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• What are the memory-management capabilities of MySQL + JDBC (in light of autonomic computing)?

  - by Adel

  I'm interested in implementing some kind of autonomic-computing functionality using MySQL. By autonomic-computing I mean roughly some failsafe abilities, whereby the application appears to be at least slightly "intelligent" For reference, the main parts of autonomic computing we'd like are the "self-configuring" and "self-healing" features (the other two - "self-optimizing" and "self-protecting", are too abstract/futuristic for us, at this time). Sofor example, if we have a sample Java application that utilizes a MySQL database, we might want to automatically restart the MySQL database if we take up too much memory. Or maybe we want to have the ability to dynamiccally adjust the database memory as needed. So for example, when we start the application the database begins with a 56 Megabyte buffer; but then as we insert so many rows we want to have it automatically jump up to 512 MB, then to 1024, until a max of 4096 MB. Does all of the above suggest that MySQL is too "weak" for the task? Do you suggest using Oracle database? My professor believes that by using Java we can basically make up for any memory-management deficiencies that MySQL has in relation to Oracle DB. I'm new to MySQL , but have experience with Oracle. If all of the above sounds wishy-washy, it is because I'm still fleshing it out. thanks

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• When is the right time to join open source project for programmer?

  - by Mahesh

  Most of the newcomers in programming start with basic projects to start with programming. Most of the C++ progammers spend some time with puzzles and contests but this is not always helpful. Sometimes you've to spend some time on real projects. Starting your own open source project could be a problem in self-learning for newbie cause of lack of mentors and peers who can't look at your code and give suggestions. Open source projects can solve this problem, some projects could be best suited for new programmers. Besides everybody is newbie at some point. So i'll try and make this question a bit from beginners perspective. I tried few questions on stack overflow before asking this like How do i join & Bare minimum you need and how to get involved with open source and what level of programming etc. But this is not helping me when it comes to self-evaluating with skills. How to find that out ? How can i check what it takes to join open source project and am i really that comfortable with huge source code etc. My question is when to consider yourself comfortable joining open source programming ? I mean how will you test yourself that you're ready to take burden of big/small projects of open source ? how will you test yourself to see if you could work with version control/other programmers/tight schedule etc ?

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• Template syntax for users - is there a right way to do it?

  - by RickM

  Ok, I'm in the middle of building a saas system, and as part of that, the hosted clients need to be able to edit certain layout templates, baqsically just html, css and javascript files. I'm obviously going to be wanting to use a template syntax here as it would be dumb to let people execute PHP code, so in this instance template syntax does need to be used. I know that in the grand scale of things, this is a very minor thing, but what template syntax do you use, and why? Is there one that's considered better than others? I've seen all sorts being used with no real consistency, for example: Smarty Style: {$someVar} {foreach from="foo" item="bar"} {$bar.food} {/foreach} ASP Style: {% someVar %} {% foreach foo as bar %} {% bar.food %} {% endforeach %} HTML Style: <someVar> <foreach from="foo" item="bar"> <bar:food> </foreach> PyroCMS/FuelPHP "LEX" Style: {{ someVar }} {{ foreach from="foo" item="bar" }} {{ bar:food }} {{ endforeach }} Obviously these arent 100% accurate (for example, LEX is used alongside PHP for loops), and are only to give you an example of what I mean. What, in your opinion would be the best one (if any) to go with. I ask this bearing in mind that people using this are likely to be novice users. I did look around at a bunch of hosted CMS and E-Commerce systems as these seem to make use of user-editable templates, and most seem to be using some form of their own syntax. I should note that whatever style I end up going with, it will be with a custom template handler due to the complexity of the system and how template files are stored. Plus I'd not want to touch the likes of Smarty with a barge pole!

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• Who extends interfaces? And why?

  - by Gangnus

  AFAIK, my class extends parent classes and implements interfaces. But I run across a situation, where I can't use implements SomeInterface. It is the declaration of a generic types. For example: public interface CallsForGrow {...} public class GrowingArrayList <T implements CallsForGrow> // BAD, won't work! extends ArrayList<T> Here using implements is syntactically forbidden. I thought first, that using interface inside < is forbidden at all, but no. It is possible, I only have to use extends instead of implements. As a result, I am "extending" an interface. This another example works: public interface CallsForGrow {...} public class GrowingArrayList <T extends CallsForGrow> // this works! extends ArrayList<T> To me it seems as a syntactical inconsistancy. But maybe I don't understand some finesses of Java 6? Are there other places where I should extend interfaces? Should the interface, that I mean to extend, have some special features?

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• I'm a Subversion geek, why should I consider or not consider Mercurial or Git or any other DVCS?

  - by user2567

  I try to understand the benefits of distributed version control system (DVCS). I found Subversion Re-education and this article by Martin Fowler very useful. Mercurial and others DVCS promote a new way of working on code with changesets and local commits. It prevents from merging hell and other collaboration issues We are not affected by this as I practice continuous integration and working alone in a private branch is not an option, unless we are experimenting. We use a branch for every major version, in which we fix bugs merged from the trunk. Mercurial allows you to have lieutenants I understand this can be useful for very large projects like Linux, but I don't see the value in small and highly collaborative teams (5 to 7 people). Mercurial is faster, takes less disk space and full local copy allows faster logs & diffs operations. I'm not concerned by this either, as I didn't notice speed or space problems with SVN even with very large projects I'm working on. I'm seeking for your personal experiences and/or opinions from former SVN geeks. Especially regarding the changesets concept and overall performance boost you measured. UPDATE (12th Jan): I'm now convinced that it worth a try. UPDATE (12th Jun): I kissed Mercurial and I liked it. The taste of his cherry local commits. I kissed Mercurial just to try it. I hope my SVN Server don't mind it. It felt so wrong. It felt so right. Don't mean I'm in love tonight. FINAL UPDATE (29th Jul): I had the privilege to review Eric Sink's next book called Version Control by Example. He finished to convince me. I'll go for Mercurial.

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• Writing generic code when your target is a C compiler

  - by enobayram

  I need to write some algorithms for a PIC micro controller. AFAIK, the official tools support either assembler or a subset of C. My goal is to write the algorithms in a generic and reusable way without losing any runtime or memory performance. And if possible, I would like to do this without increasing the development time much and compromising the readability and maintainability much either. What I mean by generic and reusable is that I don't want to commit to types, array sizes, number of bits in a bit field etc. All these specifications, IMHO, point to C++ templates, but there's no compiler for it for my target. C macro metaprogramming is another option, but, again my opinion, that greatly reduces readability and increases development time. I believe what I'm looking for is a decent C++ to C translator, but I'd like to hear anything else that satisfies the above requirements. Maybe a translator from another high-level language to C that produces very efficient code, maybe something else. Please note that I have nothing against C, I just wish templates were available in it.

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• Opportunities in Cloud Computing

  - by Paul Sorensen

  A recent article from CIO Journal indicates that there is an extreme labor shortage (in certain technology areas) that is is leading to upward pressure on wages for IT Workers. This represents a great opportunity for those with certain skill-sets, among which include Java (Oracle certification is mentioned specifically). The article points out that a key driver of the labor shortage is the expansion of cloud computing. Cloud computing is set up to make life extremely simple for end-users, but the model pushes the complexity to back-end systems which are sophisticated, enterprise-level computing stacks (Oracle has an extensive set of cloud computing solutions). These complex systems require very highly-skilled IT professionals (the best-of-the-best) to successfully develop, implement, administer and maintain them. What this mean for you is that there is opportunity for those who have the appropriate skills at the appropriate levels. If you want to be a part of this opportunity you should do a self-assessment of your own skill-sets and experience. Based upon your results you can decide where it would be most appropriate to spend your time and resources for the highest return on your investment. By expanding and sharpening your skills and by gaining greater experience you will be better prepared to take advantage of career opportunities (like this) that come along periodically. As you evaluate your needs remember that Oracle University has a tremendous selection of high-quality eduction offerings (including training and certification) that can you help move your career forward. Thanks and best of luck!

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• How do I install Intel ethernet drivers?

  - by Pat

  I just bought a Lenovo T420, I booted the live CD and couldn't connect to my wireless router so I figured I needed the drivers for it. I have the last version of Ubuntu(12.04). It's a Intel® 82579 Gigabit Ethernet Controller So I went on intel's website and downloaded the Drivers for Linux and compiled them with make install. Here's the tutorial I followed: Linux Driver Install I have a few question though, What are these doing : modprobe e1000e ifconfig eth0 up dhclient eth0 ping intel.com As far as what I've read, modprobe seems to add the driver to the list of drivers for the kernel, but is that operation only good for one session? The two other lines, I don't understand either what they are doing. What does he mean at the end when he mentions : Note: Whenever the kernel version is upgraded you will need rebuild this driver. And are these steps permanent? Or do I have to add them to some boot.conf file for everytime I boot. Anyways, the steps worked for me and I have established a connection with my router, I just need to know if I need to do additional steps to keep the driver permanently etc.

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• Is constantly looking for code examples a sign of a bad developer?

  - by Newly Insecure

  I am a CS student with several years of experience in C and C++, and for the last few years I've been constantly working with Java/Objective C doing app development and now I have switched to web development and am mainly focused on ruby on rails and I came to the realization that (as with app development , really) I reference other code way too much. I constantly Google functionality for lots of things I imagine I should be able to do from scratch and it's really cracked my confidence a bit. Basic fundamentals are not an issue, I hate to use this as an example but I can run through javabat in both java/python at a sprint - obviously not an accomplishment and but what I mean to say is I have a strong base for the fundamentals I think? I know what I need to use typically but reference syntax constantly. Would love some advice and input on this, as it has been holding me back pretty solidly in terms of looking for work in this field even though I'm finishing my degree. My main reason for asking is not really about employment, but more that I don't want to be the only guy at a hackathon not hammering out nonstop code and sitting there with 20 Google/github tabs open, and I have refrained from attending any due to a slight lack of confidence... Is a person a bad developer by constantly looking to code examples for moderate to complex tasks?

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• Proper caching method with .htaccess

  - by mark075

  There are a lot of snippets that enable caching on a website and I don't know which one should I use. The most popular is something like this: <IfModule mod_expires.c> ExpiresActive On ExpiresByType image/jpg "access 1 year" ExpiresByType image/png "access 1 year" ExpiresByType text/css "access 1 month" ExpiresDefault "access 2 days" </IfModule> I also found something similar, but with keyword 'plus'. Like this: ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 2592000 seconds" What does it mean, because I didn't find anything in the documentation. Another snippet I found: <ifModule mod_headers.c> <filesMatch "\.(ico|jpe?g|png|gif|swf)$"> Header set Cache-Control "max-age=2592000, public" </filesMatch> <filesMatch "\.(css)$"> Header set Cache-Control "max-age=604800, public" </filesMatch> <filesMatch "\.(js)$"> Header set Cache-Control "max-age=216000, private" </filesMatch> <filesMatch "\.(x?html?|php)$"> Header set Cache-Control "max-age=600, private, must-revalidate" </filesMatch> </ifModule> What is the best practice?

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• protected abstract override Foo(); &ndash; er... what?

  - by Muljadi Budiman

  A couple of weeks back, a co-worker was pondering a situation he was facing.  He was looking at the following class hierarchy: abstract class OriginalBase { protected virtual void Test() { } } abstract class SecondaryBase : OriginalBase { } class FirstConcrete : SecondaryBase { } class SecondConcrete : SecondaryBase { } Basically, the first 2 classes are abstract classes, but the OriginalBase class has Test implemented as a virtual method.  What he needed was to force concrete class implementations to provide a proper body for the Test method, but he can’t do mark the method as abstract since it is already implemented in the OriginalBase class. One way to solve this is to hide the original implementation and then force further derived classes to properly implemented another method that will replace it.  The code will look like the following: abstract class OriginalBase { protected virtual void Test() { } } abstract class SecondaryBase : OriginalBase { protected sealed override void Test() { Test2(); } protected abstract void Test2(); } class FirstConcrete : SecondaryBase { // Have to override Test2 here } class SecondConcrete : SecondaryBase { // Have to override Test2 here } With the above code, SecondaryBase class will seal the Test method so it can no longer be overridden.  Then it also made an abstract method Test2 available, which will force the concrete classes to override and provide the proper implementation.  Calling Test will properly call the proper Test2 implementation in each respective concrete classes. I was wondering if there’s a way to tell the compiler to treat the Test method in SecondaryBase as abstract, and apparently you can, by combining the abstract and override keywords.  The code looks like the following: abstract class OriginalBase { protected virtual void Test() { } } abstract class SecondaryBase : OriginalBase { protected abstract override void Test(); } class FirstConcrete : SecondaryBase { // Have to override Test here } class SecondConcrete : SecondaryBase { // Have to override Test here } The method signature makes it look a bit funky, because most people will treat the override keyword to mean you then need to provide the implementation as well, but the effect is exactly as we desired.  The concepts are still valid: you’re overriding the Test method from its original implementation in the OriginalBase class, but you don’t want to implement it, rather you want to classes that derive from SecondaryBase to provide the proper implementation, so you also make it as an abstract method. I don’t think I’ve ever seen this before in the wild, so it was pretty neat to find that the compiler does support this case.

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• Games without a(n explicit) game loop

  - by Davy8

  Most game development happens with a main game loop. Are there any good articles/blog posts/discussions about games without a game loop? I imagine they'd mostly be web games, but I'd be interested in hearing otherwise. (As a side note, I think it's really interesting that the concept is almost exclusively used in gaming as far as I'm aware, perhaps that may be another question.) Edit: I realize there's probably a redraw loop somewhere. I guess what I really mean is a loop that is hidden to you. Frames are something you as the developer are not concerned with as you're working on a higher level of abstraction. E.g. someLootItem.moveTo(inventory, someAnimatationType) and that will move from the loot box to your inventory using the specified animation type without the game developer having to worry about the implementation details of that animation. Maybe that's how "real" games end up working, but from reading most tutorials they seem to imply a much more granular level of control is used, but that might just be an artifact of being a tutorial.

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• Updating, etc., automatically

  - by Steve D

  Is there a way to set up Ubuntu 12.04 (or earlier versions) so that all recommended updates are done automatically, say once a week? When I say automatically, I mean no password entry or user intervention required. This sounds like a stupid request, so let me tell why I'm asking. My grandfather knows nothing about computers; he uses his solely to read Yahoo! mail. I want to get rid of his clunky, spyware-ridden Windows XP and install Ubuntu. I want to set it up so when he turns the computer on, after a couple minutes, voila!, Yahoo! mail, already signed in, ready to go. The problem is I don't want to have to go over there every week or so and make sure everything is up-to-date, he hasn't accidentally installed any spyware, etc. So can this be done? Is this the best way to set things up for my grandfather? Are there other things I should be worried about when it comes to keeping things hassle-free for him? Please don't post anything like "why not teach him how to... blah blah blah". My grandfather is 80 years old and has made it clear email is the only thing he will ever use a computer for! Thanks!

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• Why would he say "We don't want to support MVC3"?

  - by MadBurn

  I work in a small shop at a fairly big company doing intranet web applications. By small, I mean there is 1 other guy in my position... and he graduated with me last December. (we aren't the only IT, but the only ones in our field) We are switching out an old COBOL system and converting it's only used application suite to a Web App. My company has contracted to a Web Application firm to help with this process who has chosen ASP.NET MVC, during one of the important meetings I asked if they will be using MVC2 or MVC3. Their lead developer said: "MVC2, we don't want to support MVC3. haha" My question is, why is this? This was several months ago and I've been doing extensive and self training gearing up for the MVC switch. From everything I am understanding, MVC3 is just like MVC2 if you don't use Razor and it fixes a number of smaller bugs that MVC2 had. So in my eyes, I can't see any reason to NOT use MCV3. There has to be something I'm missing. Since I don't really have any mentors to turn to in the real world, I'm coming here. What problems are there with MVC3 that might possibly lead him to say this that I'm missing?

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• Create Your Own Quick Calculator Function for the Terminal

  - by The Geek

  If you’re anything like me, you’ve always got a Terminal window open, and you probably have even assigned a hotkey to bring it up anytime. So why open up the boring calculator when you can solve equations right there on the command line? This is a simple method for creating a calculator using the built-in function support in the Bash shell. Essentially all we’re doing is assigning the question mark to run the bc command with whatever arguments you type after it. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC RGB? CMYK? Alpha? What Are Image Channels and What Do They Mean? How to Recover that Photo, Picture or File You Deleted Accidentally How To Colorize Black and White Vintage Photographs in Photoshop How To Get SSH Command-Line Access to Windows 7 Using Cygwin The How-To Geek Video Guide to Using Windows 7 Speech Recognition How To Create Your Own Custom ASCII Art from Any Image Vintage Posters Showcase the History of Tech Advertising Google Cloud Print Extension Lets You Print Doc/PDF/Txt Files from Web Sites Hack a $10 Flashlight into an Ultra-bright Premium One Firefox Personas Arrive on Firefox Mobile Focus Booster Is a Sleek and Free Productivity Timer What is the Internet? From the Today Show January 1994 [Historical Video]

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• Java and .NET cost of use [on hold]

  - by 1110

  I work with .NET technology stack for about 4 years. I am learning and enjoy working with ASP MVC framework and I never did anything serious in other languages. This is not the question like what is better (I read all similar questions). What interest me is the cost of switching. For example: If you are about to start a start-up company today and you are in my situation not too much money, some good idea that you think others will use and have a knowledge of .NET. In my head I have a few questions that I can't answer and I know that somebody with experience can: 1) Java & .NET hosting. Suppose shared hosting is not good enough anymore, your site has grown and you need more resources. How much Java services is cheaper compared to .NET? 2) I didn't follow hype about ORACLE will kill java long time. Does oracle show interest in investing in java. I mean is is safe to bet on java as a technology when starting start-up (basically did oracle show some will to destroy java platform)? 3) I am not sure what I am asking here. When you use Java you can use JEEE stack or Java with third party stack (spring, hibernate, maven etc.). I saw a lot of project that work with second option if web application is not enterprise level but social networking site for example which stack is best pick? Summary of this question is is it safe to jump in to Java learn it and build product based on it. It's not too hard for me to learn it. But how much can I get from it.

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• Change Keybindings (hardware to software)

  - by Daniel

  I ran a search for this, but the answers I saw were referring to something altogether different than what I'm asking for. So let me clarify: I'm not asking how to change key-combo shortcuts. I'm asking--how do you actually change what your computer thinks you did when you press a given key? An example of what I mean (and the reason I'm asking). I'm a Chrome user, and I use Windows alongside Ubuntu. I own a Lenovo Thinkpad T61p--it came with my scholarship package, and I would have shopped for a nice computer if I could have. The T61p has two buttons above the left and right arrow keys that relate to browser commands to go back and forth one page. This is extremely frustrating for me, as I use the arrow keys, and a single accidental keystroke will catch me going back a page, losing temporary data, and yelling at my stupid keyboard. At the same time, I'm the type of person who keeps way too many tabs open. Chrome doesn't let me refigure keyboard shortcuts, and the only way it allows you to switch between tabs are ctrl+tab and ctrl+shift+tab, and ctrl+page up/down. I was using Notepad++, and they had finally found the solution to both problems! The page back and forth keys functioned as tab back and forth keys. I went through quite some effort to learn how to change the keybindings in Windows. The page back and page forward keys are now the page up and page down keys, respectively, and if I hit control, they let me switch tabs easily, and rather pleasantly. And if I hit the keys by accident, no harm, no foul. Alas, I'm in Ubuntu now, and I need to go through the process again. And while I couldn't just find the answer online, like I did for Windows, I know Ubuntu has nice, supportive communities like this one, where, hopefully, somebody can tell me how to do either what I did in Windows, or directly make it so that my computer changes tabs when I hit those buttons (removing the ctrl button from the tab-changing command).

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• I don't program in my spare time. Does that make me a bad developer?

  - by not-my-real-name

  A lot of blogs and advice on the web seem to suggest that in order to become a great developer, doing just your day job is not enough. For example, you should contribute to open source projects in your spare time, write smartphone apps, etc. In fact a lot of this advice seems to suggest that if you don't love programming enough to do it all day long then you're probably in the wrong career. That doesn't ring true with me. I enjoy my work, but when I come home from the office I'm not in the mood to jump straight back onto the computer and start coding away until bedtime. I only have a certain number of hours free time each day, and I'd rather spend them on other hobbies, seeing friends or going outside than in front of the computer. I do get a kick out of programming, and do hack around outside of work occasionally. I'm committed to my personal development and spend time reading tech blogs and books as a way to keep learning and becoming better. But that doesn't extend so far as to my wanting to use all my spare time for coding. Does this mean I'm not a 'true' software developer at heart? Is it possible to become a good software developer without doing extra outside your job? I'd be very interested to hear what you think.

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• Upgraded from 11.4 to 11.10, There was an error, now the system won't initiialize

  - by Eric

  This morning the system gave me a message that my Version (11.4) was no longer supported, and I took the 'upgrade' option (- 11.10). While installing the various components I encountered a message to the effect that the there was an error and the system may have become unusable. Among the messges: E:Sup-process /usr/bin/dpkg received a segmentation fault...returned an error code (1). I was given an option to do several things, one of which seemed to mean that it would attempt to roll back to the previous version (the default), which I took. After the process ran it said the upgrade process had finished, but there were errors. I attempted to initialize a console so I could enter ubuntu-bug update-manager /var/log/dist-upgrade, per the instructions I received when I received the error message, but the console failed during initialization. I restarted the machine, and the screen has stopped with the following contents: * Starting bluetooth * Stopping save kernel messages * Starting CUPS printing spooler/server * PulseAudio configured per-user sessions saned disabled: edit /etc/default/saned $starting up Cisco VPN daemon *Starting anac(h)ronistic cron *Stopping anac(h)ronistic cron Each of these steps followed by [ OK ] What are my options? Any help appreciated!

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• is Java free for mobile development?

  - by exTrace101

  Q1. I would like to know if it's free for a developer (I mean, if I have to pay no royalties to Sun/Oracle) to develop (Android) mobile apps in Java? After reading this snippet about use of Java field, I'm getting the impression that Java is not free for mobile development, is that right? .."General Purpose Desktop Computers and Servers" means computers, including desktop and laptop computers, or servers, used for general computing functions under end user control (such as but not specifically limited to email, general purpose Internet browsing, and office suite productivity tools). The use of Software in systems and solutions that provide dedicated functionality (other than as mentioned above) or designed for use in embedded or function-specific software applications, for example but not limited to: Software embedded in or bundled with industrial control systems, wireless mobile telephones, wireless handheld devices, netbooks, kiosks, TV/STB, Blu-ray Disc devices, telematics and network control switching equipment, printers and storage management systems, and other related systems are excluded from this definition and not licensed under this Agreement... and from http://www.excelsiorjet.com/embedded/ Notice : The Java SE Embedded technology license currently prohibits the use of Java SE in cell phones. Q2. how come these plethora of Android Java developers aren't paying Sun/Oracle a dime?

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• is wisdom of what happens 'behind scenes' (in compiler, external DLLs etc.) important?

  - by I_Question_Things_Deeply

  I have been a computer-fanatic for almost a decade now. I've always loved and wondered how computers work, even from the purest, lowest hardware level to the very smallest pixel on the screen, and all the software around that. That seems to be my problem though ... as I try to write code (I'm pretty fluent at C++) I always sit there enormous amounts of time in front of a text-editor wondering how every line, statement, datum, function, etc. will correspond to every Assembly and machine instruction performed to do absolutely everything necessary for the kernel to allocate memory to run my compiled program, and all of the other hardware being used as well. For example ... I would write cout << "Before memory changed" << endl; and run the debugger to get the Assembly for this, and then try and reverse disassemble the Assembly to machine code based on my ISA, and then research every .dll, library file, linked library, linking process, linker source code of the program, the make file, the kernel I'm using's steps of processing this compilation, the hardware's part aside from the processor (e.g. video card, sound card, chipset, cache latency, byte-sized registers, calling convention use, DDR3 RAM and disk drive, filesystem functioning and so many other things). Am I going about programming wrong? I mean I feel I should know everything that goes on underneath English syntax on a computer program. But the problem is that the more I research every little thing the less I actually accomplish at all. I can never finish anything because of this mentality, yet I feel compelled to know everything... what should I do?

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• Windows partition UNKNOWN after Ubuntu installation attempt at dual boot - How to fix?

  - by user285645

  The idea was to install Win 7 and Ubuntu with dual boot. However, after installation, Gparted shows a /dev/sda1 as an 'unknown' filesystem and its size is 278 GB. All my windows files, data are in this partition. THen, there's /dev/sda2 with 'EXT4' filesystem (size-9.54 GB) - created during Ubuntu install. Then, there's /dev/sda3 with 'extended' filesystem (size- 10.5 GB) - created during Ubuntu install. Then, there's /dev/sda5 with 'linux swap' filesystem (size- 2 GB) - created during Ubuntu install. Then, there's /dev/sda6 with 'ext4' filesystem (size- 8.5 GB) - created during Ubuntu install. MY questions are: What exactly does this Gparted output above mean? How to recover my previous Windows 7 installation that's in /dev/sda1 (NTFS). I have some important files I need. Also, I had a PGP encryption on the disk before installing Ubuntu. Now, it just boots straight into Ubuntu... why? How to uninstall Ubuntu (the Try ubuntu and uninstall did not work. the boot-repair did not work) I have read other topics but noone has provided a proper step by step answer to how to recover my 278GB WIndows partition. The testdisk step by step procedure did not work. It says the NTFS disk is unrecognized.

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• Unable to make sound play in headset

  - by user50849

  Top right, I click the sound icon, select sound settings, and connect my USB-headset. I can them see the headset being detected as it pops up in the menu. I click it, and expect the currently played audio to get sent to the headset instead. My problem is that it does not. The audio keeps playing through the built-in speakers. More info: The icon for my built-in card in the sound settings is a circuit with a note symbol on top. The symbol for the headset is just black background with a "No" symbol on it. Might mean it doesn't work somehow. I installed pavucontrol, and notice that no second sound card shows up in there. When connecting, the syslog says Jun 20 09:38:46 yuna kernel: [40144.553431] usb 2-1.2: new full-speed USB device number 11 using ehci_hcd Jun 20 09:38:46 yuna kernel: [40144.650609] input: C-Media USB Headphone Set as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.2/2-1.2:1.3/input/input20 Jun 20 09:38:46 yuna kernel: [40144.650895] generic-usb 0003:0D8C:000C.000B: input,hidraw0: USB HID v1.00 Device [C-Media USB Headphone Set ] on usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.2/input3 Jun 20 09:38:46 yuna mtp-probe: checking bus 2, device 11: "/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.2" Jun 20 09:38:46 yuna mtp-probe: bus: 2, device: 11 was not an MTP device

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• Are specific types still necessary?

  - by MKO

  One thing that occurred to me the other day, are specific types still necessary or a legacy that is holding us back. What I mean is: do we really need short, int, long, bigint etc etc. I understand the reasoning, variables/objects are kept in memory, memory needs to be allocated and therefore we need to know how big a variable can be. But really, shouldn't a modern programming language be able to handle "adaptive types", ie, if something is only ever allocated in the shortint range it uses fewer bytes, and if something is suddenly allocated a very big number the memory is allocated accordinly for that particular instance. Float, real and double's are a bit trickier since the type depends on what precision you need. Strings should however be able to take upp less memory in many instances (in .Net) where mostly ascii is used buth strings always take up double the memory because of unicode encoding. One argument for specific types might be that it's part of the specification, ie for example a variable should not be able to be bigger than a certain value so we set it to shortint. But why not have type constraints instead? It would be much more flexible and powerful to be able to set permissible ranges and values on variables (and properties). I realize the immense problem in revamping the type architecture since it's so tightly integrated with underlying hardware and things like serialization might become tricky indeed. But from a programming perspective it should be great no?

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• Learning how to design knowledge and data flow [closed]

  - by max

  In designing software, I spend a lot of time deciding how the knowledge (algorithms / business logic) and data should be allocated between different entities; that is, which object should know what. I am asking for advice about books, articles, presentations, classes, or other resources that would help me learn how to do it better. I code primarily in Python, but my question is not really language-specific; even if some of the insights I learn don't work in Python, that's fine. I'll give a couple examples to clarify what I mean. Example 1 I want to perform some computation. As a user, I will need to provide parameters to do the computation. I can have all those parameters sent to the "main" object, which then uses them to create other objects as needed. Or I can create one "main" object, as well as several additional objects; the additional objects would then be sent to the "main" object as parameters. What factors should I consider to make this choice? Example 2 Let's say I have a few objects of type A that can perform a certain computation. The main computation often involves using an object of type B that performs some interim computation. I can either "teach" A instances what exact parameters to pass to B instances (i.e., make B "dumb"); or I can "teach" B instances to figure out what needs to be done when looking at an A instance (i.e., make B "smart"). What should I think about when I'm making this choice?

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