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  • Linux fsck.ext3 says "Device or resource busy" although I did not mount the disk.

    - by matnagel
    I am running an ubuntu 8.04 server instance with a 8GB virtual disk on vmware 1.0.9. For disk maintenance I made a copy of the virtual disk (by making a copy of the 2 vmdk files of sda on the stopped vm on the host) and added it to the original vm. Now this vm has it's original virtual disk sda plus a 1:1 copy (sdd). There are 2 additional disk sdb and sdc which I ignore.) I would expect sdb not to be mounted when I start the vm. So I try tp do a ext2 fsck on sdd from the running vm, but it reports fsck reported that sdb was mounted. $ sudo fsck.ext3 -b 8193 /dev/sdd e2fsck 1.40.8 (13-Mar-2008) fsck.ext3: Device or resource busy while trying to open /dev/sdd Filesystem mounted or opened exclusively by another program? The "mount" command does not tell me sdd is mounted: $ sudo mount /dev/sda1 on / type ext3 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) /sys on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) varrun on /var/run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,mode=0755) varlock on /var/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,mode=1777) udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devshm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620) /dev/sdc1 on /mnt/r1 type ext3 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro) /dev/sdb1 on /mnt/k1 type ext3 (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro) securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) When I ignore the warning and continue the fsck, it reported many errors. How do I get this under control? Is there a better way to figure out if sdd is mounted? Or how is it "busy? How to unmount it then? How to prevent ubuntu from automatically mounting. Or is there something else I am missing? Also from /var/log/syslog I cannot see it is mounted, this is the last part of the startup sequence: kernel: [ 14.229494] ACPI: Power Button (FF) [PWRF] kernel: [ 14.230326] ACPI: AC Adapter [ACAD] (on-line) kernel: [ 14.460136] input: PC Speaker as /devices/platform/pcspkr/input/input3 kernel: [ 14.639366] udev: renamed network interface eth0 to eth1 kernel: [ 14.670187] eth1: link up kernel: [ 16.329607] input: ImPS/2 Generic Wheel Mouse as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/ kernel: [ 16.367540] parport_pc 00:08: reported by Plug and Play ACPI kernel: [ 16.367670] parport0: PC-style at 0x378, irq 7 [PCSPP,TRISTATE] kernel: [ 19.425637] NET: Registered protocol family 10 kernel: [ 19.437550] lo: Disabled Privacy Extensions kernel: [ 24.328857] loop: module loaded kernel: [ 24.449293] lp0: using parport0 (interrupt-driven). kernel: [ 26.075499] EXT3 FS on sda1, internal journal kernel: [ 28.380299] kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds kernel: [ 28.381706] EXT3 FS on sdc1, internal journal kernel: [ 28.381747] EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. kernel: [ 28.444867] kjournald starting. Commit interval 5 seconds kernel: [ 28.445436] EXT3 FS on sdb1, internal journal kernel: [ 28.445444] EXT3-fs: mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. kernel: [ 31.309766] eth1: no IPv6 routers present kernel: [ 35.054268] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team mysqld_safe[4367]: started mysqld[4370]: 100124 14:40:21 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 10130914 mysqld[4370]: 100124 14:40:21 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. mysqld[4370]: Version: '5.0.51a-3ubuntu5.4' socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' port: 3 /etc/mysql/debian-start[4417]: Upgrading MySQL tables if necessary. /etc/mysql/debian-start[4422]: Looking for 'mysql' in: /usr/bin/mysql /etc/mysql/debian-start[4422]: Looking for 'mysqlcheck' in: /usr/bin/mysqlcheck /etc/mysql/debian-start[4422]: This installation of MySQL is already upgraded to 5.0.51a, u /etc/mysql/debian-start[4436]: Checking for insecure root accounts. /etc/mysql/debian-start[4444]: Checking for crashed MySQL tables.

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  • How do I get a .Net 4.0 app to coexist as an application under a SharePoint 2007 website in IIS v7?

    - by Craig Nakamoto
    I have created a small .Net 4.0 website and installed it on my SharePoint server as a separate web site in IIS v7 (using port 8008 for now). I had to install the .Net 4 framework, set up the database, etc. and this all went smoothly and my app works as a standalone website. Now I am trying to get pages from my website to show up in SharePoint 2007. For various reasons (the SharePoint site is using SSL, security, etc.) I now need to move my .Net app to run under the SharePoint 2007 site in IIS. I have added it as an 'Application' and set it up with the same .Net v4 application pool and settings that were working when it was set up as a standalone site. Now when I try to access the application I get the error at the end of this description. Any help would be greatly appreciated. I already tried following the instructions on this post: http://blogs.msdn.com/sgoodyear/archive/2007/05/07/custom-web-applications-coexisting-with-sharepoint-2007.aspx but that did not help. Thanks! Craig p.s. Here are the error details: Log Name: Application Source: ASP.NET 4.0.30319.0 Date: 11/05/2010 11:49:31 AM Event ID: 1310 Task Category: Web Event Level: Warning Keywords: Classic User: N/A Computer: GGI-SP1.ggi.ca Description: Event code: 3008 Event message: A configuration error has occurred. Event time: 11/05/2010 11:49:31 AM Event time (UTC): 11/05/2010 3:49:31 PM Event ID: 559d7ac619344f3499a4a31c6c9e58cd Event sequence: 1 Event occurrence: 1 Event detail code: 0 Application information: Application domain: /LM/W3SVC/1653978112/ROOT/bidmonitor-1-129180665715766107 Trust level: Application Virtual Path: /bidmonitor Application Path: C:\inetpub\wwwroot\bidmonitor\ Machine name: GGI-SP1 Process information: Process ID: 5272 Process name: w3wp.exe Account name: NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE Exception information: Exception type: ConfigurationErrorsException Exception message: Could not find permission set named 'ASP.Net'. at System.Web.Hosting.ApplicationManager.CreateAppDomainWithHostingEnvironment(String appId, IApplicationHost appHost, HostingEnvironmentParameters hostingParameters) at System.Web.HttpRuntime.HostingInit(HostingEnvironmentFlags hostingFlags, PolicyLevel policyLevel, Exception appDomainCreationException) Request information: Request URL: gginet.ggi.ca/bidmonitor Request path: /bidmonitor User host address: 10.10.1.33 User: Is authenticated: False Authentication Type: Thread account name: NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE Thread information: Thread ID: 3 Thread account name: NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK SERVICE Is impersonating: False Stack trace: at System.Web.HttpRuntime.HostingInit(HostingEnvironmentFlags hostingFlags, PolicyLevel policyLevel, Exception appDomainCreationException)

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  • How to set up Mod_WSGI for Python on Ubuntu

    - by AutomatedTester
    Hi, I am trying to setup MOD_WSGI on my Ubuntu box. I have found steps that said I needed to do the following steps I found at http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=833766 sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-wsgi sudo a2enmod mod-wsgi sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart sudo gedit /etc/apache2/sites-available/default and update the Directory <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews ExecCGI AddHandler cgi-script .cgi AddHandler wsgi-script .wsgi AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart Created test.wsgi with def application(environ, start_response): status = '200 OK' output = 'Hello World!' response_headers = [('Content-type', 'text/plain'), ('Content-Length', str(len(output)))] start_response(status, response_headers) return [output] Step 2 fails because it says it can't find mod-wsgi even though the apt-get found it. If I carry on with the steps the python app just shows as plain text in a browser. Any ideas what I have done wrong? EDIT: Results for questions asked automatedtester@ubuntu:~$ dpkg -l libapache2-mod-wsgi Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold | Status=Not/Inst/Cfg-files/Unpacked/Failed-cfg/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend |/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad) ||/ Name Version Description +++-======================================-======================================-============================================================================================ ii libapache2-mod-wsgi 2.5-1 Python WSGI adapter module for Apache automatedtester@ubuntu:~$ dpkg -s libapache2-mod-wsgi Package: libapache2-mod-wsgi Status: install ok installed Priority: optional Section: python Installed-Size: 376 Maintainer: Ubuntu MOTU Developers <[email protected]> Architecture: i386 Source: mod-wsgi Version: 2.5-1 Depends: apache2, apache2.2-common, libc6 (>= 2.4), libpython2.6 (>= 2.6), python (>= 2.5), python (<< 2.7) Suggests: apache2-mpm-worker | apache2-mpm-event Conffiles: /etc/apache2/mods-available/wsgi.load 06d2b4d2c95b28720f324bd650b7cbd6 /etc/apache2/mods-available/wsgi.conf 408487581dfe024e8475d2fbf993a15c Description: Python WSGI adapter module for Apache The mod_wsgi adapter is an Apache module that provides a WSGI (Web Server Gateway Interface, a standard interface between web server software and web applications written in Python) compliant interface for hosting Python based web applications within Apache. The adapter provides significantly better performance than using existing WSGI adapters for mod_python or CGI. Original-Maintainer: Debian Python Modules Team <[email protected]> Homepage: http://www.modwsgi.org/ automatedtester@ubuntu:~$ sudo a2enmod libapache2-mod-wsgi ERROR: Module libapache2-mod-wsgi does not exist! automatedtester@ubuntu:~$ sudo a2enmod mod-wsgi ERROR: Module mod-wsgi does not exist! FURTHER EDIT FOR RMYates automatedtester@ubuntu:~$ apache2ctl -t -D DUMP_MODULES apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName Loaded Modules: core_module (static) log_config_module (static) logio_module (static) mpm_worker_module (static) http_module (static) so_module (static) alias_module (shared) auth_basic_module (shared) authn_file_module (shared) authz_default_module (shared) authz_groupfile_module (shared) authz_host_module (shared) authz_user_module (shared) autoindex_module (shared) cgid_module (shared) deflate_module (shared) dir_module (shared) env_module (shared) mime_module (shared) negotiation_module (shared) python_module (shared) setenvif_module (shared) status_module (shared) Syntax OK automatedtester@ubuntu:~$

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  • Partitioning recommendations for a Proxmox VM Server (OpenVZ)

    - by luison
    We are new to virtualization and we are planning to turn our online server into a virualized one, mainly for maintenance, backup and recovery improvements. Initially we would only have one real virtual system with load plus 1-3 copys for testing and recovering and maybe a small centralized syslog virtual machine. We would like, if possible the host machine to include an iptables plus rsync to back up to other machines and some other global security systems. Due to this and the offerings of our hosting supplier we are mainly considering Proxmox for its simplicity (we like the idea of its web admin panel) and as I also understand that the container approach of OpenVMZ systems may fit well resource wise with our setup. The base system comes with debian so we can personalise it to our requirements. Proxmox installations default installs an LVM partition for the VMs. Our doubts are with the fact of what would be the best partition structure for this considering that: we would like to have a mirror of the root partition we could boot from if required (our provider supports booting the system from another partition via control panel) we ideally would like to have a partition that could be shared among the VM systems. We still don't know if this is possible directly with OpenVMZ containers, otherwise we are considering doing this by sharing it via NFS on the host machine. we want to use the backup system available on the proxmox host administrator to programme VMs backups and then rsync it to another machine. With this based on a Linux Raid of aprox (750Gb) we are considering something like: ext3_1/ - (20Gb) ext3_2/bak_root - (20Gb) mostly unmounted, root partition sync LVM_1 /var/lib/vz - (390Gb) partition for virtual images LVM_2 /shared_data - (30Gb) LVM_3 /backups - (300Gb) where all backups would be allocated Our initial tests with Proxmox seem to have issues with snapshots backups like this, perhaps caused by the fact that they can not be done to another LVM partition (error: command 'lvcreate --size 1024M --snapshot --name vzsnap-ns204084.XXX.net-0 /dev/pve/LV' failed with exit code 5) in which case we might have to use a standart ext3 partition (but unsure if we can do this with the 4 primary partition limitations). Does this makes more or less sense? Would it be mad to for example write VMs /var/logs to a NFS mounted partition (on the host system)? Are their any other easier ways to mount host system partitions (or folders) to the VMs?

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  • Roaming user profile issues on Server 2008

    - by Alicia White
    I thought I cleared a user's profile from 2008, but it keeps coming back. So, I was looking for the best way to clear a roaming profile in Server 2008, but I have been unable to find anything. But, I did see the post here: http://serverfault.com/questions/18724/user-profile-keeps-loading-temp-profile I wanted to add a comment to that post, but it was closed as not being related to sysadmin. But, I think it IS related because I dealt with precisely this same problem on our Wndows 2008 terminal server. Here was the issue: we have a user who was getting an "unable to load your roaming profile" type of error at logon in Windows 2008. Looking at the server, we could see her temp profile listed in the profile list while she was loggged (listed as a "temporary" and not a "roaming" profile). While she was logged on, a folder called C:\Users\Temp.DOMAIN existed in the users folder, but that disappeared as soon as she logged out. When this thing happened in 2003, we would clear the contents of the roaming profile folder & delete the temp folder in C:\Documents and Settings. The thing is, 2008 behaves a bit differently. Server 2008 created a new roaming profile folder in the roaming profile folder share: \SERVER\ProfileShare\UserName.V2 The local profile disappears from the profile list in System Properties, so there is no profile to clear Also the local profile folder, C:\Users\Temp.DOMAIN doesn't stay on the server when the user logs out, so we can't delete that as we would normally do when this sort of thing happens in Windows 2003 Despite all of this, every time the user logs back on, the frickin' Temp profile always comes back. One of my team-mates, who is much more experienced with 2008, said I should check the registry for the user's profile in this key (the users are listed by SID): HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\WindowsNT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList I saw the user's SID listed there, but it ended in .BAK. I checked several other servers where she is having the same profile errors: in all cases, her SID ended with .BAK. For example (xxx replacing the LONG SID): HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList\S-1-5-21-xxxxx-xxxx.bak On the server she was logged on to, there were two keys for her profile in the registry: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList\S-1-5-21-xxxxx-xxxx and HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList\S-1-5-21-xxxxx-xxxx.bak So, here is how I cleared up the issue. I had the user log off. I deleted the apparently bad profiles ending in .BAK from the ProfileList key on each server where it appeared. I made sure her roaming profile folder was empty I made sure that all the TEMP profile folders were gone The user logged back on: no more profile errors! Anyway, I wanted to make a comment on that closed question, but I didn't see any way to re-open the question so I could add it. But, I also would like to know if this is the best practice to clear out a bad roaming profile for Server 2008? I'm having a hard time finding any instructions on line on how best to do this, but this method I used seemed to work. I'd like to find some documentation to give to our Level 1 support staff so they will know how to clear user profiles on 2008 since this seems to be more involved that clearing user profiles in server 2003. Thanks, Alicia

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  • csync2 ERROR: Connection to remote host failed

    - by Emil Salama
    I was unable to find any articles to answer this question, so my best bet was to post this here: Scenario We have 2x application servers in production hosting a PHP website and I would like some folders to be syncronized between the 2, the same was setup for the development environment with no issues, I've followed all instructions from the URL "http://www.cloudedify.com/synchronising-files-in-cloud-with-csync2/", I still seem to have the same result, firewall has been disabled on both boxes for troubeshooting purposes: Config Files: cysnc2.cfg nossl * *; group production { host server1; host server2; key /etc/csync-production-group.key; include /etc/httpd/sites-available; include /xxxxxx/public_html/files include /xxxxxxx/magento/media/catalog/product include /xxxxxxx/magento/media/brands exclude *.log; exclude /xxxx/public_html/file/cache; exclude /xxxxx/public_html/magento/var/cache; exclude /xxxx/public_html/logs; exclude /xxxxx/public_html/magento/var/log; backup-directory /data/sync-conflicts/; backup-generations 2; auto younger; } /etc/xinetd.d/csync2 csync2.cfg service csync2 { disable = no flags = REUSE socket_type = stream wait = no user = root group = root server = /usr/sbin/csync2 server_args = -i -D /data/sync-db/ port = 30865 type = UNLISTED log_type = FILE /data/logs/csync2/csync2-xinetd.log log_on_failure += USERID } I've made sure that the daemon is listening on both server on port 30865 and the keys matched on both servers I've run a tcpdump on each server, output as follows: 12:20:31.366771 IP server1.49919 server2.csync2: Flags [S], seq 445156159, win 14600, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 794864936 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0 12:20:31.366810 IP server2.csync2 server1.49919: Flags [S.], seq 450593575, ack 445156160, win 14480, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 794798911 ecr 794864936,nop,wscale 7], length 0 12:20:31.367101 IP server1.49919 server2.csync2: Flags [.], ack 1, win 115, options [nop,nop,TS val 794864937 ecr 794798911], length 0 12:20:31.367138 IP server1.49919 server2.csync2: Flags [P.], seq 1:9, ack 1, win 115, options [nop,nop,TS val 794864937 ecr 794798911], length 8 12:20:31.367147 IP server2.csync2 server1.49919: Flags [.], ack 9, win 114, options [nop,nop,TS val 794798912 ecr 794864937], length 0 12:20:31.368625 IP server2.csync2 server1.49919: Flags [R.], seq 1, ack 9, win 114, options [nop,nop,TS val 794798913 ecr 794864937], length 0 Is there anything else i'm missing or should be doing?

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  • Wireless AAA for a small, bandwidth-limited hotel.

    - by Anthony Hiscox
    We (the tech I work with and myself) live in a remote northern town where Internet access is somewhat of a luxury, and bandwidth is quite limited. Here, overage charges ranging from few hundreds, to few thousands of dollars a month, is not uncommon. I myself incur regular monthly charges just through my regular Internet usage at home (I am allowed 10G for $60CAD!) As part of my work, I have found myself involved with several hotels that are feeling this. I know that I can come up with something to solve this problem, but I am relatively new to system administration and I don't want my dreams to overcome reality. So, I pass these ideas on to you, those with much more experience than I, in hopes you will share some of your thoughts and concerns. This system must be cost effective, yes the charges are high here, but the trust in technology is the lowest I've ever seen. Must be capable of helping client reduce their usage (squid) Allow a limited (throughput and total usage) amount of free Internet, as this is often franchise policy. Allow a user to track their bandwidth usage Allow (optional) higher speed and/or usage for an additional charge. This fee can be obtained at the front desk on checkout and should not require the use of PayPal or Credit Card. Unfortunately some franchises have ridiculous policies that require the use of a third party remote service to authenticate guests to your network. This means WPA is out, and it also means that I do not auth before Internet usage, that will be their job. However, I do require the ABILITY to perform authentication for Internet access if a hotel does not have this policy. I will still have to track bandwidth (under a guest account by default) and provide the same limiting, however the guest often will require a complete 'unlimited' access, in terms of existence, not throughput. Provide firewalling capabilities for hotels that have nothing, Office, and Guest network segregation (some of these guys are running their office on the guest network, with no encryption, and a simple TOS to get on!) Prevent guests from connecting to other guests, however provide a means to allow this to happen. IE. Each guest connects to a page and allows the other guest, this writes a iptables rule (with python-netfilter) and allows two rooms to play a game, for instance. My thoughts on how to implement this. One decent box (we'll call it a router now) with a lot of ram, and 3 NIC's: Internet Office Guests (AP's + In Room Ethernet) Router Firewall Rules Guest can talk to router only, through which they are routed to where they need to go, including Internet services. Office can be used to bridge Office to Internet if an existing solution is not in place, otherwise, it simply works for a network accessible web (webmin+python-webmin?) interface. Router Software: OpenVZ provides virtualization for a few services I don't really trust. Squid, FreeRADIUS and Apache. The only service directly accessible to guests is Apache. Apache has mod_wsgi and django, because I can write quickly using django and my needs are low. It also potentially has the FreeRADIUS mod, but there seems to be some caveats with this. Firewall rules are handled on the router with iptables. Webmin (or a custom django app maybe) provides abstracted control over any features that the staff may need to access. Python, if you haven't guessed it's the language I feel most comfortable in, and I use it for almost everything. And finally, has this been done, is it a overly massive project not worth taking on for one guy, and/or is there some tools I'm missing that could be making my life easier? For the record, I am fairly good with Python, but not very familiar with many other languages (I can struggle through PHP, it's a cosmetic issue there). I am also an avid linux user, and comfortable with config files and command line. Thank you for your time, I look forward to reading your responses. Edit: My apologies if this is not a Q&A in the sense that some were expecting, I'm just looking for ideas and to make sure I'm not trying to do something that's been done. I'm looking at pfSense now as a possible start for what I need.

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  • Network authentication + roaming home directory - which technology should I look into using?

    - by Brian
    I'm looking into software which provides a user with a single identity across multiple computers. That is, a user should have the same permissions on each computer, and the user should have access to all of his or her files (roaming home directory) on each computer. There seem to be many solutions for this general idea, but I'm trying to determine the best one for me. Here are some details along with requirements: The network of machines are Amazon EC2 instances running Ubuntu. We access the machines with SSH. Some machines on this LAN may have different uses, but I am only discussing machines for a certain use (running a multi-tenancy platform). The system will not necessarily have a constant amount of machines. We may have to permanently or temporarily alter the amount of machines running. This is the the reason why I'm looking into centralized authentication/storage. The implementation of this effect should be a secure one. We're unsure if users will have direct shell access, but their software will potentially be running (under restricted Linux user names, of course) on our systems, which is as good as direct shell access. Let's assume that their software could potentially be malicious for the sake of security. I have heard of several technologies/combinations to achieve my goal, but I'm unsure of the ramifications of each. An older ServerFault post recommended NFS & NIS, though the combination has security problems according to this old article by Symantec. The article suggests moving to NIS+, but, as it is old, this Wikipedia article has cited statements suggesting a trending away from NIS+ by Sun. The recommended replacement is another thing I have heard of... LDAP. It looks like LDAP can be used to save user information in a centralized location on a network. NFS would still need to be used to cover the 'roaming home folder' requirement, but I see references of them being used together. Since the Symantec article pointed out security problems in both NIS and NFS, is there software to replace NFS, or should I heed that article's suggestions for locking it down? I'm tending toward LDAP because another fundamental piece of our architecture, RabbitMQ, has a authentication/authorization plugin for LDAP. RabbitMQ will be accessible in a restricted manner to users on the system, so I would like to tie the security systems together if possible. Kerberos is another secure authentication protocol that I have heard of. I learned a bit about it some years ago in a cryptography class but don't remember much about it. I have seen suggestions online that it can be combined with LDAP in several ways. Is this necessary? What are the security risks of LDAP without Kerberos? I also remember Kerberos being used in another piece of software developed by Carnegie Mellon University... Andrew File System, or AFS. OpenAFS is available for use, though its setup seems a bit complicated. At my university, AFS provides both requirements... I can log in to any machine, and my "AFS folder" is always available (at least when I acquire an AFS token). Along with suggestions for which path I should look into, does anybody have any guides which were particularly helpful? As the bold text pointed out, LDAP looks to be the best choice, but I'm particularly interested in the implementation details (Keberos? NFS?) with respect to security.

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  • MD3200 - 3 to 4x less throughput than MD1220. Am I missing something here?

    - by Igor Polishchuk
    I have two R710 servers with similar configuration. One in my office has MD1220 attached. Another one in the datacenter of my hosting services vendor has MD3200. I'm getting significantly worse throughput from MD3200 at my vendors setup. I'm mostly interested in sequential writes, and I'm getting these results in bonnie++ and dd tests: Seq. writes on MD1220 in my office: 1.1 GB/s - bonnie++, 1.3GB/s - dd Seq. writes on MD3200 at my vendor's: 240MB/s - bonnie++, 310MB/s - dd Unfortunately, I could not test the exactly the same configurations, but the two I have should be comparable. If anything, my good performing environment is cheaper than the bad performing. I expect at least similar throughput from these two setups. My vendor cannot really help me. Hopefully, somebody more familiar with the DAS performance can look at it and tell if I'm missing something here and my expectations are too high. To summarize, the question here is it reasonable to expect about 100MB/s of sequential write throughput per each couple of drives in RAID10 on MD3200? Is there any trick to enable such performance in MD3200 with dual controller as opposed to simple MD1220 with a single H800 adapter? More details about the configurations: A good one in my office: Dell R710 2CPU X5650 @ 2.67GHz 12 cores 96GB DDR3, OS: RHEL 5.5, kernel 2.6.18-194.26.1.el5 x86_64 20x300GB 2.5" SAS 10K in a single RAID10 1MB chunk size on MD1220 + Dell H800 I/O controller with 1GB cache in the host Not so good one at my vendor's: Dell R710 2CPU L5520 @ 2.27GHz 8 cores 144GB DDR3, OS: RHEL 5.5, kernel 2.6.18-194.11.4.el5 x86_64 20x146GB 2.5" SAS 15K in a single RAID10 512KB chunk size, Dell MD3200, 2 I/O controllers in array with 1GB cache each Additional information. I've also ran the same tests on the same vendor's host, but the storage was: two raids of 14x146GB 15K RPM drives RAID 10, striped together on the OS level on MD3000+MD1000. The performance was about 25% worse than on MD3200 despite having more drives. When I ran similar tests on the internal storage of my vendor's host (2x146GB 15K RPM drives RAID1, Perc 6i) I've got about 128MB/s seq. writes. Just two internal drives gave me about a half of 20 drives' throughput on MD3200. The random I/O performance of the MD3200 setup is ok, it gives me at least 1300 IOPS. I'm mostly have problems with sequentioal I/O throughput. Thank you for looking into it. Regards Igor

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  • order of operations for environment variables

    - by alyda
    I want to understand how environment variables are set and reset (overridden). I'm running Apache/2.2.24 (Unix) PHP/5.4.14 on a mac . My theory is this: Environment vars can be set in bash, then they can be overwritten with httpd.conf preceding a VirtualHost directive that precedes php.ini, which can then be overwritten by .htaccess (if allowable) and finally by PHP I tried the following: setting environment variable in bash: I added export ENVIRONMENT='local' to my ~/.bashrc file, restarted apache and did not get any output from print_r($_ENV); (in a simple index.php file at the root of my webserver). I also tried putting ENVIRONMENT='local' into /etc/environment, and restarting apache, nothing, as well as /etc/bashrc, restart apache. still nothing. setting environment variable in httpd.conf: I added SetEnv ENVIRONMENT 'local-httpd to the end of my /etc/apache2/httpd.conf file (but before I load other conf files, such as virtual host [Include /private/etc/apache2/other/*.conf]). I now see the variable in the array print_r($_SERVER); but not print_r($_ENV);. setting environment variable in httpd-vhosts.conf: I added SetEnv ENVIRONMENT 'local-vhost to my /etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf file in my generic directive that points to my default document root. I now see the variable has been overwritten (to local-vhost from local-httpd, so I know where the variable is getting set). setting environment variable in php.ini: while searching for a proper place to put my environment variable, I noticed that variables_order = "GPCS" was set to the production value rather than EGPCS. I changed it, restarted my server and found that I was now getting output for print_r($_ENV); but not my expected custom variable. It also appears that I am not able to set a custom variable in this file. Please tell me if I am wrong setting environment variable in .htaccess: I added SetEnv ENVIRONMENT 'local-htaccess'. This worked as expected, overwriting all other values that were set. setting / overwriting environment variable in PHP: if (...) { putenv('ENVIRONMENT=local'); } I'm asking this question because I have a lot of local and remote testing servers, some of which may or may not allow me access to modify httpd, httpd-vhost, php.ini or environment variables. I want to understand what is best for those difference scenarios (shared hosting, heroku, local servers, etc) I obviously don't know how to properly set the environment variable in bash in a way that php can use it, I'd like to know how to do that (as I think Heroku does something similar with heroku config set...)

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  • Iptables config breaks Java + Elastic Search communication

    - by Agustin Lopez
    I am trying to set up a firewall for a server hosting a java app and ES. Both are on the same server and communicate to each other. The problem I am having is that my firewall configuration prevents java from connecting to ES. Not sure why really.... I have tried lot of stuff like opening the port range 9200:9400 to the server ip without any luck but from what I know all communication inside the server should be allowed with this configuration. The idea is that ES should not be accessible from outside but it should be accessible from this java app and ES uses the port range 9200:9400. This is my iptables script: echo -e Deleting rules for INPUT chain iptables -F INPUT echo -e Deleting rules for OUTPUT chain iptables -F OUTPUT echo -e Deleting rules for FORWARD chain iptables -F FORWARD echo -e Setting by default the drop policy on each chain iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD DROP echo -e Open all ports from/to localhost iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT echo -e Open SSH port 22 with brute force security iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent --set --name SSH --rsource iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m recent --rcheck --seconds 30 --hitcount 4 --rttl --name SSH --rsource -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m recent --rcheck --seconds 30 --hitcount 3 --rttl --name SSH --rsource -j LOG --log-prefix "SSH brute force " iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m recent --update --seconds 30 --hitcount 3 --rttl --name SSH --rsource -j REJECT --reject-with tcp-reset iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT echo -e Open NGINX port 80 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT echo -e Open NGINX SSL port 443 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT echo -e Enable DNS iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --sport 53 --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --sport 53 --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT And I get this in the java app when this config is in place: org.elasticsearch.cluster.block.ClusterBlockException: blocked by: [SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE/1/state not recovered / initialized];[SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE/2/no master]; at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:700) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482) at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:403) Do any of you see any problem with this configuration and ES? Thanks in advance

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  • All the Gear and No Idea: Suggestions for re-designing my home/office/entertainment network

    - by 5arx
    Help/ Advice/ Suggestions please: I have a load of kit that I love but which currently operate in disconnected, sometimes counter-productive way. Because I never really had a masterplan I just added these things one after another and connected them up in ad hoc ways. Since I bought my Macbook I've found I spend much less time on the MacPro that was until then my main machine. Perversely, as my job involves writing .Net software, I spend a lot of Mac time actually inside a Windows 7 VM. I stream media from the HP box to the PS3 and thus to the TV, but its not without its limitations/annoyances. We listen to each other's iTunes libraries but the music files are all over the place and it would be good to know they were all safely in one location (and fully backed up). I need to come up with a strategy that will allow me to use all the kit for work, play (recording live music, making tunes, iMovie work), pushing/streaming media to the TV and sharing files with my other half (she uses a Windows laptop and her iPod touch). Ideally I'd like to be able to work on any of the machines and have a shared homedrive that was visible to all machines so all my current files were synced up wherever i was. It would be great if I could access everything securely and quickly over the web. I'd also like to be able to set up a background backup process. The kit list thus far: Apple MacPro 8GB/3x250GB RAID0 + 1TB Apple MacBook Pro 13" 8GB/250GB - I spend a lot of my work time on a Windows 7 VM on this. Crappy Acer laptop (for children's use - iPlayer, watching movies/tv files) HP Proliant Server 4GB/80GB+160GB+300GB Sun Ultra 10 2 x 80GB (old, but in top-notch condition) PS3 160GB iPod Classic 2 x 8GB iPod Touch Observations: Part of the problem is our dual use of Windows and OS X - we can't go for a pure NT style roaming profile. Because the server is also used for hosting test/beta applications and a SQL Server db, it can't be dedicated to file serving. The two Macs really could do with sharing a roaming profile or similar. I'd love to be able to do something useful with the Ultra 10. My other half has been trying to throw it away for over five years now and regularly ask what function it serves in my study :-( I've got no shortage of 500GB external USB hard drives iMovie files are very large and ideally would be processed on a RAID system. Apple's TimeMachine isn't so great. If anyone could suggest all or part of a setup that would fulfil some of my requirements I'd be very grateful. I am willing to consider purchasing one or two more bits of kit (an Apple TV and a Squeezebox have been moted by friends) if they will help make efficiencies rather than add to the chaos and confusion. Thanks for looking.

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  • How do I get the latest FastCGI and PHP versions to peacefully coexist on IIS 6?

    - by BHelman
    I have been going round and round trying to get any sort of PHP running on IIS 6. I somehow managed to successfully get version 5.1.4 running using the php5isapi.dll file. However, I want to upgrade a website to begin using a Content Management System. I have never dug into CMS before so I'm open to programs that are easy to use. I am currently looking into TomatoCMS and ImpressCMS - but that's beside the point. I have never done an installation with PHP before and I think I'm getting familiar with how it works. However the current situation is this. Microsoft's Web Platform Installer 2.0 installed FastCGI for me. I need to upgrade to PHP 5.3.1 for a CMS system. So I downloaded the Windows installer and let it go at it. After consulting several other blog articles, I believe I know how it is supposed to work but I am currently not having luck. THE SETUP *.php is a registered extension in IIS 6 for all websites (on Win 2k3). The application that it calls is C:\Windows\system32\inetsvr\fcgiext.dll, like it should. The fcgiext.ini config has the proper lines: [Types] php=PHP [PHP] ext=C:\program files\PHP\php-cgi.exe And the php.ini file also has the correct configs. All extensions are disabled and I changed the correct things for FastCGI. And everything is registered correctly with the PATH variable. Everything is exactly how it should be. BUT when I launch the "info.php" page () on another computer, I get the following error: FastCGI Error The FastCGI Handler was unable to process the request. Error Details: * Section [PHP] not found in config file. * Error Number: 1413 (0x80070585). * Error Description: Invalid index. HTTP Error 500 - Server Error. Internet Information Services (IIS) A quick Google search reveals that I have it all setup correctly as far as the INI's go and the mapping of the php extension. I am completely at a loss. Does anyone have any suggestions? Although the server is hosting three small websites, I don't really care what I have to do to it to get it to work.

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  • SMTP authentication error using PHPMailer

    - by Javier
    I am using PHPMailer to send a basic form to an email address but I get the following error: SMTP Error: Could not authenticate. Message could not be sent. Mailer Error: SMTP Error: Could not authenticate. SMTP server error: VXNlcm5hbWU6 The weird thing is that if I try to send it again, IT WORKS! Every time I submit the form after that first error it works. But if I leave it for a few minutes and then try again I get the same error again. The username and password have to be right as sometimes it works fine. I even created the following (very basic) script just to test it and I got the same result <?php require("phpmailer/class.phpmailer.php"); $mail = new PHPMailer(); $mail->IsSMTP(); $mail->Host = "smtp.host.com"; $mail->SMTPAuth = true; $mail->Username = "[email protected]"; $mail->Password = "password"; $mail->From = "[email protected]"; $mail->FromName = "From Name"; $mail->AddAddress("[email protected]"); $mail->AddReplyTo("[email protected]"); $mail->IsHTML(true); $mail->Subject = "Here is the subject"; $mail->Body = "This is the HTML message body <b>in bold!</b>"; $mail->AltBody = "This is the body in plain text for non-HTML mail clients"; if(!$mail->Send()) { echo "Message could not be sent. <p>"; echo "Mailer Error: " . $mail->ErrorInfo; exit; } echo "Message has been sent"; ?> I don't think this is relevant, but I just changed my hosting to a Linux shared server. Any idea why this is happening? Thanks! ***UPDATED 02/06/2012 I've been doing some tests. The results: I tested the script in an IIS server and it worked fine. The error seems to happen only in the Linux server. Also, if I use the gmail mail server it works fine in both, IIS and Linux. Could it be a problem with the configuration of my Linux server??

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  • How to reference a Domain Controller out of the Local Network?

    - by Adrian
    We have multiple servers scattered over different hosting providers. For learning, experimenting and, ultimately, production purposes, I set one of them as a Domain Controller. That went well, most of our services are now authenticating via AD, which helps us a lot. What I want to do now is to simplify the authentication for the multiple servers, by making each of them look at the Domain Controller. This way, our Devs can log into (Remote Desktop) the multiple servers with the same credentials from AD. I know I have to configure each server to look at the Domain Controller. But when I try to add the Domain Controller to the Computer, it cannot find it, although the Domain Controller address is a valid, reachable internet sub-domain (as in "ad.ourcompany.com"). This is the detailed error message: Note: This information is intended for a network administrator. If you are not your network's administrator, notify the administrator that you received this information, which has been recorded in the file C:\Windows\debug\dcdiag.txt. The following error occurred when DNS was queried for the service location (SRV) resource record used to locate an Active Directory Domain Controller for domain ad.ourcompany.com: The error was: "DNS name does not exist." (error code 0x0000232B RCODE_NAME_ERROR) The query was for the SRV record for _ldap._tcp.dc._msdcs.ad.ourcompany.com Common causes of this error include the following: - The DNS SRV records required to locate a AD DC for the domain are not registered in DNS. These records are registered with a DNS server automatically when a AD DC is added to a domain. They are updated by the AD DC at set intervals. This computer is configured to use DNS servers with the following IP addresses: 109.188.207.9 109.188.207.10 - One or more of the following zones do not include delegation to its child zone: ad.ourcompany.com ourcompany.com com . (the root zone) For information about correcting this problem, click Help. What am I missing? I'm an experienced Dev, but a newbie Sysdamin experimenting with new stuff. Disclaimer All IP addresses and domains/subdomains were changed to preserve security. If by any chance you still can see private information, please let me know so that I can change it.

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  • Authenticating Apache HTTPd against multiple LDAP servers with expired accounts

    - by Brian Bassett
    We're using mod_authnz_ldap and mod_authn_alias in Apache 2.2.9 (as shipped in Debian 5.0, 2.2.9-10+lenny7) to authenticate against multiple Active Directory domains for hosting a Subversion repository. Our current configuration is: # Turn up logging LogLevel debug # Define authentication providers <AuthnProviderAlias ldap alpha> AuthLDAPBindDN "CN=Subversion,OU=Service Accounts,O=Alpha" AuthLDAPBindPassword [[REDACTED]] AuthLDAPURL ldap://dc01.alpha:3268/?sAMAccountName?sub? </AuthnProviderAlias> <AuthnProviderAlias ldap beta> AuthLDAPBindDN "CN=LDAPAuth,OU=Service Accounts,O=Beta" AuthLDAPBindPassword [[REDACTED]] AuthLDAPURL ldap://ldap.beta:3268/?sAMAccountName?sub? </AuthnProviderAlias> # Subversion Repository <Location /svn> DAV svn SVNPath /opt/svn/repo AuthName "Subversion" AuthType Basic AuthBasicProvider alpha beta AuthzLDAPAuthoritative off AuthzSVNAccessFile /opt/svn/authz require valid-user </Location> We're encountering issues with users that have accounts in both Alpha and Beta, especially when their accounts in Alpha are expired (but still present; company policy is that the accounts live on for at a minimum of 1 year). For example, when the user x (which has en expired account in Alpha, and a valid account in Beta), the Apache error log reports the following: [Tue May 11 13:42:07 2010] [debug] mod_authnz_ldap.c(377): [client 10.1.1.104] [14817] auth_ldap authenticate: using URL ldap://dc01.alpha:3268/?sAMAccountName?sub? [Tue May 11 13:42:08 2010] [warn] [client 10.1.1.104] [14817] auth_ldap authenticate: user x authentication failed; URI /svn/ [ldap_simple_bind_s() to check user credentials failed][Invalid credentials] [Tue May 11 13:42:08 2010] [error] [client 10.1.1.104] user x: authentication failure for "/svn/": Password Mismatch [Tue May 11 13:42:08 2010] [debug] mod_deflate.c(615): [client 10.1.1.104] Zlib: Compressed 527 to 359 : URL /svn/ Attempting to authenticate as a non-existant user (nobodycool) results in the correct behavior of querying both LDAP servers: [Tue May 11 13:42:40 2010] [debug] mod_authnz_ldap.c(377): [client 10.1.1.104] [14815] auth_ldap authenticate: using URL ldap://dc01.alpha:3268/?sAMAccountName?sub? [Tue May 11 13:42:40 2010] [warn] [client 10.1.1.104] [14815] auth_ldap authenticate: user nobodycool authentication failed; URI /svn/ [User not found][No such object] [Tue May 11 13:42:40 2010] [debug] mod_authnz_ldap.c(377): [client 10.1.1.104] [14815] auth_ldap authenticate: using URL ldap://ldap.beta:3268/?sAMAccountName?sub? [Tue May 11 13:42:44 2010] [warn] [client 10.1.1.104] [14815] auth_ldap authenticate: user nobodycool authentication failed; URI /svn/ [User not found][No such object] [Tue May 11 13:42:44 2010] [error] [client 10.1.1.104] user nobodycool not found: /svn/ [Tue May 11 13:42:44 2010] [debug] mod_deflate.c(615): [client 10.1.1.104] Zlib: Compressed 527 to 359 : URL /svn/ How do I configure Apache to correctly query Beta if it encounters an expired account in Alpha?

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  • Why doesn't Apache start from xampp control panel after changes to vhosts config?

    - by Grafica
    I'm running xampp on my local server, and want to host multiple sites, so I changed the httpd-vhosts.conf file. Will somebody let me know if there is something wrong with my code? Apache was running while I had only one site in the config, but after I added another site, I stopped apache, and I'm not able to restart it. # # Virtual Hosts # # If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your # machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations # use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about # IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below. # # Please see the documentation at # <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/> # for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts. # # You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host # configuration. # # Use name-based virtual hosting. # ##NameVirtualHost *:80 # # VirtualHost example: # Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container. # The first VirtualHost section is used for all requests that do not # match a ServerName or ServerAlias in any <VirtualHost> block. # ##<VirtualHost *:80> ##ServerAdmin [email protected] ##DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs/dummy-host.localhost" ##ServerName dummy-host.localhost ##ServerAlias www.dummy-host.localhost ##ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.localhost-error.log" ##CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.localhost-access.log" combined ##</VirtualHost> ##<VirtualHost *:80> ##ServerAdmin [email protected] ##DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs/dummy-host2.localhost" ##ServerName dummy-host2.localhost ##ServerAlias www.dummy-host2.localhost ##ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.localhost-error.log" ##CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.localhost-access.log" combined ##</VirtualHost> NameVirtualHost * <VirtualHost *> DocumentRoot "C:\xampp\htdocs" ServerName localhost </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *> DocumentRoot "C:\xampp\htdocs" ServerName evamagnus.com <Directory "C:\xampp\htdocs\"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *> DocumentRoot "C:\xampp\htdocs2\" ServerName mygrafica.com <Directory "C:\xampp\htdocs2\"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> Here is what it says in the control panel: 2:17:37 PM [apache] Starting apache service... 2:17:38 PM [apache] Status change detected: running 2:17:39 PM [apache] Status change detected: stopped Thanks in advance.

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  • How is incoming SMTP mail being delivered despite blocked port

    - by Josh
    I setup a MX mail server, everything works despite port 25 being blocked, I'm stumped as to why I am able to receive email with this setup, and what the consequences might be if I leave it this way. Here are the details: Connections to SMTP over port 25 and 587 both reliably connect over my local network. Connections to SMTP over port 25 are blocked from external IPs (the ISP is blocking the port). Connections to Submission SMTP over port 587 from external IPs are reliable. Emails sent from gmail, yahoo, and a few other addresses all are being delivered. I haven't found an email provider that fails to deliver mail to my MX. So, with port 25 blocked, I am assuming other MTA servers fallback to port 587, otherwise I can't imagine how the mail is received. I know port 25 shouldn't be blocked, but so far it works. Are there mail servers that this will not work with? Where can I find more about how this is working? -- edit More technical detail, to validate that I'm not missing something silly. Obviously in the transcript below I've replaced my actual domain with example.com. # DNS MX record points to the A record. $ dig example.com MX +short 1 example.com $ dig example.com A +short <Public IP address> # From a public server (not my ISP hosting the mail server) # We see port 25 is blocked, but port 587 is open $ telnet example.com 25 Trying <public ip>... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused # Let's try openssl $ openssl s_client -starttls smtp -crlf -connect example.com:25 connect: Connection refused connect:errno=111 # Again from a public server, we see port 587 is open $ telnet example.com 587 Trying <public ip>... Connected to example.com. Escape character is '^]'. 220 example.com ESMTP Postfix ehlo example.com 250-example.com 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10485760 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-STARTTLS 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250-DSN 250-BINARYMIME 250 CHUNKING quit 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host. Here is a portion from the mail log when receiving a message from gmail: postfix/postscreen[93152]: CONNECT from [209.85.128.49]:48953 to [192.168.0.10]:25 postfix/postscreen[93152]: PASS NEW [209.85.128.49]:48953 postfix/smtpd[93160]: connect from mail-qe0-f49.google.com[209.85.128.49] postfix/smtpd[93160]: 7A8C31C1AA99: client=mail-qe0-f49.google.com[209.85.128.49] The log shows that a connection was made to the local IP on port 25 (I'm not doing any port mapping, so it is port 25 on the public IP too). Seeing this leads me to hypothesize that the ISP block on port 25 only occurs when a connection is made from an IP address that is not known to be a mail server. Any other theories?

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  • Recommendations for distributed processing/distributed storage systems

    - by Eddie
    At my organization we have a processing and storage system spread across two dozen linux machines that handles over a petabyte of data. The system right now is very ad-hoc; processing automation and data management is handled by a collection of large perl programs on independent machines. I am looking at distributed processing and storage systems to make it easier to maintain, evenly distribute load and data with replication, and grow in disk space and compute power. The system needs to be able to handle millions of files, varying in size between 50 megabytes to 50 gigabytes. Once created, the files will not be appended to, only replaced completely if need be. The files need to be accessible via HTTP for customer download. Right now, processing is automated by perl scripts (that I have complete control over) which call a series of other programs (that I don't have control over because they are closed source) that essentially transforms one data set into another. No data mining happening here. Here is a quick list of things I am looking for: Reliability: These data must be accessible over HTTP about 99% of the time so I need something that does data replication across the cluster. Scalability: I want to be able to add more processing power and storage easily and rebalance the data on across the cluster. Distributed processing: Easy and automatic job scheduling and load balancing that fits with processing workflow I briefly described above. Data location awareness: Not strictly required but desirable. Since data and processing will be on the same set of nodes I would like the job scheduler to schedule jobs on or close to the node that the data is actually on to cut down on network traffic. Here is what I've looked at so far: Storage Management: GlusterFS: Looks really nice and easy to use but doesn't seem to have a way to figure out what node(s) a file actually resides on to supply as a hint to the job scheduler. GPFS: Seems like the gold standard of clustered filesystems. Meets most of my requirements except, like glusterfs, data location awareness. Ceph: Seems way to immature right now. Distributed processing: Sun Grid Engine: I have a lot of experience with this and it's relatively easy to use (once it is configured properly that is). But Oracle got its icy grip around it and it no longer seems very desirable. Both: Hadoop/HDFS: At first glance it looked like hadoop was perfect for my situation. Distributed storage and job scheduling and it was the only thing I found that would give me the data location awareness that I wanted. But I don't like the namename being a single point of failure. Also, I'm not really sure if the MapReduce paradigm fits the type of processing workflow that I have. It seems like you need to write all your software specifically for MapReduce instead of just using Hadoop as a generic job scheduler. OpenStack: I've done some reading on this but I'm having trouble deciding if it fits well with my problem or not. Does anyone have opinions or recommendations for technologies that would fit my problem well? Any suggestions or advise would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!

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  • What "pieces" are needed in order to set up a cluster of physical servers?

    - by Chris Dutrow
    Background: Currently, we use Rackspace cloud servers. We have no intention to stop using them, but would like to look into setting up a cluster of physical servers (probably desktop computers in the $400 range with 8gb memory each) to offset some of our load and work as a secondary, more powerful, less reliable system. To put things in perspective, we can buy comparable desktop computers for the same price as we pay in one month to rent them on Rackspace Cloud. I understand that this is generally a dumb idea. However, in this particular instance, the server cluster is needed for its computation power. It is not mission-critical, it does not host a consumer-facing website, and if it goes down for a day or two, its not really a problem. Currently, we have access to business class verizon fios. If I understand correctly, we can get at least 25 dedicated IP addresses with this service, this should be enough. Requirements: Each server runs Linux Centos 6.3 Some of the servers run Python and execute processes from a task queue (Redis or RabbitMQ) Some of the servers are capable of serving static files and Python driven REST APIs Some of the servers host a Cassandra database cluster One or more of the servers are a Redis database servers One or more of the servers are PostgreSQL servers Questions: What kind of router or switch is needed? We would like the computers to be able to communicate effectively with each other via internal IP addresses. This is especially important for communicating with servers hosting Redis that need to be able to respond to requests very quickly. Are there special switches or routers that need to be used to connect the servers together? Are Desktop computers ok for this? We have found that we are mostly RAM-bottle necked, I understand that some servers have highly superior CPUs, but I'm not sure we need CPU power as much as we need RAM, which is cheap in Desktop computers. Will we have problems with the WIFI cards in the desktops or any other unexpected hardware limitation? What tools should be used to "image" the servers. For example, when we get an installation right for a Redis server or Cassandra node, are there tools that come with Linux Centos 6.3 to image the server to a USB drive or something like that? Or do we need to use some other software for this? What other things are we missing that we should be concerned about? Thanks so much!

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  • How to troubleshoot performance issues of PHP, MySQL and generic I/O

    - by jbx
    I have a WordPress based website running on a shared hosting. Its response time is very decent (around 2s to retrieve the HTML page and 5s to load all the resources). I was planning to move it to a dedicated virtual server (Ubuntu 12.04 LTS), which should theoretically improve things and make them more consistent given its not shared. However I observed severe performance degredation, with the page taking 10seconds to be generated. I ruled out network issues by editing /etc/hosts on the server and mapping the domain to 127.0.0.1. I used the Apache load tester ab to get the HTML, so JS, CSS and images are all excluded. It still took 10 seconds. I have Zpanel installed on the server which also uses MySQL, and its pages come up quite fast (1.5s) and also phpMyAdmin. Performing some queries on the wordpress database directly through phpMyAdmin returns them quite fast too, with query times in the 10 to 30 millisecond region. Memory is also sufficient, with only 800Mb being used of the 1Gb physical memory available, so it doesn't seem to be a swap issue either. I have also installed APC to try to improve the PHP performance, but it didn't have any effect. What else should I look for? What could be causing this degradation in performance? Could it be some kind of I/O issue since I am running on a cloud based virtual server? I wish to be able to raise the issue with my provider but without showing actual data from some diagnosis I am afraid he will just blame my application. UPDATE with sar output (every second) when I did an HTTP request: 02:31:29 CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 02:31:30 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 02:31:31 all 2.22 0.00 2.22 0.00 0.00 95.56 02:31:32 all 41.67 0.00 6.25 0.00 2.08 50.00 02:31:33 all 86.36 0.00 13.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:31:34 all 75.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:31:35 all 93.18 0.00 6.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:31:36 all 90.70 0.00 9.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:31:37 all 71.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28.95 02:31:38 all 14.89 0.00 10.64 0.00 2.13 72.34 02:31:39 all 2.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 97.44 02:31:40 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 02:31:41 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 My suspicion that this comes from I/O related issue is also because a caching plugin I use to reduce the amount of queries to the database, by precompiling PHP pages is actually making things worse instead of better. It seems that file access is making things worse instead.

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  • Why are emails sent from my applications being marked as spam?

    - by Brian
    Hi. I have 2 web apps running on the same server. The first is www.nimikri.com and the other is www.hourjar.com. Both apps share the same IP address (75.127.100.175). My server is through a shared hosting company. I've been testing my apps, and at first all my emails were being delivered to me just fine. Then a few days ago every email from both apps got dumped into my spam box (in gmail and google apps). So far the apps have just been sending emails to me and nobody else, so I know people aren't manually flagging them as spam. I did a reverse DNS lookup for my IP and the results I got were these: 100.127.75.in-addr.arpa NS DNS2.GNAX.NET. 100.127.75.in-addr.arpa NS DNS1.GNAX.NET. Should the reverse DNS lookup point to nimikri.com and hourjar.com, or are they set up fine the way they are? I noticed in the email header these 2 lines: Received: from nimikri.nimikri.com From: Hour Jar <[email protected]> Would the different domain names be causing gmail to think this is spam? Here is the header from one of the emails. Please let me know if any of this looks like a red flag for spam. Thanks. Delivered-To: [email protected] Received: by 10.231.157.85 with SMTP id a21cs54749ibx; Sun, 25 Apr 2010 10:03:14 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.151.130.18 with SMTP id h18mr3056714ybn.186.1272214992196; Sun, 25 Apr 2010 10:03:12 -0700 (PDT) Return-Path: <[email protected]> Received: from nimikri.nimikri.com ([75.127.100.175]) by mx.google.com with ESMTP id 28si4358025gxk.44.2010.04.25.10.03.11; Sun, 25 Apr 2010 10:03:11 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: neutral (google.com: 75.127.100.175 is neither permitted nor denied by best guess record for domain of [email protected]) client-ip=75.127.100.175; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; spf=neutral (google.com: 75.127.100.175 is neither permitted nor denied by best guess record for domain of [email protected]) [email protected] Received: from nimikri.nimikri.com (localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1]) by nimikri.nimikri.com (8.14.3/8.14.3) with ESMTP id o3PH3A7a029986 for <[email protected]>; Sun, 25 Apr 2010 12:03:11 -0500 Date: Sun, 25 Apr 2010 12:03:10 -0500 From: Hour Jar <[email protected]> To: [email protected] Message-ID: <[email protected]> Subject: [email protected] has invited you to New Event MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

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  • Slow Memcached: Average 10ms memcached `get`

    - by Chris W.
    We're using Newrelic to measure our Python/Django application performance. Newrelic is reporting that across our system "Memcached" is taking an average of 12ms to respond to commands. Drilling down into the top dozen or so web views (by # of requests) I can see that some Memcache get take up to 30ms; I can't find a single use of Memcache get that returns in less than 10ms. More details on the system architecture: Currently we have four application servers each of which has a memcached member. All four memcached members participate in a memcache cluster. We're running on a cloud hosting provider and all traffic is running across the "internal" network (via "internal" IPs) When I ping from one application server to another the responses are in ~0.5ms Isn't 10ms a slow response time for Memcached? As far as I understand if you think "Memcache is too slow" then "you're doing it wrong". So am I doing it wrong? Here's the output of the memcache-top command: memcache-top v0.7 (default port: 11211, color: on, refresh: 3 seconds) INSTANCE USAGE HIT % CONN TIME EVICT/s GETS/s SETS/s READ/s WRITE/s cache1:11211 37.1% 62.7% 10 5.3ms 0.0 73 9 3958 84.6K cache2:11211 42.4% 60.8% 11 4.4ms 0.0 46 12 3848 62.2K cache3:11211 37.5% 66.5% 12 4.2ms 0.0 75 17 6056 170.4K AVERAGE: 39.0% 63.3% 11 4.6ms 0.0 64 13 4620 105.7K TOTAL: 0.1GB/ 0.4GB 33 13.9ms 0.0 193 38 13.5K 317.2K (ctrl-c to quit.) ** Here is the output of the top command on one machine: ** (Roughly the same on all cluster machines. As you can see there is very low CPU utilization, because these machines only run memcache.) top - 21:48:56 up 1 day, 4:56, 1 user, load average: 0.01, 0.06, 0.05 Tasks: 70 total, 1 running, 69 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.3%st Mem: 501392k total, 424940k used, 76452k free, 66416k buffers Swap: 499996k total, 13064k used, 486932k free, 181168k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 6519 nobody 20 0 384m 74m 880 S 1.0 15.3 18:22.97 memcached 3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 0:38.03 ksoftirqd/0 1 root 20 0 24332 1552 776 S 0.0 0.3 0:00.56 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0 5 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 kworker/u:0 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.62 watchdog/0 8 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuset 9 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper ...output truncated...

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  • How to solve/disable spam sending with my postfix server on linux

    - by Dukla
    I am quite new in setting up e-mail server on linux - I barely set up the whole think to get it working and connected it with my domain and php script which uses PHPMailer 5.2.1. In my setting I am using smtp server from my web provider (domain) and all e-mail which are not defined (trash) are sent on one simple address like I have address [email protected]. So when somebody will send email to [email protected] it will be forwarded again to [email protected] even in case of failure. I am receiving emails like: Hi. This is the qmail-send program at comercio.interone.com.br. I'm afraid I wasn't able to deliver your message to the following addresses. This is a permanent error; I've given up. Sorry it didn't work out. <[email protected]>: Sorry, no mailbox here by that name. (#5.1.1) --- Below this line is a copy of the message. Return-Path: <[email protected]> Received: (qmail 49156 invoked from network); 25 Jun 2012 07:34:57 -0300 Received: from unknown (HELO S0106602ad08df877.no.shawcable.net) (70.66.34.103) by hosting.interone.com.br with SMTP; 25 Jun 2012 07:34:57 -0300 Message-Id: <20120625034039.B45C12DCC3B13A22F261@GANDERTO-015445> From: Ezra Whitehead <[email protected]> To: toa <[email protected]> Reply-To: Jamey Mcconnell <[email protected]> Subject: Welcome toa Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Visit our shop http://44090.medicneed.ru/ 113B726C73560AA41A68163AA474D5F1476 0225770686522678 As you can see there is line From: Ezra Whitehead <[email protected]> I am sure I did not send this email from my domain.com with some Davis8FB name and some russian page. This is just one of many and only NOT-delivered e-mails - there can be much more which has been sent successfully! What do I have wrong in my settings? How can I make it right? What should I do to prevent these messages to send? Where should I look? Thank you all.

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  • Performance Tuning a High-Load Apache Server

    - by futureal
    I am looking to understand some server performance problems I am seeing with a (for us) heavily loaded web server. The environment is as follows: Debian Lenny (all stable packages + patched to security updates) Apache 2.2.9 PHP 5.2.6 Amazon EC2 large instance The behavior we're seeing is that the web typically feels responsive, but with a slight delay to begin handling a request -- sometimes a fraction of a second, sometimes 2-3 seconds in our peak usage times. The actual load on the server is being reported as very high -- often 10.xx or 20.xx as reported by top. Further, running other things on the server during these times (even vi) is very slow, so the load is definitely up there. Oddly enough Apache remains very responsive, other than that initial delay. We have Apache configured as follows, using prefork: StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 And KeepAlive as: KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 5 Looking at the server-status page, even at these times of heavy load we are rarely hitting the client cap, usually serving between 80-100 requests and many of those in the keepalive state. That tells me to rule out the initial request slowness as "waiting for a handler" but I may be wrong. Amazon's CloudWatch monitoring tells me that even when our OS is reporting a load of 15, our instance CPU utilization is between 75-80%. Example output from top: top - 15:47:06 up 31 days, 1:38, 8 users, load average: 11.46, 7.10, 6.56 Tasks: 221 total, 28 running, 193 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 66.9%us, 22.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 2.6%id, 3.1%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.7%si, 4.5%st Mem: 7871900k total, 7850624k used, 21276k free, 68728k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 3750664k cached The majority of the processes look like: 24720 www-data 15 0 202m 26m 4412 S 9 0.3 0:02.97 apache2 24530 www-data 15 0 212m 35m 4544 S 7 0.5 0:03.05 apache2 24846 www-data 15 0 209m 33m 4420 S 7 0.4 0:01.03 apache2 24083 www-data 15 0 211m 35m 4484 S 7 0.5 0:07.14 apache2 24615 www-data 15 0 212m 35m 4404 S 7 0.5 0:02.89 apache2 Example output from vmstat at the same time as the above: procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 8 0 0 215084 68908 3774864 0 0 154 228 5 7 32 12 42 9 6 21 0 198948 68936 3775740 0 0 676 2363 4022 1047 56 16 9 15 23 0 0 169460 68936 3776356 0 0 432 1372 3762 835 76 21 0 0 23 1 0 140412 68936 3776648 0 0 280 0 3157 827 70 25 0 0 20 1 0 115892 68936 3776792 0 0 188 8 2802 532 68 24 0 0 6 1 0 133368 68936 3777780 0 0 752 71 3501 878 67 29 0 1 0 1 0 146656 68944 3778064 0 0 308 2052 3312 850 38 17 19 24 2 0 0 202104 68952 3778140 0 0 28 90 2617 700 44 13 33 5 9 0 0 188960 68956 3778200 0 0 8 0 2226 475 59 17 6 2 3 0 0 166364 68956 3778252 0 0 0 21 2288 386 65 19 1 0 And finally, output from Apache's server-status: Server uptime: 31 days 2 hours 18 minutes 31 seconds Total accesses: 60102946 - Total Traffic: 974.5 GB CPU Usage: u209.62 s75.19 cu0 cs0 - .0106% CPU load 22.4 requests/sec - 380.3 kB/second - 17.0 kB/request 107 requests currently being processed, 6 idle workers C.KKKW..KWWKKWKW.KKKCKK..KKK.KKKK.KK._WK.K.K.KKKKK.K.R.KK..C.C.K K.C.K..WK_K..KKW_CK.WK..W.KKKWKCKCKW.W_KKKKK.KKWKKKW._KKK.CKK... KK_KWKKKWKCKCWKK.KKKCK.......................................... ................................................................ From my limited experience I draw the following conclusions/questions: We may be allowing far too many KeepAlive requests I do see some time spent waiting for IO in the vmstat although not consistently and not a lot (I think?) so I am not sure this is a big concern or not, I am less experienced with vmstat Also in vmstat, I see in some iterations a number of processes waiting to be served, which is what I am attributing the initial page load delay on our web server to, possibly erroneously We serve a mixture of static content (75% or higher) and script content, and the script content is often fairly processor intensive, so finding the right balance between the two is important; long term we want to move statics elsewhere to optimize both servers but our software is not ready for that today I am happy to provide additional information if anybody has any ideas, the other note is that this is a high-availability production installation so I am wary of making tweak after tweak, and is why I haven't played with things like the KeepAlive value myself yet.

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