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• How do I daemonize an arbitrary script in unix?

  - by dreeves

  I'd like a daemonizer that can turn an arbitrary, generic script or command into a daemon. There are two common cases I'd like to deal with: I have a script that should run forever. If it ever dies (or on reboot), restart it. Don't let there ever be two copies running at once (detect if a copy is already running and don't launch it in that case). I have a simple script or command line command that I'd like to keep executing repeatedly forever (with a short pause between runs). Again, don't allow two copies of the script to ever be running at once. Of course it's trivial to write a "while(true)" loop around the script in case 2 and then apply a solution for case 1, but a more general solution will just solve case 2 directly since that applies to the script in case 1 as well (you may just want a shorter or no pause if the script is not intended to ever die (of course if the script really does never die then the pause doesn't actually matter)). Note that the solution should not involve, say, adding file-locking code or PID recording to the existing scripts. More specifically, I'd like a program "daemonize" that I can run like % daemonize myscript arg1 arg2 or, for example, % daemonize 'echo `date` >> /tmp/times.txt' which would keep a growing list of dates appended to times.txt. (Note that if the argument(s) to daemonize is a script that runs forever as in case 1 above, then daemonize will still do the right thing, restarting it when necessary.) I could then put a command like above in my .login and/or cron it hourly or minutely (depending on how worried I was about it dying unexpectedly). NB: The daemonize script will need to remember the command string it is daemonizing so that if the same command string is daemonized again it does not launch a second copy. Also, the solution should ideally work on both OS X and linux but solutions for one or the other are welcome. (If I'm thinking of this all wrong or there are quick-and-dirty partial solutions, I'd love to hear that too.)

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• Zip multiple database PDF blob files

  - by Michael

  I have a database table that contains numerous PDF blob files. I am attempting to combine all of the files into a single ZIP file that I can download and then print. Please help! <?php include '../config.php'; include '../connect.php'; $session = $_GET['session']; $query = "SELECT $tbl_uploads.username, $tbl_uploads.description, $tbl_uploads.type, $tbl_uploads.size, $tbl_uploads.content, $tbl_members.session FROM $tbl_uploads LEFT JOIN $tbl_members ON $tbl_uploads.username = $tbl_members.username WHERE $tbl_members.session = '$session'"; $result = mysql_query($query) or die('Error, query failed'); $files = array(); while(list($username, $description, $type, $size, $content) = mysql_fetch_array($result)) { $files[] = "$username-$description.pdf"; } $zip = new ZipArchive; $zip->open('file.zip', ZipArchive::CREATE); foreach ($files as $file) { $zip->addFile($file); } $zip->close(); header('Content-Type: application/zip'); header('Content-disposition: attachment; filename=filename.zip'); header('Content-Length: ' . filesize($zipfilename)); readfile($zipname); exit(); ?>

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• Regex to GENERATE thumbnails!?!?! (but that's crazy!)

  - by CryptoMonkey

  Hello everyone! So here is my situation, and the solution that I've come up with to solve the problem. I have created an application that includes TinyMCE to allow users to create HTML content for publishing. The user can include images in their markup, and drag/resize those images effecting the final Width/Height attributes in the IMG tag. This is all great, the users can include images and resize/relocate them to their desired appearance. But one big problem is that I am now sending a (possibly) much larger image to the client, only to have the browser resize the image into the requested Width/Height attributes. All that bandwidth and lost load time.... So my solution is to pre-process my users markup content, scanning all of the IMG tags and parsing out the Height/Width/Src attributes. Then set each img's SRC tag to a phpThumb request with the parsed Height/Width passed into the thumbnails URL. This will create my reduced size image (optimising bandwidth at the expense of CPU and caching). What do you think about this solution? I've seen other posts where people were using mod_rewrite to do something similar, but I want to effect the content on the page service and not manipulate the image requests as they're being received. .... Any thoughts about this design? I need some help with the fine details as my regex skills need some work, but I'm very short on time and promise to pay my technical knowledge debt soon. To make the regex's easier, I can be sure of some things. Only img tags that need this processing will have an existing width="" height="" attributes (with the double quotes, and lower cased text, but I suppose matching the text case insensitive would be better if TinyMCE changes) So a regex to match only the necessary Img tags, and maybe another three regex's to extract the src, the width, and the height? Thanks everyone.

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• in haskell, why do I need to specify type constraints, why can't the compiler figure them out?

  - by Steve

  Consider the function, add a b = a + b This works: *Main> add 1 2 3 However, if I add a type signature specifying that I want to add things of the same type: add :: a -> a -> a add a b = a + b I get an error: test.hs:3:10: Could not deduce (Num a) from the context () arising from a use of `+' at test.hs:3:10-14 Possible fix: add (Num a) to the context of the type signature for `add' In the expression: a + b In the definition of `add': add a b = a + b So GHC clearly can deduce that I need the Num type constraint, since it just told me: add :: Num a => a -> a -> a add a b = a + b Works. Why does GHC require me to add the type constraint? If I'm doing generic programming, why can't it just work for anything that knows how to use the + operator? In C++ template programming, you can do this easily: #include <string> #include <cstdio> using namespace std; template<typename T> T add(T a, T b) { return a + b; } int main() { printf("%d, %f, %s\n", add(1, 2), add(1.0, 3.4), add(string("foo"), string("bar")).c_str()); return 0; } The compiler figures out the types of the arguments to add and generates a version of the function for that type. There seems to be a fundamental difference in Haskell's approach, can you describe it, and discuss the trade-offs? It seems to me like it would be resolved if GHC simply filled in the type constraint for me, since it obviously decided it was needed. Still, why the type constraint at all? Why not just compile successfully as long as the function is only used in a valid context where the arguments are in Num? Thank you.

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• Compression Program in C

  - by Delandilon

  I want to compress a series of characters. For example if i type Input : FFFFFBBBBBBBCCBBBAABBGGGGGSSS (27 x 8 bits = 216 bits) Output: F5B7C2B3A2B2G5S3 (14 x 8 bits = 112bits) So far this is what i have, i can count the number of Characters in the Array. But the most important task is to count them in the same sequence. I can't seem to figure that out :( Ive stared doing C just a few weeks back, i have knowledge on Array, pointers, ASCII value but in any case can't seem to count these characters in a sequence. Ive try a bit of everything. This approach is no good but it the closest i came to it. #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main() { int charcnt=0,dotcnt=0,commacnt=0,blankcnt=0,i, countA, countB; char str[125]; printf("*****String Manipulations*****\n\n"); printf("Enter a string\n\n"); scanf("%[^'\n']s",str); printf("\n\nEntered String is \" %s \" \n",str); for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++) { // COUNTING EXCEPTION CHARS if(str[i]==' ') blankcnt++; if(str[i]=='.') dotcnt++; if(str[i]==',') commacnt++; if (str[i]=='A' || str[i]=='a') countA++; if (str[i]=='B' || str[i]=='b') countA++; } //PRINT RESULT OF COUNT charcnt=i; printf("\n\nTotal Characters : %d",charcnt); printf("\nTotal Blanks : %d",blankcnt); printf("\nTotal Full stops : %d",dotcnt); printf("\nTotal Commas : %d\n\n",commacnt); printf("A%d\n", countA); }

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• Passing Data to Multi Threads

  - by alaamh

  I study this code from some book: #include <pthread.h> #include <stdio.h> /* Parameters to print_function. */ struct char_print_parms { /* The character to print. */ char character; /* The number of times to print it. */ int count; }; /* Prints a number of characters to stderr, as given by PARAMETERS, which is a pointer to a struct char_print_parms. */ void* char_print(void* parameters) { /* Cast the cookie pointer to the right type. */ struct char_print_parms* p = (struct char_print_parms*) parameters; int i; for (i = 0; i < p->count; ++i) fputc(p->character, stderr); return NULL; } /* The main program. */ int main() { pthread_t thread1_id; pthread_t thread2_id; struct char_print_parms thread1_args; struct char_print_parms thread2_args; /* Create a new thread to print 30,000 ’x’s. */ thread1_args.character = 'x'; thread1_args.count = 30000; pthread_create(&thread1_id, NULL, &char_print, &thread1_args); /* Create a new thread to print 20,000 o’s. */ thread2_args.character = 'o'; thread2_args.count = 20000; pthread_create(&thread2_id, NULL, &char_print, &thread2_args); usleep(20); return 0; } after running this code, I see different result each time. and some time corrupted result. what is wrong and what the correct way to do that?

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• Build OpenGL model in parallel?

  - by Brendan Long

  I have a program which draws some terrain and simulates water flowing over it (in a cheap and easy way). Updating the water was easy to parallelize using OpenMP, so I can do ~50 updates per second. The problem is that even with a small amounts of water, my draws per second are very very low (starts at 5 and drops to around 2 once there's a significant amount of water). It's not a problem with the video card because the terrain is more complicated and gets drawn so quickly that boost::timer tells me that I get infinity draws per second if I turn the water off. It may be related to memory bandwidth though (since I assume the model stays on the card and doesn't have to be transfered every time). What I'm concerned about is that on every draw, I'm calling glVertex3f() about a million times (max size is 450*600, 4 vertices each), and it's done entirely sequentially because Glut won't let me call anything in parallel. So.. is if there's some way of building the list in parallel and then passing it to OpenGL all at once? Or some other way of making it draw this faster? Am I using the wrong method (besides the obvious "use less vertices")?

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• How can this Ambient Context become null?

  - by Mark Seemann

  Can anyone help me explain how TimeProvider.Current can become null in the following class? public abstract class TimeProvider { private static TimeProvider current = DefaultTimeProvider.Instance; public static TimeProvider Current { get { return TimeProvider.current; } set { if (value == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("value"); } TimeProvider.current = value; } } public abstract DateTime UtcNow { get; } public static void ResetToDefault() { TimeProvider.current = DefaultTimeProvider.Instance; } } Observations All unit tests that directly reference TimeProvider also invokes ResetToDefault() in their Fixture Teardown. There is no multithreaded code involved. Once in a while, one of the unit tests fail because TimeProvider.Current is null (NullReferenceException is thrown). This only happens when I run the entire suite, but not when I just run a single unit test, suggesting to me that there is some subtle test interdependence going on. It happens approximately once every five or six test runs. When a failure occurs, it seems to be occuring in the first executed tests that involves TimeProvider.Current. More than one test can fail, but only one fails in a given test run. FWIW, here's the DefaultTimeProvider class as well: public class DefaultTimeProvider : TimeProvider { private readonly static DefaultTimeProvider instance = new DefaultTimeProvider(); private DefaultTimeProvider() { } public override DateTime UtcNow { get { return DateTime.UtcNow; } } public static DefaultTimeProvider Instance { get { return DefaultTimeProvider.instance; } } } I suspect that there's some subtle interplay going on with static initialization where the runtime is actually allowed to access TimeProvider.Current before all static initialization has finished, but I can't quite put my finger on it. Any help is appreciated.

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• Need help with transferring data between MySQL db's using PHP

  - by JM4

  In one of the sites I manage, the client has decided to take on ACH/Bank Account administration where it was previously outsourced. As a result, the information submitted in our online form which used to simply store in a single database for processing now must sit in 'limbo' until the funds used for payment have been verified. My original plan is as follows: At the end of an enrollment, all form data is collected and stored in a single MySQL database. Our internal administrator will receive an email notification reminding him enrollments have taken place. He will process the ACH information collected and wait the 3-4 business days needed for payment to clear. Once the payment information has been returned as Good (haven't considered what I will do with the 'bad' yet), the administrator can log into a secure portal which allows him to click a button to 'process' the full information once compared and verified. the process is simplified as: Enrollment complete: data stored in DB 'A' Funds verified and link clicked: data from 'A' is copied to DB 'B' and 'A' is deleted. I have run similar processes with CSV output before and simply used //transfers old data to archive $transfer = mysql_query('INSERT INTO '.$archive.' SELECT * FROM '.$table) or die(mysql_error()); //empties existing table $query = mysql_query('TRUNCATE TABLE '.$table) or die(mysql_error()); but in those cases, ALL data returned was copied and deleted. I only want to copy and delete a single record. Any idea how to accomplish this?

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• Declaring arrays in c language without initial size

  - by user2534857

  this is the question-- Write a program to manipulate the temperature details as given below. - Input the number of days to be calculated. – Main function - Input temperature in Celsius – input function - Convert the temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit.- Separate function - find the average temperature in Fahrenheit. how can I make this program without initial size of array ?? #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> void input(int); int temp[10]; int d; void main() { int x=0; float avg=0,t=0; printf("\nHow many days : "); scanf("%d",&d); input(d); conv(); for(x=0;x<d;x++) { t=t+temp[x]; } avg=t/d; printf("Avarage is %f",avg); getch(); } void input(int d) { int x=0; for(x=0;x<d;x++) { printf("Input temperature in Celsius for #%d day",x+1); scanf("%d",&temp[x]); } } void conv() { int x=0; for(x=0;x<d;x++) { temp[x]=1.8*temp[x]+32; } }

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• Instantiating a class within a class

  - by Ink-Jet

  Hello. I'm trying to instantiate a class within a class, so that the outer class contains the inner class. This is my code: #include <iostream> #include <string> class Inner { private: std::string message; public: Inner(std::string m); void print() const; }; Inner::Inner(std::string m) { message = m; } void Inner::print() const { std::cout << message << std::endl; std::cout << message << std::endl; } class Outer { private: std::string message; Inner in; public: Outer(std::string m); void print() const; }; Outer::Outer(std::string m) { message = m; } void Outer::print() const { std::cout << message << std::endl; } int main() { Outer out("Hello world."); out.print(); return 0; } "Inner in", is my attempt at containing the inner within the outer, however, when I compile, i get an error that there is no matching function for call to Inner::Inner(). What have I done wrong? Thanks.

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• Heap Algorithmic Issue

  - by OberynMarDELL

  I am having this algorithmic problem that I want to discuss about. Its not about find a solution but about optimization in terms of runtime. So here it is: Suppose we have a race court of Length L and a total of N cars that participate on the race. The race rules are simple. Once a car overtakes an other car the second car is eliminated from the race. The race ends when no more overtakes are possible to happen. The tricky part is that the k'th car has a starting point x[k] and a velocity v[k]. The points are given in an ascending order, but the velocities may differ. What I've done so far: Given that a car can get overtaken only by its previous, I calculated the time that it takes for each car to reach its next one t = (x[i] - x[i+1])/(v[i] - v[i+1]) and I insert these times onto a min heap in O(n log n). So in theory I have to pop the first element in O(logn), find its previous, pop it as well , update its time and insert it in the heap once more, much like a priority queue. My main problem is how I can access specific points of a heap in O(log n) or faster in order to keep the complexity in O(n log n) levels. This program should be written on Haskell so I would like to keep things simple as far as possible EDIT: I Forgot to write the actual point of the race. The goal is to find the order in which cars exit the game

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• SHGetFolderPath

  - by user530589

  This code works for windows 7 but doesn't work for windows XP (outputs only part of startup folder path) #include <iostream> #include <shlobj.h> using namespace std; int main() { wchar_t startupFolder[1024]; HRESULT hr = SHGetFolderPath(0, CSIDL_STARTUP, 0, 0, startupFolder); if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) wcout << L"Startup folder = " << startupFolder << endl; else cout << "Error when getting startup folder\n"; getchar(); return 0; } output is: Startup folder = C:\Documents and Settings\Admin\ <- cursor is here. Newline is not provided. Also I have russian window xp. I think this is unicode issue. when I use wprintf I got: C:\Documents and Settings\Admin\???????? ..... Thanks. As a temporary solution: After SHGetFolderPath I call GetShortPathName then I get path in msdos style: C:\DOCUME~1\Admin\5D29~1\4A66~1\60C2~1 Not really beautiful solution, but at least that is a valid path.

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• Stream buffering issue

  - by Kolyunya

  The mod_rewrite documentation states that it is a strict requirement to disable in(out)put buffering in a rewrite program. Keeping that in mind I've written a simple program (I do know that it lacks the EOF check but this is not an issue and it saves one condition check per loop): #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main ( void ) { setvbuf(stdin,NULL,_IOLBF,4200); setvbuf(stdout,NULL,_IOLBF,4200); int character; while ( 42 ) { character = getchar(); if ( character == '-' ) { character = '_'; } putchar(character); } return 42 - 42; } After making some measurements I was shocked - it was over 9,000 times slower than the demo Perl script provided by the documentation: #!/usr/bin/perl $| = 1; # Turn off I/O buffering while (<STDIN>) { s/-/_/g; # Replace dashes with underscores print $_; } Now I have two related questions: Question 1. I believe that the streams may be line buffered since Apache sends a new line after each path. Am I correct? Switching my program to setvbuf(stdin,NULL,_IOLBF,4200); setvbuf(stdout,NULL,_IOLBF,4200); makes it twice as fast as Perl one. This should not hit Apache's performance, should it? Question 2. How can one write a program in C which will use unbuffered streams (like Perl one) and will perform as fast as Perl one?

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• Acessing a struct member, using a pointer to a vector of structs. Error:base operand of '->' has non-pointer type

  - by Matt Munson

  #include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; struct s_Astruct { vector <int> z; }; int main () { vector <s_Astruct> v_a; for(int q=0;q<10;q++) { v_a.push_back(s_Astruct()); for(int w =0;w<5;w++) v_a[q].z.push_back(8); } vector <s_Astruct> * p_v_a = & v_a; cout << p_v_a[0]->z[4]; //error: base operand of '->' has non-pointer type //'__gnu_debug_def::vector<s_Astruct, std::allocator<s_Astruct> >' } There seems to be some issue with this sort of operation that I don't understand. In the code that I'm working on I actually have things like p_class-vector[]-vector[]-int; and I'm getting a similar error.

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• Separation of business logic

  - by bruno

  When I was optimizing my architecture of our applications in our website, I came to a problem that I don't know the best solution for. Now at the moment we have a small dll based on this structure: Database <-> DAL <-> BLL the Dal uses Business Objects to pass to the BLL that will pass it to the applications that uses this dll. Only the BLL is public so any application that includes this dll, can see the bll. In the beginning, this was a good solution for our company. But when we are adding more and more applications on that Dll, the bigger the Bll is getting. Now we dont want that some applications can see Bll-logic from other applications. Now I don't know what the best solution is for that. The first thing I thought was, move and separate the bll to other dll's which i can include in my application. But then must the Dal be public, so the other dll's can get the data... and that I seems like a good solution. My other solution, is just to separate the bll in different namespaces, and just include only the namespaces you need in the applications. But in this solution, you can get directly access to other bll's if you want. So I'm asking for your opinions.

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• C# - Is it possible to start my project with a class instead of a form?

  - by Irro

  I want my project to be started through an class instead of a form, is there any way to do this? Or to be more precise is there any good way to make sure that the first class, except Program, that is started isn't a form-class. I tried to change to my class in Program.main() but it looks like Application.run() needs a ApplicationContext. I guess that I could change the Program-class to start another class and let that class start the form with Application.run() but I think that it will cause a lot of problem since I don't want the same form to be started first each time and Application.run() have to be used at least once and at most once. So I think it will be hard to keep track of if Application.run() has been used or not. Another question that might be even more important; Is this a good way to do things in .net? The reason I want to do so is because I want to create some sort of MVC project where the class I want to start with is the controller and all forms I'll use will be views.

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• Does operator precedence in C++ differ for pointers and iterators?

  - by oraz

  The code below demonstrates this difference: #include <iostream> #include <string> int main() { char s[] = "ABCD"; std::string str(s); char *p = s; while(*p) { *p++ = tolower(*p); // <-- incr after assignment } std::cout << s << std::endl; std::string::iterator it = str.begin(), end = str.end(); while(it != end) { *it++ = tolower(*it); // <-- incr before assignment ? } std::cout << str << std::endl; return 0; } the code above outputs: abcd bcd if we separate assignment operation and increment operator: while(it != end) { *it = tolower(*it); // <-- incr before assignment ? it++; } the output will be as expected. What's wrong with the original code? $ g++ --version g++ (GCC) 3.4.4 (cygming special, gdc 0.12, using dmd 0.125) Copyright (C) 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

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• std::thread and class constructor and destructor

  - by toeplitz

  When testing threads in C++11 I have created the following example: #include <iostream> #include <thread> class Foo { public: Foo(void) { std::cout << "Constructor called: " << this << std::endl; } ~Foo(void) { std::cout << "Destructor called: " << this << std::endl; } void operator()() const { std::cout << "Operatior called: " << this << std::endl; } }; void test_normal(void) { std::cout << "====> Standard example:" << std::endl; Foo f; } void test_thread(void) { std::cout << "====> Thread example:" << std::endl; Foo f; std::thread t(f); t.detach(); } int main(int argc, char **argv) { test_normal(); test_thread(); for(;;); } Which prints the following: Why is the destructor called 6 times for the thread? And why does the thread report different memory locations?

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• problem using 'as_json' in my model and 'render :json' => in my controller (rails)

  - by patrick

  Hi everyone. I am trying to create a unique json data structure, and I have run into a problem that I can't seem to figure out. In my controller, I am doing: favorite_ids = Favorites.all.map(&:photo_id) data = { :albums => PhotoAlbum.all.to_json, :photos => Photo.all.to_json(:favorite => lambda {|photo| favorite_ids.include?(photo.id)}) } render :json => data and in my model: def as_json(options = {}) { :name => self.name, :favorite => options[:favorite].is_a?(Proc) ? options[:favorite].call(self) : options[:favorite] } end The problem is, rails encodes the values of 'photos' & 'albums' (in my data hash) as JSON twice, and this breaks everything... The only way I could get this to work is if I call 'as_json' instead of 'to_json': data = { :albums => PhotoAlbum.all.as_json, :photos => Photo.all.as_json(:favorite => lambda {|photo| favorite_ids.include?(photo.id)}) } However, when I do this, my :favorite = lambda option no longer makes it into the model's as_json method.......... So, I either need a way to tell 'render :json' not to encode the values of the hash so I can use 'to_json' on the values myself, or I need a way to get the parameters passed into 'as_json' to actually show up there....... I hope someone here can help... Thanks!

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• Parsing string based on initial format

  - by Kayla

  I'm trying to parse a set of lines and extract certain parts of the string based on an initial format (reading a configuration file). A little more explanation: the format can contain up to 4 parts to be formatted. This case, %S will skip the part, %a-%c will extract the part and will be treated as a string, %d as int. What I am trying to do now is to come up with some clever way to parse it. So far I came up with the following prototype. However, my pointer arithmetic still needs some work to skip/extract the parts. Ultimately each part will be stored on an array of structs. Such as: struct st_temp { char *parta; char *partb; char *partc; char *partd; }; ... #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #define DIM(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof(*(x))) void process (const char *fmt, const char *line) { char c; const char *src = fmt; while ((c = *src++) != '\0') { if (c == 'S'); // skip part else if (c == 'a'); // extract %a else if (c == 'b'); // extract %b else if (c == 'c'); // extract %c else if (c == 'd'); // extract %d (int) else { printf("Unknown format\n"); exit(1); } } } static const char *input[] = { "bar 200.1 / / (zaz) - \"bon 10\"", "foo 100.1 / / (baz) - \"apt 20\"", }; int main (void) { const char *fmt = "%S %a / / (%b) - \"%c %d\""; size_t i; for(i = 0; i < DIM (input); i++) { process (fmt, input[i]); } return (0); }

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• How can pointers to functions point to something that doesn't exist in memory yet? Why do prototypes have different addresses?

  - by Kacy Raye

  To my knowledge, functions do not get added to the stack until run-time after they are called in the main function. So how can a pointer to a function have a function's memory address if it doesn't exist in memory? For example: using namespace std; #include <iostream> void func() { } int main() { void (*ptr)() = func; cout << reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr) << endl; //prints 0x8048644 even though func never gets added to the stack } Also, this next question is a little less important to me, so if you only know the answer to my first question, then that is fine. But anyway, why does the value of the pointer ( the memory address of the function ) differ when I declare a function prototype and implement the function after main? In the first example, it printed out 0x8048644 no matter how many times I ran the program. In the next example, it printed out 0x8048680 no matter how many times I ran the program. For example: using namespace std; #include <iostream> void func(); int main() { void ( *ptr )() = func; cout << reinterpret_cast<void*>(ptr) << endl; } void func(){ }

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• Store a signed long int (32bit) as 4 octets?

  - by Doori Bar

  I managed to get a unsigned long int octets-representation (BE) by reading IPv4 methods, and I managed to read about how signed integers are using the MSB as the sign indicator, which makes 00 00 00 00 to be 0, while 7F FF FF FF is 2147483647. But I can't manage how to do the same for signed long integers? #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main (void) { unsigned long int intu32; unsigned char octets[4]; intu32 = 255; octets[3] = (intu32) & 255; octets[2] = (intu32 >> 8) & 255; octets[1] = (intu32 >> 16) & 255; octets[0] = (intu32 >> 24) & 255; printf("(%d)(%d)(%d)(%d)\n", octets[0], octets[1], octets[2], octets[3]); intu32 = (octets[0] << 24) | (octets[1] << 16) | (octets[2] << 8) | octets[3]; printf("intu32:%lu\n", intu32); return 0; } Thanks in advance, Doori bar

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• Why in the world is this Moq + NUnit test failing?

  - by Dave Falkner

  I have this dataAccess mock object and I'm trying to verify that one of its methods is being invoked, and that the argument passed into this method fulfills certain constraints. As best I can tell, this method is indeed being invoked, and with the constraints fulfilled. This line of the test throws a MockException: data.Verify(d => d.InsertInvoice(It.Is<Invoice>(i => i.TermPaymentAmount == 0m)), Times.Once()); However, removing the constraint and accepting any invoice passes the test: data.Verify(d => d.InsertInvoice(It.IsAny<Invoice>()), Times.Once()); I've created a test windows form that instantiates this test class, runs its .Setup() method, and then calls the method which I am wishing to test. I insert a breakpoint on the line of code where the mock object is failing the test data.InsertInvoice(invoice); to actually hover over the invoice, and I can confirm that its .TermPaymentAmount decimal property is indeed zero at the time the method is invoked. Out of desperation, I even added a call back to my dataAccess mock: data.Setup(d => d.InsertInvoice(It.IsAny<Invoice>())).Callback((Invoice inv) => System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(inv.TermPaymentAmount.ToString("G17"))); And this gives me a message box showing "0". This is really baffling me, and no one else in my shop has been able to figure this out. Any help would be appreciated. A barely related question, which I should probably ask independently, is whether it is preferable to use Mock.Verify(...) as I have here, or to use Mock.Expect(...).Verifiable followed by Mock.VerifyAll() as I have seen other people doing? If the answer is situational, which situations would warrent the use of one over the other?

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• How to speed up drawing of scaled image? Audio playback chokes during window resize.

  - by Paperflyer

  I am writing an audio player for OSX. One view is a custom view that displays a waveform. The waveform is stored as a instance variable of type NSImage with an NSBitmapImageRep. The view also displays a progress indicator (a thick red line). Therefore, it is updated/redrawn every 30 milliseconds. Since it takes a rather long time to recalculate the image, I do that in a background thread after every window resize and update the displayed image once the new image is ready. In the meantime, the original image is scaled to fit the view like this: // The drawing rectangle is slightly smaller than the view, defined by // the two margins. NSRect drawingRect; drawingRect.origin = NSMakePoint(sideEdgeMarginWidth, topEdgeMarginHeight); drawingRect.size = NSMakeSize([self bounds].size.width-2*sideEdgeMarginWidth, [self bounds].size.height-2*topEdgeMarginHeight); [waveform drawInRect:drawingRect fromRect:NSZeroRect operation:NSCompositeSourceOver fraction:1]; The view makes up the biggest part of the window. During live resize, audio starts choking. Selecting the "big" graphic card on my Macbook Pro makes it less bad, but not by much. CPU utilization is somewhere around 20-40% during live resizes. Instruments suggests that rescaling/redrawing of the image is the problem. Once I stop resizing the window, CPU utilization goes down and audio stops glitching. I already tried to disable image interpolation to speed up the drawing like this: [[NSGraphicsContext currentContext] setImageInterpolation:NSImageInterpolationNone]; That helps, but audio still chokes during live resizes. Do you have an idea how to improve this? The main thing is to prevent the audio from choking.

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