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  • How to interpret IOZone results?

    - by homer5439
    Here are the resuts of running IOZone on an ext3 filesystem on an LVM volume residing on a SAN LUN (it was ran with 5 parallel processes). "Throughput report Y-axis is type of test X-axis is number of processes" "Record size = 4 Kbytes " "Output is in Kbytes/sec" " Initial write " 81628.55 " Rewrite " 83354.72 " Read " 115595.02 " Re-read " 119306.09 " Reverse Read " 47684.20 " Stride read " 10011.09 " Random read " 16751.27 " Mixed workload " 5659.77 " Random write " 1661.85 " Pwrite " 36030.83 Now this is all nice and dandy, but my question is: how do I know whether the values are as good as they could be or there is something to tweak (and if so, what?) The actual usage I will have for that Logical Volume is to act as virtual disk for a VM.

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  • Second network card configuration not working.

    - by Sebas
    I have 4 servers running Centos 5. All of them have two ethernet network cards. I have configured 192.168.1.x IP addresses on their eth0 card. They are all connected to the same switch using their eth0 card and they are all working. I have configured 10.72.11.x IP addresses on their eth1 card.They are all connected to the same switch - a different one from the switch used with eth0 card - using their eth1 card and they are NOT all working. Their configuration files is like: DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=10.72.11.236 BROADCAST=10.72.11.191 NETMASK=255.255.255.192 NETWORK=10.72.11.128 HWADDR=84:2B:2B:55:4B:98 IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes ONBOOT=yes The interfase is starting and configured as I need. [root@sql1 network-scripts]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 84:2B:2B:55:4B:97 inet addr:192.168.1.105 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::862b:2bff:fe55:4b97/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:2981 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:319 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:386809 (377.7 KiB) TX bytes:66134 (64.5 KiB) Interrupt:36 Memory:da000000-da012800 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 84:2B:2B:55:4B:98 inet addr:10.72.11.236 Bcast:10.72.11.191 Mask:255.255.255.192 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) Interrupt:48 Memory:dc000000-dc012800 I also added a route-eth1 file that looks like: 10.0.0.0/8 via 10.72.11.254 Routing looks fine to me: [root@sql1 network-scripts]# netstat -rn Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 10.72.11.192 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.0.0.0 10.72.11.254 255.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 But I cannot ping one server from the other. [root@sql1 network-scripts]# ping 10.72.11.235 PING 10.72.11.235 (10.72.11.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.72.11.236 icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- 10.72.11.235 ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 0 received, +6 errors, 100% packet loss, time 6033ms , pipe 3 What am I doing wrong?

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  • Impossible to stop raid device

    - by Traroth
    I'm trying to stop a RAID disk in order to replace it by a new one, as this one is not working properly. I'm typing mdadm --stop /dev/md1, and I'm getting an error message: mdadm: fail to stop array /dev/md1: Device or resource busy I'm getting this message even if I reboot the server, and I can't see a process that could cause this. The server is working under a Debian with a 2.6.18-4-amd64 kernel. Could you help? Edit: Mote details about what my colleague tried out. After unmounting sda1, the command mdadm --remove /dev/md0 /dev/sda1 worked. But now, we still have an error message after mdadm --remove /dev/md1 /dev/sda5: mdadm: hot remove failed for /dev/sda5: Device or resource busy I still don't understand completly how the different partitions are mounted, so I suppose there is something I don't understand in the currenct situation...

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  • impossible to connect.. days trying..

    - by dany
    I have a problem: I am on Debian. I configured my nic with a static ip (192.168.1.56). When I try to connect to a network, initially with ifconfig eth2 I get (correctly): eth2 inet addr:192.168.1.56 .... inet6 addr: fe80:221:ff:fe96:4598/64 but after a few seconds the 102.168.1.56 disappears and after some other seconds disappears the inet6 address too. When I press in the nm-applet it requires me the password but in the meantime it try to connect. At uni, the connection is a DHCP one. It works for the first few seconds but after it doesn't. Any possible solution? Here it is the relevant part of the syslog: (static ip configuration) http://pastebin.com/u3BPAsda

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  • Add user in CentOS 5

    - by Ron
    I created a new user in my CentOS web server with useradd. Added a password with passwd. But I can't log in with the user via SSH. I keep getting 'access denied'. I checked to make sure that the password was assigned and that the account is active. /var/log/secure shows the following error: Aug 13 03:41:40 server1 su: pam_unix(su:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=500 euid=0 tty=pts/0 ruser=rwade rhost= user=root Please help, Thanks Thanks for the responses so far: I should add that it is a VPS on a remote computer, fresh out of the box. I can log in as the root user quite fine. I can also su to the new user, but I cannot log in as the new user. Here is my sshd_config file: # $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.73 2005/12/06 22:38:28 reyk Exp $ # This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file. See # sshd_config(5) for more information. # This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin # The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with # OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where # possible, but leave them commented. Uncommented options change a # default value. #Port 22 #Protocol 2,1 Protocol 2 #AddressFamily any #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 #ListenAddress :: # HostKey for protocol version 1 #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key # HostKeys for protocol version 2 #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key #KeyRegenerationInterval 1h #ServerKeyBits 768 # Logging # obsoletes QuietMode and FascistLogging #SyslogFacility AUTH SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV #LogLevel INFO # Authentication: #LoginGraceTime 2m #PermitRootLogin yes #StrictModes yes #MaxAuthTries 6 #RSAAuthentication yes #PubkeyAuthentication yes #AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts #RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 #HostbasedAuthentication no # Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for # RhostsRSAAuthentication and HostbasedAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts no # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files #IgnoreRhosts yes # To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here! #PasswordAuthentication yes #PermitEmptyPasswords no PasswordAuthentication yes # Change to no to disable s/key passwords #ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes ChallengeResponseAuthentication no # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes #KerberosGetAFSToken no # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no GSSAPIAuthentication yes #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes # Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing, # and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will # be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication mechanism. # Depending on your PAM configuration, this may bypass the setting of # PasswordAuthentication, PermitEmptyPasswords, and # "PermitRootLogin without-password". If you just want the PAM account and # session checks to run without PAM authentication, then enable this but set # ChallengeResponseAuthentication=no #UsePAM no UsePAM yes # Accept locale-related environment variables AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL #AllowTcpForwarding yes #GatewayPorts no #X11Forwarding no X11Forwarding yes #X11DisplayOffset 10 #X11UseLocalhost yes #PrintMotd yes #PrintLastLog yes #TCPKeepAlive yes #UseLogin no #UsePrivilegeSeparation yes #PermitUserEnvironment no #Compression delayed #ClientAliveInterval 0 #ClientAliveCountMax 3 #ShowPatchLevel no #UseDNS yes #PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid #MaxStartups 10 #PermitTunnel no #ChrootDirectory none # no default banner path #Banner /some/path # override default of no subsystems Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server

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  • convert full-disk RAID5 array to partition-based array?

    - by Delan Azabani
    I have a RAID 5 array, md0, with three full-disk (non-partitioned) members, sdb, sdc, and sdd. My computer will hang during the AHCI BIOS if AHCI is enabled instead of IDE, if these drives are plugged in. I believe it may be because I'm using the whole disk, and the AHCI BIOS expects an MBR to be on the drive (I don't know why it would care). Is there a way to convert the array to use members sdb1, sdc1 and sdd1, partitioned MBR with 0xFD RAID partitions?

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  • Postfix character encoding?

    - by Camran
    I use Postfix as a mailserver. I have Ubuntu OS. Then I use PHP to send emails. Problem is that none of my emails are encoded properly by a mailsoftware which my VPS provider uses. According to them, the problem lies with me. It is only the name field which isn't encoded properly. For example "Björn" becomes "Björn" in my emails. However, when I echo the $name, it outputs "Björn" which is correct. Also, gmail and hotmail does show it correctly. The strange part is that the "text" (the message itself) is encoded properly. I use the following for sending mail: $headers="MIME-Version: 1.0"."\n"; $headers.="Content-type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8"."\n"; $headers.="From: $name <$email>"."\n"; $name= iconv(mb_detect_encoding($name), "UTF-8//IGNORE//TRANSLIT", $name); //// I HAVE TRIED WITH AND WITHOUT THE LINE ABOVE, NO DIFFERENCE mail($to, '=?UTF-8?B?'.base64_encode($subject).'?=', $text, $headers, '[email protected]'); I have tried with and without the iconv line also, no luck. The last thing I can think of is POSTFIX, could there be a setting for character encoding there? Anybody knows?

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  • Is it possible to install Ubuntu Server 10.04 *from* a USB drive?

    - by MousePad
    I've tried the Universal USB Installer from PenDrive, and put 10.04 Ubuntu Server on it. But when I boot up and try to install, it looks for a Ubuntu CD ROM, which I do not have. I thought the whole point is to be able to install from a USB, which seems easy with the Desktop version. Why is the server version not allowing me to do this? Am I missing something?

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  • Disable ipv6 support completely on debian squeeze 6.0.5

    - by markus
    I want to disable ipv6 support completely on debian squeeze 6.0.5. In many other posts I have seen setting the parameter net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1 in /etc/sysctl.conf should disable it. I've set that parameter and rebooted, but netstat -natp shows me that the ntp deamon is still using ipv6: udp6 0 0 :::123 :::* 0 7983 3138/ntpd Is there anything else I need to configure?

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  • Explaining Git to someone new to revision control

    - by MaxMackie
    I've recently decided to jump into the whole world of revision control to work on some open source projects I have. I looked around (subversion, mercurial, git, etc) and found that Git seemed to make more sense conceptually to me. I've set everything up on my computer (opensuse) and made an account on gitorious (let me know if there is a more simple/better hosting provider). I understand Git from a conceptual point of view (work locally, commit to a local repo, others can now checkout from you, right?). But where does gitorious come into play? I commit to them as well as committing locally? Apart from conceptually, I don't quite understand HOW it works when it comes to making a local repository and running git init inside a folder and that HEAD file. Keep in mind I have never used any form of revision control ever before. So even the most basic concepts are foreign to me. As I post this, I'm also reading up and trying to figure it out myself.

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  • Samba server with Virtual Box Guest

    - by Anwar Shah
    I want to setup a samba server on My Ubuntu host for My Windows Guest in Virtual Box. I am using Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows version is Windows XP. VirtualBox 4.1.0.0 The Question is : How can I achieve this or Is it possible? Note: I am not trying to use the shared folder feature of Virtual Box. I used that feature already. Please Remember that I have only a physical machine. The other one is virtual.

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  • Different external ip addresses from different sites

    - by user630286
    My router is ClearOS 6(Centos 6). In my router, I have two external (internet) network connections from two ISP's. The primary connection is eth2 connected to a cable modem and the second one is ppp0 connected to a dsl modem. I have assigned eth2 as the primary connection (with a high metric value). In fact this is done through clearos's multiwan web interface. I have a test in my Nagios to monitor whether the primary connection. This connection is done based on the result of curl ifconfig.me But it seems that ifconfig.me is always giving the ip address of my secondary connection. I tested it through a browser. Yes ifconfig.me gives the secondary internet's(ppp0) ip address. But whatismyipaddress.[com|org] give my primary ip address (eth2). I checked the default route on the router through ip route list 0/0 which also shows the primary connection (eth2) as the default route. The traceroute www.google.com and traceroute ifconfig.me both seems to trace through the primary connection (eth2). As our secondary internet connection has only got a limited download, I don't want to end up having to pay a large sum at the end of the month. Has somebody got an idea why the ifconfig.me shows my secondary address? What is the best way to ensure that my router(and thus the lan) use the right internet connection.

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  • File permission woes on an Ubuntu ec2 instance

    - by Pardoner
    I've set up an amazon ec2 instance and I'm have some file permission issues. I've created myself a new user and added myself to the following groups: adm:x:4:me,ubuntu sudo:x:27:me www-data:x:33:me,www-data ssh:x:108:me admin:x:111:me ubuntu:x:1000:www-data,me me:x:1001:me but when I cd /var/www I can't do simple commands without doing sudo. So I chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www to ensure that I'm in the owning group but I still have to type sudo for everything. If I sudo su www-data it works fine. Since I'm in the www-data group shouldn't I have the same privilages as www-data? One strange thing I'm noticing is that when I ls -l it list the owner but not the group names. Could this possibly be part of the issue? Is is posible for a directory to not be part of a group? drwxr-xr-x 4 www-data 4.0K Oct 24 16:39 . drwxr-xr-x 14 root 4.0K Oct 10 16:58 .. drwxrwxr-x 9 www-data 4.0K Oct 23 04:03 admin.mywebsite.com drwxrwxr-x 2 www-data 4.0K Oct 4 00:29 mywebsite.com drwxrwxr-x 9 www-data 4.0K Oct 23 04:03 staging.mywebsite.com Edit : It appears I had some alias messing with my ls command. By calling \ls -l I can see that all my files are in the correct group.

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  • Over writing output to a text file

    - by Naveen Gamage
    I'm trying to write wget command's output to a text file, but it always appends to the text file. #!/bin/sh download() { local url=$1 echo -n " " wget --progress=dot $url 2>&1 | grep --line-buffered "%" | \ sed -u -e "s,\.,,g" | awk '{printf("\b\b\b\b%4s", $2)}' echo " DONE" } file="$1" echo -n "Downloading $file:" download "$file" > file.log I tried using using > won't work, where am I doing wrong?

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  • SSD suddenly full

    - by Daniel
    Today the hard drive of our server was suddenly full. The disk usage always stayed around 50 % in the weeks and months before (old data is regularly expunged from the server). I deleted 10 GB of files in /tmp, which strangely freed 51 GB. Here is what I did: root@***:~# df -h Dateisystem Size Used Avail Use% Eingehängt auf /dev/sda3 139G 137G 0 100% / tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 3,9G 116K 3,9G 1% /dev tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 985M 25M 910M 3% /boot root@***:/var# du -hs * 3,3M backups 438M cache 9,4G lib 4,0K local 12K lock 76M log 24K mail 4,0K opt 88K run 184K spool 10G tmp 12K www root@***:/var/tmp# find -type f -print0 | xargs -0 rm root@***:/var/tmp# df -h Dateisystem Size Used Avail Use% Eingehängt auf /dev/sda3 139G 81G 51G 62% / tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /lib/init/rw udev 3,9G 116K 3,9G 1% /dev tmpfs 3,9G 0 3,9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 985M 25M 910M 3% /boot Any explanation as to why deleting 10 GB in /tmp gave me back 51 GB on the disk? Could this point to an SSD failure? Are there any tools for Debian to test SSD health? I already have checked syslog. The first entry relating to this incidient is a mysql message: 1:22:02 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Disk is full writing... So I have absolutely no idea what caused this.

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  • Server not configured error

    - by Ivan Slaughter
    I'm using Plesk 8.3 for my hosting account. Server said : Server Default page If you see this page it means: 1. hosting for this domain is not configured or 2. there's no such domain registered in Plesk What you can do: * Using Plesk, you can create domains with web hosting on a single physical server. what left on my setting?

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  • Download specific kernels for distros

    - by ant2009
    Hello, I am running CentOS 5.3. I am wondering where I can download the latest kernel for this distribution. I went to www.centos.org but could see any kernel download only the complete distribution is available to download. I just want the kernel. Kernels on the www.kernels.org are the vanilla kernels. I am wondering where to download for the specific distro? Many thanks for any advice,

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  • xrander detect only one display

    - by cupakob
    Hi all, i have a problem, to get a picture on my tv over VGA (and also over S-Video to SCART). I've tried it first over xorg, but without success. After that i tried xrand, but xrander detect only my laptop display, here the output bufka [~] $ xrandr -q Screen 0: minimum 1680 x 1050, current 1680 x 1050, maximum 1680 x 1050 default connected 1680x1050+0+0 0mm x 0mm 1680x1050 50.0* 51.0 52.0 Any suggestions, how to solve the problem? My video card is Nvidia Geforce 8600M GT, TV is LG M227WPD and OS Ubuntu Lucid...

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  • How to Configure Sendmail / Webmin for second IP?

    - by user310594
    Hi, LAMP Centos5.4 Webmin Until recently I have had all domains using "server1.example.com" Now I have newdomain.com on second.ip.address.works (works for DNS that is) Please tell me how to setup sendmail so the mail is sent from the second ip address? This is new for me: IF I need to create a second server called "server2.domain2.com", then please tell exactly how since I'm only experienced with one server per VPS. Whether "server2.domain2.com" needs to be created or not, here is exactly what is needed: # Mail being sent from domains using ns1.example.com needs to be sent from that server and that IP. Mail being sent from domains using nsother.example2.com sent from that IP + how to set up the second server / hostname, if needed. Thank you.

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  • openvpn problem

    - by Jared Voronik
    I have a problem with openvpn. I have already setup openvpn sucessfully on some other servers in the past (basic configuration, nothing special). On this server, I used the same config file, but for setting up nat iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.4.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE doesn't work. It gives error: iptables v1.3.5: can't initialize iptables table `nat': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?) Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgraded. How do I fix this error? Also, if I can't fix this error, can I do bridging instead of routing? I have only 1 interface, and I can connect to remote server only via ssh (and need to avoid reboots if at all possible) so if briding means a whole ethernet card has to be devoted to the openvpn (and no other servers) then briding is out, otherwise I can use briding. Do you know of a simple, step by step guide to configure openvpn briding (just simple openvpn server and clients that can access internet through vpn server, nothing fancy)?

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  • How to share drive space from vmware server 2 host to a guest?

    - by matnagel
    In the vmware tools in the guest there is an option to access shares from the host. What is the way to create such shares on a vmware 2 host? I did not find where in infrastructure web access. I also went through the vmware server 2 user's guide but did not see it mentioned. Can you help? This is an ubuntu 64 bit server 8.04 LTS host.

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  • Mount "Macrium Reflect" on a partition, boot from there?

    - by b e
    Can Macrium's Reflect recovery CD be mounted/used with GRUB ? If the cd can be 'put' (loaded/mounted/...) in a partition, then the only disc needed would be the actual recovery disc, which could be on an external hard drive, or even on the same machine in another partition, thus allowing on to recover using only what's on the machine itself. I have WXPpro and Xubuntu8.04 double mounted, really happy with them together, use each right now to fix problems with the other when they come up. Also have a partition for the Reflect CD, but I just can't get it to load from Grub, which would be great... Thanks for any thoughts, probably someone has already done this I know !

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  • recovering a broken GNOME-desktop in debian wheezy

    - by morgon
    an hour ago I had a working gnome-desktop on my debian system (thinkpad x121e). Then I installed compiz that crashed. After a reboot the gnome-desktop no longer started. Then I did some upgrades with aptitude, all gnome-packages seem to be there, but it is still not working. On startup I get a login-dialog, when I login there is no desktop, only some window-manager running that allows me to start a terminal. When I run "gnome-session" I get the error message "failed to load session "gnome". So how do I get back to a working desktop? I have tried "tasksel install gnome-desktop --new-install" but that just displays a progress window that after half an hour still shows 0%. Can someone help me please? I have tried "

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