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• Cleaning Up Unused Users and Groups (Ubuntu 10.10 Server)

  - by PhpMyCoder

  Hello experts, I'm very much a beginner when it comes to Ubuntu and I've been learning the ropes by diving in and writing a (backend-language independent) web app framework that relies on apache, some clever mod_rewrites, Ubuntu permissions, groups, and users. One thing that really annoys my inner clean-freak is that there are loads of users and groups that are created when Ubuntu is installed that are never used (Or so I think). Since I'm just running a simple web app server, I would like to know: What users/groups can I remove? Since you'll probably ask for it...here's a list of all the users on my box (excluding the ones I know that I need): root daemon bin sys sync man lp mail uucp proxy backup list irc gnats nobody libuuid syslog And a list of all of the groups: root daemon bin sys adm tty disk lp mail uucp man proxy kmem dialout fax voice cdrom floppy tape sudo audio dip backup operator list irc src gnats shadow utmp video sasl plugdev users nogroup libuuid crontab syslog fuse mlocate ssl-cert lpadmin sambashare admin

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• puppet duplicate resources and virtual resources

  - by user45097

  Overview Hi just started using Puppet and have been unable to suss something. Problem Because of normalization when I add 2 classes to a node with packages that have the same dependencies it fails. In simple terms have duplicate resources - in this case the package libssl. Note: packages are being held to prevent latest packages being installed. QUestion What's the best practice way to get round this? class ssh { package { 'openssh-server': ensure = installed, require = libssl } package { 'libssl': ensure = installed, } } class apache { package { 'apache': ensure = installed, require = libssl, } package { 'libssl': ensure = installed, } } node server { include apache include openssl-server

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• Server Security

  - by mahatmanich

  I want to run my own root server (directly accessible from the web without a hardware firewall) with debian lenny, apache2, php5, mysql, postfix MTA, sftp (based on ssh) and maybe dns server. What measures/software would you recomend, and why, to secure this server down and minimalize the attack vector? Webapplications aside ... This is what I have so far: iptables (for gen. packet filtering) fail2ban (brute force attack defense) ssh (chang default, port disable root access) modsecurity - is really clumsy and a pain (any alternative here?) ?Sudo why should I use it? what is the advantage to normal user handling thinking about greensql for mysql www.greensql.net is tripwire worth looking at? snort? What am I missing? What is hot and what is not? Best practices? I like "KISS" - Keep it simple secure, I know it would be nice! Thanks in advance ...

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• Draytek Vigor 2820 static IP's

  - by dannymcc

  I have a Draytek Vigor 2820 router which is connected to our ADSL provider (British Telecom, BT). We currently have one static IP address which is accessible from anywhere outside of our network and points at a simple web server on port 80. We have just been given 5 more static IP addresses which I would like to point at five servers that have static IP's. As an example: Current static IP - 80.123.123.123 New Static IP's - 100.100.100.100-105 Server IP's - 192.168.1.129-133 I have confused myself completely between NAT addresses, static routes and WAN IP aliases. If anyone can give me a clear idea of what I need to do it would be greatly appreciated.

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• nginx: rewrite a non-existent php-file to another php-file with all arguments

  - by at0m33

  i really need help here. Sitting for some time now and dont figured it out. I want to realize a very simple task - rewrite a non-existent php file to another existant php file with all arguments like: this http://example.com/nonexistent.php?url=google.com to -> http://example.com/existent.php?url=google.com I tried something like this: rewrite ^/nonexistent.php /existent.php; Which dont works (File not found). But redirect a non-existent html file to a php file like this: rewrite ^/nonexistent.html /existent.php; works. I dont want to rewrite a html file, but this is still a confusing behaviour. Therefore it tried also something like this (and some variations): rewrite ^/nonexistent.php?url=^(.*)$ /existent.php?url=$1; which is also not working. (Maybe the syntax is bad) Any help here? It would be very nice!

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• Getting apache to use ldap group and filesystem group information

  - by Angelo

  We have an Apache server which serves out of a particular directory, and just supplies a listing of files. From this directory, each subdirectory is owned by a certain group of users (at the filesystem level). User groups are determined by a posixGroup in ldap. Is there any simple way I can tell Apache to authorize access based on filesystem permissions, just like if the users were to access the filesystem from a shell? I would like to be able to simply add users/groups/directories without having to add another Directory or Location directive in Apache's conf?

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• plesk 9 spamassassin server wide blacklist via cron?

  - by Kqk

  we're running ubuntu 8.04 LTS and plesk 9.2 our simple task is to set up a periodic black list for spamassassin, e.g. using this script .. #!/bin/sh #! Script by AJR to update local spamassassin rules cd /tmp wget -c http://www.stearns.org/sa-blacklist/sa-blacklist.current mv sa-blacklist.current local.cf -f mv local.cf /etc/mail/spamassassin -f rm local.cf -f /etc/init.d/psa-spamassassin restart now, this script runs fine, but plesk doesn't seem to recognize the blacklist in its GUI. which is annoying, especially because plesk itself writes to /etc/mail/spamassassin/local.cf. i wasn't able to find out the secret place, where plesk distinguishes between entries in local.cf added via GUI and command line. any help is appreciated! thanks.

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• Proxy via Telnet

  - by Vreality2007

  I know telnet is insecure and all, but I'm stuck using it because ssh is blocked. I know how to setup ssh to bind the connection to a local port, is there a way to do this with telnet? For example, if I am using an ssh connection, I would bind it to port 999 like this: ssh -D 999 [email protected] -N -C I've tried using the -b command in linux, but to no avail. Is this even possible? This is what I've tried: telnet host.com -b 999 I'm sorry if the answer is obvious, but I've done a lot of research and testing and I can't seem to figure this out. NOTE: I plan on telling the admin if I can find a way to get this to work, this is based off of simple curiosity and not malicious intent. If I can't bind a telnet port, is there a way to tunnel an ssh connection through telnet?

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• Prefix files with the current directory name using Powershell

  - by XST

  I have folders with images (*.png and *.jpg) >C:\Directory\Folder1 01.png 02.png 03.jpg 04.jpg 05.png And I want to rename all the files like this using powershell: >C:\Directory\Folder1 Folder1 - 01.png Folder1 - 02.png Folder1 - 03.jpg Folder1 - 04.jpg Folder1 - 05.png So I came up with this simple line: Get-ChildItem | Where-Object { $_.Extension -eq ".jpg" -or $_.Extension -eq ".png"} | rename-item -newname {$_.Directory.Name +" - " + $_.Name} If I have 35 or less files in the folder, I will have the wanted result, but if there is 36 or more files, I will end up with this: >C:\Directory\Folder1 Folder1Folder1Folder1 - 01.png Folder1Folder1Folder1 - 02.png Folder1Folder1Folder1 - 03.jpg Folder1Folder1Folder1 - 04.jpg Folder1Folder1Folder1 - 05.png The loop stops when the file's name exceeds 248 characters. Any ideas why it's looping?

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• Are there any 5.1 surround audio switches on the market?

  - by thepurplepixel

  (Somewhat related to this question) I have a set of Logitech 5.1 surround speakers, which use 3 stereo 3.5mm TRS connectors (minijacks) to transfer the audio (the typical green/black/orange audio outputs). I have a Griffin Firewave hooked up to my MacBook Pro, and my desktop has a Realtek ALC889 audio chipset. I have looked for a way to, essentially, switch the speaker inputs between my Firewave and my desktop without having to disconnect the cables from one, route them around my desk, and plug them into the other. I'd love to have something like an old Belkin DB-25/LPT switch, but for these audio cables. Of course, purchasing one and soldering my own cables on the connection terminals is always an option, but, is there a reasonably priced 5.1 audio switch (or 3x stereo) on the market that will accomplish the simple task of switching audio outputs between two computers into a set of 5.1 speakers? Thanks in advance!

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• GPO best practices : Security-Group Filtering Versus OU

  - by Olivier Rochaix

  Good afternoon everyone, I'm quite new to Active Directory stuff. After upgraded Functional level of our AD from 2003 to 2008 R2 (I need it to put fine-grained password policy), I then start to reorganized my OUs. I keep in mind that a good OU organization facilitate application of GPO (and maybe GPP).But in the end, it feels more natural for me to use Security-group filtering (from Scope tab) to apply my policies, instead of direct OU. Do you think it is a good practice or should I stick to OU ? We are a small organisation with 20 users and 30-35 computers. So, we got a simple OU tree, but more subtle split with security-groups. The OU tree doesn't contain any objects except at the bottom level. Each bottom level OU contains Computers,Users, and of course security groups. These security groups contains Users & Computers of the same OU. Thanks for your advices, Olivier

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• How do I pipe a list of numbers straight from the shell into a command?

  - by learnvst

  How do I pipe a list of numbers straight from the shell into a command? For exampe something like this [1,2,3,4] | sort would give 1 2 3 4 EDIT: In response to the answers kindly posted so far . . . I ask this, because I want to quickly test and debug a console application that takes many numbers as it input without having to type lots of individual values followed by carriage returns. I'd like to just type in the 'one liner' and hit the up arrow now and then to replay the command. Ideally, I'd like to do this without using a text file containing the values (which would obviously be the most simple way to do this.)

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• How to enable the php 5.4.x version on Mountain Lion

  - by skiabox

  I have installed the latest php version on my mountain lion system using these instructions (http://mac.tutsplus.com/tutorials/server/upgrading-the-native-php-installation-on-os-x-mountain-lion/). I even put /usr/local/bin first in my path variable, so when I run php -v at the command line I get php v5.4.x The problem is that when I run a simple script (with the phpinfo() function inside) the page tells me that I am running the old 5.3.x php version that comes pre-installed with mac os mountain lion. I even tried to restart apache, but the problem remains. Any ideas on this one? Thank you.

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• Web based library management (FOSS) application

  - by pgb

  I'm looking for a FOSS web-based library management application. I want to manage the few books we have at our company, and I'm looking for applications that provide a simple web interface to: Add new books. Search for books. (Not Required) Place holds on books. My ideal would be something like Delicious Library, but web based and open source. I've looked at Koha (which I could not install), Emilda, which seems to be a dead project (last emails are from 2006 and I could not install it) and VuFind which looks awesome but doesn't provide (or I could not find) an interface to add new records to the library. Any suggestions?

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• How do I tell sudo to write files with a umask of 0022?

  - by mipadi

  I recently upgrading to Snow Leopard. I have noticed that some files written by MacPorts are installed with the wrong permission -- they are written with a umask of 0077. I think I have narrowed down the problem: The port command is invoked via sudo. My .bashrc file specifies a umask of 0077. On older versions of OS X (10.5 and below), sudo used the umask of the root user (which was 0022); however, now it uses my umask of 0077. Is there anyway to have sudo use the old behavior? Right now, it's kind of annoying because I have to use sudo to run simple commands like port installed, port outdated, etc. (The problem is described in more detail in this MacPorts ticket.) Edit I discovered the umask option for sudo, and in /etc/sudoers I added the following line: Defaults umask=0022 However, this did not function as desired, because the real umask used by sudo is the union of the user mask with this default mask.

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• Adding Blogger template to predefined list

  - by espais

  I am working on updating a Blogger layout for a friend's website, and haven't had much luck in searching for this. Essentially, I want to create the template and show them before pushing it live. At present, there are lists of sample templates (Simple, Dynamic, etc), and I'd like to add mine as a clickable button for them to preview. When I attempt to import it, it is automatically published as the live template...but I don't want it to be seen before they review it. I want them to be able to switch between the current version and my version to see what is preferred. Is this even possible? It would be extraordinarily straightforward in WordPress, but I've never used blogger before...

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• apache rewrite debian vs windows

  - by user1079002

  I have simple rewrite rules as I just learned about them RewriteEngine On RewriteRule ^dl/(.*)/.*$ dl/$1/index.php [L] RewriteRule ^index.php$ upload.js [L] both are working on Windows for url localhost/upload/dl/mkdji/index.php, but on Debian works only second rule for url www.domain.com/index.php, but not for www.domain.com/dl/oksoks/index.php After dl is some random string. Obviously I'm missing something regarding directory depth, but don't know what. file htacces is in localhost/upload and root of domain.com folders. What am I missing here?

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• Configuring SMB shares in OS X

  - by Craig Walker

  I'm at my wit's end trying to control SMB file sharing on my Mac. (OS X 10.5 Leopard). I want to do something fairly simple: share a particular (non-home, non-Public) folder over my my SMB/Windows network with two users (accounts are local to my Mac), and share no other folders with anyone. The instructions on the internet are fairly straightforward: add the folders to be shared to the File Sharing panel of the Sharing System Preferences pane: ..and ensure that I'm sharing through SMB: However, when I actually try to connect via a SMB client (Windows XP in this case), the share does not appear. I see my home directory, "Macintosh HD", and my printers, but not the folder I just shared. I ensured that the underlying directory had the proper permissions (since this seems to affect share visibility) and that the "Shared Folder" checkbox was checked: ...but this didn't have any effect. I checked /etc/smb.conf but there was nothing obviously out of place there. I've also restarted smbd and rebooted. What else should I be looking for?

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• Any command line tool checking windows domain password?

  - by Chen Jun

  Does Windows provide a command line utility that lets me check a domain user's password? It is sufficient that the utility returns success(0) if I provide a matching domain user name and password. Alternatively, is there a simple VB/JS script that can do this? I'm the Intranet admin of my company and have the default password set for corporate staff, so I'd like to quickly scan which users have not changed their default password. Better yet, are there any books or websites which cover such topics so that I can get more information?

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• Install Ruby 1.8.7 on Fedora 11/12

  - by tadman

  Is there a simple way to install Ruby 1.8.7 on Fedora 11 or 12 without side-stepping the yum/RPM package management system too severely? Building from source is always an option, but it tends to deploy things in irregular places and proves to be more fuss to maintain in the long run. A self-built RPM is okay, but I'm presuming there's a .rpm out there somewhere already. Rails is not especially happy with 1.8.6 and the Fedora community, for various reasons, considers 1.8.7 to be toxic and best avoided.

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• How to correctly add daemon in MacOS 10.6.6 via launchd?

  - by Eye of Hell

  Hello. I have a very simple task to accomplish: to start tomcat application server on latest MacOS as a daemon. I have performed following steps: Installed Tomcat in /Library/Tomcat/Home Validated that it runs fine by executed /Library/Tomcat/Home/bin/startup.sh Added org.apache.tomcat.plist file to /Library/LaunchDaemons as found on internet (http://blog.i18n.ro/complete-guide-for-installing-hudson-ci-on-os-x-10-6/) Instructed MacOS to load a daemon description via sudo launchctl load org.apache.tomcat.plist. It succeeded (issuing this command second time outputs "already loaded"). Instructed MacOS to start a daeon via sudo launchctl start org.apache.tomcat.plist At this point MacOS shows an error "launchctl start error: No such process". I have checked the logfile for launchd - it have no record for this error. Google says nothing. And from error text i can't figure out what is the "process" and why it is "wrong" :(. Any hints what i'm doing wrong?

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• Delay between printing via lp in opensuse

  - by adamweeks

  I am experiencing a 10-15 second delay when printing multiple documents to a barcode printer in opensuse. I have had the same setup on other systems with older versions of opensuse without any issue. The setup is as follows: The print queue is setup as a "generic with driver Raw Queue". The files being sent down to the printers are simple text files with the lp command: lp -dprinter1 /path/file The printer is a JetDirect compatible device (Intermec brand) with a standard 9100 port socket setup. If I send a multi-page document to the printer, it will print nonstop the multiple pages. If I send 2 or more text files down via separate "lp" commands, the delay will be there between each printout. I've tried multiple different printers and they all experience the same issue.

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• Accessing IPv6 router interface from a minimal Fedora installation?

  - by Zack

  I've recently installed Fedora 16 and am trying to set up a simple apache server. The only problem I've run into so far is that I'm unable to access my router's web interface from any box on my network. It assigns addresses via dhcp, and the router always responds to a ping. The server is also picking up an IP from the router on the proper subnet. Now, all I really need to do is forward a port, however I am receiving "Unable to connect" through the web interfaces and "connection refused" via telnet. What are my options, and how might I go about troubleshooting this? Will I need the server's ip to be static in order to change these settings? The router is a "Netopia" model, if that helps.

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• Windows Server Backup 2012 error - "The version does not support this version of the file format."

  - by Cylindric

  I'm trying out Windows Server 2012, specifically Windows Server Backup, as it would be a very useful way to see us through until we can upgrade our 'real' backup system. I'm backing up to a network share, and a Server 2008 WSB works fine. On the 2012 server however, I get an error: Backup of volume \?\Volume{298d1a7d-f80f-11e1-93e8-806e6f6e6963}\ has failed. The version does not support this version of the file format. It's a VHDX written by WSB, so I'm not sure what version it's complaining about. I can see a whole bunch of files in the destination, so I don't think it's a simple authentication issue, but I only get about 8Mb of VHDX written.

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• Where to start? Server profiling tools

  - by Dave Chenell

  So I have a website, users upload images, people view images etc. Simple enough. Lots of writes and reads everywhere. Its built in MySQL and PHP on Apache. We have one dedicated server. Right now we are getting hammered with unexpected press and users and our CPU cycle is out of control, slowing down the entire site. Off hand I am guessing its either the saving of the image to the disk, or the Mysql queries. What tools can I use to educate myself on what is happening and pinpoint the problem? How can I find out what is happening in detail in this time of crisis?

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