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• How to change defaulp pdf viewer for all users in command line

  - by dodecaplex

  I'm using Debian squeeze with Gnome Desktop for all my users. I have a group of machines to set up so that all users should use xpdf as a default viewer (rather than evince). I want this set up to be done by command line (even better, using puppet). I know about xpg-mime command, but the man page says that the default command should not be used as root. I could manually tweek the /etc/gnome/defaults.list files, but I'm looking for a single command I could run to perform the setting without an editor interaction. Any idea ?

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• e2fsck extremly slow, although enough memory exists

  - by kaefert

  I've got this external USB-Disk: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ lsusb -s 2:3 Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0bc2:3320 Seagate RSS LLC As can be seen in this dmesg output, there are some problems that prevents that disk from beeing mounted: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ dmesg | grep sdb [ 114.474342] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.475089] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [ 114.475092] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00 [ 114.475959] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 114.477093] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.501649] sdb: sdb1 [ 114.502717] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.504354] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk [ 116.804408] EXT4-fs (sdb1): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 3976 failed (47397!=61519) [ 116.804413] EXT4-fs (sdb1): group descriptors corrupted! So I went and fired up my favorite partition manager - gparted, and told it to verify and repair the partition sdb1. This made gparted call e2fsck (version 1.42.4 (12-Jun-2012)) e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb1 Although gparted called e2fsck with the "-v" option, sadly it doesn't show me the output of my e2fsck process (bugreport https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=467925 ) I started this whole thing on Sunday (2012-11-04_2200) evening, so about 48 hours ago, this is what htop says about it now (2012-11-06-1900): PID USER PRI NI VIRT RES SHR S CPU% MEM% TIME+ Command 3704 root 39 19 1560M 1166M 768 R 98.0 19.5 42h56:43 e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb1 Now I found a few posts on the internet that discuss e2fsck running slow, for example: http://gparted-forum.surf4.info/viewtopic.php?id=13613 where they write that its a good idea to see if the disk is just that slow because maybe its damaged, and I think these outputs tell me that this is not the case in my case: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing cached reads: 3562 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1783.29 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 82 MB in 3.01 seconds = 27.26 MB/sec kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo hdparm /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: multcount = 0 (off) readonly = 0 (off) readahead = 256 (on) geometry = 364801/255/63, sectors = 5860533160, start = 0 However, although I can read quickly from that disk, this disk speed doesn't seem to be used by e2fsck, considering tools like gkrellm or iotop or this: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ iostat -x Linux 3.2.0-2-amd64 (blechmobil) 2012-11-06 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14,24 47,81 14,63 0,95 0,00 22,37 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await r_await w_await svctm %util sda 0,59 8,29 2,42 5,14 43,17 160,17 53,75 0,30 39,80 8,72 54,42 3,95 2,99 sdb 137,54 5,48 9,23 0,20 587,07 22,73 129,35 0,07 7,70 7,51 16,18 2,17 2,04 Now I researched a little bit on how to find out what e2fsck is doing with all that processor time, and I found the tool strace, which gives me this: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo strace -p3704 lseek(4, 41026998272, SEEK_SET) = 41026998272 write(4, "\212\354K[_\361\3nl\212\245\352\255jR\303\354\312Yv\334p\253r\217\265\3567\325\257\3766"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404766720, SEEK_SET) = 48404766720 read(4, "\7t\260\366\346\337\304\210\33\267j\35\377'\31f\372\252\ffU\317.y\211\360\36\240c\30`\34"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 41027002368, SEEK_SET) = 41027002368 write(4, "\232]7Ws\321\352\t\1@[+5\263\334\276{\343zZx\352\21\316`1\271[\202\350R`"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404770816, SEEK_SET) = 48404770816 read(4, "\17\362r\230\327\25\346//\210H\v\311\3237\323K\304\306\361a\223\311\324\272?\213\tq \370\24"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 41027006464, SEEK_SET) = 41027006464 write(4, "\367yy>x\216?=\324Z\305\351\376&\25\244\210\271\22\306}\276\237\370(\214\205G\262\360\257#"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404774912, SEEK_SET) = 48404774912 read(4, "\365\25\0\21|T\0\21}3t_\272\373\222k\r\177\303\1\201\261\221$\261B\232\3142\21U\316"..., 4096) = 4096 ^CProcess 3704 detached around 16 of these lines every second, so 4 read and 4 write operations every second, which I don't consider to be a lot.. And finally, my question: Will this process ever finish? If those numbers from fseek (48404774912) represent bytes, that would be something like 45 gigabytes, with this beeing a 3 terrabyte disk, which would give me 134 days to go, if the speed stays constant, and he scans the disk like this completly and only once. Do you have some advice for me? I have most of the data on that disk elsewhere, but I've put a lot of hours into sorting and merging it to this disk, so I would prefer to getting this disk up and running again, without formatting it anew. I don't think that the hardware is damaged since the disk is only a few months and since I can't see any I/O errors in the dmesg output. UPDATE: I just looked at the strace output again (2012-11-06_2300), now it looks like this: lseek(4, 1419860611072, SEEK_SET) = 1419860611072 read(4, "3#\f\2447\335\0\22A\355\374\276j\204'\207|\217V|\23\245[\7VP\251\242\276\207\317:"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018145792, SEEK_SET) = 43018145792 write(4, "]\206\231\342Y\204-2I\362\242\344\6R\205\361\324\177\265\317C\334V\324\260\334\275t=\10F."..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 1419860615168, SEEK_SET) = 1419860615168 read(4, "\262\305\314Y\367\37x\326\245\226\226\320N\333$s\34\204\311\222\7\315\236\336\300TK\337\264\236\211n"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018149888, SEEK_SET) = 43018149888 write(4, "\271\224m\311\224\25!I\376\16;\377\0\223H\25Yd\201Y\342\r\203\271\24eG<\202{\373V"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 1419860619264, SEEK_SET) = 1419860619264 read(4, ";d\360\177\n\346\253\210\222|\250\352T\335M\33\260\320\261\7g\222P\344H?t\240\20\2548\310"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018153984, SEEK_SET) = 43018153984 write(4, "\360\252j\317\310\251G\227\335{\214`\341\267\31Y\202\360\v\374\307oq\3063\217Z\223\313\36D\211"..., 4096) = 4096 So this number of the lseeks before the reads, like 1419860619264 are already a lot bigger, standing for 1.29 terabytes if the numbers are bytes, so it doesn't seem to be a linear progress on a big scale, maybe there are only some areas that need work, that have big gaps in between them. (times are in CET)

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• Creating encrypted database for work

  - by Baldur

  My boss posed this problem to me: Encrypted: We need an encrypted database for miscellanious passwords we use at work that are currently only in people's head. Easily accessable: Someone needs to be able to quickly access specific passwords, possibly at hectic moments. This requires any sort of public key management (keeping it on a USB key in a sealed envelope?) to be relatively easy. Access control: The system should have groups of passwords where only specific people have access to specific groups. Recoverability: We need to make sure passwords from one group aren't lost even if the only users with direct access quit or pass away—hence we need some way where (for example) any two members of senior management may override the system (see the treshold link below) and retrieve all the passwords with their key. The first thing that jumped into my mind was some form of threshold and asymmetric cryptography but I don't want to reinvent the wheel, are there any solutions for this? Any software should preferrably be free and open-source.

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• Is Page-Loading Time Relevant?

  - by doug

  Take this (ServerFault) page for instance. It has about 20 elements. When the last of these has loaded, the page is deemed "loaded"--but not before. This is certainly the protocol used by our testing service (which is among the small group of well-known vendors that offer that sort of service). Obviously this method is based on a clear, definite endpoint--therefore it's easy to apply w/ concomitant reliability. I think it's also the metric used by the popular Firefox plugin, 'YSlow.' For my employer's website, nearly always the last-to-load items are tracking code, tracking pixels, etc., so from the user's point of view--their perception--the page was "loaded" well before it had actually loaded based on the criterion used by our testing service (15-20% is a rough estimate). I'm sure i'm not the first person to consider this nor the first to wonder if it is causing micro-optimization while ignoring overall system-level, or user-perceived performance. So my question is, are there are other more practical (yet still reasonably precise) measures of page loading time?

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• meeting availability using iPhone/iOS calendars

  - by Jaymie

  Our management team all use iPhones with the built-in iOS calendar app. We're looking into getting Microsoft Exchange for everyone here, but that'll take us some weeks to plan and roll-out across the enterprise. In the meantime, I need to provide something so group meeting availability can be determined from those calendars. Google Calendar would be ideal ("find a time") if I could find a way to link to/export the iCloud calendars, but Apple don't seem to want to do that. I could ask the management team to recreate their events for the next few weeks in individual Google Calendars, but they won't want to do that and it's wasteful rekeying of data. Any suggestions you can provide will be gratefully received.

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• dhcp client service won't start

  - by xyious

  I have a Laptop with 2 network interfaces and neither will get an IP address through dhcp. I found out that the dhcp client service didn't start. Upon manually starting it gives the error 2: File not found. I have checked that the files were there (both svchost and dhcpcore .dll), the local service account has read access to the system32 folder, the path in the registry is also correct and I can access the file. I have tried to netsh winsock reset and ip reset all. I have even added the local service account to the administrators group. sfc /scannow also came up clean. I have no idea what else I can try. Any suggestions are welcome. (side note it's a windows 7 32 bit, atheros wlan, deinstalled avira before any of the other troubleshooting)

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• Do TCP connections work differently within the same subnet?

  - by Dean

  I've encountered some network behaviour that confuses me while trying to get Java RMI working. I use netcat to connect to a local machine: [my_machine]$ nc -w 1 192.168.0.100 60000 && echo success success I try to do the same to my server: [my_machine]$ nc -w 1 my-servers-ip 60000 && echo success This doesn't work, unless I explicitly listen on the server socket: [amazon_ec2]$ nc -l 60000 [my_machine]$ nc -w 1 my-servers-ip 60000 && echo success success For the version that fails, the SYN packet receives a RST, ACK in response. I'm not too knowledgable about this stuff, at this point I only have wild theories such as the one in the question. Any ideas? Potentially useful details: Local Machine (192.168.0.100) - Macbook Remote Machine (Amazon EC2) - Amazon Linux AMI 2012.03 Security Group Settings: 22 (SSH) 0.0.0.0/0 1099 0.0.0.0/0 49152-65535 0.0.0.0/0 "iptables -L" shows no rules set

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• Prevent folder deletes at top level only on Server 2008

  - by DomoDomo

  I'm trying to prevent folders moves, really folder delete in NTFS parlance, for series of folders within a network share. So let's say I have: FolderA, FolderB, FolderC. Each folder has various files and subfolders. I want the Domain Users group to have modify access to all files and folders beneath FolderA, FolderB, and FolderC. However I don't want them to be able to delete these three top level folders. The issue we are having right now is people keep accidentally dragging one top level folder into another. I've tried used advanced NTFS permissions to deny domain users delete access to these top level folders, and set the permissions to apply to "This folder only", however it seems to only affect sub-folders, and not the top level. Platform is Server 2008 Standard. Thanks in advance.

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• SQL 2008. I have user in a db which has no login on the server. How is it possible?

  - by Boppity Bop

  I am talking about windows authentication. I dont have access to the server adming rights but a dbadmin sent me screenshot where my user is not in the logins of the server. and also there is only one windows group called admin - databases which I am 100% sure my guy cannot be part of it. BUT... his username is in users of my db... How come user can appear in a db not having login on the server? P.S. in the logs it prints: Login failed for user 'xxxx'. Reason: Token-based server access validation failed with an infrastructure error. Check for previous errors

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• Unable to Uninstall Exchange 2010 ("Internet Newsgroups" public folder)

  - by helplessITguy

  I am trying to uninstall Exchange 2010, before installing a new instance of Exchange 2010 SP1 on a different server. (Our production Exchange server is 2003) We have met all of the Mailbox uninstall prereqs except for the following: Error: Uninstall cannot continue. Database 'Public Folder Database 1579722947': The public folder database "Public Folder Database 1579722947" contains folder replicas. Before deleting the public folder database, remove the folders or move the replicas to another public folder database. For detailed instructions about how to remove a public folder database, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=81409&clcid=0x409. Recommended Action: We have been able to delete all Public Folders in the 2010 storage group except for the one (previously replicated) folder - "Internet Newsgroups". How can I delete this folder without impacting public folders on the production Exchange 2003 server? We have: verified permissions to the public folder removed replication for the folder on (on the Exch 2010 server) tried PowerShell scripts: RemoveReplicaFromPFRecursive Get-PublicFolder -Server "\" -Recurse -ResultSize:Unlimited | Remove-PublicFolder -Server -Recurse -ErrorAction:SilentlyContinue

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• Grouping extensions in Asterisk

  - by Matt

  We have an asterisk based phone system with multiple clients connected to it. At the moment, all the extension numbers fall in the range 100 - 9999. But, now we have an issue where a particular customer wants to come onto our service and insists on keeping their existing extension list. Is there a way of having extensions 700 for one customer, and also the same number range to another customer. But yet having them belong to a different group? I see there is a concept of groups in asterisk but none of them seem to provide a solution to this.

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• Organizing a random list of objects in Python.

  - by Saebin

  So I have a list that I want to convert to a list that contains a list for each group of objects. ie ['objA.attr1', 'objC', 'objA.attr55', 'objB.attr4'] would return [['objA.attr1', 'objA.attr55'], ['objC'], ['objB.attr4']] currently this is what I use: givenList = ['a.attr1', 'b', 'a.attr55', 'c.attr4'] trgList = [] objNames = [] for val in givenList: obj = val.split('.')[0] if obj in objNames: id = objNames.index(obj) trgList[id].append(val) else: objNames.append(obj) trgList.append([val]) #print trgList It seems to run a decent speed when the original list has around 100,000 ids... but I am curious if there is a better way to do this. Order of the objects or attributes does not matter. Any ideas?

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• some keyboard keys not working properly

  - by surfmadpig

  I'm using windows 7. All of a sudden, a couple of hours ago, this happened: My keyboard number keys [above the letters] stopped working properly, both as numbers and as symbols. Only 5 and 6 are functional. Also, I've noticed that the End key isn't working either, and perhaps a couple more from that group. I'm pretty sure it has something to do with those evil Sticky Keys/Filter Keys/ whatever those ease of access things are, BUT I've turned off all the ease of access keyboard options and nothing has changed. Is it possible that something is still turned on while I unchecked it? Are the on/off checkboxes to control WHEN it happens or IF it happens? I also tried rebooting and uninstalling/reinstalling keyboard from device manager, to no avail. It's certainly a software issue and not a hardware issue, as I've tried another keyboard and the problem persists. And, predictably enough, it's annoying. Any ideas?

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• Windows IPSec computer authentication using *user* account?

  - by Tim Brigham

  For some reason every once in a while it happens that my IPSec authentication is from a user account to a computer account, not computer to computer. How can I fix it? Sometimes - notably when I try to add a new workstation through ePO but it's happened other times as well I'm getting strange behavior from my Windows Advanced Firewall IPSec. This causes the authentication to be invalid (as the group memberships, etc all assume computer accounts). I have no idea why this is happening or how to fix it but the IDs to match up between servers (the opposite server in my second example has remote ID timb).

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• rsync windows to linux permission denied

  - by user64908

  Using Command rsync -avzP --delete --omit-dir-times ../../ [email protected]:/var/www/mysite/ I'm getting rsync: mkstemp "/var/www/mysite/.." failed: Permission denied (13) If ext is in the www-data group should I still set all the files to be owned by user www-data? I am trying to publish the files with rsync and then set the permissions using sudo chown -R www-data doc sudo chgrp -R www-data doc but I can't even rsync because of the permission denied. The SSH works fine, the rsync too except when it tries to write over or update some of the files in /var/www Client * Windows 7 * Cygwin 1.7.16 (GNU bash, version 4.1.10(4)-release (i686-pc-cygwin)) * rsync version 3.0.9 protocol version 30 Server * Ubuntu 12.04 * Apache2 * Root Accounts [ubuntu,ext] * Groups [www-data] * sudo vigr has www-data:x:33:ubuntu,ext I have already configure this http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2124169/cwrsync-ignores-nontsec-on-windows-7 This article has also managed to confuse me http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/41687/how-should-i-rsync-files-in-var-www-if-i-want-them-to-be-owned-by-www-data What is the right procedure?

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• How to block all multicast traffic travelling through a Cisco Catalyst 3750

  - by TrueDuality

  Something changed today. I can't seem to track down what, but one of our 3750s decided that it was going to forward all the multicast traffic it saw from the ghost server across every VLAN it has. I've tried writing a simple access group that consists of the following: access-list 100 deny ip any 224.0.0.10 0.0.0.255 access-list 100 permit ip any any I apparently mistakenly assumed that once applied to an interface that it would block all of the multicast traffic on that interface regardless of VLAN. I do not want any multicast traffic flowing through this particular switch to any VLAN or even to stay on the same VLAN beyond this switch. Does anyone have any ideas?

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• Centrally manage Windows 7 computers without Active Directory

  - by Sean W.

  I manage three Windows PCs at home using the principle of least privilege. This means that practically every other day when a new version of Java is released, I have to manually install the update using my administrative credentials on each machine. This is starting to become more work than I had expected. I would love to set up an active directory domain at home, but Microsoft has discontinued Windows home server; its replacement, Windows server 2012 essentials is much more expensive (about $500). Are there any free (preferably as in speech) that would allow me to centrally manage the software installed on each machine in a manner similar to that of active directory? I'd also like to find a way to centrally manage security settings, but I doubt there's an equivalent of group policy. Samba 4 would be an ideal solution, but according to its own developers, it is not yet stable enough for production use.

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• Computers displaying an unwanted password change prompt

  - by evesirim

  We run a small network of users from a central SBS 2008 server that handles group policy & AD. Most of our users operate under a policy that propts them for a password change every 6 months as a security measure, with a few administrator accounts & terminal machines not using the policy for the sake of ease as they are needed all the time. Recently all machines regardless of policy have started asking for a password change out of schedule. Some PCs run Windows 7 & some XP, though the password prompts don't seem to discriminate between OS. What could this be down to? Many thanks

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• How to properly start gvfs without gnome?

  - by 9000

  I have a Debian testing box with Xfce (no Gnome, no Nautilus). It has all gvfs-related stuff installed, including all backends and fuse interface. But any attempts to gvfs-mount anything (like sftp://... or smb://...) fail with error opening file: Operation not supported, and gigolo shows only 'unix device (file)' in the list of supported protocols. My ~/.gvfs has rwx permissions, and I'm a member of fuse group; other fuse-related stuff works for me. What do I do? Where to look?

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• Google Chrome pinned to Windows 7 taskbar not opening under pinned icon

  - by Slothsberry

  I have both Google Chrome and Eclipse pinned to my taskbar in Windows 7 64-Bit. However, when I launch these programs, they don't appear to open under the pinned taskbar icon Eclipse behaves similarly. The Eclipse launcher/workspace selector is under the pinned icon, but once the IDE opens, it moves from the pinned icon, to a new group at the end of the taskbar. Unpinning/repinning doesn't seem to do the trick. It's bothersome to have taskbar space wasted on both the launcher icon, and the window button. Anybody have an idea how to get normal behavior out of the taskbar?

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• Windows server 2008 - Access Based Enumeration (ABE) not working correctly

  - by Napster100

  I have a folder shared with permissions of only one user account, admin account and admin group having access to it, but when I open the shared area from a second user account which dose not have access to it, the folder is still visible to the second account despite ABE being enabled on it and all other parent directories/folders and even the the drive. The user can't access the shared folder (which is what I want), but I'd like the folder to also be invisible to that user, just to make it look cleaner and theirs no confusion between what they can access and what they cannot. How would I stop the folder appearing for users who don't have permissions to use it? Thanks in advanced. EDIT: I've just added the second user account to the permissions list but denied it access so that the account definitely has no permissions to access it in any way but that's still not hiding it.

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• Computers displaying an unwanted password change prompt

  - by evesirim

  We run a small network of users from a central SBS 2008 server that handles group policy & AD. Most of our users operate under a policy that propts them for a password change every 6 months as a security measure, with a few administrator accounts & terminal machines not using the policy for the sake of ease as they are needed all the time. Recently all machines regardless of policy have started asking for a password change out of schedule. Some PCs run Windows 7 & some XP, though the password prompts don't seem to discriminate between OS. What could this be down to? Many thanks

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• Ownership/permissions of uploaded files

  - by Cudos

  Hello. I want to find out if I am on the right track. My script uploads files to the directory "images". The directory has this setup: owner/group = www-data Permissions = 700 Questions: Is this a good way to secure the directory from a hacker uploading files? Will the hacker be able to upload the files directly to the directory? Note: I have a bunch of other security measures in my upload script + an .htaccess script in the directory that disables script Execution. I just what to know if the permissions on the directory is sensible. I run apache 2.2

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• Allow private access to Git on shared hosting server

  - by Akahadaka

  I've setup my own VM running Ubuntu 10.04, LAMP and ISPConfig 3. I would also like to add Git, and give access to to closed group of developers working on their own private projects, essentially operating it as a shared hosting production server. Before I go installing software on the server gung-ho, I would like to know; a) Is this possible? b) Is it a good idea? (How else could one achieve a shared but private environment?) c) Is the installation of Git any different in this situation?

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• umask is being ignored on Gentoo while creating new files

  - by drcelus

  I have a server running Gentoo and hosting a drupal installation. Whenever a Drupal update is executed, the directory permissions of the updated module turn from 755 to 744 preventing the application from accessing the files. The umask is defined as 022 under /etc/profile and the Apache server is running under user and group nobody. I believe this has nothing to do with the drupal installation since if I create a directory as root, the same happens, it is created with 744 permissions, since the umask is 022 shouldn't it be created as 755 ? Why is the umask being ignored and how do I tell the server to create the directories with permission 755 ?

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