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• span,div ,p element. What should I use and how?

  - by Cesar Lopez

  I have the following problem. I have a td which I need to add other three elements inside (span,div,p, or any other suggestion) in order to align the three elements inside one next to each other (the content of this elements is text). If all the elements contains a single line of text, then everything its fine. The problem comes when the first to are single line of text and third element contains more than one line of text, then text of third element it would go under first element, but I need it to go under third element. eg. Output desired. Title on element1: (subtitle on element 2) Text on element 3 with several lines of text. Actual output. Title on element1: (subtitle on element 2) Text on element 3 with several lines of text. html code sample <td> <span display="inline">Title on element1:</span> <span display="inline">(subtitle on element 2)</span> <span display="inline">Text on element 3 <br/> with several lines <br/> of text.</span> </td>

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• Any Alternate way for writing to a file other than ofstream

  - by Aditya

  Hi All, I am performing file operations (writeToFile) which fetches the data from a xml and writes into a output file(a1.txt). I am using MS Visual C++ 2008 and in windows XP. currently i am using this method of writing to output file.. 01.ofstreamhdr OutputFile; 02./* few other stmts / 03.hdrOutputFile.open(fileName, std::ios::out); 04. 05.hdrOutputFile << "#include \"commondata.h\""<< endl ; 06.hdrOutputFile << "#include \"Commonconfig.h\"" << endl ; 07.hdrOutputFile << "#include \"commontable.h\"" << endl << endl ; 08. hdrOutputFile << "#pragma pack(push,1)" << endl ; 09.hdrOutputFile << "typedef struct \n {" << endl ; 10./ simliar hdrOutputFiles statements... */.. I have around 250 lines to write.. Is any better way to perform this task. I want to reduce this hdrOutputFile and use a buffer to do this. Please guide me how to do that action. I mean, buff = "#include \"commontable.h\"" + "typedef struct \n {" + ....... hdrOutputFile << buff. is this way possible? Thanks Ramm

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• Troubleshooting multiple GET variables In PHP

  - by V413HAV

  This may be a very simple question but I don't what's the wrong thing am doing here... To explain you clearly, I've set a real simple example below: <ul> <li><a href="test.php?link1=true">Link 1</a></li> <li><a href="test.php?link2=true">Link 2</a></li> <li><a href="test.php?link3=true">Link 3</a></li> </ul> <?php if(isset($_GET['link1'])) { if(($_GET['link1']) == 'true') { echo 'This Is Link 1'; } } if(isset($_GET['link2'])) { if(($_GET['link2']) == 'true') { echo 'This Is Link 2'; } } if(isset($_GET['link3'])) { if(($_GET['link3']) == 'true') { echo 'This Is Link 3'; } } ?> This is a test.php page, here I've set 3 different arguments for $_GET, and show contents accordingly, now everything works perfect, the only thing am not understanding is how to block this kind of url say if user clicks on link 1 the url will be : http://localhost/test.php?link1=true And the Output of this url is This is Link 1 Now if I change this url to : http://localhost/test.php?link3=true&link2=true&link1=true And the Output what I get is This Is Link 1This Is Link 2This Is Link 3 Now this is ok here, but it's very annoying if someone types this and see's forms one below the other, any way I can stop this tampering?

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• xsl:template match doesn't find matches

  - by dmo

  I'm trying to convert some Xaml to HTML using the .NET XslCompiledTransform and am running into difficulties getting the xslt to match Xaml tags. For instance with this Xaml input: <FlowDocument PagePadding="5,0,5,0" AllowDrop="True" NumberSubstitution.CultureSource="User" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"> <Paragraph>a</Paragraph> </FlowDocument> And this xslt: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:msxsl="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" exclude-result-prefixes="msxsl" > <xsl:output method="html" indent="yes"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <html> <body> <xsl:apply-templates /> </body> </html> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="FlowDocument"> <xsl:apply-templates /> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="Paragraph" > <p> <xsl:apply-templates /> </p> </xsl:template> I get this output: <html> <body> a </body> </html> Rather than the expected: <html> <body> <p>a</p> </body> </html> Could this be a problem with the namespace? This is my first attempt at an xsl transform, so I'm at a loss.

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• Circumvent c++ null-terminated string frustration

  - by ypnos

  I'm using boost::program_options and it suffers from the same as many other c++ libs, even std itself: It still uses C-style null-terminated strings, because nobody really likes the weak std::string. The method in question is: options_description_easy_init& operator()(const char* name, const value_semantic* s, const char* description); The typical use case is just fine: options.add_options() ("graphical", bool_switch(&isGraphical)->default_value(false), "Show any graphical output during runtime") However, I need the name of the option to be set dynamically. The reason is that in some cases I nead a custom prefix, which is added to the string by my function std::string key(const std::string& k): options.add_options() (key("graphical"), bool_switch(&isGraphical)->default_value(false), "Show any graphical output during runtime") This fails. I could now use c_str() on the std::string but that's evil -- I don't know how long program_options keeps the variable around and if my string is still alive when needed. I could also reserve memory in a buffer etc. and hand in that. The buffer is never freed and it sucks/is evil. Is there anything else I can do to circumvent the C-style string mess in this situation?

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• Problem when compressing SWF in Linux with java.util.zip

  - by CaioToOn

  Hi! I've created a servlet that changes the binaries of a SWF file and output it to the user. The SWF is compressed by ZLIB by default. Then I inflate, change the binaries, deflate and output the result. Everything was running right on a Windows Server 2008 (also in 2003). Currently, we need change the server to Linux, and then, this servlet is somehow outputing a corrupted SWF File... what could be the problem? What intrigues me more is that there is no difference between the Windows and Linux servlet versions. Is there any undocumented linux specific behaviour for the java.util.zip package? My Windows Server is (where the servlet is working): Windows Server 2008 (6.0 - x86) Apache 2.2.11 Tomcat 6.0.16.0 Java JDK 1.6.0_12-b04 My CentOS Server is (where te servlet doesn't work) CentOS 5.4 (2.6.18-164.15.1.el5 - i386) Apache 2.2.3 Tomcat 6.0.16.0 Java JDK 1.6.0_12-b04 Any lead would be appreciated! Cheers, CaioToOn!

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• Where can I find a powerful, standards compliant, web-based interactive org chart API?

  - by Adam Soltys

  Hi, I'm looking to build an interactive web-based org chart for a large organization. I somewhat like the interface at ancestry.com where you can hover over people and pan/zoom around and click on different nodes to make them the root. Ideally, I'd like it if people could belong to multiple organizational entities like committees, working groups, etc. In other words the API should support graphs in general, not just trees. I'd like to be able to visually explode each organizational substructure into substituents by clicking on it, with a nice animation of the employees ballooning or spilling out so you can really interactively drill down through the organization. I found http://code.google.com/apis/visualization/documentation/gallery/orgchart.html but it looks a bit rudimentary. I know there are desktop tools like OrgPlus and Visio that can build static charts but I'm really looking for a free, web-based API with open standards-based output like SVG or HTML5 Canvas elements rather than Flash or some proprietary output. Something I can embed into a custom web application and style myself. Something interactive.

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• solving problems recursively in C

  - by Harry86

  Our professor gave us the following assignment: A "correct" series is one inwhich the sum of its members equals to the index of its first member. The program is supposed to find the length of the LONGEST "correct" series within a series of n numbers. for example: if the input series would be arr[4]={1, 1, 0, 0} the output (longest "correct" series) would be 3. arr[0]=1. 0!=1 therefore the longest series here is 0. arr[1]=1,and 1=1. but the follwing members also sum up to 1 as shown below: 1=arr[1]+arr[2]+arr[3] = 1+ 0 + 0, therefore the longest series here is 3. the output in this example is 3. That's what I got so far: int solve(int arr[], int index, int length,int sum_so_far) { int maxwith,maxwithout; if(index==length) return 0; maxwith = 1+ solve(arr,index+1,length,sum_so_far+arr[index]); maxwithout = solve(arr,index+1,length,arr[index+1]); if(sum_so_far+arr[index]==index) if(maxwith>maxwithout) return maxwith; return maxwithout; return 0; } int longestIndex(int arr[], int index,int length) { return solve(arr,0,length,0); } What am I doing wrong here? Thanks a lot for your time... Harry

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• The different of SHA512 between openssl and php

  - by solomon_wzs

  Here is C code: #include <openssl/sha.h> #include <stdio.h> char *hash_sha512(char *data){ SHA512_CTX ctx; char *md=malloc(sizeof(char)*(SHA512_DIGEST_LENGTH+1)); SHA512_Init(&ctx); SHA512_Update(&ctx, data, strlen(data)); SHA512_Final(md, &ctx); md[SHA512_DIGEST_LENGTH]='\0'; return md; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ str=hash_sha512("GFLOuJnR19881218"); printf("%s\n", str); free(str); return 1; } The output: ?<?4????IIA[r?? ?#? 6p?8jD????J?b9?????^X? Here is PHP code: $hash=hash('sha512', 'GFLOuJnR19881218', TRUE); The output: ?<??4??j??II?-A[r???? ??#??D6p?8jD???????J?b9?????^X? The results of C code and PHP code are different, what is wrong with my code?

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• HTTP post using php and curl failing

  - by user2916484

  I am trying to send an XML file to an external system. I am using the below code for doing so, which I got over the internet. But I observed that when i put an echo on the xml variable, it does not show me the XML as a string, but it is parsing the xml and showing me the values. Same is happening when I am sending this to external system. Which is failing. Can you please tell me a way, in which the XML is not parsed and I can send the entire XML text as a string to external system? My code is below. <?php $xml = '<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding="UTF-8" ?><shiporder><orderID>1234</orderID> <orderperson>John Smith</orderperson></shiporder>'; $xml2 = ''; $headers = array( "Content-type: text/xml", "Content-length: " . strlen($xml), "Connection: close", ); // give the path of the Third party site $url = "http://<server>:<port>/XMII/Illuminator?service=WSMessageListener&mode=WSMessageListenerServer&NAME=shiporder&IllumLoginName=<name>&IllumLoginPassword=<pswd>"; echo $xml; echo $url; $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL,$url); //curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_MUTE, 1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 10); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $xml); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); $output = curl_exec($ch); echo $output; curl_close($ch); ?> Regards, Gita

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• Subquery with multiple results combined into a single field?

  - by Todd

  Assume I have these tables, from which i need to display search results in a browser: Table: Containers id | name 1 Big Box 2 Grocery Bag 3 Envelope 4 Zip Lock Table: Sale id | date | containerid 1 20100101 1 2 20100102 2 3 20091201 3 4 20091115 4 Table: Items id | name | saleid 1 Barbie Doll 1 2 Coin 3 3 Pop-Top 4 4 Barbie Doll 2 5 Coin 4 I need output that looks like this: itemid itemname saleids saledates containerids containertypes 1 Barbie Doll 1,2 20100101,20100102 1,2 Big Box, Grocery Bag 2 Coin 3,4 20091201,20091115 3,4 Envelope, Zip Lock 3 Pop-Top 4 20091115 4 Zip Lock The important part is that each item type only gets one record/row in the return on the screen. I accomplished this in the past by returning multiple rows of the same item and using a scripting language to limit the output. However, this makes the ui overly complicated and loopy. So, I'm hoping I can get the database to spit out only as many records as there are rows to display. This example may be a bit extreme because of the 2 joins needed to get to the container from the item (through the sale table). I'd be happy for just an example query that outputs this: itemid itemname saleids saledates 1 Barbie Doll 1,2 20100101,20100102 2 Coin 3,4 20091201,20091115 3 Pop-Top 4 20091115 I can only return a single result in a subquery, so I'm not sure how to do this.

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• Looking for an email template engine for end-users ...

  - by RizwanK

  We have a number of customers that we have to send monthly invoices too. Right now, I'm managing a codebase that does SQL queries against our customer database and billing database and places that data into emails - and sends it. I grow weary of maintaining this every time we want to include a new promotion or change our customer service phone numbers. So, I'm looking for a replacement to move more of this into the hands of those requesting the changes. In my ideal world, I need : A WYSIWYG (man, does anyone even say that anymore?) email editor that generates templates based upon the output from a Database Query. The ability to drag and drop various fields from the database query into the email template. Display of sample email results with the database query. Web application, preferably not requiring IIS. Involve as little code as possible for the end-user, but allow basic functionality (i.e. arrays/for loops) Either comes with it's own email delivery engine, or writes output in a way that I can easily write a Python script to deliver the email. Support for generic Database Connectors. (I need MSSQL and MySQL) F/OSS So ... can anyone suggest a project like this, or some tools that'd be useful for rolling my own? (My current alternative idea is using something like ERB or Tenjin, having them write the code, but not having live-preview for the editor would suck...)

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• Polling a web URL until event

  - by Jaxo

  I'm really sorry about the crappy title - if anybody has a better way of wording it, please edit it! I basically need to have a C# application run a function if the output of a URL is a certain value. For example, if the website says blue the background colour will be blue, red to make it red, etc. The problem is I don't want to spam my webserver with checks. The 4 bytes it downloads each time is negligible, but if I were to deploy this type of system on multiple computers, it would get slower and slower and the bandwidth would add up quickly. So my question is: How can my desktop application run a piece of code only when a web URL has a different output without checking each time? I can't use sockets, and any sort of LAN protocol won't end up working. My reasoning behind this potentially nefarious code is to be able to mute computers by updating a file on the website (as you may have seen in my previous question today, sorry!). I'd like it to be rather quick, and not have the refresh time minutes apart, a few seconds at the most would be ideal. How can I accomplish this? The website's code is easy, but getting the C# application to check when it changes is the part I'm stuck on. Nothing shows up on the website other than the command. Thanks!

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• fopen / fopen_s and writing to files

  - by yCalleecharan

  Hi, I'm using fopen in C to write the output to a text file. The function declaration is (where ARRAY_SIZE has been defined earlier): void create_out_file(char file_name[],long double *z1){ FILE *out; int i; if((out = fopen(file_name, "w+")) == NULL){ fprintf(stderr, "* Open error on output file %s", file_name); exit(-1); } for(i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE; i++) fprintf(out, "%.16Le\n", z1[i]); fclose(out); } My questions: On compilation with MVS2008 I get the warning: warning C4996: 'fopen': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using fopen_s instead. I haven't see much information on fopen_s so that I can change my code. Any suggestions? Can one instruct fprintf to write at desired precision? If I'm using long double then I assume that my answers are good till 15 digits after the decimal point. Am I right? Thanks a lot...

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• Qt XQuery into a QStringList

  - by Stewart

  Hi, I'm trying to use QtXmlQuery to extract some data from XML. I'd like to put this into a QStringList. I try the following: QByteArray in = "this is where my xml lives"; QBuffer received; received.setData(in); received.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly); QXmlQuery query; query.bindVariable("data", &received); query.setQuery(NAMESPACE //contains definition of the t namespace "doc($data)//t:service/t:serviceID/text()"); QBuffer outb; outb.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite); QXmlSerializer s(query, &outb); query.evaluateTo(&s); qDebug() << "buffer" << outb.data(); //This works perfectly! QStringList * queryResult = new QStringList(); query.evaluateTo(queryResult); qDebug() << "string list" << *queryResult; //This gives me no output! As you can see, everything works fine when I send the output into a QBuffer via a QXmlSerializer... but I get nothing when I try to use a QStringList.

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• Ruby - Writing Hpricot data to a file

  - by John

  Hey everyone, I am currently doing some XML parsing and I've chosen to use Hpricot because of it's ease of use and syntax, however I am running into some problems. I need to write a piece of XML data that I have found out to another file. However, when I do this the format is not preserved. For example, if the content should look like this: <dict> <key>item1</key><value>12345</value> <key>item2</key><value>67890</value> <key>item3</key><value>23456</value> </dict> And assuming that there are many entries like this in the document. I am iterating through the 'dict' items by using hpricot_element = Hpricot(xml_document_body) f = File.new('some_new_file.xml') (hpricot_element/:dict).each { |dict| f.write( dict.to_original_html ) } After using the above code, I would expect that the output look like the following exactly like the XML shown above. However to my surprise, the output of the file looks more like this: <dict>\n", " <key>item1</key><value>12345</value>\n", " <key>item2</key><value>67890</value>\n", " <key>item3</key><value>23456</value\n", " </dict> I've tried splitting at the "\n" characters and writing to the file one line at a time, but that didn't seem to work either as it did not recognize the "\n" characters. Any help is greatly appreciated. It might be a very simple solution, but I am having troubling finding it. Thanks!

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• compact XSLT code to drop N number of tags if all are null.

  - by infant programmer

  This is my input xml: <root> <node1/> <node2/> <node3/> <node4/> <othertags/> </root> The output must be: <root> <othertags/> </root> if any of the 4 nodes isn't null then none of the tags must be dropped. example: <root> <node1/> <node2/> <node3/> <node4>sample_text</node4> <othertags/> </root> Then the output must be same as input xml. <root> <node1/> <node2/> <node3/> <node4>sample_text</node4> <othertags/> </root> This is the XSL code I have designed :: <xsl:template match="@*|node()"> <xsl:copy> <xsl:apply-templates select="@*|node()"/> </xsl:copy> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="/root/node1[.='' and ../node2/.='' and ../node3/.='' and ../node4/.=''] |/root/node2[.='' and ../node1/.='' and ../node3/.='' and ../node4/.=''] |/root/node3[.='' and ../node1/.='' and ../node2/.='' and ../node4/.=''] |/root/node4[.='' and ../node1/.='' and ../node2/.='' and ../node3/.='']"/> As you can see the code requires more effort and becomes more bulky as the number of nodes increase. Is there any alternative way to overcome this bottleneck?

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• Synfony2 validation changes invalid integer to 0

  - by Craig

  I've added validation to a form and found that in some cases it is losing the invalid data I am feeding it and saving 0s instead. The output at the bottom shows that if I post the latitude as 'zzzzzz' (clearly not a number nor between -90 and 90) the form is declared as valid and saved with the value 0 How can that happen given that I have declared the input must be a number? ProxyType.php buildForm() $builder ->add('siteName', null, array('label' => 'Site name')) .... ->add('latitude', 'number', array('label' => 'Latitude')) ->add('longitude', 'number', array('label' => 'Longitude')) .... ; ProxyController.php createAction .... $postData = $request->request->get('niwa_pictbundle_proxytype'); $this->get('logger')->info('Posted latitude = '.$postData['latitude']); $form = $this->createForm(new ProxyType(), $entity); $form->bindRequest($request); if ($form->isValid()) { $this->get('logger')->info('Form declared valid : latlong ('.$entity->getLatitude().','.$entity->getLongitude().')'); .... validation.yml Acme\PictBundle\Entity\Proxy: properties: longitude: - Min: { limit: -180 } - Max: { limit: 180 } latitude: - Max: { limit: 90 } - Min: { limit: -90 } Output [2012-09-28 02:05:30] app.INFO: Posted latitude = zzzzzz [] [] [2012-09-28 02:05:30] app.INFO: Form declared valid : latlong (0,0) [] []

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• "end()" iterator for back inserters?

  - by Thanatos

  For iterators such as those returned from std::back_inserter(), is there something that can be used as an "end" iterator? This seems a little nonsensical at first, but I have an API which is: template<typename InputIterator, typename OutputIterator> void foo( InputIterator input_begin, InputIterator input_end, OutputIterator output_begin, OutputIterator output_end ); foo performs some operation on the input sequence, generating an output sequence. (Who's length is known to foo but may or may not be equal to the input sequence's length.) The taking of the output_end parameter is the odd part: std::copy doesn't do this, for example, and assumes you're not going to pass it garbage. foo does it to provide range checking: if you pass a range too small, it throws an exception, in the name of defensive programming. (Instead of potentially overwriting random bits in memory.) Now, say I want to pass foo a back inserter, specifically one from a std::vector which has no limit outside of memory constraints. I still need a "end" iterator - in this case, something that will never compare equal. (Or, if I had a std::vector but with a restriction on length, perhaps it might sometimes compare equal?) How do I go about doing this? I do have the ability to change foo's API - is it better to not check the range, and instead provide an alternate means to get the required output range? (Which would be needed anyways for raw arrays, but not required for back inserters into a vector.) This would seem less robust, but I'm struggling to make the "robust" (above) work.

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• How can I ignore the block content reading in Perl.

  - by Nano HE

  Hello. I plan to ignore the block content which include the start line of "MaterializeU4()" with the subroutin() read_block below. But failed. # Read a constant definition block from a file handle. # void return when there is no data left in the file. # Otherwise return an array ref containing lines to in the block. sub read_block { my $fh = shift; my @lines; my $block_started = 0; while( my $line = <$fh> ) { # how to correct my code below? I don't need the 2nd block content. $block_started++ if ( ($line =~ /^(status)/) && (index($line, "MaterializeU4") != 0) ) ; if( $block_started ) { last if $line =~ /^\s*$/; push @lines, $line; } } return \@lines if @lines; return; } Data as below: __DATA__ status DynTest = <dynamic 100> vid = 10002 name = "DynTest" units = "" status VIDNAME9000 = <U4 MaterializeU4()> vid = 9000 name = "VIDNAME9000" units = "degC" status DynTest = <U1 100> vid = 100 name = "Hello" units = "" Output: <StatusVariables> <SVID logicalName="DynTest" type="L" value="100" vid="10002" name="DynTest" units=""></SVID> <SVID logicalName="VIDNAME9000" type="L" value="MaterializeU4()" vid="9000" name="VIDNAME9000" units="degC"></SVID> <SVID logicalName="DynTest" type="L" value="100" vid="100" name="Hello" units=""></SVID> </StatusVariables> [Updated] I print the value of index($line, "MaterializeU4"), it output 25. Then I updated the code as below $block_started++ if ( ($line =~ /^(status)/) && (index($line, "MaterializeU4") != 25) Now it works. Any comments are welcome about my practice. Thank you.

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• How can I skip some block content while reading in Perl.

  - by Nano HE

  Hello. I plan to skip the block content which include the start line of "MaterializeU4()" with the subroutin() read_block below. But failed. # Read a constant definition block from a file handle. # void return when there is no data left in the file. # Otherwise return an array ref containing lines to in the block. sub read_block { my $fh = shift; my @lines; my $block_started = 0; while( my $line = <$fh> ) { # how to correct my code below? I don't need the 2nd block content. $block_started++ if ( ($line =~ /^(status)/) && (index($line, "MaterializeU4") != 0) ) ; if( $block_started ) { last if $line =~ /^\s*$/; push @lines, $line; } } return \@lines if @lines; return; } Data as below: __DATA__ status DynTest = <dynamic 100> vid = 10002 name = "DynTest" units = "" status VIDNAME9000 = <U4 MaterializeU4()> vid = 9000 name = "VIDNAME9000" units = "degC" status DynTest = <U1 100> vid = 100 name = "Hello" units = "" Output: <StatusVariables> <SVID logicalName="DynTest" type="L" value="100" vid="10002" name="DynTest" units=""></SVID> <SVID logicalName="VIDNAME9000" type="L" value="MaterializeU4()" vid="9000" name="VIDNAME9000" units="degC"></SVID> <SVID logicalName="DynTest" type="L" value="100" vid="100" name="Hello" units=""></SVID> </StatusVariables> [Updated] I print the value of index($line, "MaterializeU4"), it output 25. Then I updated the code as below $block_started++ if ( ($line =~ /^(status)/) && (index($line, "MaterializeU4") != 25) Now it works. Any comments are welcome about my practice. Thank you.

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• Help me sort programing languages a bit

  - by b-gen-jack-o-neill

  Hi, so I asked here few days ago about C# and its principles. Now, if I may, I have some additional general questions about some languages, becouse for novice like me, it seems a bit confusing. To be exact I want to ask more about language functions capabilities than syntax and so. To be honest, its just these special functions that bothers me and make me so confused. For exmaple, C has its printf(), Pascal has writeln() and so. I know in basic the output in assembler of these funtions would be similiar, every language has more or less its special functions. For console output, for file manipulation, etc. But all these functions are de-facto part of its OS API, so why is for example in C distinguished between C standard library functions and (on Windows) WinAPI functions when even printf() has to use some Windows feature, call some of its function to actually show desired text on console window, becouse the actuall "showing" is done by OS. Where is the line between language functions and system API? Now languages I dont quite understand - Python, Ruby and similiar. To be more specific, I know they are similiar to java and C# in term they are compiled into bytecode. But, I do not unerstand what are its capabilities in term of building GUI applications. I saw tutorial for using Ruby to program GUI applications on Linux and Windows. But isn´t that just some kind of upgrade? I mean fram other tutorials It seemed like these languages was first intended for small scripts than building big applications. I hope you understand why I am confused. If you do, please help me sort it out a bit, I have no one to ask.

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• How can I create an Assembly program WITHOUT using libraries?

  - by Newbie

  Hello. I've literally only just started looking to learn Assembly language. I'm using the NASM assembler on Windows Vista. Usually, when I begin to learn a new language, I'll copy someone else's Hello World code and try to understand it line-by-line. However, I'm finding it suprisingy difficult to find a Hello World program that doesn't reference other libraries! You see, there's no point trying to understand each line of the code if it is closely linked with a whole library of additional code! One of the reasons I want to learn Assembly is so that I can have near complete control over the programs I write. I don't want to be depending on any libraries. And so my question is this: Can anyone give me NASM-compatible Assembly code to a completely stand-alone Hello World program that can output to the Windows Vista console? Alternatively, I appreciate that a library may be required to tell the pogram WHERE to print the output (ie. the Windows console). Other than that, I can't see why any libraries should be required. Am I overlooking anything?

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• Accessing variables with different scope in C++

  - by Portablejim

  With #include <iostream> using namespace std; int a = 1; int main() { int a = 2; if(true) { int a = 3; cout << a << " " << ::a // Can I access a = 2 here? << " " << ::a << endl; } cout << a << " " << ::a << endl; } having the output 3 1 1 2 1 Is there a way to access the 'a' equal to 2 inside the if statement where there is the 'a' equal to 3, with the output 3 2 1 2 1 Note: I know this should not be done (and the code should not get to the point where I need to ask). This question is more "can it be done".

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• replacing elements horizontally and vertically in a 2D array

  - by wello horld

  the code below ask for the user's input for the 2D array size and prints out something like this: (say an 18x6 grid) .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. code starts here: #include <stdio.h> #define MAX 10 int main() { char grid[MAX][MAX]; int i,j,row,col; printf("Please enter your grid size: "); scanf("%d %d", &row, &col); for (i = 0; i < row; i++) { for (j = 0; j < col; j++) { grid[i][j] = '.'; printf("%c ", grid[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } return 0; } I now ask the user for a string, then ask them where to put it for example: Please enter grid size: 18 6 Please enter word: Hello Please enter location: 0 0 Output: Hello............. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Please enter location: 3 4 Output: .................. .................. .................. ..Hello........... .................. .................. program just keeps going. Any thoughts on how to modify the code for this? PS: Vertical seems way hard, but I want to start on horizontal first to have something to work on.

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