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  • Folder permissions when using /etc/skel and pam

    - by rothgar
    I have a Red Hat 5.8 server that is bound to active directory and users are authenticated via active directory when they log in via sftp. User home folders are created during login using /etc/pam.d/system-auth. The specific line that creates the home folder is session optional pam_mkhomedir.so skel=/etc/skel/ umask=0066 This correctly gives home folders 711 permissions so no one else can read their directories. The problem is, the pam_mkhomedir.so also modifies permissions on all folders/files inside the /etc/skel folder which I don't want. There is a public_html folder (for apache) which needs to have 755 permissions so users can create web pages. Is there a way for me to either a) stop pam_mkhomedir.so from recursively changing all the file permissions or b) create a script that creates the public_html folder after skel is copied and to set the correct permissions?

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  • Moving from Ubuntu desktop to Ubuntu Server via SSH

    - by Daniel Elessedil Kjeserud
    So a little while ago I installed regular Ubuntu for a home server, but that gave me a lot of extra packages. What I should have done was to install Ubuntu Server, since I don't even own a screen to connect to it. Does anybody know of a way to convert my Ubuntu machine to a Ubuntu Server machine in one big swoop? It has to be done over SSH, since I don't have a screen to connect to it, like I said. It's currently running 9.10, about to be upgraded to 10.4.

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  • second ip address on the same interface but on a different subnet

    - by fptstl
    Is it possible in CentOS 5.7 64bit to have a second IP address on one interface (eg. eth0) - alias interface configuration - in a different subnet? Here is the original config for eth0 more etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 # Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5721 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=192.168.91.255 HWADDR=00:1D:09:FE:DA:04 IPADDR=192.168.91.250 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.91.0 ONBOOT=yes And here is the config for eth0:0 more etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:0 # Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5721 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express DEVICE=eth0:0 BOOTPROTO=static BROADCAST=10.10.191.255 DNS1=10.10.15.161 DNS2=10.10.18.36 GATEWAY=10.10.191.254 HWADDR=00:1D:09:FE:DA:04 IPADDR=10.10.191.210 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=10.39.191.0 ONPARENT=yes How would the resolv.conf file should change since there are two different gateways? Any other change needed?

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  • List all symbolic links on a directory

    - by Mathias
    Hey, a short question: is it possible to list all symbolic links onto a directory other than running a find over the whole filesystem? Background: I have a directory containing a lot of different versions of a library and I'd like to do some cleanup work and delete the versions which weren't used in any projects. Thanks, Mathias

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  • "TCP Sweep" - What is it? How am I causing it?

    - by Stephen Melrose
    Hi there, I've just had an email from my hosting company telling me I'm in violation of their Acceptable Use Policy. They forwarded me an email from another company complaining about something to do with a "TCP sweep of port 22". They included a snippet from their logs, 20:29:43 <MY_SERVER_IP> 0.0.0.0 [TCP-SWEEP] (total=325,dp=22,min=212.1.191.0,max=212.1.191.255,Mar21-20:26:34,Mar21-20:26:34) (USI-amsxaid01) Now, my server knowledge is limited at best, and I've absolutely no idea what this is or what could be causing it. Any help would be greatly appreciated! Thank you

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  • Determine the time difference between two linux servers

    - by Paul
    I am troubleshooting a latency network issue on a network. It is probably a nic or cabling issue, but while I was going through the process of figuring it out, I was looking at the timings of a ping packet leaving a network card and arriving at another server. Both linux. So I have tcpdump running on both, and I issue a ping from one to the other, and back again, and looking at the timing differences might have shed light on where the latency is coming from. It is an academic exercise now, as I need to eliminate some more fundamental causes, but I was curious as to how this could be achieved. Given that ntpd is installed and running on two servers, how can I confirm the current time discrepency between the two servers, to whatever level of accuracy is possible - given that we are talking about latency on a local lan, which is ideally a millisecond or so. NTP itself is accurate to a couple of ms under good conditions, and as both servers are in the same environment, they should (presumably) achieve a similar level of accuracy, and so should have a time discrepency between them of a only few ms - but how can I check this?

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  • Squid Authentication & streaming

    - by Steve Butler
    I've got squid setup using Kerberos authentication. I'm also using squidguard as an URL redirector to block out the usual nastiness of the web. There are some sites though that we allow certain users to, and others not. This all works well, assuming I'm not using any streaming. From what i can determine from the squid logs and the wireshark traces I've done, when the initial request to stream is sent, everything is good, the authenticated username is sent with the request to squidguard. The problem is that on subsequent traffic the username is not sent to squidguard, causing it to be blocked based on default policy. I've tried using the squid built-in allow/deny stuff, but its relatively clunky, and so far squidguard has been pretty easy and fast. Here comes the question(s): How do i get Squid to pass username on all requests? (something tells me this isn't the best way) How do i get squidguard to see traffic is authenticated to a specific user even when a username isn't passed? Is there any other way of accomplishing this? A few details that may be of importance: I'm using a list of users stored in a text file for squidguard to compare against. I'm using full kerberos auth with Squid. CentOS 6.0 Squid 3.1.4 Squidguard 1.3

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  • Missing over 100GB of Space on sda1 RHEL

    - by WifiGhost
    I have a server setup with a RAID 5 using (3) 500GB drives, 1 as a spare so unused in the RAID. So in my mind i start out with 990GB with the RAID 5 in place. When looking at DF or the built in disk space utility i only see a total of about 882GB, how can i find where the 100+GB went? How can i get it back? I've checked the RAID 5 BIOS and i see all the space. I've tried looking manually and through terminal commands with no luck. Filesystem - 1K-blocks - Used Available - Use% - Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_web-lv_root 838084192 48368700 747153060 7% / tmpfs 12104644 592 12104052 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 495844 121546 348698 26% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_web-lv_home 82569904 259136 78116468 1% /home Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_web-lv_root 800G 47G 713G 7% / tmpfs 12G 592K 12G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 119M 341M 26% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_web-lv_home 79G 254M 75G 1% /home

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  • Limit rate of outgoing UDP packets per second

    - by tim82
    Hi, since Teamspeak version 3 sends lots of packets per user and our provider is getting problems with his infrastructure above 20.000 packets per second we have to limit it that our servers are not going to be shut down. Red a lot about iptables but was not able to find the right rules. Could you give me an advise how to manage that the server is not going to send more than 19k packets per seconds? We are running on debian 4 Thanks in Advance Tim

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  • Is it possible to skip .rvmrc confirmation?

    - by Viacheslav Molokov
    We are using RVM for managing Ruby installations and environments. Usually we are using this .rvmrc script: #!/bin/bash if [ ! -e '.version' ]; then VERSION=`pwd | sed 's/[a-z/-]//g'` echo $VERSION > .version rvm gemset create $VERSION fi VERSION=`cat .version` rvm use 1.9.2@$VERSION This script forces RVM to create new gem environment for each our project/version. But each time we was deploying new version RVM asks us to confirm new .rvmrc file. When we cd to this directory first time, we are getting something like: =============================================================== = NOTICE: = =============================================================== = RVM has encountered a not yet trusted .rvmrc file in the = = current working directory which may contain nasty code. = = = = Examine the contents of this file to be sure the contents = = are good before trusting it! = = = = Press 'q' to exit the reader when finished reading the file = =============================================================== (press enter to continue when ready) This is not as bad for development environments, but with auto deploy it require to manually confirm each new version on each server. Is it possible to skip this confirmation?

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  • XTerm and a bold text

    - by user610378
    This is my Xterm config: XTerm*saveLines: 512 XTerm*reverseVideo: false XTerm*reverseWrap: true XTerm*fullCursor: true XTerm*scrollTtyOutput: on XTerm*scrollKey: on XTerm*eightBitInput: false XTerm*pointerColor: white XTerm*pointerShape: left_ptr XTerm*charClass: 37:48,45-47:48,58:48,64:48,126:48 XTerm*cursorColor: rgb:aa/aa/aa XTerm*cursorColor2: black XTerm*color0: rgb:71/71/71 XTerm*color1: rgb:cd/00/00 XTerm*color2: rgb:b4/cd/00 XTerm*color3: rgb:cd/cd/00 XTerm*color4: rgb:71/71/71 XTerm*color5: rgb:cd/00/cd XTerm*color6: rgb:00/cd/cd XTerm*color7: rgb:e5/e5/e5 XTerm*color8: rgb:4c/4c/4c XTerm*color9: rgb:ff/00/00 XTerm*color10: rgb:55/ac/55 XTerm*color11: rgb:ff/ff/00 XTerm*color12: rgb:46/82/b4 XTerm*color13: rgb:ff/00/ff XTerm*color14: rgb:00/ff/ff XTerm*color15: rgb:ff/ff/ff XTerm*colorBD: white XTerm*colorUL: SkyBlue XTerm*colorBDMode: on XTerm*colorULMode: on XTerm*underLine: on XTerm*background: rgb:30/0a/24 XTerm*foreground: white XTerm*font: -*-monospace-medium-r-normal-9-140-*-*-m-*-* XTerm*font1: 5x7 XTerm*font2: 6x10 XTerm*font3: fixed XTerm*font4: 9x15 XTerm*ScrollBar.Background: gray XTerm*ScrollBar.thickness: 0 XTerm*ScrollBar.foreground: gray XTerm*ScrollBar: false XTerm*ScrollBar.DrawBorder: false XTerm*loginShell: true XTerm*faceName: Mono XTerm*faceSize: 9 Could anyone say is it possible to make bold some text, wich color is e.g. color1 from my config? I've tried XTerm*color1: rgb:cd/00/00 bold, but this doesn't work.

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  • Secondary IP (eth0:0) acts like main server IP

    - by George Tasioulis
    I have a CentOS server, configured with 4 consecutive IPs: eth0 5.x.x.251 eth0:0 5.x.x.252 eth0:1 5.x.x.253 eth0:2 5.x.x.254 The problem is that all traffic goes out to the internet with eth0:0 (5.x.x.252) as the source IP, instead of eth0. # curl ifconfig.me 5.x.x.252 How can I fix this, so that all traffic goes out via eth0, ie my main IP? PS: My server is VPS running on a Xen dom0, the latter being configured in routed mode networking. Thanks in advance! Server configuration # ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:x:x:x:x:AE inet addr:5.x.x.251 Bcast:5.x.x.255 Mask:255.255.255.255 inet6 addr: fe80::x:x:x:x/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:14675569 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:9463227 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4122016502 (3.8 GiB) TX bytes:25959110751 (24.1 GiB) Interrupt:23 eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:x:x:x:x:AE inet addr:5.x.x.252 Bcast:5.x.x.255 Mask:255.255.255.224 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Interrupt:23 eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:x:x:x:x:AE inet addr:5.x.x.253 Bcast:5.x.x.255 Mask:255.255.255.224 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Interrupt:23 eth0:2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:x:x:x:x:AE inet addr:5.x.x.254 Bcast:5.x.x.255 Mask:255.255.255.224 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 Interrupt:23 # cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 5.x.x.251 [fqdn] [hostname] # cat ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=5.x.x.251 NETMASK=255.255.255.224 SCOPE="peer 5.x.y.82" # cat ifcfg-eth0:0 DEVICE=eth0:0 BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=5.x.x.252 NETMASK=255.255.255.224 # cat route-eth0 ADDRESS0=0.0.0.0 NETMASK0=0.0.0.0 GATEWAY0=5.x.y.82 # netstat -rn Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 5.x.y.82 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth0 5.x.x.224 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.224 U 0 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 5.x.y.82 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

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  • Ubuntu, trouble getting back from lock screen

    - by Navid
    My problem is that after being idle for a while, the screen is locked and after this happened I get a black screen from which I can't get rid of. I mean after black screen comes, typing and moving mouse does not bring any new screen, and even alt+ctrl+F1 to F7 changes nothing. All I can do is to restart the system. Can anybody help me with this?

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  • Ubuntu 10.04 Keyboard and Mouse Freezing Problem

    - by nitbuntu
    I had a partition setup with Windows XP and Ubuntu 8.04 dual booting. I recently upgraded to Ubuntu 10.04 by installing fresh from CD but leaving the previous /home folder as is. Things seemed to be working fine, but started finding that my mouse and keyboard were freezing. After a quick search on the internet, I found the following suggestions as shown here:- Ubuntu Forums Here the suggestion was to:- Edit /etc/default/grub, go to the line that begins like: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT= Change it to: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi=off" After that, run this command: sudo update-grub and Reboot This seemed to have resolved the issue but after a couple of days I again find my mouse and keyboard freezing. I also find that my parallel port printer had also stopped working. I have saved the output of dmesg and my syslog. The first can be viewed here but the syslog had too many characters, so if someone can suggest an alternative to freetexthost, I can post it there. Moreover, if there is any other information that should be provided, do let me know. I do hope we can get to the bottom of this issue. Thank you in advance for any help that could be provided.

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  • How do I remove Xen kernel and put normal kernel on RHEL 5

    - by yan bellavance
    I have 3 identical machines (hardware wise) that all have RHEL 5.3 installed. 2 of those machines have the Xen kernel and one doesnt. I cannot install nvidia drivers on the ones that have the xen kernel and so I was wondering how I managed to do this and how to replace them with normal kernels. Could this of happened during install time when for example I was queried on certain components to install? (development,virtualization, webserver)

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  • 2 nics. 2 Defaults Gateways

    - by andre.dias
    Here is my scenario: i have this server with 2 nics, each one with different IPs, connected to differents routers. Almost everything is configured whe way i need. Traffic coming from eth0 exits using eth0, traffic coming from eth1 exits using eth1. And there is a default gateway configured. $route: default IP 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 With this configuration, the traffic generated in the server is going out using eth0 (lynx www.google.com for example). The problem is: the Internet link from eth0 went down today. The traffic coming from eth1 was ok...no problem. But the traffic generated in the server was a problem...the default gateway was out...no access do the Internet anymore (no more lynx www.google.com) So i added a new default gateway configuration, pointing to eth1. For 30 minutes i kept that way...2 default gateways, but just one was "working"...and everything was working just fine. But then i removed de eth0 gateway entry because, well, 2 default gateways is kind of weird. My question: is there any problem on keeping these 2 default gateways, one for each? So i don´t need to do nothing when one link go down again? $route: default IP1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 default IP2 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1

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  • FFmpeg audio dont work in converted videos

    - by Juddy Swaft
    NOTICE: when i convert videos via terminal and download them from ftp into pc the audio works fine. I use: if($ext == "avi" && $convert_avi == true) { $convert_source = _VIDEOS_DIR_PATH.$new_name; $conv_name = substr(md5($file['name'].rand(1,888)), 2, 10).".mp4"; $converted_file = _VIDEOS_DIR_PATH.$conv_name; $ffmpeg_command = 'ffmpeg -i '.$convert_source.' -acodec libmp3lame -vcodec libx264 -s 1280x720 -ar 44100 -async 44100 -r 29.970 -ac 2 -qscale 5 '.$converted_file; echo exec($ffmpeg_command); $sql = "UPDATE pm_temp SET url = '".$conv_name."' WHERE url = '".$new_name."' LIMIT 1"; $result = @mysql_query($sql); unlink($convert_source); } This code to convert avi to mp4 ffmpeg concole output: root@1tb:~# ffmpeg -i sample.avi -acodec libmp3lame -vcodec libx264 -s 1280x720 -ar 44100 -async 44100 -r 29.970 -ac 2 -qscale 5 goodsample.mp4 ffmpeg version 0.7.15, Copyright (c) 2000-2013 the FFmpeg developers built on Feb 22 2013 07:18:58 with gcc 4.4.5 configuration: --enable-libdc1394 --prefix=/usr --extra-cflags='-Wall -g ' --cc='ccache cc' --enable-shared --enable-libmp3lame --enable-gpl --enable-libvorbis --enable-pthreads --enable-libfaac --enable-libxvid --enable-postproc --enable-x11grab --enable-libgsm --enable-libtheora --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libx264 --enable-libspeex --enable-nonfree --disable-stripping --enable-avfilter --enable-libdirac --disable-decoder=libdirac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libschroedinger --disable-encoder=libschroedinger - s libavutil 50. 43. 0 / 50. 43. 0 libavcodec 52.123. 0 / 52.123. 0 libavformat 52.111. 0 / 52.111. 0 libavdevice 52. 5. 0 / 52. 5. 0 libavfilter 1. 80. 0 / 1. 80. 0 libswscale 0. 14. 1 / 0. 14. 1 libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0 [mp3 @ 0x191d4100] Header missing [mpeg4 @ 0x191d1dc0] Invalid and inefficient vfw-avi packed B frames detected Input #0, avi, from 'sample.avi': Metadata: encoder : VirtualDubMod 1.5.10.2 (build 2540/release) Duration: 00:01:01.81, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1194 kb/s Stream #0.0: Video: mpeg4, yuv420p, 640x352 [PAR 1:1 DAR 20:11], 23.98 tbr, Stream #0.1: Audio: mp3, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16, 128 kb/s [buffer @ 0x191d1c80] w:640 h:352 pixfmt:yuv420p tb:1/1000000 sar:1/1 sws_param: [scale @ 0x191d6880] w:640 h:352 fmt:yuv420p -> w:1280 h:720 fmt:yuv420p flags:0 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] Default settings detected, using medium profile [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] using SAR=45/44 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 FastShuffle S [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] profile High, level 3.1 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] 264 - core 118 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2 6 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_off 1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_l Output #0, mp4, to 'goodsample.mp4': Metadata: encoder : Lavf52.111.0 Stream #0.0: Video: libx264, yuv420p, 1280x720 [PAR 45:44 DAR 20:11], q=2-31 Stream #0.1: Audio: libmp3lame, 44100 Hz, stereo, s16, 64 kb/s Stream mapping: Stream #0.0 -> #0.0 Stream #0.1 -> #0.1 Press [q] to stop, [?] for help [mp3 @ 0x191d4100] Header missing Error while decoding stream #0.1 [mpeg4 @ 0x191d1dc0] Invalid and inefficient vfw-avi packed B frames detected [mp3 @ 0x191d4100] incomplete frame 9467kB time=00:01:00.32 bitrate=1285.5kbits/ Error while decoding stream #0.1 frame= 1852 fps= 20 q=29.0 Lsize= 9652kB time=00:01:01.72 bitrate=1280.9kbits video:9121kB audio:483kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead 0.499688% frame I:11 Avg QP:16.78 size: 51456 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] frame P:784 Avg QP:20.81 size: 8954 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] frame B:1057 Avg QP:26.06 size: 1659 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] consecutive B-frames: 22.0% 3.1% 7.5% 67.4% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] mb I I16..4: 31.1% 59.8% 9.1% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] mb P I16..4: 1.8% 2.6% 0.2% P16..4: 24.3% 7.0% 4.0 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] mb B I16..4: 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% B16..8: 22.7% 0.8% 0.2 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] 8x8 transform intra:57.0% inter:72.6% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 44.4% 33.3% 10.3% inter: 7.6% 5. [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] i16 v,h,dc,p: 68% 14% 8% 10% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] i8 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 21% 14% 27% 5% 7% 7% 6 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 28% 14% 14% 6% 10% 9% 7 [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] i8c dc,h,v,p: 67% 13% 17% 3% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] Weighted P-Frames: Y:1.9% UV:0.4% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] ref P L0: 62.2% 12.8% 10.3% 14.5% 0.2% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] ref B L0: 88.1% 5.5% 6.4% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] ref B L1: 95.7% 4.3% [libx264 @ 0x191ce5a0] kb/s:1209.03 I know there is couple errors tough, but i dont know hot to fix it. Also i would be very thankfull if someone can help reduce video size but is not main problem video weights as original avi but sill.

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  • Why does newline come before space in the output of hexdump?

    - by ??????? ???????????
    Printing these characters in the "Canonical" format gives the output that I expect, while the default format throws me off. $ echo " " |hexdump # Reversed? 0000000 0a20 0000002 $ echo -n " " |hexdump # Ok, fair enough. 0000000 0020 $ echo " " |hexdump -C # Canonical 00000000 20 0a | .| 00000002 With a different string, such as "123" the output is even more confusing: $ echo "123" |hexdump 0000000 3231 0a33 0000004 The output here does not seem "reversed", but rather shuffled. Would anyone care to explain (briefly) what is going on here?

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  • Change the default route without affecting existing TCP connections

    - by Patrick Horn
    Let's say I have two public network addresses on my server: one NAT through an ISP (192.168.99.0/24), and a VPN through a different ISP (192.168.1.0/24), already configured with a per-host route to the VPN server through my ISP. Here is my initial routing table. I am currently routing through my ISP on subnet 192.168.99.0/24. $ route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.99.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 55.66.77.88 192.168.99.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.99.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 tap0 Now, I want new TCP connections to switch to my 192.168.1.0/24 so I type the following: $ route add -net 0.0.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1 dev tap0 When I do this, it causes some long-standing TCP connections to hang. Is there a way to I safely change the default interface for new connections, while allowing existing TCP connections to use the old route (i.e. do I need enable some sort of stateful routing table)? I am okay with a solution that only works with established TCP connections, and I don't care how hacky it is. For example, if there is a way to add temporary iptables rules for existing connections to force them over the old route. But there has to be some way to do this. EDIT: Just a note about a simple "route add -host ... " for existing connections: this solution would work if I am fine with leaving a subset of IPs on the old interface. However, in my application, this actually doesn't solve my problem because I want to allow new connections to come on the new interface even if they have the same source IP. I'm now looking at using the "ip route" command to set source-based routing rules.

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  • IPv6 static routes

    - by user98651
    I am looking to configure a few hosts with IPv6 on my network. The router (running CentOS 5) is configured with an Hurricane Electric (HE) tunnel which works fine on that host. However, I would like to statically add a few additional hosts on the same LAN to have IPv6 through this tunnel. No, I don't want radvd or dhcpv6 to do the work for me in this case. I already have IPv6 forwarding enabled in sysctl.conf. I am looking for help with the next steps (statically adding the routes). Lets say the IP addresses are as follows: Router: 2001:470:1b07:1:: Host1: 2001:470:1b07:2:: How would I go about making them see each other? Thanks in advance for the help.

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  • Block IP Address including ICMP using UFW

    - by dr jimbob
    I prefer ufw to iptables for configuring my software firewall. After reading about this vulnerability also on askubuntu, I decided to block the fixed IP of the control server: 212.7.208.65. I don't think I'm vulnerable to this particular worm (and understand the IP could easily change), but wanted to answer this particular comment about how you would configure a firewall to block it. I planned on using: # sudo ufw deny to 212.7.208.65 # sudo ufw deny from 212.7.208.65 However as a test that the rules were working, I tried pinging after I setup the rules and saw that my default ufw settings let ICMP through even from an IP address set to REJECT or DENY. # ping 212.7.208.65 PING 212.7.208.65 (212.7.208.65) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 212.7.208.65: icmp_seq=1 ttl=52 time=79.6 ms ^C --- 212.7.208.65 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 79.630/79.630/79.630/0.000 ms Now, I'm worried that my ICMP settings are too generous (conceivably this or a future worm could setup an ICMP tunnel to bypass my firewall rules). I believe this is the relevant part of my iptables rules is given below (and even though grep doesn't show it; the rules are associated with the chains shown): # sudo iptables -L -n | grep -E '(INPUT|user-input|before-input|icmp |212.7.208.65)' Chain INPUT (policy DROP) ufw-before-input all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain ufw-before-input (1 references) ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 3 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 4 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 11 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 12 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 8 ufw-user-input all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain ufw-user-input (1 references) DROP all -- 0.0.0.0/0 212.7.208.65 DROP all -- 212.7.208.65 0.0.0.0/0 How should I go about making it so ufw blocks ICMP when I specifically attempt to block an IP address? My /etc/ufw/before.rules has in part: # ok icmp codes -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type destination-unreachable -j ACCEPT -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type source-quench -j ACCEPT -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type time-exceeded -j ACCEPT -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type parameter-problem -j ACCEPT -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT I'm tried changing ACCEPT above to ufw-user-input: # ok icmp codes -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type destination-unreachable -j ufw-user-input -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type source-quench -j ufw-user-input -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type time-exceeded -j ufw-user-input -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type parameter-problem -j ufw-user-input -A ufw-before-input -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ufw-user-input But ufw wouldn't restart after that. I'm not sure why (still troubleshooting) and also not sure if this is sensible? Will there be any negative effects (besides forcing the software firewall to force ICMP through a few more rules)?

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  • RHEL 5/CentOS 5 - sshd becomes unresponsive

    - by ewwhite
    I have a number of CentOS 5.x and RHEL 5.x systems whose SSH daemons become unresponsive, preventing remote logins. The typical error from the connecting side is: $ ssh db1 db1 : ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host Examining /var/log/messages after a forced reboot shows the following leading up to the restart: Dec 10 10:45:51 db1 sshd[14593]: fatal: Privilege separation user sshd does not exist Dec 10 10:46:02 db1 sshd[14595]: fatal: Privilege separation user sshd does not exist Dec 10 10:46:54 db1 sshd[14711]: fatal: Privilege separation user sshd does not exist Dec 10 10:47:38 db1 sshd[14730]: fatal: Privilege separation user sshd does not exist These systems use LDAP authentication and the nsswitch.conf file is configured to look at local "files" first. [root@db1 ~]# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf # # /etc/nsswitch.conf # passwd: files ldap shadow: files ldap group: files ldap hosts: files dns The Privilege-separated SSH user exists in the local password file. [root@db1 ~]# grep ssh /etc/passwd sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin Any ideas on what the root cause is? I did not see any Red Hat errata that covers this.

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  • How do I add missing dictionaries for aspell?

    - by Ahmed
    Aspell version: $ aspell -v @(#) International Ispell Version 3.1.20 (but really Aspell 0.60.6) Dump dict yields no results: $ aspell dump dicts First noticed the problem when I did this, was originally working on web server, but someone updated something and it hasn't worked since: $ aspell check temp_test_file.txt Error: No word lists can be found for the language "en_US". What's the proper way of installing the required dictionaries? I believe we're running this on CentOS. And also, /usr/lib/aspell-0.60 does not contain the required dictionaries (provided that they're supposed to be saved there). data-dir: /usr/lib/aspell-0.60

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