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• How to resolve "HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden" errors from iCal/CalDAV server after upgrade to Snow Leopard Server?

  - by morgant

  We recently upgraded our Open Directory Master & Replica to Mac OS X 10.6.4 Snow Leopard Server. We had a mismatched server FQDN & LDAP Search Base/Kerberos Realm, so we exported all users & groups, created the new Open Directory Master w/matching FQDN & Search Base/Realm, reimported users & groups, and re-bound all servers & workstations to the new OD Master. At the same time as all of this, we upgraded our iCal/CalDAV server to Mac OS X 10.6.4 Snow Leopard Server. Ever since doing so, we've seen the following issues with our iCal/CalDAV server and iCal clients on both Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard & Mac OS X 10.6: If a user attempts to move or delete an event (single or repeating) that was created prior to the upgrade to 10.6 Server, they get the following error: Access to "blah" in "blah" in account "blah" is not permitted. The server responded: "HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden" to operation CalDAVWriteEntityQueueableOperation. New users added to the directory get the following error when attempting to add their account to in iCal's preferences: The user "blah" has no configured pricipals. Confirm with your network administrator that your account has at least one CalDAV principal configured. Interestingly, we've since discovered that users seem to be able to delete individual events from an old repeating event without error, but that's a massive amount of work to get rid of a repeating event. I will note that we have not yet added an SRV record in DNS as instructed on page 19 of iCal_Server_Admin_v10.6.pdf. Further Investigation: In this particular case, a user is attempting to decline repeating events created prior to the upgrade to Snow Leopard Server. Granting the user full write access with sudo calendarserver_manage_principals --add-write-proxy users:user1 users:user2 (which did work) doesn't allow deletion of the events. Still get the usual error: Access to "blah blah" in "blah blah" in account "blah blah" is not permitted. The server responded: "HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden" to operation CalDAVWriteEntityQueueableOperation. The error that shows up in /var/log/caldavd/error.log on the iCal Server when attempting to delete one of the events is: 2011-03-17 15:14:30-0400 [-] [caldav-8009] [PooledMemCacheProtocol,client] [twistedcaldav.extensions#info] PUT /calendars/__uids__/XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX/calendar/XXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX.ics HTTP/1.1 2011-03-17 15:14:30-0400 [-] [caldav-8009] [PooledMemCacheProtocol,client] [twistedcaldav.scheduling.implicit#error] Cannot change ORGANIZER: UID:XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX And the error in /var/log/system.log on the client is: Mar 17 15:14:30 192-168-21-169-dhcp iCal[33509]: CalDAV CalDAVWriteEntityQueueableOperation failed: status 'HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden' request:\n\nBEGIN:VCALENDAR^M\nVERSION:2.0^M\nPRODID:-//Apple Inc.//iCal 3.0//EN^M\nCALSCALE:GREGORIAN^M\nBEGIN:VTIMEZONE^M\nTZID:US/Eastern^M\nBEGIN:DAYLIGHT^M\nTZOFFSETFROM:-0500^M\nTZOFFSETTO:-0400^M\nDTSTART:20070311T020000^M\nRRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYMONTH=3;BYDAY=2SU^M\nTZNAME:EDT^M\nEND:DAYLIGHT^M\nBEGIN:STANDARD^M\nTZOFFSETFROM:-0400^M\nTZOFFSETTO:-0500^M\nDTSTART:20071104T020000^M\nRRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;BYMONTH=11;BYDAY=1SU^M\nTZNAME:EST^M\nEND:STANDARD^M\nEND:VTIMEZONE^M\nBEGIN:VEVENT^M\nSEQUENCE:5^M\nDTSTART;TZID=US/Eastern:20090117T094500^M\nDTSTAMP:20081227T143043Z^M\nSUMMARY:blah blah^M\nATTENDEE;CN="First Last";CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL;ROLE=REQ-PARTICIPANT:urn:uuid^M\n :XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX^M\nATTENDEE;CN="First Last";CUTYPE=INDIVIDUAL;PARTSTAT=ACCEPTED:mailto:user@d^M\n omain.tld^M\nEXDATE;TZID=US/Eastern:20110319T094500^M\nDTEND;TZID=US/Eastern:20090117T183000^M\nRRULE:FREQ=WEEKLY;INTERVAL=1^M\nTRANSP:OPAQUE^M\nUID:XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX^M\nORGANIZER;CN="First Last":mailto:[email protected]^M\nX-WR-ITIPSTATUSML:UNCLEAN^M\nCREATED:20110317T191348Z^M\nEND:VEVENT^M\nEND:VCALENDAR^M\n\n\n... response:\nHTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden^M\nDate: Thu, 17 Mar 2011 19:14:30 GMT^M\nDav: 1, access-control, calendar-access, calendar-schedule, calendar-auto-schedule, calendar-availability, inbox-availability, calendar-proxy, calendarserver-private-events, calendarserver-private-comments, calendarserver-principal-property-search^M\nContent-Type: text/xml^M\nContent-Length: 134^M\nServer: Twisted/8.2.0 TwistedWeb/8.2.0 TwistedCalDAV/2.5 (iCal Server v12.56.21)^M\n^M\n<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><error xmlns='DAV:'>^M\n <valid-attendee-change xmlns='urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:caldav'/>^M\n</error> One thing I have noticed, and I'm not sure if this has any real effect is that in many of these pre-Snow Leopard Server migration events, the ORGANIZER is specified like the following: ORGANIZER;CN=First Last:mailto:[email protected] But newer ones are more like one of the two following: ORGANIZER;CN=First Last;[email protected];SCHEDULE-STATUS=1 ORGANIZER;CN=First Last;[email protected]:urn:uuid:XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX iCal_Server_Admin_v10.6.pdf notes that the ".db.sqlite" files are completely disposable, they're merely a performance cache and are re-built on the fly, so are safe to delete. I did delete the one for the organizer's calendars and it took longer to process the attempted event delete while it rebuilt the database, but still errored out in the end. FWIW the error is thrown by this code: https://trac.calendarserver.org/browser/CalendarServer/trunk/twistedcaldav/scheduling/implicit.py Any further suggestions? I see lots of questions about this in my Google searches, but not solutions and this is a widespread problem on our iCal Server. Now, we mostly try to get users to ignore them (hence the amount of time this question has been open), but every now and then I dig in deeper trying to find the culprit and/or solution.

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• NRF Big Show 2011 -- Part 2

  - by David Dorf

  One of the things I love about attending NRF is visiting the smaller booths to see what new innovative ideas have sprung up. After all, by watching emerging technologies we can get a sense of how the retail experience might change. After NRF I'm hoping to write a post on what I found, if anything, so be sure to check back. At the Oracle Retail booth we'll be demonstrating some of the aspects of the changing retail experience. These demos use a mix of GA and experimental components. Here are some highlights: 1. Checkin We wrote a consumer iPhone app we call Store Gateway that lets consumers access information from the store. They'll start by doing a checkin when they arrive that will alert the store manager via another iPhone app we wrote called Mobile Manager. Additionally, we display a welcome messaging using Starmount's digital sign. 2. Receive Offers There are three interaction points where a store can easily make an offer to a consumer: checkin, product scans, and checkout. For this demo we're calling our Universal Offer Engine at checkin to determine the best offer for this particular consumer. This offer is then displayed on the consumer's phone as well as on the digital sign. 3. Scan Products To thwart consumers from scanning product barcodes, we used Store Inventory Management to print QRCodes on shelf label then provided access to a scanner in the Store Gateway iphone app. When the consumer scans the shelf label they are shown product information provided by the retailer. 4. Checkout While we don't have a NFC-enabled mobile phone, we have a NFC chip that can attach to a phone. We're using this to checkout using a reader provided by ViVOTech. Tap the phone on the reader, and the POS accesses the customer#, coupons, and payment information. This really speeds the checkout process. 5. Digital Receipt After the transaction is complete, a digital copy of the receipt is sent to Intuit's QuickReceipts where consumers to store all their digital receipts. There's even an iPhone app that provides easy access to the receipts. This covers about half of what what we'll be showing, so be sure to stop by. I'll also be talking about how mobile is impacting the retail experience at the Wednesday morning session NRF Mobile Retail Initiative: a Blueprint for Action. See you at the Big Show!

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• What Keeps You from Changing Your Public IP Address and Wreaking Havoc on the Internet?

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  What exactly is preventing you (or anyone else) from changing their IP address and causing all sorts of headaches for ISPs and other Internet users? Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites. The Question SuperUser reader Whitemage is curious about what’s preventing him from wantonly changing his IP address and causing trouble: An interesting question was asked of me and I did not know what to answer. So I’ll ask here. Let’s say I subscribed to an ISP and I’m using cable internet access. The ISP gives me a public IP address of 60.61.62.63. What keeps me from changing this IP address to, let’s say, 60.61.62.75, and messing with another consumer’s internet access? For the sake of this argument, let’s say that this other IP address is also owned by the same ISP. Also, let’s assume that it’s possible for me to go into the cable modem settings and manually change the IP address. Under a business contract where you are allocated static addresses, you are also assigned a default gateway, a network address and a broadcast address. So that’s 3 addresses the ISP “loses” to you. That seems very wasteful for dynamically assigned IP addresses, which the majority of customers are. Could they simply be using static arps? ACLs? Other simple mechanisms? Two things to investigate here, why can’t we just go around changing our addresses, and is the assignment process as wasteful as it seems? The Answer SuperUser contributor Moses offers some insight: Cable modems aren’t like your home router (ie. they don’t have a web interface with simple point-and-click buttons that any kid can “hack” into). Cable modems are “looked up” and located by their MAC address by the ISP, and are typically accessed by technicians using proprietary software that only they have access to, that only runs on their servers, and therefore can’t really be stolen. Cable modems also authenticate and cross-check settings with the ISPs servers. The server has to tell the modem whether it’s settings (and location on the cable network) are valid, and simply sets it to what the ISP has it set it for (bandwidth, DHCP allocations, etc). For instance, when you tell your ISP “I would like a static IP, please.”, they allocate one to the modem through their servers, and the modem allows you to use that IP. Same with bandwidth changes, for instance. To do what you are suggesting, you would likely have to break into the servers at the ISP and change what it has set up for your modem. Could they simply be using static arps? ACLs? Other simple mechanisms? Every ISP is different, both in practice and how close they are with the larger network that is providing service to them. Depending on those factors, they could be using a combination of ACL and static ARP. It also depends on the technology in the cable network itself. The ISP I worked for used some form of ACL, but that knowledge was a little beyond my paygrade. I only got to work with the technician’s interface and do routine maintenance and service changes. What keeps me from changing this IP address to, let’s say, 60.61.62.75 and mess with another consumer’s internet access? Given the above, what keeps you from changing your IP to one that your ISP hasn’t specifically given to you is a server that is instructing your modem what it can and can’t do. Even if you somehow broke into the modem, if 60.61.62.75 is already allocated to another customer, then the server will simply tell your modem that it can’t have it. David Schwartz offers some additional insight with a link to a white paper for the really curious: Most modern ISPs (last 13 years or so) will not accept traffic from a customer connection with a source IP address they would not route to that customer were it the destination IP address. This is called “reverse path forwarding”. See BCP 38. Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.     

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• Company Administrators: Stay Alert!

  - by Pete

  Some of our customers choose to use the Themes feature to rebrand their Training and Support Center link, and redirect it to an internal support site. If your company does this, we strongly advise that for your employees that have the Administrator role, you maintain a separate theme that keeps the Administrator's Training and Support link pointed to the CRM On Demand Training and Support Center, and not redirect it to an internal support site. Why? The company administrator needs access to the Training and Support Center because it gives them pod-specific application alerts on the Support tab and pod-specific release information on the Release Info tab. If a customer no longer has access to the Training and Support Center URL because they have already rebranded that link, they can contact Customer Care to request it again.  

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• Best Persistence choice for J2EE-App with frequently changing Data Model

  - by Ben-G

  Whenever I develop a J2EE-Application, I at some point decide to switch from my dummy Persistence (Simply Using Lists and other Data Structures) to some Sort of Database Persistence. Mostly when I hope the Data Model is more or less complete. From this point on, changes to the data model become exhausting, but unluckily they occur rather often. I've used different Object-Relational-Mappers (iBatis, Hibernate) for my projects. They definitely reduce the pain coming with Data Model changes, but they anyway let me adjust code/configuration at 3 or 4 places for every single change. To me, that's cumbersome and error prone. I made a better experience with DB4O, which simply persists Java Objects as they are, but I believe it's performance does not scale for huge applications. Is there anyway to maintain performance while letting out all the ugly configuration work? I'm seeking a performant framework which really hides persistence from my code. Wish for thinking? Or am I missing out THE technology? Hope you can help.

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• XP Mode as a server, Win 7 as a client

  - by Spyro

  I have two virtual machines (XP Mode). They are connected to each other by a network setting - Internal Network. It is the only working setting. This is the only way I got two virtual XP to ping each other. Now I want to connect each of them from the application that runs on Windows 7 which is hosting both virtual machines, but I can't do that. The firewall on both XP-Mode machines is disabled. Any other networking setting added as additional adapter on Xp-Mode machine does not allow me to connect from Windows 7. So my question is this - how to enable connection from Windows 7 application to XP mode application (client - server)? Point 2 (pass message) work perfectly because of the "internal network" setting. The problem is point 1 and 3.

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• GetData() error creating framebuffer

  - by Lelezeus

  I'm currently porting a game written in C# with XNA library to Android with Monogame. I have a Texture2D and i'm trying to get an array of uint in this way: Texture2d textureDeform = game.Content.Load<Texture2D>("Texture/terrain"); uint[] pixelDeformData = new uint[textureDeform.Width * textureDeform.Height]; textureDeform.GetData(pixelDeformData, 0, textureDeform.Width * textureDeform.Height); I get the following exception: System.Exception: Error creating framebuffer: Zero at Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.Texture2D.GetTextureData (Int32 ThreadPriorityLevel) [0x00000] in :0 I found that the problem is in private byte[] GetTextureData(int ThreadPriorityLevel) creating the framebuffer: private byte[] GetTextureData(int ThreadPriorityLevel) { int framebufferId = -1; int renderBufferID = -1; GL.GenFramebuffers(1, ref framebufferId); // framebufferId is still -1 , why can't be created? GraphicsExtensions.CheckGLError(); GL.BindFramebuffer(All.Framebuffer, framebufferId); GraphicsExtensions.CheckGLError(); //renderBufferIDs = new int[currentRenderTargets]; GL.GenRenderbuffers(1, ref renderBufferID); GraphicsExtensions.CheckGLError(); // attach the texture to FBO color attachment point GL.FramebufferTexture2D(All.Framebuffer, All.ColorAttachment0, All.Texture2D, this.glTexture, 0); GraphicsExtensions.CheckGLError(); // create a renderbuffer object to store depth info GL.BindRenderbuffer(All.Renderbuffer, renderBufferID); GraphicsExtensions.CheckGLError(); GL.RenderbufferStorage(All.Renderbuffer, All.DepthComponent24Oes, Width, Height); GraphicsExtensions.CheckGLError(); // attach the renderbuffer to depth attachment point GL.FramebufferRenderbuffer(All.Framebuffer, All.DepthAttachment, All.Renderbuffer, renderBufferID); GraphicsExtensions.CheckGLError(); All status = GL.CheckFramebufferStatus(All.Framebuffer); if (status != All.FramebufferComplete) throw new Exception("Error creating framebuffer: " + status); ... } The frameBufferId is still -1, seems that framebuffer could not be generated and I don't know why. Any help would be appreciated, thank you in advance.

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• What are some good examples of exuberant in-game instructions for telling the player to repeatedly smash a button?

  - by Michael

  What are some good examples of exuberant in-game instructions for telling the player to repeatedly and quickly press a button or perform an action? I'm especially interested in examples in retro games (e.g., from the NES, SNES, and 1980-90s arcade eras), and I would love to see examples with text, graphics, or both. To illustrate, here are a few examples of the type of instructions that I'm thinking of: Smash the A button to lift something heavy! Toggle the joystick back and forth to break free! Quickly press the button to build power in a meter! I'm working on a 2D iOS game with retro-style pixel art, and there's a point where I want the player to quickly tap on a sprite to complete an action. I have a serviceable starting point -- the word "TAP" flashing with an arrow repeatedly moving downward beneath it: But it still doesn't feel quite right. I would love to see some actual examples from the golden days of 2D gaming to use as reference material. I know examples abound, but I'm just struggling to think of any concrete ones at the moment. Can you think of any examples of this type of thing in old games?

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• Forwarding a subdomain to main domain using Godaddy

  - by Ryan Hayes

  I have current blog, which was hosted on Tumblr at http://blog.ryanhayes.net. I'm moving it over to http://ryanhayes.net, and have all the 301 redirects set up for the blog entries to map to my new blog, which is hosted using Godaddy (domain included). When I try to set up a subdomain forward, I'm greeted with a nice 403 Forbidden response (as of this writing, you can see it at http://blog.ryanhayes.net. When I try to ping both the subdomain and domain, they point to the same IP address, so I know blog subdomain has at least switched over to point to the same content. I don't really understand why I would get a 403 Forbidden on the same content that I can see perfectly fine via another domain. Currently, I have a CNAME of blog pointing to @, which is how "www" is set up to forward, so I'm assuming it would do the same thing. My question is what is the proper way to set up my DNS to make the blog subdomain forward to my main domain (301) using the GoDaddy DNS manager? Bonus: What is the background on why I am getting a 403 error the current way? Forbidden You don't have permission to access / on this server. Additionally, a 403 Forbidden error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request. UPDATE 12/7/2010 Error on site has been fixed, you can no longer view it from my site.

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• SharePoint 2010 and Windows Server Backup

  - by Enrique Lima

  A couple of months ago, a friend found a bit of information on TechNet that has proven to be quite useful. See, I am of the opinion SharePoint allows for smaller deployments to be made, and with that said, I am talking about SharePoint Foundation 2010 being used for the most part. But truly the point here is not to discuss whether or not a deployment of SharePoint Foundation 2010 or SharePoint Server 2010 is right or not.  The fact is they do take place and happen.  And information will reside there. Now, the point of this post is to raise awareness on options available for companies that have implemented it and maybe are a bit “iffy” on how to protect the information being placed in libraries and lists.  In many cases I have found SharePoint comes first and business continuity becomes an afterthought.  The documentation piece from TechNet states: “You can register SharePoint Server 2010 with Windows Server Backup by using the stsadm.exe -o -registerwsswriter operation to configure the Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) writer for SharePoint Server. Windows Server Backup then includes SharePoint Server 2010 in server-wide backups. When you restore from a Windows Server backup, you can select Microsoft SharePoint Foundation (no matter which version of SharePoint 2010 Products is installed), and all components reported by the VSS writer forSharePoint Server 2010 on that server at the time of the backup will be restored. Windows Server Backup is recommended only for use with for single-server deployments.” Even in the event of single-server deployments you will have options to safeguard your data. The process will require that after you have executed the stsadm command above, you will then use Windows Server Backup to do a Full Server Backup.  Then when the restore operation is needed you will be able to select specifically the section that has the SharePoint technologies backup. The restore process: Hope you find this to be a helpful post.  I have found this to be specially handy in SharePoint deployments that are part of a Team Foundation Server deployment and that are isolated from any other SharePoint farm and such.   Credits:  Sean McDonough for passing along the information available on TechNet.

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• How can I create and add a new slide type to the New Slide menu in PowerPoint?

  - by ObligatoryMoniker

  On the Home ribbon in Power Point 2007 there is a new slide button with an arrow that shows you various types of slides that you can add to your presentation: Title Slide, Title and Content, Comparison, Title Only, etc. I want to design a new type of slide that has 4 content areas instead of two and then be able to add new slides of this type using the new slide menu. I know that I can add new Power Point templates but that would require me to start a new presentation with my custom slide type in it and the copy and paste that slide into the current presentation that I am already working on. How can I create a new slide type and then add it to the menu so that I can quickly create new slides of my new 4 content area slide type?

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• Strange behavior on Gnome after update on from 13.04 to 13.10

  - by WayneBrady

  I made an automatic update on my Ubuntu 13.10 (from 13.04) system today. Since this point of time, I am in really big trouble. I use a VNC server with Gnome classic, after the update my Gnome was gone. So i tried everything. Checked the xstartup file of vncserver. Right now I reached a point where I can't find the answer. The logfile says that gnome-session-fallback is missing, even directly after I installed it with apt-get (tried it serveral times, installing, uninstalling and so on). I have no chance to use it as you can see in this terminal copy: root@ip-xxx:~/.vnc# apt-get install gnome-session-fallback Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: gnome-session-fallback 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B/2,914 B of archives. After this operation, 247 kB of additional disk space will be used. Selecting previously unselected package gnome-session-fallback. (Reading database ... 210977 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking gnome-session-fallback (from .../gnome-session-fallback_1%3a3.6.2-0ubuntu15_all.deb) ... Setting up gnome-session-fallback (1:3.6.2-0ubuntu15) ... root@ip-xxx:~/.vnc# gnome-session-fallback The program 'gnome-session-fallback' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: apt-get install gnome-session-fallback If you have some idea, please give me a hint... Thank you!

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• How to encrypt php folder under /var/www?

  - by sirchaos

  I need to encrypt the folder /var/www/test. The folder contains PHP files. The goal it to prevent any user to read the php content AND if the HD is mounted on another computer, the /var/www/test should be encrypted AND if computer booted up without any user logged I would like anyone to be able to access data in /var/www/tests. What is the correct approach for this? I've tried "ecryptfs-setup-private" as advised in How to encrypt /var/www? yet it didn't work for me. I've might missed something - I've tested the folders while booting with ubuntu 12.04 installation disk and mounted the drive, than I was able to access /var/www/test content.. yet this is what I want to prevent. The gnome-encfs isn't the way to go since its decryption happens when users logs on to the system & I would like the system to be working after power failure etc' without any one logged in. Please advice.

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• Solving Big Problems with Oracle R Enterprise, Part II

  - by dbayard

  Part II – Solving Big Problems with Oracle R Enterprise In the first post in this series (see https://blogs.oracle.com/R/entry/solving_big_problems_with_oracle), we showed how you can use R to perform historical rate of return calculations against investment data sourced from a spreadsheet.  We demonstrated the calculations against sample data for a small set of accounts.  While this worked fine, in the real-world the problem is much bigger because the amount of data is much bigger.  So much bigger that our approach in the previous post won’t scale to meet the real-world needs. From our previous post, here are the challenges we need to conquer: The actual data that needs to be used lives in a database, not in a spreadsheet The actual data is much, much bigger- too big to fit into the normal R memory space and too big to want to move across the network The overall process needs to run fast- much faster than a single processor The actual data needs to be kept secured- another reason to not want to move it from the database and across the network And the process of calculating the IRR needs to be integrated together with other database ETL activities, so that IRR’s can be calculated as part of the data warehouse refresh processes In this post, we will show how we moved from sample data environment to working with full-scale data.  This post is based on actual work we did for a financial services customer during a recent proof-of-concept. Getting started with the Database At this point, we have some sample data and our IRR function.  We were at a similar point in our customer proof-of-concept exercise- we had sample data but we did not have the full customer data yet.  So our database was empty.  But, this was easily rectified by leveraging the transparency features of Oracle R Enterprise (see https://blogs.oracle.com/R/entry/analyzing_big_data_using_the).  The following code shows how we took our sample data SimpleMWRRData and easily turned it into a new Oracle database table called IRR_DATA via ore.create().  The code also shows how we can access the database table IRR_DATA as if it was a normal R data.frame named IRR_DATA. If we go to sql*plus, we can also check out our new IRR_DATA table: At this point, we now have our sample data loaded in the database as a normal Oracle table called IRR_DATA.  So, we now proceeded to test our R function working with database data. As our first test, we retrieved the data from a single account from the IRR_DATA table, pull it into local R memory, then call our IRR function.  This worked.  No SQL coding required! Going from Crawling to Walking Now that we have shown using our R code with database-resident data for a single account, we wanted to experiment with doing this for multiple accounts.  In other words, we wanted to implement the split-apply-combine technique we discussed in our first post in this series.  Fortunately, Oracle R Enterprise provides a very scalable way to do this with a function called ore.groupApply().  You can read more about ore.groupApply() here: https://blogs.oracle.com/R/entry/analyzing_big_data_using_the1 Here is an example of how we ask ORE to take our IRR_DATA table in the database, split it by the ACCOUNT column, apply a function that calls our SimpleMWRR() calculation, and then combine the results. (If you are following along at home, be sure to have installed our myIRR package on your database server via  “R CMD INSTALL myIRR”). The interesting thing about ore.groupApply is that the calculation is not actually performed in my desktop R environment from which I am running.  What actually happens is that ore.groupApply uses the Oracle database to perform the work.  And the Oracle database is what actually splits the IRR_DATA table by ACCOUNT.  Then the Oracle database takes the data for each account and sends it to an embedded R engine running on the database server to apply our R function.  Then the Oracle database combines all the individual results from the calls to the R function. This is significant because now the embedded R engine only needs to deal with the data for a single account at a time.  Regardless of whether we have 20 accounts or 1 million accounts or more, the R engine that performs the calculation does not care.  Given that normal R has a finite amount of memory to hold data, the ore.groupApply approach overcomes the R memory scalability problem since we only need to fit the data from a single account in R memory (not all of the data for all of the accounts). Additionally, the IRR_DATA does not need to be sent from the database to my desktop R program.  Even though I am invoking ore.groupApply from my desktop R program, because the actual SimpleMWRR calculation is run by the embedded R engine on the database server, the IRR_DATA does not need to leave the database server- this is both a performance benefit because network transmission of large amounts of data take time and a security benefit because it is harder to protect private data once you start shipping around your intranet. Another benefit, which we will discuss in a few paragraphs, is the ability to leverage Oracle database parallelism to run these calculations for dozens of accounts at once. From Walking to Running ore.groupApply is rather nice, but it still has the drawback that I run this from a desktop R instance.  This is not ideal for integrating into typical operational processes like nightly data warehouse refreshes or monthly statement generation.  But, this is not an issue for ORE.  Oracle R Enterprise lets us run this from the database using regular SQL, which is easily integrated into standard operations.  That is extremely exciting and the way we actually did these calculations in the customer proof. As part of Oracle R Enterprise, it provides a SQL equivalent to ore.groupApply which it refers to as “rqGroupEval”.  To use rqGroupEval via SQL, there is a bit of simple setup needed.  Basically, the Oracle Database needs to know the structure of the input table and the grouping column, which we are able to define using the database’s pipeline table function mechanisms. Here is the setup script: At this point, our initial setup of rqGroupEval is done for the IRR_DATA table.  The next step is to define our R function to the database.  We do that via a call to ORE’s rqScriptCreate. Now we can test it.  The SQL you use to run rqGroupEval uses the Oracle database pipeline table function syntax.  The first argument to irr_dataGroupEval is a cursor defining our input.  You can add additional where clauses and subqueries to this cursor as appropriate.  The second argument is any additional inputs to the R function.  The third argument is the text of a dummy select statement.  The dummy select statement is used by the database to identify the columns and datatypes to expect the R function to return.  The fourth argument is the column of the input table to split/group by.  The final argument is the name of the R function as you defined it when you called rqScriptCreate(). The Real-World Results In our real customer proof-of-concept, we had more sophisticated calculation requirements than shown in this simplified blog example.  For instance, we had to perform the rate of return calculations for 5 separate time periods, so the R code was enhanced to do so.  In addition, some accounts needed a time-weighted rate of return to be calculated, so we extended our approach and added an R function to do that.  And finally, there were also a few more real-world data irregularities that we needed to account for, so we added logic to our R functions to deal with those exceptions.  For the full-scale customer test, we loaded the customer data onto a Half-Rack Exadata X2-2 Database Machine.  As our half-rack had 48 physical cores (and 96 threads if you consider hyperthreading), we wanted to take advantage of that CPU horsepower to speed up our calculations.  To do so with ORE, it is as simple as leveraging the Oracle Database Parallel Query features.  Let’s look at the SQL used in the customer proof: Notice that we use a parallel hint on the cursor that is the input to our rqGroupEval function.  That is all we need to do to enable Oracle to use parallel R engines. Here are a few screenshots of what this SQL looked like in the Real-Time SQL Monitor when we ran this during the proof of concept (hint: you might need to right-click on these images to be able to view the images full-screen to see the entire image): From the above, you can notice a few things (numbers 1 thru 5 below correspond with highlighted numbers on the images above.  You may need to right click on the above images and view the images full-screen to see the entire image): The SQL completed in 110 seconds (1.8minutes) We calculated rate of returns for 5 time periods for each of 911k accounts (the number of actual rows returned by the IRRSTAGEGROUPEVAL operation) We accessed 103m rows of detailed cash flow/market value data (the number of actual rows returned by the IRR_STAGE2 operation) We ran with 72 degrees of parallelism spread across 4 database servers Most of our 110seconds was spent in the “External Procedure call” event On average, we performed 8,200 executions of our R function per second (110s/911k accounts) On average, each execution was passed 110 rows of data (103m detail rows/911k accounts) On average, we did 41,000 single time period rate of return calculations per second (each of the 8,200 executions of our R function did rate of return calculations for 5 time periods) On average, we processed over 900,000 rows of database data in R per second (103m detail rows/110s) R + Oracle R Enterprise: Best of R + Best of Oracle Database This blog post series started by describing a real customer problem: how to perform a lot of calculations on a lot of data in a short period of time.  While standard R proved to be a very good fit for writing the necessary calculations, the challenge of working with a lot of data in a short period of time remained. This blog post series showed how Oracle R Enterprise enables R to be used in conjunction with the Oracle Database to overcome the data volume and performance issues (as well as simplifying the operations and security issues).  It also showed that we could calculate 5 time periods of rate of returns for almost a million individual accounts in less than 2 minutes. In a future post, we will take the same R function and show how Oracle R Connector for Hadoop can be used in the Hadoop world.  In that next post, instead of having our data in an Oracle database, our data will live in Hadoop and we will how to use the Oracle R Connector for Hadoop and other Oracle Big Data Connectors to move data between Hadoop, R, and the Oracle Database easily.

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• Setting up VPS: How to configure name servers

  - by MeltingDog

  So I got a VPS set up (LAMP) and have transfered a couple of sites over. Now I want to point my domain names from the old host to the new VPS host, which does not have any name servers yet. On my registrars console I have set the domain name 'www.mydomain.com' domain host settings to point to my VPS's ip address, eg: ns1.mydomain.com = 111.222.3.4 and ns2.mydomain.com = 111.222.3.4 I then lowered the TTL to one hour. I then switched the Nameservers on that domain to these new ones. (ns1/2.mydomain.com) In WHM I then set the servers name servers to ns1.mydomain.com and ns2.mydomain.com. I waited an hour to test...but nothing changed - the domain name still directed to the old host. Have I missed something? Is the some other record I need to change on the DNS? I find this very confusing, does anyone know a resource or can provide a step by step guide on how to configure a new servers nameservers? Thanks EDIT: added image (sorry bout the censoring. Client insists) On my regisrars console: And on my VPS' WHM:

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• Advantages of Singleton Class over Static Class?

  Point 1) Singleton We can get the object of singleton and then pass to other methods. Static Class We can not pass static class to other methods as we pass objects Point 2) Singleton In future, it is easy to change the logic of of creating objects to some pooling mechanism. Static Class Very difficult to implement some pooling logic in case of static class. We would need to make that class as non-static and then make all the methods non-static methods, So entire your code needs to be changed. Point3:) Singleton Can Singletone class be inherited to subclass? Singleton class does not say any restriction of Inheritence. So we should be able to do this as long as subclass is also inheritence.There's nothing fundamentally wrong with subclassing a class that is intended to be a singleton. There are many reasons you might want to do it. and there are many ways to accomplish it. It depends on language you use. Static Class We can not inherit Static class to another Static class in C#. Think about it this way: you access static members via type name, like this: MyStaticType.MyStaticMember(); Were you to inherit from that class, you would have to access it via the new type name: MyNewType.MyStaticMember(); Thus, the new item bears no relationships to the original when used in code. There would be no way to take advantage of any inheritance relationship for things like polymorphism. span.fullpost {display:none;}

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• vgaswitcheroo isn't working in Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Forbidden404

  I always used vgaswitcheroo to turn off my discrete graphic, I did a script to turn off in boot, but now, vgaswitcheroo isn't working anymore, I don't know why... look forbidden404@forbidden404-Inspiron-N5110:~$ ls -l /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch ls: cannot access /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch: Permission denied forbidden404@forbidden404-Inspiron-N5110:~$ grep -i switcheroo /boot/config-* /boot/config-3.2.0-20-generic:CONFIG_VGA_SWITCHEROO=y /boot/config-3.2.0-23-generic:CONFIG_VGA_SWITCHEROO=y /boot/config-3.2.0-24-generic:CONFIG_VGA_SWITCHEROO=y forbidden404@forbidden404-Inspiron-N5110:~$ sudo su [sudo] password for forbidden404: root@forbidden404-Inspiron-N5110:/home/forbidden404# echo OFF > /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch bash: /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch: No such file or directory root@forbidden404-Inspiron-N5110:/home/forbidden404# ls -l /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch ls: cannot access /sys/kernel/debug/vgaswitcheroo/switch: No such file or directory And I'm not using any proprietary driver, k?

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• Exadata X3 In-Memory Database Machine: To be or not to be

  - by Luis Moreno Campos

  Since Larry Ellison announced Oracle Exadata X3 as the new generation of the Database Machine, he established the product in the In-Memory Database arena. And that annoyed some people. We all know that In-Memory Databases are the ones that *only* execute in memory and use the other layers of storage for persistency (mainly disk). Oracle database has always been a technology that uses memory as a caching mechanism and that hasn't change nor it will change with Oracle Database 12c. So this is the central point of fuss when it comes to announcing an Engineered Systems as In-Memory Database, when in fact it still runs Oracle Database, not vanilla but still the same product. Let me tell you purist people out there: when you find no new ground breaking point to get all excited about you decide to bash it, and go against its claims. It's not like a car manufacturer that launches a mini-van in the market and calls it a Sports Car, we are talking about a fundamental change in the ILM stack: level 2 of caching is now self sufficient. It's not DRAM? Who cares, still let's you put in flash amounts of data not done up until now, so I guess Oracle can name it whatever Larry wants because in the end it's something never done before. Now let's imagine that you hop on the pure In-Memory Database bandwagon. You would be stuck with a database technology that lags behind the Oracle Database hundreds of light years in man/hours innovations and features. Do you really want to travel back in time? Remember, the first rule about time travelling is that "Security is not Guaranteed". Your choice. LMC

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• Fast user switching suddenly stopped working on my Windows XP Prof machine

  - by John

  When I start Win XP SP2 I get to the welcome screen with no user names displayed. I then press Alt+Ctrl+Del twice and type in the username and then am able to login to Windows. When I go to user accounts in Control Panel I get the error message cells.item(...) is null or not an object. When I go to computer administration and then local users and groups there are no users listed under users but the groups is listed. I did a windows repair with no luck. I tried doing restore points but it said they didn’t work. Please help? My wife and I have been using fast user switching on out computer for years with no problem. Beginning a few months ago, I started Win XP Prof one day I get to the welcome screen with no user names displayed. I then press Alt+Ctrl+Del twice and type in the username and then am able to login to Windows with an account of owner. When I go to user accounts in Control Panel I get the error message cells.item(...) is null or not an object. When I go to computer administration and then local users and groups there are no users listed under users but the groups are listed. I have done system point restores and imports of exports of the registry I take with import. I have tried everything under safe mode and it makes no difference. This followed a Microsoft update the night before as I left the computer on. I tried to do a restore point but all my restore points failed and could not backout the MS updates. I was working with a fellow from Microsoft and he had me do all kinds of things but to no avail. He seems to think a DLL file is corrupt but which one? Finally in desperation he sent me a new OS XP Prof SP3 disk and I installed it and it wiped my hard drive. Luckily I took an Acronis Image backup first so I easily restored my system. I do not want to do a fresh windows update as it is heavily customized and worked fine up to that point. This has been going on for months, Thanks John

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• How to design good & continuous tiles

  - by Mikalichov

  I have trouble designing tiles so that when assembled, they don't look like tiles, but look like an homogeneous thing. For example on the image below: even though the main part of the grass is only one tile, you don't "see" the grid; you know where it is if you look a bit carefully, but it is not obvious. Whereas when I design tiles, you can only see "oh, jeez, 64 times the same tile". A bit like on that image: (taken from a gamedev.stackexchange question, sorry; no critic about the game, but it proves my point, and actually has better tile design that what I manage) I think the main problem is that I design them so they are independent, there is no junction between two tiles if put closed to each other. I think having the tiles more "continuous" would have a smoother effect, but can't manage to do it, it seems overly complex to me. I think it is probably simpler than I think once you know how to do it, but couldn't find a tutorial on that specific point. Is there a known method to design continuous / homogeneous tiles? (my terminology might be totally wrong, don't hesitate to correct me)

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• Why unhandled exceptions are useful

  - by Simon Cooper

  It’s the bane of most programmers’ lives – an unhandled exception causes your application or webapp to crash, an ugly dialog gets displayed to the user, and they come complaining to you. Then, somehow, you need to figure out what went wrong. Hopefully, you’ve got a log file, or some other way of reporting unhandled exceptions (obligatory employer plug: SmartAssembly reports an application’s unhandled exceptions straight to you, along with the entire state of the stack and variables at that point). If not, you have to try and replicate it yourself, or do some psychic debugging to try and figure out what’s wrong. However, it’s good that the program crashed. Or, more precisely, it is correct behaviour. An unhandled exception in your application means that, somewhere in your code, there is an assumption that you made that is actually invalid. Coding assumptions Let me explain a bit more. Every method, every line of code you write, depends on implicit assumptions that you have made. Take this following simple method, that copies a collection to an array and includes an item if it isn’t in the collection already, using a supplied IEqualityComparer: public static T[] ToArrayWithItem( ICollection<T> coll, T obj, IEqualityComparer<T> comparer) { // check if the object is in collection already // using the supplied comparer foreach (var item in coll) { if (comparer.Equals(item, obj)) { // it's in the collection already // simply copy the collection to an array // and return it T[] array = new T[coll.Count]; coll.CopyTo(array, 0); return array; } } // not in the collection // copy coll to an array, and add obj to it // then return it T[] array = new T[coll.Count+1]; coll.CopyTo(array, 0); array[array.Length-1] = obj; return array; } What’s all the assumptions made by this fairly simple bit of code? coll is never null comparer is never null coll.CopyTo(array, 0) will copy all the items in the collection into the array, in the order defined for the collection, starting at the first item in the array. The enumerator for coll returns all the items in the collection, in the order defined for the collection comparer.Equals returns true if the items are equal (for whatever definition of ‘equal’ the comparer uses), false otherwise comparer.Equals, coll.CopyTo, and the coll enumerator will never throw an exception or hang for any possible input and any possible values of T coll will have less than 4 billion items in it (this is a built-in limit of the CLR) array won’t be more than 2GB, both on 32 and 64-bit systems, for any possible values of T (again, a limit of the CLR) There are no threads that will modify coll while this method is running and, more esoterically: The C# compiler will compile this code to IL according to the C# specification The CLR and JIT compiler will produce machine code to execute the IL on the user’s computer The computer will execute the machine code correctly That’s a lot of assumptions. Now, it could be that all these assumptions are valid for the situations this method is called. But if this does crash out with an exception, or crash later on, then that shows one of the assumptions has been invalidated somehow. An unhandled exception shows that your code is running in a situation which you did not anticipate, and there is something about how your code runs that you do not understand. Debugging the problem is the process of learning more about the new situation and how your code interacts with it. When you understand the problem, the solution is (usually) obvious. The solution may be a one-line fix, the rewrite of a method or class, or a large-scale refactoring of the codebase, but whatever it is, the fix for the crash will incorporate the new information you’ve gained about your own code, along with the modified assumptions. When code is running with an assumption or invariant it depended on broken, then the result is ‘undefined behaviour’. Anything can happen, up to and including formatting the entire disk or making the user’s computer sentient and start doing a good impression of Skynet. You might think that those can’t happen, but at Halting problem levels of generality, as soon as an assumption the code depended on is broken, the program can do anything. That is why it’s important to fail-fast and stop the program as soon as an invariant is broken, to minimise the damage that is done. What does this mean in practice? To start with, document and check your assumptions. As with most things, there is a level of judgement required. How you check and document your assumptions depends on how the code is used (that’s some more assumptions you’ve made), how likely it is a method will be passed invalid arguments or called in an invalid state, how likely it is the assumptions will be broken, how expensive it is to check the assumptions, and how bad things are likely to get if the assumptions are broken. Now, some assumptions you can assume unless proven otherwise. You can safely assume the C# compiler, CLR, and computer all run the method correctly, unless you have evidence of a compiler, CLR or processor bug. You can also assume that interface implementations work the way you expect them to; implementing an interface is more than simply declaring methods with certain signatures in your type. The behaviour of those methods, and how they work, is part of the interface contract as well. For example, for members of a public API, it is very important to document your assumptions and check your state before running the bulk of the method, throwing ArgumentException, ArgumentNullException, InvalidOperationException, or another exception type as appropriate if the input or state is wrong. For internal and private methods, it is less important. If a private method expects collection items in a certain order, then you don’t necessarily need to explicitly check it in code, but you can add comments or documentation specifying what state you expect the collection to be in at a certain point. That way, anyone debugging your code can immediately see what’s wrong if this does ever become an issue. You can also use DEBUG preprocessor blocks and Debug.Assert to document and check your assumptions without incurring a performance hit in release builds. On my coding soapbox… A few pet peeves of mine around assumptions. Firstly, catch-all try blocks: try { ... } catch { } A catch-all hides exceptions generated by broken assumptions, and lets the program carry on in an unknown state. Later, an exception is likely to be generated due to further broken assumptions due to the unknown state, causing difficulties when debugging as the catch-all has hidden the original problem. It’s much better to let the program crash straight away, so you know where the problem is. You should only use a catch-all if you are sure that any exception generated in the try block is safe to ignore. That’s a pretty big ask! Secondly, using as when you should be casting. Doing this: (obj as IFoo).Method(); or this: IFoo foo = obj as IFoo; ... foo.Method(); when you should be doing this: ((IFoo)obj).Method(); or this: IFoo foo = (IFoo)obj; ... foo.Method(); There’s an assumption here that obj will always implement IFoo. If it doesn’t, then by using as instead of a cast you’ve turned an obvious InvalidCastException at the point of the cast that will probably tell you what type obj actually is, into a non-obvious NullReferenceException at some later point that gives you no information at all. If you believe obj is always an IFoo, then say so in code! Let it fail-fast if not, then it’s far easier to figure out what’s wrong. Thirdly, document your assumptions. If an algorithm depends on a non-trivial relationship between several objects or variables, then say so. A single-line comment will do. Don’t leave it up to whoever’s debugging your code after you to figure it out. Conclusion It’s better to crash out and fail-fast when an assumption is broken. If it doesn’t, then there’s likely to be further crashes along the way that hide the original problem. Or, even worse, your program will be running in an undefined state, where anything can happen. Unhandled exceptions aren’t good per-se, but they give you some very useful information about your code that you didn’t know before. And that can only be a good thing.

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• Should GeeksWithBlogs move to the Wordpress Platform?

  - by Martin Hinshelwood

  Geekswithblogs was my first ever blog and my first post was on 22nd June 2006. Since then very little functionality has been added. This is not a complaint, but rather an observation that it is very hard to keep up with all of the blogging capabilities that people want. My point would be: “Why bother!” Vote now for a migration of the awesome Geekswithblogs content from SubText to Wordpress. Having been a long time user of GWB I have been worried of late by my envy of other blogging platforms. I made a number of requests around 10 months ago for things that almost all blogging platforms provide, but which are not available on GWB. Support other comment frameworks – The current comment system is so antiquated that it does not even have the common filters like Facebook, twitter or Google login to help prevent spam. Tags are not listed in the RSS – This can prevent you from getting the Google juice that you deserve 301 redirects to a single URL– If you use a custom URL then all your posts are split between both the GWB URL and the custom one. This is VERY bas for SEO. I realise that it is difficult to find time to add all of the features that all the uber geeks on this site want, so why bother… lets move to the most popular and moded platform available and allow everyone to add whatever widgets they like. Figure: Vote for Geekswithblogs moving to Wordpress Why would I want this? There are over 13k plugins available Easy augmentation model Full mobile support Regular releases lots more… This could be a turning point in the legendary history of Geeks With Blogs, be part of it… What can I do to make this happen? I need your help to make this happen: Vote for it Discuss it

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• Failed to retrieve share list from server

  - by Eric Sean Tite Webber

  UBUNTU 11.10 NAUTILUS 3.2.1 We ARE able to see Windows PCs on our network from Ubuntu's NAUTILUS, yet we are NOT able to access their shares from NAUTILUS, even though they work fine with each other, i.e. each windows PC IS able access the other Windows PC's shares just fine. Please infer from this information the answers to any questions about our situation you may have. Note this is a default/pristine configuration, i.e. no changes have been made whatsoever. Our version of Ubuntu is: 11.10, NAUTILUS is 3.2.1 Linux tite-HP-630-Notebook-PC 3.0.0-15-generic #26-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jan 20 17:23:00 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux A screenshot is available upon request. Thanks in advance for your assistance.

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• Meaning of offset in pygame Mask.overlap methods

  - by Alan

  I have a situation in which two rectangles collide, and I have to detect how much did they collide so so I can redraw the objects in a way that they are only touching each others edges. It's a situation in which a moving ball should hit a completely unmovable wall and instantly stop moving. Since the ball sometimes moves multiple pixels per screen refresh, it it possible that it enters the wall with more that half its surface when the collision is detected, in which case i want to shift it position back to the point where it only touches the edges of the wall. Here is the conceptual image it: I decided to implement this with masks, and thought that i could supply the masks of both objects (wall and ball) and get the surface (as a square) of their intersection. However, there is also the offset parameter which i don't understand. Here are the docs for the method: Mask.overlap Returns the point of intersection if the masks overlap with the given offset - or None if it does not overlap. Mask.overlap(othermask, offset) -> x,y The overlap tests uses the following offsets (which may be negative): +----+----------.. |A | yoffset | +-+----------.. +--|B |xoffset | | : :

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• Suitable SDK to develop quick game?

  - by gRnt

  I'm currently undertaking a personal project at home that I need to turn around inside the next few months (which working full time and still learning programming makes it a tad difficult). I'm looking for suggestions on SDK's or tools (preferably free or that come with games, similar to steam tools) that I can use to develop a "game". I'm OK with coding but have no 3D development skills at all. I've very little experience with mod tools or SDK's at all but I'm hoping someone can point me in the direction of one that does the following: A decent library of prefab 3D models to build scenes. Ability to add scripting to the scene I've used Unity before and would prefer to continue to do so however I really have the worst 3D skills imaginable and can't waste time learning them. I'd be looking for pre-fab items that are both industrial and possibly more lush environments (trees etc). If it makes any difference (due to licencing and what-not) I WILL NOT be selling this game or marketing it in any way and I am a University Student if any places do educations licences. Another alternative would be to source free 3d models elsewhere but again while I'm still learning I have no idea where to look if someone could point me in the right direction I'll do the rest of the digging. Thanks

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