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• Windows 8.1 - unfixable grub

  - by Nick

  I have a Gigabyte laptop that came with secure boot and windows 8. After a bit of battling, I managed to get my dual boot with Ubuntu 13.10.. Anyway, I upgraded zindows to 8.1, now grub is gone. I restarted from a live CD and chrooted to my drive. I used boot-repair multiple times (with successful output) both in default and with some advanced options; also reinstalled grub manually... Each time it tries once to boot to grub but gives a message for a very short amount of time. I recorded it and it is a regular bios message "Rebbot and Select proper Boot device of Insert Boot media in selected boot device and press a key" I even tried something called EasyBCD under winblows, it shows the correct boot options, but same there, it is unable to make the linux partition fire up. Anyway, no way to boot my linux box. Does anyone have an idea how to fix this? No need to redirect me to another post with grub reinstall or boot-repair, seen them all... I am thinking of trying this other boot loader, refind, to see if it works http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/index.html Also re-reading this bios message, I'm thinking my partition might not have a boot flag anymore... I'll try that too with parted. Although both grub and win 8 are supposed to fire up from the same boot partition (the EFI one) Please help! thx

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• Dim (NEARLY blank) laptop screen, secondary screen works - why?

  - by LIttle Ancient Forest Kami

  My laptop screen is (almost) black while my secondary screen is fine. I believe it to be backlight / brightness related. Problem description it starts when I start the laptop system loads and works fine, just screen has problems I can see the screen though very faintly / dimly - it's hard to see anything which ain't very white e.g. starting screen has big Thinkpad logo in white, large font - I can see it, though very dimly second screen works very well Official backligtht debugging: using acpi setting as prescribed there for Thinkpads didn't help I can see an entry in /sys/class/backlight/ and it changes when I press hotkeys for brightness (current backlight power for instance goes up or down) acpi-off didn't helpm neither did acpi_backlight=vendor Hardware data Laptop is Thinkpad Edge with glossy screen. 4 processors, 2 cores, exemplary CPU data from cat /proc/cpuinfo reports Genuine Intel i5 (M 480 @ 2.67GHz). OS is Ubuntu Lucid, 10.04 LTS, 64-bit, with Linux generic kernel (2.6.32-44) and GNOME 2.32.2 (though I doubt there lies the problem). $ lspci | grep VGA 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc M92 [Mobility Radeon HD 4500 Series] $ lshw -C display *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: M92 [Mobility Radeon HD 4500 Series] vendor: ATI Technologies Inc physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: 00 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm pciexpress msi bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=radeon latency=0 resources: irq:33 memory:c0000000-dfffffff(prefetchable) ioport:2000(size=256) memory:f0300000-f030ffff memory:f0320000-f033ffff(prefetchable) Driver I was NOT running any proprietary drivers, just checked with "Hardware drivers". There is one for ATI that is suggested there, though I didn't need it so far. UPDATE: changing the driver to proprietary one (ATI/AMD FGLRX) didn't help. Tried and failed Resetting / running on power or battery / charging / getting rid of static electricity / warming up *doesn't help* This is NOT a blank-screen problem, at least it isn't following official Ubuntu black-screen diagnostics - I can see my screen, though barely. What I will try next: - check last updates I've made - IIRC I am running on nomodeset already, but will verify this Any ideas how to proceed best? What is most probable cause?

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• Time randomly changing itself, internet randomly dying

  - by Vee

  Operating System MS Windows 8 Enterprise 64-bit CPU Intel Core i7 2700K @ 3.50GHz 45 °C Sandy Bridge 32nm Technology RAM 8,00 GB Dual-Channel DDR3 @ 800MHz (8-8-8-24) Motherboard ASRock Z77 Extreme4-M (CPUSocket) 40 °C Graphics SMXL2270HD (1920x1080@60Hz) M2094D-PZ (1680x1050@60Hz) 896MB GeForce GTX 275 (CardExpert Technology) 57 °C Hard Drives 466GB FUJITSU MAXTOR STM3500320AS (SATA) 39 °C Optical Drives ASUS DRW-2014L1T Audio High Definition Audio Device Hello everyone, I installed Windows 8 RTM a few weeks ago. It's not my first time installing it, but it's the first time having two annoying problems: 1) Randomly, the system clock changes time all by itself - to fix it I have to open the time window and sync it with the internet. 2) Randomly, internet connection stops working - to fix I have to run troubleshooting. Windows will find a problem with IP on the "Ethernet" connection and fix it. 3) In rare occasions, my PC freezes and I need to restart it (a BSOD once happened, but after that only freezes) How can I permanently solve these problems? This is what I've already tried: Reset Virus scan Stop/reset the Windows Time service Disable/re-enable Windows Time automatic internet sync Change time from BIOS Change motherboard battery

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• Webmatrix The Site has Stopped Fix

  - by Tarun Arora

  I just got started with AzureWebSites by creating a website by choosing the Wordpress template. Next I tried to install WebMatrix so that I could run the website locally. Every time I tried to run my website from WebMatrix I hit the message “The following site has stopped ‘xxx’” Step 00 – Analysis It took a bit of time to figure out that WebMatrix makes use of IISExpress. But it was easy to figure out that IISExpress was not showing up in the system tray when I started WebMatrix. This was a good indication that IISExpress is having some trouble starting up. So, I opened CMD prompt and tried to run IISExpress.exe this resulted in the below error message So, I ran IISExpress.exe /trace:Error this gave more detailed reason for failure Step 1 – Fixing “The following site has stopped ‘xxx’” Further analysis revealed that the IIS Express config file had been corrupted. So, I navigated to C:\Users\<UserName>\Documents\IISExpress\config and deleted the files applicationhost.config, aspnet.config and redirection.config (please take a backup of these files before deleting them). Come back to CMD and run IISExpress /trace:Error IIS Express successfully started and parked itself in the system tray icon. I opened up WebMatrix and clicked Run, this time the default site successfully loaded up in the browser without any failures. Step 2 – Download WordPress Azure WebSite using WebMatrix Because the config files ‘applicationhost.config’, ‘aspnet.config’ and ‘redirection.config’ were deleted I lost the settings of my Azure based WordPress site that I had downloaded to run from WebMatrix. This was simple to sort out… Open up WebMatrix and go to the Remote tab, click on Download Export the PublishSettings file from Azure Management Portal and upload it on the pop up you get when you had clicked Download in the previous step Now you should have your Azure WordPress website all set up & running from WebMatrix. Enjoy!

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• Start Menu freezes when highlighting 'All Programs'

  - by gergesi

  Hey all, A friends machine is lagging for about 30 seconds when they highlight 'All Programs'. A gray box popus up where the program menu would be, but it doesnt populate for nearly 30 seconds. This seems to happen if he hasn't open the start menu for a bit.. but if he get's it working once, doing it immediatly afterwards will usually not have the same lag. Assuming computer hardware isn't an issue, any ideas what the problem may be? Sidenote: He mentioned making desktop shortcuts is taking long as well, does that give any clues?

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• Easily manage vsftpd virtual users?

  - by Phil

  I have a vsftpd server configured with many virtual users. logins are stored in a Berkeley DB file One configuration file exists for each user to define his permissions (read-only or read-write, home directory, etc.). To do that, I use the user_config_dir parameter (set in vsftpd.conf). I am wondering if it would be possible to manage these virtual users from a simple GUI (such as web interface). I have found some tools but they are limited to generic vsftpd configuration, not virtual users management. Otherwise, PAM-MySQL seems to be a good way to manage users efficiently but only username/password and logs can be stored in database, not permissions. Finally, I've found this thread, but the solution is a bit awkward... Is there any way to easily manage the vsftpd users ?

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• page up/down print ~ instead of history search in terminal

  - by Desmond

  I am on a Macbook Pro with mac os x 10.8.2 I have set: page up: \033[5~ page down: \033[6~ in terminal keyboard settings (pressing esc to get \033). My ~/.xinputrc is: # Be 8 bit clean. set input-meta on set output-meta on set convert-meta off # Auto completion options set show-all-if-ambiguous on set completion-ignore-case on # Keybindings "\e[1~": beginning-of-line # Home key "\e[4~": end-of-line # End key "\e[5~": history-search-backward # Page Up "\e[6~": history-search-forward # Page Down "\e[3~": delete-char # Delete key "\e[5C": forward-word # Ctrl+right "\e[5D": backward-word # Ctrl+left I am just following a guide found on internet (actually there are a lot of guide really similar): http://macimproved.wordpress.com/2010/01/04/fix-page-updown-home-end-in-terminal/ Unfortunately, the only (terrific) result is that when I press page up (fn + up arrow) just a "~" is printed in the terminal.

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• Will Windows Barf on Constant Video Driver Overwrite?

  - by Maarx

  So, I've got a Win7 64-bit gaming PC with GTX 260's. Recently, StarCraft 2 had an issue with flickering, which NVidia fixed with a new set of drivers. However, these new drivers induce unplayable graphical errors with Neverwinter Nights 2, something me and my friends still play from time to time. I am seeking advice on the "best" way to rectify this situation, to be able to switch between two driver releases, without compromising the stability of my system (if Windows stability isn't an oxymoron). I'm wondering if Windows 7 is structured in such a way that I can constantly reinstall these two sets of drivers back and forth overtop each other, possibly six or eight times a day, without very quickly driving myself to reformat to maintain that "just like new" performance. I'm loathe to have to reformat the drive and maintain two copies of the operating system, but I'll do it if I have to.

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• Skype 4.2 crashes when connecting to one specific person

  - by Aaron

  ok i have Skype 4.2 on Windows Vista 32 bit. Skype was working fine with no problems at all but a situation came up and i had to reformat my laptop. Since the reformat skype doesnt connect to just one person on my contacts list. Ive uninstalled reinstalled multiple times, even removed him from my contacts and readded but to no avail. He is on Skype mobile with his phone not sure if this is a prob as it wasnt before. any help or advice here would be much appreciated.

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• Issue about mapping MAC address to Ipv6 address

  - by deepsky

  I know that the address in ipv6 with prefix range 001 to 111 should use a 64-bit interface identifier that follows the EUI-64 format, which translates the MAC to ipv6 as below. MAC:00-02-b3-1e-83-29 --> 02-02-b3-ff-fe-1e-83-29 --->ipv6 addr: fe80::202:b3ff:fe1e:8329 Then I checked my network status with ipconfig /all on my windows XP, but it seems my ipv6 address doesn't follow the above rule: MAC:00-24-81-XX-XX-XX ipv6 addr:2001:da8:8006:225:0:24:81XX:XXXX Obviously it doesn't follow the EUI-64 format. Instead it just directly use the MAC as the last 8 bytes. Anyone know the reason? Pls Correct me if I am wrong.

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• Trying to move away from PHP/Yii: RoR, Python/Django or ASP.NET MVC? Your opinions please [closed]

  - by Örs

  I have a CS degree and I've been working as a web developer (front & backend) for about 2 years now. I've been working with PHP mostly because it was easy to pick up and find a job, but I've grown to dislike the language and want to try something new, and possibly get a better paying job. That last point is especially important because in my area (Romania/Eastern Europe) PHP jobs are mostly for people fresh out of college/high school, hence the pay is rather low. I've been working with the Yii framework which, if I understand correctly, borrows a lot from Ruby on Rails (convention over configuration, MVC, Active Record, scaffolding). Other than PHP I only know curly-brace languages (C/C++/Java) and bash so Python/Ruby might be a bit challenging. On the other hand I've been using Linux (with vim and recently Sublime Text 2) for almost 4 years now so Windows and a lack of a terminal would have its downsides as well. I'm leaning towards Python/Ruby because of my *nix bias (plus both look like fun), but I've heard great things about ASP.NET MVC as well. Any suggestions? PS: I think there are more jobs in ASP.NET around here, but that's not necessarily a plus, because there are a lot of CS graduates as well. tl;dr: Romanian PHP/Yii developer trying to move to Python/Django or Ruby/Rails or C#/ASP.NET MVC. Suggestions?

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• Windows 7 x64 Hard Freezing (again)

  - by Lanissum

  Awhile ago, my computer was randomly freezing a few minutes after booting, and I ended up replacing the CPU and mobo after testing the RAM and hard drive, I also couldn't find anything wrong with the video card. So after replacing the presumably faulty hardware, everything worked fine for about a month and a half. All of a sudden, My computer is randomly freezing a few minutes after loading up any intensive application (games, mostly). Most of the time it just freezes with the current frame until I hard reset, although once it printed a BSOD message stating that dxgmms1.sys was to blame. The only difference between these two episodes I can think of is that I can do word/internet/work without issue now, as opposed to the near uselessness my computer was rendered last time. For those of you who want to know, I tested my memory with memtest86 (for 64 bit machines). I can't figure out what could have started this latest round of issues, the event logger just states that a kernel-power event has occurred (like last time) but I think thats just a generic "this machine has rebooted after a sudden shutdown" message.

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• Ubuntu 14.04 install fails with Via S3 UniChrome Pro graphics

  - by WizardNo.7

  I am trying to install Ubuntu 14.04 on a Fujitsu Siemens Amilo Pro laptop(it's quite old yes, has about 30GB Hard Drive and I think 192mb of RAM) which currently has Windows XP installed (which I'd like to keep for the time being). I have downloaded the 32-bit Desktop ISO and used unetbootin to create a Live USB for this laptop. When I boot from USB, I arrive at the unetbootin Grey and Blue menu and pick either "Try Ubuntu without installing", or "Install Ubuntu". The menu goes away and an Ubuntu loadscreen showing UBUNTU and four dots which progressively change between white and orange. At about the second color changing cycle a white underscore symbol appears next to the fourth dot and flickers. There is some leftover text from the kernel boot still visible, but there is no graphical desktop. After this I have to hard reboot or shut-down. $ lshw -c video *-display UNCLAIMED description: VGA compatible controller product: CN700/P4M800 Pro/P4M800 CE/VN800 Graphics [S3 UniChrome Pro] Vendor: VIA Technologies, Inc. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: 01 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: pm agp agp-2.0 vga_controller bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=64 mingnt=2 resources: memory:f0000000-f3ffffff memory:d1000000-d1ffffff

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• Is looking for code examples constantly a sign of a bad developer?

  - by Newly Insecure

  I am a comp sci student with several years of experience in C and C++, and for the last few years I've been constantly working with Java/Objective C doing app dev and now I have switched to web dev and am mainly focused on ruby on rails and I came to the realization that (as with app dev, really) I reference other code wayyyy too much. I constantly google functionality for lots of things I imagine I should be able to do from scratch and it's really cracked my confidence a bit. Basic fundamentals are not an issue, I hate to use this as an example but I can run through javabat in both java/python at a sprint - obviously not an accomplishment and but what I mean to say is I have a strong base for the fundamentals I think? I know what I need to use typically but reference syntax constantly. Would love some advice and input on this, as it has been holding me back pretty solidly in terms of looking for work in this field even though I'm finishing my degree. My main reason for asking is not really about employment, but more that I don't want to be the only guy at a hackathon not hammering out nonstop code and sitting there with 20 google/github tabs open, and I have refrained from attending any due to a slight lack of confidence... Is a person a bad developer by constantly looking to code examples for moderate to complex tasks?

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• Ubuntu 14.04: Fine tuning Touchpad for ThinkPad S431

  - by ramgorur

  I am using Ubuntu 14.04 on Lenovo ThinkPad S431. The touchpad is very bumpy, tricky to use. Slides down with a small touch, sometimes jerks erratically. I have tried to modify the settings in /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-synaptics.conf file as below -- Section "InputClass" Identifier "touchpad catchall" Driver "synaptics" MatchIsTouchpad "on" MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*" Option "JumpyCursorThreshold" "250" Option "VertResolution" "100" # Option "HorizResolution" "65" # Option "MinSpeed" "1" # Option "MaxSpeed" "1" # Option "AccelerationProfile" "1" # Option "AdaptiveDeceleration" "8" # Option "ConstantDeceleration" "1" # Option "VelocityScale" "128" Option "HorizHysteresis" "150" Option "VertHysteresis" "150" EndSection There are lots of options here, does anyone know how to get a fine-tuned values for the above options (for ThinkPad S431)? The Hysteresis values seems to alleviate the problem a little bit, but failed to get a perfect result. EDIT: According to this bug report for ThinkPad X230 (+X230t), I set these values and quite good for now -- Option "VertResolution" "100" Option "HorizResolution" "65" Option "MinSpeed" "1" Option "MaxSpeed" "1" Option "AccelerationProfile" "2" Option "AdaptiveDeceleration" "16" Option "ConstantDeceleration" "16" Option "VelocityScale" "32" Option "HorizHysteresis" "50" Option "VertHysteresis" "50" and then you need to increase the cursor speed manually from the Unity mouse settings. But I am still looking for a fully functional (possibly with all the gestures) and a fine-tuned touchpad settings for S431. Further help is appreciated.

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• Why can't I install Ubuntu 10.04 on a system that already has Ubuntu 8.04?

  - by Android Eve

  Ubuntu 10.04 is beautiful. I love it. I am dying to install it on my PC, alongside the existing Ubuntu 8.04 (from which I write this message right now). But... it won't let me! When I reach the partitioning stage (manual!) Ubuntu 10.04 sees my two HDDs as one RAID volume. It doesn't see all the partitions I already have in place in /dev/sda and /dev/sdb. Even Windows 7 doesn't behave like this... (yes, I actually managed to install Windows 7 64-bit in dual-boot configuration with Ubuntu 8.04 on this same system). Note: GParted on Ubuntu 10.04 (live CD) sees the partition intended for Ubuntu 10.04 (/dev/sda4) perfectly, but is unable to format it. Any idea how to solve this problem?

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• X server not starting up after new kernel compilation

  - by tech_learner

  I have compiled the Kernel on my 64-bit Debian XPS Studio 1340 Dell system. srikanth@debian:~ - 05:40:52 PM - $ uname -a Linux debian 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Thu Mar 22 17:26:33 UTC 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux Kernel version that I have used and compiled from kernel.org is 2.6.35.13 I have nvidia installed on old kernel. I got the old config and I used the same config to compile the new kernel. Everything went well and I got two debian packages ( image and headers ) which I have installed on my system. When I select the new kernel on the boot menu and I go into it, the X server is not starting up possibly because I have to "rebuild" ( not sure how to do that ) according to this link: http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/slackware-14/x-server-not-starting-after-kernel-compilation-605265/ Can you suggest how to do the rebuild on nvidia module so that I can start x ( without seeing any blank screen or error saying nvidia module is missing ) ? PS: The link that I have used to compile the kernel is https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Kernel/Compile#Alternate_Build_Method:_The_Old-Fashioned_Debian_Way

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• does wordpress auto update work without a cron job?

  - by perler

  I'm a bit on a loss here. Since WP 3.7 you can update your wordpress automatically. Since then it's more hit and miss on several servers here. I would like to understand, if it is enough to enable automatic updates described here and how this would work without a cron job. I'm under the impression right now, that the upgrade is only started, when ever someone logs into the backend, is this correct? If so, is there a way to automate the updates via a cron job?

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• Not enough storage is available to process this command

  - by Mohit

  I am getting this error on almost all of the operations on a Windows 7 pro 32 bit machine. By operations I mean anything I do. Update a repo from subversion. Access a local IIS Site. Copy a big folder. Run an installer.and sometime if I try again. It get solved. I think there is something wrong wit windows7 . I searched around and found posts suggesting to increase IRPStackSize value in registry I did that no Luck. I am using Microsoft Security Essentials Version: 1.0.1961.0 as my antivirus package Once this errors starts popping up. I have to restart and then in after some random time. It starts showing up again. Any help is appreciated. I am losing lot of my time in restarting my system or retrying again and again.

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• Live CD installer gets stuck with a grayed out forward button.

  - by TRiG

  I have a CD with Ubuntu 10.10 and a laptop with Ubuntu 8.10. The laptop had all sorts of crud on it, and anything I wanted to keep was backed up on an external drive, so I was happy to do a wipe and reinstall instead of an update. So after a bit of faffing about trying to work out how to get the thing to boot from the CD drive, I did that. So the screen comes up with the choice: the options are Try Ubuntu and Install Ubuntu. I choose to install and to overwrite my current installation. So far so good. I then get a progress bar labelled something like copying files (I forget the exact wording) and further options to fill in for my location, keyboard locale, username and password. On each of these screens there are forward and back buttons. On the last screen (password), the forward button is greyed out. Well, I think to myself, no doubt it will become active when that copying files progress bar completes. The progress bar never completes. It hangs. And the label changes from copying files to the chirpy ready when you are. The forward button remains greyed out. The back button is as unhelpful as you'd expect it to be. And there's nothing else to click. We have reached an impasse. I tried restarting the laptop, to test whether it actually was properly installed. It wasn't. I tried to run Ubuntu live from the CD, to test whether the disk was damaged. That wouldn't work either, but I suspect it's just because the laptop is old and has a slow disk drive. I'm typing this question on another computer using the Ubuntu live CD and it's working fine. So there's nothing wrong with the CD.

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• Internet wireless connected with limited access, windows vista

  - by Wawa wiya

  Hello I had some malware in my computer so I did a bit of manual work to remove it including resetting TCP/IP. Now the malware is gone. I can see my home wireless network and I can get connected to it but when connected I get the Internet wireless connected with limited access message. When I go to the IE I cannot browse. When I tried to ping 192.168.1.1 I got an Error Code 1231 Unconnected Network Problem. I have deactivated my Windows firewall as I thought it could be hyperactive security. Still no luck. I have Norton but it is not active, I have also Avast and AVG installed but they are not active. Any ideas?

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• IIS not using available memory?

  - by Herb Caudill

  Recently launched an ASP.NET site running on a single 32-bit WS2003 box (SQL on a separate server). The server has 4GB intalled, 3GB available. According to task manager, the w3wp.exe process is only using between 200-600MB. The site has tens of thousands of pages and makes heavy use of page output caching, so I would expect it to use a lot more of the available memory. The app pool isn't set to throttle memory usage. Is there anything else that might be limiting the amount of memory that IIS takes?

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• libGDX using Stage and Actor produces different camera angles on desktop and Android Phone

  - by Brandon

  libGDX using Stage and Actor produces different camera angles on desktop and Android Phone. Here are pictures demonstrating the problem: http://brandonyuh.minus.com/mFpdTSgN17VUq On the desktop version, the image takes up most all the screen. On the Android phone it only takes up a bit of the screen. Here's the code (not my actual project but I isolated the problem): package com.me.mygdxgame2; import com.badlogic.gdx.*; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.*; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Texture.TextureFilter; import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.*; import com.badlogic.gdx.scenes.scene2d.*; public class MyGdxGame2 implements ApplicationListener { private Stage stage; public void create() { stage = new Stage(); stage.addActor(new ActorHi()); } public void render() { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0, 1, 0, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); stage.draw(); } public void dispose() {} public void resize(int width, int height) {} public void pause() {} public void resume() {} public class ActorHi extends Actor { private Sprite sprite; public ActorHi() { Texture texture = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("data/hi.png")); texture.setFilter(TextureFilter.Linear, TextureFilter.Linear); sprite = new Sprite(new TextureRegion(texture, 0, 0, 128, 128)); sprite.setBounds(0, 0, 300.0f, 300.0f); } public void draw(SpriteBatch batch, float parentAlpha) { sprite.draw(batch); } } } hi.png is included in the above link Thank you very much for answering my question. I've spent 3 days trying to figure it out.

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• cisco vpn client randomly disconnects with pfSense

  - by Andre

  My network has two gateways, one is a pfSense box that everyone uses. The other one is a TP-Link firewall essentially for tests. Some machines inside my network need to access a VPN through the Cisco VPN client. If one of those machines is using the pfSense box as the gateway, I experience random connection drops on the VPN. If I am using the TP-Link gateway that doesn't happen. I've tried changing the MTU in the pfSense box and that improved things a little bit but didn't really solve the problem. I also followed the guidelines for traffic shaping in pfSense and the connections still drop quite often. Ideas?

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• protected abstract override Foo(); &ndash; er... what?

  - by Muljadi Budiman

  A couple of weeks back, a co-worker was pondering a situation he was facing.  He was looking at the following class hierarchy: abstract class OriginalBase { protected virtual void Test() { } } abstract class SecondaryBase : OriginalBase { } class FirstConcrete : SecondaryBase { } class SecondConcrete : SecondaryBase { } Basically, the first 2 classes are abstract classes, but the OriginalBase class has Test implemented as a virtual method.  What he needed was to force concrete class implementations to provide a proper body for the Test method, but he can’t do mark the method as abstract since it is already implemented in the OriginalBase class. One way to solve this is to hide the original implementation and then force further derived classes to properly implemented another method that will replace it.  The code will look like the following: abstract class OriginalBase { protected virtual void Test() { } } abstract class SecondaryBase : OriginalBase { protected sealed override void Test() { Test2(); } protected abstract void Test2(); } class FirstConcrete : SecondaryBase { // Have to override Test2 here } class SecondConcrete : SecondaryBase { // Have to override Test2 here } With the above code, SecondaryBase class will seal the Test method so it can no longer be overridden.  Then it also made an abstract method Test2 available, which will force the concrete classes to override and provide the proper implementation.  Calling Test will properly call the proper Test2 implementation in each respective concrete classes. I was wondering if there’s a way to tell the compiler to treat the Test method in SecondaryBase as abstract, and apparently you can, by combining the abstract and override keywords.  The code looks like the following: abstract class OriginalBase { protected virtual void Test() { } } abstract class SecondaryBase : OriginalBase { protected abstract override void Test(); } class FirstConcrete : SecondaryBase { // Have to override Test here } class SecondConcrete : SecondaryBase { // Have to override Test here } The method signature makes it look a bit funky, because most people will treat the override keyword to mean you then need to provide the implementation as well, but the effect is exactly as we desired.  The concepts are still valid: you’re overriding the Test method from its original implementation in the OriginalBase class, but you don’t want to implement it, rather you want to classes that derive from SecondaryBase to provide the proper implementation, so you also make it as an abstract method. I don’t think I’ve ever seen this before in the wild, so it was pretty neat to find that the compiler does support this case.

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