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  • convert full-disk RAID5 array to partition-based array?

    - by Delan Azabani
    I have a RAID 5 array, md0, with three full-disk (non-partitioned) members, sdb, sdc, and sdd. My computer will hang during the AHCI BIOS if AHCI is enabled instead of IDE, if these drives are plugged in. I believe it may be because I'm using the whole disk, and the AHCI BIOS expects an MBR to be on the drive (I don't know why it would care). Is there a way to convert the array to use members sdb1, sdc1 and sdd1, partitioned MBR with 0xFD RAID partitions?

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  • Postfix character encoding?

    - by Camran
    I use Postfix as a mailserver. I have Ubuntu OS. Then I use PHP to send emails. Problem is that none of my emails are encoded properly by a mailsoftware which my VPS provider uses. According to them, the problem lies with me. It is only the name field which isn't encoded properly. For example "Björn" becomes "Björn" in my emails. However, when I echo the $name, it outputs "Björn" which is correct. Also, gmail and hotmail does show it correctly. The strange part is that the "text" (the message itself) is encoded properly. I use the following for sending mail: $headers="MIME-Version: 1.0"."\n"; $headers.="Content-type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8"."\n"; $headers.="From: $name <$email>"."\n"; $name= iconv(mb_detect_encoding($name), "UTF-8//IGNORE//TRANSLIT", $name); //// I HAVE TRIED WITH AND WITHOUT THE LINE ABOVE, NO DIFFERENCE mail($to, '=?UTF-8?B?'.base64_encode($subject).'?=', $text, $headers, '[email protected]'); I have tried with and without the iconv line also, no luck. The last thing I can think of is POSTFIX, could there be a setting for character encoding there? Anybody knows?

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  • soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 11s! error with Xen virtual machines

    - by Arun
    Getting a kernel panic with this error on my XEN VPS's. (all on 8.04 LTS) The kernel version on my Dom-0 is 2.6.24-25-xen and the kernel version on the Xen VPS is also 2.6.24-25-xen. I read something about disabling APIC from here http://muffinresearch.co.uk/archives/2008/08/20/ubuntu-bug-soft-lockup-cpu0-stuck-for-11s/ but that doesn't seem to help as well. Anyone experienced this and are there any workarounds? Thanks in advance!

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  • Server not configured error

    - by Ivan Slaughter
    I'm using Plesk 8.3 for my hosting account. Server said : Server Default page If you see this page it means: 1. hosting for this domain is not configured or 2. there's no such domain registered in Plesk What you can do: * Using Plesk, you can create domains with web hosting on a single physical server. what left on my setting?

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  • Conferences to go to 2011 Edition

    - by Zypher
    It's that time of year to start thinking about what conferences we want to beg,plead,borrow and steal to get to go to this year. We all like a good conference, but are generally limited in the funds available to go to them - if we are provided any - so we need to be at least a little picky. What are the conferences that you are really excited about this year, and what tracks do you think will be the most beneficial to a sysadmin?

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  • Mounting both /dev/sda and /dev/sda1 - how can this be?

    - by itsadok
    I work on an Amazon EC2 instance that somebody else set up. We have an EBS volume mounted on /dev/sda, even though the root device is already on /dev/sda1, and we're also using `/dev/sda2' user@server:~$ mount /dev/sda1 on / type ext3 (rw) ... (snip) /dev/sda2 on /mnt type ext3 (rw) /dev/sda on /vol type xfs (rw,noatime) ... This doesn't seem to fit with what I know about the way /dev/ works. How is this possible, and more importantly: will this cause trouble in the future? I'm running ubuntu 9.04 jaunty.

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  • Samba server with Virtual Box Guest

    - by Anwar Shah
    I want to setup a samba server on My Ubuntu host for My Windows Guest in Virtual Box. I am using Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows version is Windows XP. VirtualBox 4.1.0.0 The Question is : How can I achieve this or Is it possible? Note: I am not trying to use the shared folder feature of Virtual Box. I used that feature already. Please Remember that I have only a physical machine. The other one is virtual.

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  • How long does badblocks take on a 1TB drive?

    - by Steven Don
    I'm running badblocks (or rather "e2fsck -c") on a 1TB drive and if the progress indicator is any indication (no pun intended), it's going to take almost forever to complete. Right now it says 0.01% done, 30:20 elapsed which would mean the thing would take 17 weeks or so to complete, which seems rather excessive in my book. Is that a normal amount of time for such a check to take or it simply that my suspicions are correct in that the drive is failing, thus causing the check to take only slightly shorter than eternity? I found this question here, but that pertains to the amount of passes done.

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  • How to organise storage for media content such as video and music?

    - by thor
    Currently, we have a single server hosting all content: music, video and software. This content is downloaded by users through HTTP. Now free space is coming to an end and we are exploring different ways of extending our storage capacity. We want to do it cheap, simple and reliable (protected from disk/ server faults). Currenly, we see two ways: Add a couple of cheap servers with 4 disks (RAID1 ?), run some distributed file-system on top, like GlusterFS. Pros: hopefully, we will see all our disks as single flat file system, just dump content into it and be done. Cons: could be tricky in configuration and handling of faults. Add a couple of cheap servers, all running HTTP servers. Each piece of content (be it a music file or video) is placed on randomly selected two servers. Pros: don't have to deal with RAID, as content is duplicated; single server failure does not bring down any part of content; doubled distribution capacity (as any signle file could be downloaded from any of two servers hosting it). Cons: requires some scripting on part of distribution of content, adding/ removing servers. Do we miss any other ways? Which of the aforementioned options seems to be the best?

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  • The JavaFX Community Site on Java.net

    - by Tori Wieldt
    Community activity surrounding JavaFX has been steadily growing, with tweets, blog posts, and projects increasing in number. We are pleased to announce that there is now a JavaFX community site on Java.net at the following URL: javafxcommunity.com  This site is an aggregator of JavaFX information, where you can find links to JavaFX blog posts, tweets, and other resources.  Gerrit Grunwald and Jim Weaver are the community leaders for this site, and they welcome your feedback on how to make the JavaFX Community site more useful to you! Learn more on Jim Weaver’s Rich-Client Java Blog. 

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  • Different external ip addresses from different sites

    - by user630286
    My router is ClearOS 6(Centos 6). In my router, I have two external (internet) network connections from two ISP's. The primary connection is eth2 connected to a cable modem and the second one is ppp0 connected to a dsl modem. I have assigned eth2 as the primary connection (with a high metric value). In fact this is done through clearos's multiwan web interface. I have a test in my Nagios to monitor whether the primary connection. This connection is done based on the result of curl ifconfig.me But it seems that ifconfig.me is always giving the ip address of my secondary connection. I tested it through a browser. Yes ifconfig.me gives the secondary internet's(ppp0) ip address. But whatismyipaddress.[com|org] give my primary ip address (eth2). I checked the default route on the router through ip route list 0/0 which also shows the primary connection (eth2) as the default route. The traceroute www.google.com and traceroute ifconfig.me both seems to trace through the primary connection (eth2). As our secondary internet connection has only got a limited download, I don't want to end up having to pay a large sum at the end of the month. Has somebody got an idea why the ifconfig.me shows my secondary address? What is the best way to ensure that my router(and thus the lan) use the right internet connection.

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  • VirtualBox management interface unreliability

    - by Arlen Cuss
    I'm using VirtualBox 3.2.8_OSE with 20 VMs running, and everything's going fine. I find that if I hammer the VBoxManage interface, all sorts of interesting things happen, usually necessitating either a restart of the VM in question, or of all VMs. For instance, if I use VBoxManage guestcontrol execute to run processes, after a few hours of using it maybe once or twice a minute on any given VM, it'll mysteriously start reporting VERR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED and refusing to do anything—sometimes trying to restart /usr/sbin/VBoxService on the VM itself will get it back in working order, but often it won't, and in the meantime, no data can be collected using VBoxManage. Such data includes the VM's IP, so if I hadn't recorded it earlier, I'm usually in trouble and have no option but to portscan the network for it, or kill the VM's process on the host manually and restart it. This one I haven't narrowed down yet, but it seems that even using VBoxManage guestproperty get (to retrieve a machine's IP) frequently and rapidly is enough to cause all VMs' management interfaces to die. The processes are still running fine, but VBoxManage reports them all as "powered off". In the meantime, another process somewhere in the system seems to have decided that their being powered off means they need to be powered on again, and suddenly I have 2x the number of VBoxHeadless processes running than I used to. Has anyone else seen behaviour like this? Is there any workaround? This is a serious impediment to my work, as I've had to resort to a lot of (hacky) caching of data and rate-limiting how often I call VBoxManage, just in case I accidentally bring 20 VMs to their knees.

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  • Setting MTU on Exalogic

    - by csoto
    For many reasons, a system administrator may want to change the MTU settings of a server. But in a system like Exalogic which contains lots of interconnected nodes and other various components, it's important to understand how this applies to the different networks. For example, when bringing up bonding of InfiniBand an error like the following may be thrown: Bringing up interface bond1: SIOCSIFMTU: Invalid argument Both scripts ifcfg-ib0 and ifcfg-ib1 (from the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ direectory) have MTU set to 65500, which is a valid MTU value only if all IPoIB slaves operate in connected mode and are configured with the same value, so the line below must be added to both network scripts and then restart the network: CONNECTED_MODE=yes By the way, an error of the form “SIOCSIFMTU: Invalid argument” indicates that the requested MTU was rejected by the kernel. Typically this would be due to it exceeding the maximum value supported by the interface hardware. In that case you must either reduce the MTU to a value that is supported or obtain more capable hardware. This problem has been seen when trying to modify the MTU using the ifconfig command, like the output of the example below: [root@elxxcnxx ~]# ifconfig ib1 mtu 65520 SIOCSIFMTU: Invalid argument It's important to insist that in most cases the nodes must be rebooted after the MTU size has been changed. Although in some circumstances it may work without a reboot, it is not how it is typically documented. Now, in order to achieve a reduced memory consumption and improve performance for network traffic received on IPoIB related interfaces, it is recommend to reduce the MTU value in interface configuration files for IPoIB related bonds from 65520 to 64000. The change needs to be made to interface configuration files under the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts directory and applies to the interface configuration files for bonds over IPoIB related slave devices, for example /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond1. However, keep in mind that the numeric portion of the interface filenames that corresponding to IPoIB interfaces is expected to vary across compute nodes and vServers and so cannot be relied upon to identify which interface files are for bonds are over IPoIB rather than EoIB related slave interfaces. To fix these MTU values to the recommended settings, there are very useful instructions and a script on the MOS Note 1624434.1, and it's applicable physical and virtual configurations of Exalogic. Regarding the recommended MTU value for EoIB related interfaces, its maximum appropriate value is 1500. If for some reason a vServer has been created with a higher value (set on the /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0 file), then it must be fixed. An error like the following could be thrown under this circumstance: [root@vServer ~]# service network restart ... Bringing up interface bond0:  SIOCSIFMTU: Invalid argument Also an error like the one below can be seen on the /var/log/messages file of the vServer: kernel: T5074835532 [mlx4_vnic] eth1:vnic_change_mtu:360: failed: new_mtu 64000 2026 The MOS Note 1611657.1 is very useful for this purpose.

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  • Move Ubuntu to another drive

    - by Ben Dilts
    I have a laptop with an 80GB SSD and 500GB HDD. I currently have Windows installed on the SSD, and a 400GB data partition for Windows on the HDD. I set aside 100GB on the HDD to try out Ubuntu, and I'd like to make it my primary OS and switch it over to the (much) faster SSD. How could I go about getting my Ubuntu setup moved over to the SSD? I have a 120GB USB hard drive I can use if necessary for getting through it.

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  • Is it possible to install Ubuntu Server 10.04 *from* a USB drive?

    - by MousePad
    I've tried the Universal USB Installer from PenDrive, and put 10.04 Ubuntu Server on it. But when I boot up and try to install, it looks for a Ubuntu CD ROM, which I do not have. I thought the whole point is to be able to install from a USB, which seems easy with the Desktop version. Why is the server version not allowing me to do this? Am I missing something?

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  • Explaining Git to someone new to revision control

    - by MaxMackie
    I've recently decided to jump into the whole world of revision control to work on some open source projects I have. I looked around (subversion, mercurial, git, etc) and found that Git seemed to make more sense conceptually to me. I've set everything up on my computer (opensuse) and made an account on gitorious (let me know if there is a more simple/better hosting provider). I understand Git from a conceptual point of view (work locally, commit to a local repo, others can now checkout from you, right?). But where does gitorious come into play? I commit to them as well as committing locally? Apart from conceptually, I don't quite understand HOW it works when it comes to making a local repository and running git init inside a folder and that HEAD file. Keep in mind I have never used any form of revision control ever before. So even the most basic concepts are foreign to me. As I post this, I'm also reading up and trying to figure it out myself.

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  • How to limit reverse SSH tunelling ports?

    - by funktku
    We have a public server which accepts SSH connections from multiple clients behind firewalls. Each of these clients create a Reverse SSH tunnel by using the ssh -R command from their web servers at port 80 to our public server. The destination port(at the client side) of the Reverse SSH Tunnel is 80 and the source port(at public server side) depends on the user. We are planning on maintaining a map of port addresses for each user. For example, client A would tunnel their web server at port 80 to our port 8000; client B from 80 to 8001; client C from 80 to 8002. Client A: ssh -R 8000:internal.webserver:80 clienta@publicserver Client B: ssh -R 8001:internal.webserver:80 clientb@publicserver Client C: ssh -R 8002:internal.webserver:80 clientc@publicserver Basically, what we are trying to do is bind each user with a port and not allow them to tunnel to any other ports. If we were using the forward tunneling feature of SSH with ssh -L, we could permit which port to be tunneled by using the permitopen=host:port configuration. However, there is no equivalent for reverse SSH tunnel. Is there a way of restricting reverse tunneling ports per user?

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  • Apache availability with the two front-ends on diferent locations. Is it possible?

    - by marc.riera
    Hello, I have to locations (office and service providers). One DNS(bind) serving our domain as authoritative, and a service provider webserver with our corporate web on a private server. So.. Now we are planing to upgrade our server on the ISP to a new one, and I would like to use this situation to improve our service. Is it possible to mount a high availability apache/mysql/php within to different locations? I will install a bind slave on the same new server, so I hope it will make things easier, but I need some hints and tips on how to ride it. THanks.

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  • Using udev to create a character device based on a driver being loaded

    - by SteveCB
    I'm in the process of setting up RAID monitoring for a number of Dell servers that use the PERC 6i integrated card. We're using Nagios at present and the check_megasasctl plugin seems to fit the bill. However, the plugin relies upon the existence of: /dev/megaraid_sas_ioctl_node This device node doesn't exist by default, you have to create it by hand using something like: mknod /dev/megaraid_sas_ioctl_node c 253 0 Now, to make the existence of this device node persistent across reboots, I thought I could write a udev rule, but as usual, I'm missing something. I thought I could create a file such as /etc/udev/rules.d/10-local/rules that contained: DRIVER=="megasas" NAME="megaraid_sas_ioctl_node" MODE="0600" But this doesn't work - no device node after a reboot. Dmesg output indicates the megasas driver is loaded and functional: megasas: 00.00.04.01-RH1 Thu July 10 09:41:51 PST 2008 megasas: 0x1000:0x0060:0x1028:0x1f0c: bus 1:slot 0:func 0 megasas: FW now in Ready state Further, I don't see any means to instruct udev on which type of device node to create: character or block. I suspect I'm failing to understand exactly how udev is meant to work. I realise I could just cheat and run MegaCLI in /etc/rc.local, redirecting output to /dev/null; it creates the megaraid_sas_ioctl_node device node as part of its execution. I just thought using udev rules would be a) cleaner and b) a useful learning exercise. Perhaps I should just dump the above mknod command in /etc/rc.local... So how do I get udev to create the /dev/megaraid_sas_ioctl_node device node based on the presence of the megasas driver? Cheers Steve

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  • How to disable or tune filesystem cache sharing for OpenVZ?

    - by gertvdijk
    For OpenVZ, an example of container-based virtualization, it seems that host and all guests are sharing the filesystem cache. This sounds paradoxical when talking about virtualization, but this is actually a feature of OpenVZ. It makes sense too. Because only one kernel is running, it's possible to benefit from sharing the same pages of filesystem cache in memory. And while it sounds beneficial, I think a set up here actually suffers in performance from it. Here's why I think why: my machines aren't actually sharing any files on disk so I can't benefit from this feature in OpenVZ. Several OpenVZ machines are running MySQL with MyISAM tables. MyISAM relies on the system's filesystem cache for caching of data files, unlike InnoDB's buffer pool. Also some virtual machines are known to do heavy and large I/O operations on the same filesystem in the host. For example, when running cat *.MYD > /dev/null on some large database in one machine, I saw the filesystem cache lowering in another, monitored by htop. This essentially flushes all the useful filesystem cache in guests (FIFO) and so it flushes the MySQL caches in the guests. Now users are complaining that MySQL is very slow. And it is. Some simple SELECT queries take several seconds on times disk I/O is heavily used by other machines. So, simply put: Is there a way to avoid filesystem cache being wiped out by other virtual machines in container-based virtualization? Some thoughts: Choosing algorithm for flushing filesystem cache in the kernel. (possible? how?) Reserving a certain amount of pages for a single VM. (seems no option for filesystem cache type of pages that reading man vzctl) Will running MySQL on another filesystem get me anywhere? If not, I think my alternatives are: Use KVM for MySQL-MyISAM running VMs. KVM actually assigns memory to the VM and does not allow swapping out caches unless using a balloon driver. Move to InnoDB and tune the buffer pools, dirty pages, etc. This is now considered to be 'nice to have' on the long-term as not everyone responsible for administration of the system understands InnoDB. more suggestions welcome. System software: Proxmox (now 1.9, could be upgraded to 2.x). One big LV assigned for the VMs.

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  • mount multiple folders with nfs4 on centos

    - by microchasm
    I'm trying to get nfs4 working here. Machine 1 (server) I have a folder and in it 2 other folders I'm trying to share independently. /shared/folder1 /shared/folder2 Problem is, I can't seem to figure out how to mount the folders independently on the client. (Machine 1 - server) /etc/exports: /var/shared/folder1 192.168.200.101(rw,fsid=0,sync) /var/shared/folder2 192.168.200.101(rw,fsid=0,sync) ... exportfs -ra (Machine 2 - client) /etc/fstab: 192.168.200.201:/folder1/ /home/nfsmnt/folder1 nfs4 rw 0 0 ... mount /home/nfsmnt/folder1 mount.nfs4: 192.168.200.201:/folder1/ failed, reason given by server: No such file or directory The folder is there. I'm positive. I think there is something simple I'm missing, but I'm totally missing it. It seems like there should be a way in fstab to tell nfs which folder on the server I want to mount. But I can only find references to what looks like a root mount point (e.g. 192.168.1.1:/) which I assume is handled by exports on the server. But even with the folders set up in exports, there doesn't seem to be an apparent way to pich and choose which gets mounted. Is it not possible to mount separate folders from the same server to different mount points on the client? Any help appreciated.

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  • Siebel 2012-IP Release is now GA

    - by Richard Lefebvre
    The Siebel development team is pleased to announce the general availability of the highly anticipated 2012 Siebel Innovation Pack on 12/12/2012. The journey began last year as a concept at Open World that invigorated the Siebel customer base and partners across the globe, culminating in this 2012-IP release that delivers much valued usability enhancements on an existing release. Open UI and Siebel Mobile are the key innovations that are released as part of the 2012-IP on both 8.1.1.9 and the 8.2.2.2 releases. These innovations are a giant leap forward in facilitating Siebel usability while supporting multiple browsers and devices. Siebel Mobile released as part of the IP provide connected Mobile solutions that support key Horizontal Sales, Field Service, Life Sciences and Consumer Goods flows. See the Siebel Open UI Dada Sheet here.

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  • Over writing output to a text file

    - by Naveen Gamage
    I'm trying to write wget command's output to a text file, but it always appends to the text file. #!/bin/sh download() { local url=$1 echo -n " " wget --progress=dot $url 2>&1 | grep --line-buffered "%" | \ sed -u -e "s,\.,,g" | awk '{printf("\b\b\b\b%4s", $2)}' echo " DONE" } file="$1" echo -n "Downloading $file:" download "$file" > file.log I tried using using > won't work, where am I doing wrong?

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  • How to exit vncconfig process properly

    - by Stan
    On CentOS 5.7, when open up a vncconfig, a tray icon shows on the taskbar. Hit close or the x button to close the vncconfig doesn't exit the vncconfig, the tray icon is still there. Next time, if I open up another vncconfig rather than clicking the one on taskbar. There will be another vncconfig tray icon added to the taskbar. Except using kill $pid to remove the tray icon, is there any other way to exit the vncconfig process properly? See screenshot below:

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