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• How can I recover an ext4 filesystem corrupted after a fsck?

  - by Regan

  I have an ext4 filesystem on luks over software raid5. The filesystem was operating "just fine" for several years when I was beginning to run out of space. I had a 9T volume on 6x2T drives. I began upgrading to 3T drives by doing the mdadm fail, remove, add, rebuild, repeat process until I had a larger array. I then grew the luks container, and then when I unmounted and tried to resize2fs I was given the message the filesystem was dirty and needed e2fsck. Without thinking I just did e2fsck -y /dev/mapper/candybox and it began spewing all kinds of inode being removed type messages (can't remember exactly) I killed e2fsck and tried to remount the filesystem to backup data I was concerned about. When trying to mount at this point I get: # mount /dev/mapper/candybox /candybox mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/mapper/candybox, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so Looking back at my older logs I noticed the filesystem was giving this error each time the machine booted: kernel: [79137.275531] EXT4-fs (dm-2): warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended So shame on me for not paying attention :( I then tried to mount using every backup superblock (one after another) and each attempt left this in my log: EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 0 failed (26534!=65440) EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 1 failed (38021!=36729) EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 2 failed (18336!=39845) ... EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 11911 failed (28743!=44098) BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 23s! [mount:2939] Attempts to restart e2fsck results in: # e2fsck /dev/mapper/candybox e2fsck 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) e2fsck: Group descriptors look bad... trying backup blocks... candy: recovering journal e2fsck: unable to set superblock flags on candy At this point, I decided it best to order some more drives and make an image using ddrescue Now two weeks later I have an image of the luks partition in a .img file. # ls -lh total 14T -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14T Oct 25 01:57 candybox.img -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 271 Oct 20 14:32 candybox.logfile After numerous attempts using everything I could find online I could not coerce e2fsck to do anything on the image, so I used mkfs.ext4 -L candy candybox.img -m 0 -S and I was able to mount the dirty filesystem readonly without the journal and recover 960G of data. It gave all kinds of errors of various directories not existing and so forth but I was able to get some stuff. Which gave me some hope! I then ran e2fsck again and it had to recreate the root inode and gave a massive list of correcting group counts, I accepted the root inode creation and said no to everything else, leaving a completely empty filesystem. Re-ran again and said yes to all questions with the same result but now a "clean" but empty filesystem. extundelete gives me 0 recoverable inodes found. And now I'm stuck again, I can't come up with any other methods other than dropping to something like photorec which will give me an absolute mess with how large the filesystem was. I'm willing to re-copy the image from the original array and start over, if I can get any suggestions or ideas on a way to get more of my files back. I wish I could give more detailed logs of the commands that have run, but the output is long scrolled passed except for what gets logged to syslog and my memory is not as detailed due to the timeframe this has occurred over. Any help is greatly appreciated!

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• Configuring sendmail to forward mail for a specific domain to a specific mail server without using M

  - by aHunter

  I am new to sendmail and would like to configure sendmail to forward all mail for a specific email address to another internal mail server. I need it to ignore the MX records and only send it to the server I specify but am not sure which files to edit or how to configure the sendmail config. Is it sufficient to add the server to the /etc/hosts and the /etc/mail/local-host-names files? Thanks in advance.

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• How to run Firefox jailed without serious performance loss?

  - by Vi

  My Firefox configuration is tricky: Firefox runs at separate restricted user account which cannot connect to main X server. Firefox uses Xvfb (virtual "headless" X server) as X server. x11vnc is running on that Xvfb. On the main X server there is vncviewer running that connect to this x11vnc On powerful laptop (Acer Extensa 5220) it seems to work more or less well, but on "Acer Aspire One" netbook it is slowish (on a background that firefox is loaded with lots of extensions). How to optimise this scheme? Requirements: Browser cannot connect to main X server. Browser should be in chroot jail (no "suid" scripts, readonly for many things) Browser should have a lot of features (like in AutoPager, NoScript, WoT, AdBlockPlus)

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• How to delete files quicker than rm -rf?

  - by Byakugan

  Is there any way how to delete folder/files quicker than with command rm -rf? It seems my disc is filled with bilions of files (sessions of php5) which were not deleted in cron so I need to delete them manually but it takes hours and it is still not helping reducing the amount. Thank you. My command: rm -rf /var/lib/php5/* Tried also these commands: find /var/lib/php5 -name "sess_*" -exec rm {} \; And perl -e 'chdir "/var/lib/php5/" or die; opendir D, "."; while ($n = readdir D) { unlink $n }'

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• sendmail ip address change

  - by mhay

  hey hi i have setup sendmail server and my sendmail old ip address is 1.1.1.2 and i want change it to 2.2.2.3 ? for this what file shall touch ? thanks

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• How can I remove OLD history from Google Chrome?

  - by Norman Ramsey

  I'm working on a laptop with a modest hard drive, and 500MB is taken up with Google Chrome "History Index" and "Thumbnails" files. Some of these files are a year old. Chrome offers me the option to remove recent history, but I want the opposite: I want to remove old history. (Ideally I would remove the least recently used history information, but I don't expect to be able to do that.) Anyone have any ideas? I'm running the standard Debian google-chrome-beta package.

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• tmpreaper, --protect and a non-root user

  - by nsg

  Hi, I'm a little confused. I have a download directory that I want to remove all files older then 30 days with tmpreaper. Just one problem, the directory in question is a separate partition with a lost+found directory, of course I need to keep it so I added --protect 'lost+found', the problem is that tmpreaper outputs: error: chdir() to directory 'lost+found' (inode 11) failed: Permission denied (PID 30604) Back from recursing down `lost+found'. Entry matching `--protect' pattern skipped. `lost+found' I have tried with other pattern like lost* and so on... I'm running tmpreaper as a non-root user because there is no reason for superuser privileges because I own all files (except lost+found). Are I'm forced to run tmpreaper as root? Or are my shell-skills not as good as I thought? I guess the problem is: tmpreaper will chdir(2) into each of the directories you've specified for cleanup, and check for files matching the <shell_pattern> there. It then builds a list of them, and uses that to protect them from removal. Any thought and/or advice? Edit: The command I'm trying to run is something like $ /usr/sbin/tmpreaper -t --protect 'lost+found' 30d /mydir 1> /dev/null error: chdir() to directory `lost+found' (inode 11) failed: Permission denied Edit 2: I read the source code for tmpreaper-1.6.13 and found this if (safe_chdir (dirname)) exit(1); and if (chdir (dirname)) { message (LOG_ERROR, "chdir() to directory `%s' (inode %lu) failed: %s\n", dirname, (u_long) sb1.st_ino, strerror (errno)); return 1; } So it seems tmpreaper needs to be able to chdir in to all directories, ignored or not. I see two options left Run tmpreaper as root Move the download directory Find a alternative tool (tmpwatch?) I will give it some more research before i make a choice.

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• Fusion Learning Center News

  - by Richard Lefebvre

  The Fusion Learning Center portal now includes more than 1,600 learning assets. With so many assets, we have re-organized this portal slightly by introducing a new References section in the right lower corner, where we are providing quick links to the key assets. Furthermore, we have introduced a new Release Readiness section in the left navigation. Currently this points to the latest release; Release 4. We will be updating this section to also include the ability to stripe the assets by release. More to come on this later! New Assets and Uplifted Content include: The CRM Family Foundation webinar is updated to reflect the latest content CRM has also created two new Sales Positioning webinars: Contracts Solution Pitch and PRM Solution Pitch The Fusion Apps FAQ is updated - the changes can be found in the change log

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• How to run a program and get its PID in the background

  - by Ivan

  I have a Minecraft server startup script that looks like this: #!/bin/bash cd "$(dirname "$0")" exec java -Xmx4096M -Xms4096M -jar minecraft_server.jar How do I get java process's PID while being able to enter input into the Java process? if I change the exec line to exec java -Xmx4096M -Xms4096M -jar minecraft_server.jar & echo $! > pid it won't let me input any text into the Minecraft server java process.

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• dhclient append settings from multiple DHCP servers

  - by Brian

  I have a server with two interfaces connected to two separate networks, using DHCP for both. When dhclient is writing /etc/resolv.conf, I would like it to append settings that aren't already there. For instance, if I receive from one DHCP server: nameserver 10.0.0.1 search one.mydomain.com and from another: nameserver 10.1.1.254 search two.mydomain.com Then resolv.conf should look like this: search one.mydomain.com two.mydomain.com nameserver 10.0.0.1 nameserver 10.1.1.254 At the moment, it seems the last dhclient overwrites whatever was there. I know I can preconfigure settings in dhclient.conf using supercede or append, but then I have to hard-code the values. I've scoured the man page for dhclient, but it seems like dhclient prefers to work alone (i.e. not in conjunction with any other dhclients)...or am I missing something?

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• Download from http server all directories,files and subdirectories and so on

  - by Jack

  I want to download from remote http server all files directories,files and so on. I found some solutions to ftp server,but doesn't work to http. Until now no luck with wget -r or -m. It download all direcotories in the root and the respective index.html. Not all files and sub-directory under such it(note the sub-directory may have another directory and so on) not sure on tags fix for me if needs. Note: I'm not a native english speaker,sorry for bad english.

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• script to su with password in script without root

  - by Triplell89

  I have scripted a process that involves updating symbolic links on files located on 3 different machines. On those machines exists 4 users each, who each need to have these links updated. Using su, is there a way to pass the password argument to the command on a single line, without invoking sudo as the users will not have admin rights? My only alternative solution at this point is to ssh around, however I would like to be able to do this without hardcoding in a bunch of hosts/ips.

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• New Whitepaper: Sales Cloud Business Object Cheatsheet

  - by Richard Bingham

  Ever tried coding groovy in Application Composer and found it hard to remember the API names for the standard objects and their fields? To help we have created this short set of ERD-like diagrams for the most regularly used Business Objects with along with their key attributes. As a handy PDF we hope this quick-reference guide will make this easier and save you some time. Please let us know in the comments below if this is useful or any enhancements you'd like us to add.

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• How could I portably split large backup files over multiple discs?

  - by sourcejedi

  Context: I make backups / archives, primarily of photos. I'm experimenting with Bup, which is designed for backup to hard disk. Basically it creates Git repos which include packfiles of up to 1GB. But I still need last-ditch backups to keep offline and move offsite (and keeping them on read-only media is good too!). What are the options for archiving and splitting large files over several discs like CDs (and reading them back!)? I'd prefer methods which will stay readable in future. are portable e.g. to Windows. have known simple implementations, so I could re-implement them myself if necessary. (Using Bup packs will stretch my robustness budget. So I want to be confident about how other parts of the system would behave). I heard split archives are possible with both ZIP and 7-Zip. Is that right?

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• Add user in CentOS 5

  - by Ron

  I created a new user in my CentOS web server with useradd. Added a password with passwd. But I can't log in with the user via SSH. I keep getting 'access denied'. I checked to make sure that the password was assigned and that the account is active. /var/log/secure shows the following error: Aug 13 03:41:40 server1 su: pam_unix(su:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=500 euid=0 tty=pts/0 ruser=rwade rhost= user=root Please help, Thanks Thanks for the responses so far: I should add that it is a VPS on a remote computer, fresh out of the box. I can log in as the root user quite fine. I can also su to the new user, but I cannot log in as the new user. Here is my sshd_config file: # $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.73 2005/12/06 22:38:28 reyk Exp $ # This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file. See # sshd_config(5) for more information. # This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin # The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with # OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where # possible, but leave them commented. Uncommented options change a # default value. #Port 22 #Protocol 2,1 Protocol 2 #AddressFamily any #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 #ListenAddress :: # HostKey for protocol version 1 #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key # HostKeys for protocol version 2 #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key #HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key #KeyRegenerationInterval 1h #ServerKeyBits 768 # Logging # obsoletes QuietMode and FascistLogging #SyslogFacility AUTH SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV #LogLevel INFO # Authentication: #LoginGraceTime 2m #PermitRootLogin yes #StrictModes yes #MaxAuthTries 6 #RSAAuthentication yes #PubkeyAuthentication yes #AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts #RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 #HostbasedAuthentication no # Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for # RhostsRSAAuthentication and HostbasedAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts no # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files #IgnoreRhosts yes # To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here! #PasswordAuthentication yes #PermitEmptyPasswords no PasswordAuthentication yes # Change to no to disable s/key passwords #ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes ChallengeResponseAuthentication no # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes #KerberosGetAFSToken no # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no GSSAPIAuthentication yes #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes # Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing, # and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will # be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication mechanism. # Depending on your PAM configuration, this may bypass the setting of # PasswordAuthentication, PermitEmptyPasswords, and # "PermitRootLogin without-password". If you just want the PAM account and # session checks to run without PAM authentication, then enable this but set # ChallengeResponseAuthentication=no #UsePAM no UsePAM yes # Accept locale-related environment variables AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL #AllowTcpForwarding yes #GatewayPorts no #X11Forwarding no X11Forwarding yes #X11DisplayOffset 10 #X11UseLocalhost yes #PrintMotd yes #PrintLastLog yes #TCPKeepAlive yes #UseLogin no #UsePrivilegeSeparation yes #PermitUserEnvironment no #Compression delayed #ClientAliveInterval 0 #ClientAliveCountMax 3 #ShowPatchLevel no #UseDNS yes #PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid #MaxStartups 10 #PermitTunnel no #ChrootDirectory none # no default banner path #Banner /some/path # override default of no subsystems Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server

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• traffic shaping with "netem delay" works ok, but limits upload bandwidth to 330KB/s. Why?

  - by dsmilkov

  I'm using Ubuntu 9.04 and the kernel 2.6 build-in NETEM tool to delay traffic. After I apply: tc qdisc add dev eth0 root netem delay 100ms The upload bandwidth can't go further than 330KB/s and I have a 100Mbit connection. How can I fix this so that my upload bandwidth is still full. Thanks!

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• a load balancing scenario using HAProxy and keepalived shows no performance advantage

  - by chakoshi

  Hi, I am trying to setup a load balanced web server scenario, using two HAproxy load balancers and two debian web servers following this guide http://www.howtoforge.com/setting-up-a-high-availability-load-balancer-with-haproxy-keepalived-on-debian-lenny. the setup is working but the results of simple performance benchmarking is not what I expected. I tried apache benchmark tool to send lots of requests to servers (one time directly testing one of the web servers and the other time testing through the load balancer) using the command "ab -n 1000000 -c 500 http://IP/index.html", but the test results shows better performance for the single server without load balancer. can any one tell me if I'm going wrong on some thing?

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• Cannot boot NixOS Install CD

  - by InFreefall

  I am trying to install NixOS on an Acer laptop. When I try to boot off of the install CD, the system starts up and shows the Acer logo. Then, the boot menu of the CD appears, but it only displays on the top left corner of the screen. The rest of the screen still shows the Acer logo. If I try to select "boot" from the menu, that area of the screen goes black, and nothing else happens. I tried adding "nomodeset" to the boot arguments, but that did not affect anything. Are there any other boot arguments or anything else that could fix this?

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• What did Emolator do with My Laptop?

  - by Garry

  I played SEGA with my KEGA.exe (Sega Emulator) and it made my right key to be malfunctioned. Befor that day, I had played it, too in my notebook with fullscreen mode, and suddenly my ACER Aspire One notebook restarted during that emulator was running and before the screen was black (boot), my screen was blue with many words but I couldn't read them, but I remember that there was a word like 000000 x 0000000 x 000000 and bla bla bla. And when I played without fullscreen mode, It didn't happened but it made my right key to be malfunctioned until when I went to Bot setup, my right key doesn't work. Do U know what is the problem of my emulator? Can U explain me for that?

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• Why does sshd give a different identification when connecting through netcat?

  - by Robbie Mckennie

  I have been attempting to create a way to ssh into a machine hiding behind a firewall. I set up my ssh client with the option Proxycommand /usr/bin/ncat -l 2000, and then I connect it to sshd with ncat <client> 2000 -c "sshd -i" on the server. It works in that I can get a shell on the server, but the server sends a different key than when I use normal ssh. So the question is, why? Is the key different when sshd is called in this unusual way?

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• Processes spawned by taskset not respecting environment variables

  - by jonesy16

  I've run into an issue where an intel compiler generated program that I'm running with taskset has been putting its temporary files into the working directory instead of /tmp (defined by environment variable TMPDIR). If run by itself, it works correctly. If run with taskset (e.g. taskset -c 0 <program> Then it seems to completely ignore the TMPDIR environment variable. I then verified this by writing a quick bash script as follows: contents of test.sh: #!/bin/bash echo $TMPDIR When run by itself: $ export TMPDIR=/tmp $ test.sh /tmp When run through taskset: $ export TMPDIR=/tmp $ taskset -c 1 test.sh "" Another test. If I export the TMPDIR variable inside of my script and then use taskset to spawn a new process, it doesn't know about that variable: #!/bin/bash export TMPDIR=/tmp taskset -c 1 sh -c export When run, the list of exported variables does not include TMPDIR. It works correctly with any other exported environment variable. If i diff the output of: export and taskset -c 1 bash -c export Then I see that there are 4 changes. The taskset spawned export doesn't have LD_LIBRARY_PATH, NLSPATH (intel compiler variable), SHLVL is 3 instead of 1, and TMPDIR is missing. Can anyone tell me why?

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• How can I prevent firefox from using bitmap fonts at certain zoom levels?

  - by Ryan Thompson

  In firefox 3.6 on Ubuntu 9.10, certain sites seem to use bitmap fonts for any fixed-width fonts, but only at specific zoom levels. This site and other stackexchange sites are among the affected sites, and of course the default zoom level is affected. At unaffected zoom levels, I get the expected smooth curvy fonts. How can I make firefox use the nice curvy smooth fonts at all zoom levels?

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• How to know the number of CPUs and spec for each CPU/Core in Ubuntu Karmic?

  - by Viet

  How to know the number of CPUs and spec for each CPU/Core in Ubuntu Karmic?

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• Monitor Bonded Interface for Disconnection

  - by bradlis7

  I am trying to monitor for network failures on a machine, and one portion of that is to monitor interfaces that are intended to be active also be "RUNNING". An Ethernet port, such as eth0, will say "RUNNING" if it is physically connected to another device. The problem lies in the bonded interfaces, such as bond0. If all of the ethernet devices are disconnected, it still says that it is running, and it is still pingable. Is this by design, or is my system setup incorrectly? Does the miimon option have something to do with this?

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• Why do I get "Permission denied (publickey)" when trying to SSH from local Ubuntu to a Amazon EC2 se

  - by Vorleak Chy

  I have an instance of an application running in the cloud on Amazon EC2 instance, and I need to connect it from my local Ubuntu. It works fine on one of local ubuntu and also laptop. I got message "Permission denied (publickey)" when trying to access SSH to EC2 on another local Ubuntu. It's so strange to me. I'm thinking some sort of problems with security settings on the Amazon EC2 which has limited IPs access to one instance or certificate may need to regenerate. Does anyone know a solution?

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