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  • String contains all the elements of a list

    - by CSSS
    I am shifting to Python, and am still relatively new to the pythonic approach. I want to write a function that takes a string and a list and returns true if all the elements in the list occur in the string. This seemed fairly simple. However, I am facing some difficulties with it. The code goes something like this: def myfun(str,list): for a in list: if not a in str: return False return True Example : myfun('tomato',['t','o','m','a']) should return true myfun('potato',['t','o','m','a']) should return false myfun('tomato',['t','o','m']) should return true Also, I was hoping if someone could suggest a possible regex approach here. I am trying out my hands on them too.

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  • How do I pass objects through a _url based on a routing in rails?

    - by Angela
    I want to pass the attributes associated with two objects into a path created from a route. In this case, the _url is skip_contact_letter_url. contact_letter and letter are passed through a render partial. The clip below resides in the partial. <%= link_to_remote "Skip Letter Remote #{contact_letter}", :url => skip_contact_letter_url(contact_letter, letter), :update => "update-area-#{contact_letter.id}-#{letter.id}" %> <span id='update-area-<%="#{contact_letter.id}-#{letter.id}"%>'> </span> The route I created looks like this: map.resources :contact_letters, :member => {:skip => :post} And the controller looks like this: def skip @contact_letter = ContactLetter.new(params[:all]) @contact_letter.status = "skipped" @contact_letter.date_sent = Date.today #@contact_letter.date_created = Date.today if @contact_letter.save render :text => 'This letter was skipped!' end end When I look at the console, none of the parameters from contact_letter or letter get passed through.

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  • How Can I Implement This In Java?

    - by davit-datuashvili
    first of all i am doing programs in java language this code is merely taken from web site i have not question about divide and conqurer algorithms but about function and it's argument here is code of ternary search def ternarySearch(f, left, right, absolutePrecision): #left and right are the current bounds; the maximum is between them if (right - left) < absolutePrecision: return (left + right)/2 leftThird = (2*left + right)/3 rightThird = (left + 2*right)/3 if f(leftThird) < f(rightThird): return ternarySearch(f, leftThird, right, absolutePrecision) return ternarySearch(f, left, rightThird, absolutePrecision) i am not asking once again how implement it in java i am asking for example how define function?for example let y=x^+3 yes we can determine it as public static int y(int x){ return x*x+3; } but here return ternarySearch(f, leftThird, right, absolutePrecision) function f does not have argument and how do such?please help me

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  • Multiple conditions with will_paginate

    - by user363243
    I am using will_paginate for pagination but I can't seem to use more than one condition at a time. For example, if I want to have a sql query that ends in "Where office_id = 5", then it's pretty straight forward, I can do that. but what if I want to do "Where office_id = 5 AND primary_first = 'Mark'"? I can't do that. I have no idea how to enter multiple conditions. Can you help?? Below is an example of my code: def self.search(search, page, office_id) paginate :per_page => 5, :page => page, :conditions => ['office_id', "%#{office_id}"], # + ' and primary_first like ?', "%#{params[:search]}%"], #:conditions => ['primary_first', "%#{search}%"], :order => 'created_at' end Thank you for your help!

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  • Python - alternative to list.remove(x)?

    - by Seafoid
    Hi, I wish to compare two lists. Generally this is not a problem as I usually use a nested for loop and append the intersection to a new list. In this case, I need to delete the intersection of A and B from A. A = [['ab', 'cd', 'ef', '0', '567'], ['ghy5'], ['pop', 'eye']] B = [['ab'], ['hi'], ['op'], ['ej']] My objective is to compare A and B and delete A intersection B from A, i.e., delete A[0][0] in this case. I tried: def match(): for i in A: for j in i: for k in B: for v in k: if j == v: A.remove(j) list.remove(x) throws a ValueError.

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  • Methods specific only to an instance? What are they called in Ruby?

    - by daremarkovic
    I know there are "instance methods", "class methods" but what are these types of methods called, for eg: s1 = "This is my STRING!" def s1.m1 downcase end p s1 # => "This is my STRING!" p s1.m1 # => "this is my string!" What type of method is the "m1" method called on the s1 "instance" of the "string" class? It's really weird because I didn't know this was possible at all if I try: s2 = "This is ANOTHER string" s2.m1 # => Won't work! Which kind of makes sense, but not sure why defining methods like m1 on instances on a class are useful at all.

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  • overiding to_param of a nested attribute

    - by cbrulak
    I'm trying to create a perma link for a nested attribute. For example, look at the links for the answers in SO. I would like to do something similar in rails: I have Project model with multiple tasks and I would like to create a perma link to a task. The task can only viewed with the project, just like Q & A on SO. Ideally, i would do something like: task_helper.rb: def GetTaskURL project = Project.find(:project_id) return project_url(project,:html) + "#" + id end However, i get a method not found. So it seems the only way is to hard-code it: domain.com url + Projects/show/id.html#task.id Must be a better way?

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  • Actual SQL statement after bind variables specified

    - by bioffe
    I am trying to log every SQL statement executed from my scripts. However I contemplate one problem I can not overcome. Is there a way to compute actual SQL statement after bind variables were specified. In SQLite I had to compute the statement to be executed manually, using code below: def __sql_to_str__(self, value,args): for p in args: if type(p) is IntType or p is None: value = value.replace("?", str(p) ,1) else: value = value.replace("?",'\'' + p + '\'',1) return value It seems CX_Oracle has cursor.parse() facilities. But I can't figure out how to trick CX_Oracle to compute my query before its execution.

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  • Most Efficient Way to Write to Fixed Width File (Ruby)

    - by Ruby Novice
    I'm currently working with extremely large fixed width files, sometimes well over a million lines. I have written a method that can write over the files based on a set of parameters, but I think there has to be a more efficient way to accomplish this. The current code I'm using is: def self.writefiles(file_name, positions, update_value) @file_name = file_name @positions = positions.to_i @update_value = update_value line_number = 0 @file_contents = File.open(@file_name, 'r').readlines while line_number < @file_contents.length @read_file_contents = @file_contents[line_number] @read_file_contents[@positions] = @update_value @file_contents[line_number] = @read_file_contents line_number += 1 end write_over_file = File.new(@file_name, 'w') line_number = 0 while line_number < @file_contents.length write_over_file.write @file_contents[line_number] line_number += 1 end write_over_file.close end For example, if position 25 in the file indicated that it is an original file the value would be set to "O" and if I wanted to replace that value I would use ClassName.writefiles(filename, 140, "X") to change this position on each line. Any help on making this method more efficient would be greatly appreciated! Thanks

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  • Is there a way to set the value of $? in a mock in Ruby?

    - by rleber
    I am testing some scripts that interface with system commands. Their logic depends on the return code of the system commands, i.e. the value of $?. So, as a simplified example, the script might say: def foo(command) output=`#{command}` if $?==0 'succeeded' else 'failed' end end In order to be able to test these methods properly, I would like to be able to stub out the Kernel backquote call, and set $? to an arbitrary value, to see if I get appropriate behavior from the logic in the method after the backquote call. I can't figure out a way to do this. (In case it matters, I'm testing using Test::Unit and Mocha.)

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  • What should I name instances of a twisted.internet.defer.Deferred?

    - by slacy
    I'm writing code using Twisted, and having trouble coming up with a sensible variable name for my twisted internet deferred's. Here are my candidates: d : Too generic, too short, violates pylint rule C0103. def : Conflicts with function defintion builtin. defer : Conflicts with module twisted.internet.defer deferred : OK but pretty long cb : Still too short, violates pylint C0103, conflicts with many callback method names. cback : Too Weird? callback : Conflicts with method Deferred.callback() I'm looking for other suggestions. It seems like most of the Twisted example code uses "d" which is fine for simple invocations, but when you're passing Deferred's around to methods and storing them as member variables, it's really far too descriptive.

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  • Filtering SQLAlchemy query on attribute_mapped_collection field of relationship

    - by bsa
    I have two classes, Tag and Hardware, defined with a simple parent-child relationship (see the full definition at the end). Now I want to filter a query on Tag using the version field in Hardware through an attribute_mapped_collection, eg: def get_tags(order_code=None, hardware_filters=None): session = Session() query = session.query(Tag) if order_code: query = query.filter(Tag.order_code == order_code) if hardware_filters: for k, v in hardware_filters.iteritems(): query = query.filter(getattr(Tag.hardware, k).version == v) return query.all() But I get: AttributeError: Neither 'InstrumentedAttribute' object nor 'Comparator' object associated with Tag.hardware has an attribute 'baseband The same thing happens if I strip it back by hard-coding the attribute, eg: query.filter(Tag.hardware.baseband.version == v) I can do it this way: query = query.filter(Tag.hardware.any(artefact=k, version=v)) But why can't I filter directly through the attribute? Class definitions class Tag(Base): __tablename__ = 'tag' tag_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) order_code = Column(String, nullable=False) version = Column(String, nullable=False) status = Column(String, nullable=False) comments = Column(String) hardware = relationship( "Hardware", backref="tag", collection_class=attribute_mapped_collection('artefact'), ) __table_args__ = ( UniqueConstraint('order_code', 'version'), ) class Hardware(Base): __tablename__ = 'hardware' hardware_id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) tag_id = Column(String, ForeignKey('tag.tag_id')) product_id = Column(String, nullable=True) artefact = Column(String, nullable=False) version = Column(String, nullable=False)

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  • Django forms: prepopulate form with request.user and url parameter

    - by Malyo
    I'm building simple Course Management App. I want Users to sign up for Course. Here's sign up model: class CourseMembers(models.Model): student = models.ForeignKey(Student) course = models.ForeignKey(Course) def __unicode__(self): return unicode(self.student) Student model is extended User model - I'd like to fill the form with request.user. In Course model most important is course_id, which i'm passing into view throught URL parameter (for example http://127.0.0.1:8000/courses/course/1/). What i want to achieve, is to generate 'invisible' (so user can't change the inserted data) form with just input, but containing request.user and course_id parameter.

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  • Scala updating/creating value in a hashmap

    - by user1672739
    I don't understand this with Scala hasmaps: How do I create a value or update one if it does not exist? I am tryng to count the number of characters in a list of Strings. I've tried this code but it doesn't work : def times(chars: List[Char]): List[(Char, Int)] = { val map = new HashMap[Char, Int]() chars.foreach( (c : Char) => { map.update(c, map.get(c) + 1) }) } I understand the returning type isn't correct. But is my foreach loop wrong? Is there a prettier way to write it?

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  • .save puts NULL in user_id field in Ruby on Rails

    - by mathee
    Here's the model file: class ProfileTag < ActiveRecord::Base def self.create_or_update(options = {}) id = options.delete(:id) record = find_by_id(id) || new record.id = id record.attributes = options puts "record.profile_id is" puts record.profile_id record.save! record end end This gives me the correct print out in my log. But it also says that there's a call to UPDATE that sets profile_id to NULL. I'm not sure I understand why the INSERT puts the value into profile_id properly, but then it sets it to NULL on an UPDATE. If you need more specifics, please let me know. I'm thinking that the save functionality does many things other than INSERTs into the database, but I don't know what I need to specify so that it will properly set profile_id.

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  • What is the best way to handle dynamic content_type in Sinatra

    - by lusis
    I'm currently doing the following but it feels "kludgy": module Sinatra module DynFormat def dform(data,ct) if ct == 'xml';return data.to_xml;end if ct == 'json';return data.to_json;end end end helpers DynFormat end My goal is to plan ahead. Right now we're only working with XML for this particular web service but we want to move over to JSON as soon as all the components in our stack support it. Here's a sample route: get '/api/people/named/:name/:format' do format = params[:format] h = {'xml' => 'text/xml','json' => 'application/json'} content_type h[format], :charset => 'utf-8' person = params[:name] salesperson = Salespeople.find(:all, :conditions => ['name LIKE ?', "%#{person}%"]) "#{dform(salesperson,format)}" end It just feels like I'm not doing it the best way possible.

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  • How do I find the millionth number in the series: 2 3 4 6 9 13 19 28 42 63 ... ?

    - by HH
    It takes about minute to achieve 3000 in my comp but I need to know the millionth number in the series. The definition is recursive so I cannot see any shortcuts except to calculate everything before the millionth number. How can you fast calculate millionth number in the series? Series Def n_{i+1} = \floor{ 3/2 * n_{i} } and n_{0}=2. Interestingly, only one site list the series according to Google: this one. Too slow Bash code #!/bin/bash function series { n=$( echo "3/2*$n" | bc -l | tr '\n' ' ' | sed -e 's@\\@@g' -e 's@ @@g' ); # bc gives \ at very large numbers, sed-tr for it n=$( echo $n/1 | bc ) #DUMMY FLOOR func } n=2 nth=1 while [ true ]; #$nth -lt 500 ]; do series $n # n gets new value in the function through global value echo $nth $n nth=$( echo $nth + 1 | bc ) #n++ done

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  • Mysterious logging.basicConfig problem (Python)

    - by Max
    I'm writing a Python script to retrieve data from Flickr. For logging purposes, I have the following setup function: def init_log(logfile): format = '%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s' logging.basicConfig(filename=logfile,level=logging.DEBUG,format=format) I've tested this using the python shell and it works as expected, creating a file if one doesn't already exist. But calling it from within my program is where it stops working. The function is definitely being called, and the logfile parameter is working properly – logging.basicConfig just isn't creating any file. I'm not even getting any errors or warnings. My use of the Python Flickr API may be the culprit, but I doubt it. Any ideas?

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  • Confused by "let" in Clojure

    - by Tom Dalling
    I just started playing with Clojure, and I wrote a small script to help me understand some of the functions. It begins like this: (def *exprs-to-test* [ "(filter #(< % 3) '(1 2 3 4 3 2 1))" "(remove #(< % 3) '(1 2 3 4 3 2 1))" "(distinct '(1 2 3 4 3 2 1))" ]) Then it goes through *exprs-to-test*, evaluates them all, and prints the output like this: (doseq [exstr *exprs-to-test*] (do (println "===" (first (read-string exstr)) "=========================") (println "Code: " exstr) (println "Eval: " (eval (read-string exstr))) ) ) The above code is all working fine. However, (read-string exstr) is repeated so I tried to use let to eliminate the repetition like so: (doseq [exstr *exprs-to-test*] (let [ex (read-string exstr)] ( (do (println "===" (first ex) "=========================") (println "Code: " exstr) (println "Eval: " (eval ex)) ) )) ) But this works once for the first item in *exprs-to-test*, then crashes with a NullPointerException. Why is the addition of let causing the crash?

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  • Generic object load function for scala

    - by Isaac Oates
    I'm starting on a Scala application which uses Hibernate (JPA) on the back end. In order to load an object, I use this line of code: val addr = s.load(classOf[Address], addr_id).asInstanceOf[Address]; Needless to say, that's a little painful. I wrote a helper class which looks like this: import org.hibernate.Session class DataLoader(s: Session) { def loadAddress(id: Long): Address = { return s.load(classOf[Address], id).asInstanceOf[Address]; } ... } So, now I can do this: val dl = new DataLoader(s) val addr = dl loadAddress(addr_id) Here's the question: How do I write a generic parametrized method which can load any object using this same pattern? i.e val addr = dl load[Address](addr_id) (or something along those lines.) I'm new to Scala so please forgive anything here that's especially hideous.

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  • is it safe to refactor my django models?

    - by Johnd
    My model is similar to this. Is this ok or should I make the common base class abstract? What are the differcenes between this or makeing it abstract and not having an extra table? It seems odd that there is only one primary key now that I have factored stuff out. class Input(models.Model): details = models.CharField(max_length=1000) user = models.ForeignKey(User) pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published') rating = models.IntegerField() def __unicode__(self): return self.details class Case(Input): title = models.CharField(max_length=200) views = models.IntegerField() class Argument(Input): case = models.ForeignKey(Case) side = models.BooleanField() is this ok to factor stuff out intpu Input? I noticed Cases and Arguments share a primary Key. like this: CREATE TABLE "cases_input" ( "id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "details" varchar(1000) NOT NULL, "user_id" integer NOT NULL REFERENCES "auth_user" ("id"), "pub_date" datetime NOT NULL, "rating" integer NOT NULL ) ; CREATE TABLE "cases_case" ( "input_ptr_id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY REFERENCES "cases_input" ("id"), "title" varchar(200) NOT NULL, "views" integer NOT NULL ) ; CREATE TABLE "cases_argument" ( "input_ptr_id" integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY REFERENCES "cases_input" ("id"), "case_id" integer NOT NULL REFERENCES "cases_case" ("input_ptr_id"), "side" bool NOT NULL )

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  • Rails: Problem with routes and special Action.

    - by Newbie
    Hello! Sorry for this question but I can't find my error! In my Project I have my model called "team". A User can create a "team" or a "contest". The difference between this both is, that contest requires more data than a normal team. So I created the columns in my team table. Well... I also created a new view called create_contest.html.erb : <h1>New team content</h1> <% form_for @team, :url => { :action => 'create_content' } do |f| %> <%= f.error_messages %> <p> <%= f.label :name %><br /> <%= f.text_field :name %> </p> <p> <%= f.label :description %><br /> <%= f.text_area :description %> </p> <p> <%= f.label :url %><br /> <%= f.text_fiels :url %> </p> <p> <%= f.label :contact_name %><br /> <%= f.text_fiels :contact_name %> </p> <p> <%= f.submit 'Create' %> </p> <% end %> In my teams_controller, I created following functions: def new_contest end def create_contest if @can_create @team = Team.new(params[:team]) @team.user_id = current_user.id respond_to do |format| if @team.save format.html { redirect_to(@team, :notice => 'Contest was successfully created.') } format.xml { render :xml => @team, :status => :created, :location => @team } else format.html { render :action => "new" } format.xml { render :xml => @team.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity } end end else redirect_back_or_default('/') end end Now, I want on my teams/new.html.erb a link to "new_contest.html.erb". So I did: <%= link_to 'click here for new contest!', new_contest_team_path %> When I go to the /teams/new.html.erb page, I get following error: undefined local variable or method `new_contest_team_path' for #<ActionView::Base:0x16fc4f7> So I changed in my routes.rb, map.resources :teams to map.resources :teams, :member=>{:new_contest => :get} Now I get following error: new_contest_team_url failed to generate from {:controller=>"teams", :action=>"new_contest"} - you may have ambiguous routes, or you may need to supply additional parameters for this route. content_url has the following required parameters: ["teams", :id, "new_contest"] - are they all satisfied? I don't think adding :member => {...} is the right way doing this. So, can you tell me what to do? I want to have an URL like /teams/new-contest or something. My next question: what to do (after fixing the first problem), to validate presentence of all fields for new_contest.html.erb? In my normal new.html.erb, a user does not need all the data. But in new_contest.html.erb he does. Is there a way to make a validates_presence_of only for one action (in this case new_contest)? UPDATE: Now, I removed my :member part from my routes.rb and wrote: map.new_contest '/teams/contest/new', :controller => 'teams', :action => 'new_contest' Now, clicking on my link, it redirects me to /teams/contest/new - like I wanted - but I get another error called: Called id for nil, which would mistakenly be 4 -- if you really wanted the id of nil, use object_id I think this error is cause of @team at <% form_for @team, :url => { :action => 'create_content_team' } do |f| %> What to do for solving this error?

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  • Checking if the email had been already taken in the following if statement (Rails)?

    - by alexchenco
    I have the following action: users.rb: def omniauth_create auth = request.env["omniauth.auth"] user = User.from_omniauth(env["omniauth.auth"]) unless user.email.blank? if user.id.nil? # Save the user since he hasn't been created yet user.save! end sign_in user redirect_back_or user else # Send user to a form to fill his email #session[:omniauth] = request.env['omniauth.auth'].except('extra') redirect_to(enter_email_path(oprovider: user.provider, ouid: user.uid, oname: user.name, opassword: user.password, opassword_confirmation: user.password)) end end It does the following: If the user's email is not blank, sign him in, and redirect him to his profile (and save him if his id is nil. In other words, if he hasn't been created yet). If the user's email is blank, send him to enter_email_path (where the user can enter his email). Now I want to add another if statement that flashes an error if the email had been already taken, and redirects the user to the root_path I'm not very sure how to do this, Any suggestions? (and where to put that if statement?)

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  • Select from multiple tables in Rails - Has Many "articles" through [table_1, table_2]?

    - by viatropos
    I'm in a situation where I need to get all articles that are tied to a User through 2 tables: article_access: gives users privilege to see an article article_favorites: of public articles, users have favorited these So in ActiveRecord you might have this: class User < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :article_access_tokens has_many :article_favorites def articles unless @articles ids = article_access_tokens.all(:select => "article_id").map(&:article_id) + article_favorites.all(:select => "article_id").map(&:article_id) @articles = Article.send(:scoped, :conditions => {:id => ids.uniq}) end @articles end end That gives me basically an articles association which reads from two separate tables. Question is though, what's the right way to do this? Can I somehow make 1 SQL SELECT call to do this?

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  • rails summing column values of rows with similar attributes

    - by butterywombat
    Hi all, I have a Sites table that has columns name, and time. The name does not have to be unique. So for example I may have the entries 'hi.com, 5', 'hi.com, 10', 'bye.com, 4'. I would like to sum up all the unique sites so that i get 'hi.com, 15' and 'bye.com, 4' for plotting purposes. How can I do that? (For some reference I was looking at http://railscasts.com/episodes/223-charts but I couldn't get the following (translated to my table) to work def self.total_on(date) where("date(purchased_at) = ?", date).sum(:total_price) end nor do I really understand the syntax of the 'where("date(purchased_at) = ?", date)' part. Thanks for helping a rails newbie!

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