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Articles indexed Sunday October 7 2012

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• Design patterns frequently seen in embedded systems programming

  - by softwarelover

  I don't have any question related to coding. My concerns are about embedded systems programming independent of any particular programming language. Because I am new in the realm of embedded programming, I would quite appreciate responses from those who consider themselves experienced embedded systems programmers. I basically have 2 questions. Of the design patterns listed below are there any seen frequently in embedded systems programming? Abstraction-Occurrence pattern General Hierarchy pattern Player-Role pattern Singleton pattern Observer pattern Delegation pattern Adapter pattern Facade pattern Immutable pattern Read-Only Interface pattern Proxy pattern As an experienced embedded developer, what design patterns have you, as an individual, come across? There is no need to describe the details. Only the pattern names would suffice. Please share your own experience. I believe the answers to the above questions would work as a good starting point for any novice programmers in the embedded world.

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• is there any elegant way to analyze an engineer's process?

  - by NewAlexandria

  Plenty of sentiment exists that measuring commits is inappropriate. Has any study been done that tries to draw in more sources than commits - such as: browsing patterns IDE work (pre-commit) idle time multitasking I can't think of an easy way to do these measures, but I wonder if any study has been done. On a personal note, I do believe that reflection on one's own 'metrics' could be valuable regardless of (or in the absence of) using these for performance eval. I.E. an un-biased way to reflect on your habits. But this is a discussion matter beyond Q&A.

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• How important is it for a programmer to know how to implement a QuickSort/MergeSort algorithm from memory?

  - by John Smith

  I was reviewing my notes and stumbled across the implementation of different sorting algorithms. As I attempted to make sense of the implementation of QuickSort and MergeSort, it occurred to me that although I do programming for a living and consider myself decent at what I do, I have neither the photographic memory nor the sheer brainpower to implement those algorithms without relying on my notes. All I remembered is that some of those algorithms are stable and some are not. Some take O(nlog(n)) or O(n^2) time to complete. Some use more memory than others... I'd feel like I don't deserve this kind of job if it weren't because my position doesn't require that I use any sorting algorithm other than those found in standard APIs. I mean, how many of you have a programming position where it actually is essential that you can remember or come up with this kind of stuff on your own?

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• tdd is about design not verification what does it concretely mean?

  - by sigo

  I've been wondering about this. What do we exactly mean by design and verification. Should I just apply tdd to make sure my code is SOLID and not check is correct external behaviour ? Should I use Bdd for the correct behaviour part ? Where I get confused also is regarding TDD code katas, to me they looked like more about verification than design... shouldn't they be called bdd katas instead of tdd katas? I reckon that for example uncle bob bowling kata leads in the end to a simple and nice internal design but I felt that most of the process was more around vérification than design. Design seemed to be a side effect of testing incrementally the external behaviour. I didnt feel so much that we were focusing most of our efforts on design but more on vérification. While normally we are told the contrary, that in TDD, verification is a side effect, design is the main purpose. So my question is what should i focus exactly on when i do tdd: SOLID, external Api usability, what else...? And how can I do that without being focused on verification ? What do you guys focus your energy on when you are practicing TDD ?

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• Can you find the problem in my boot-info

  - by erich

  I'm trying to install Ubuntu 12.04 for two days now. Thats something pretty strange because normally thats done in about half an hour. It doesn't boot whatever I try. I got several different types of not-booting until now. All without significant error messages. Now that I'm running out of ideas I thought maybe one of you is able to find my mistake. The boot info is at http://paste.ubuntu.com/1265205/ If you need any other information I'd be happy to provide it.

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• Unable to overscan at lower resolution with AMD ATI

  - by Basavaraj

  I am running Ubuntu 12.04 with the latest ATI drivers installed. I have the catalyst option but I am unable to set overscan. My default resolution is 1920*1080 on 15inch display. I want to set it to a lower resolution. But on setting it to any lower resolution the display shrinks i.e I see black chopped off display on the left and on the right :( Really frustrating this, wasted hours on this already. I realized that this is referred to as overscan, but the ATI Catalyst Administrative just does not allow me to set the option. Can someone please through some light on this topic?

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• Two equal items in alternatives list

  - by Red Planet

  I want to have two JDKs. The first one was installed a long time ago to /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle/. I installed the second version and executed following commands to add it to alternatives: red-planet@laptop:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/opt/java_1.6.0_35/bin/java" 2 update-alternatives: using /opt/java_1.6.0_35/bin/java to provide /usr/bin/java (java) in auto mode. red-planet@laptop:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/opt/java_1.6.0_35/bin/javac" 2 update-alternatives: using /opt/java_1.6.0_35/bin/javac to provide /usr/bin/javac (javac) in auto mode. red-planet@laptop:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/opt/java_1.6.0_35/bin/javaws" 2 update-alternatives: using /opt/java_1.6.0_35/bin/javaws to provide /usr/bin/javaws (javaws) in auto mode. And configured: There are 2 choices for the alternative java (providing /usr/bin/java). Selection Path Priority Status ------------------------------------------------------------ * 0 /opt/java_1.6.0_35/bin/java 2 auto mode 1 /opt/java_1.6.0_35/bin/java 2 manual mode 2 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle/bin/java 1 manual mode Press enter to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: Why do I have two equal items in the list?

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• Make application automatically detect system language

  - by hakermania

  What should an application developed under a Linux System like Ubuntu do so as to automatically detect the system language? There are applications, like Liferea that automatically change their language to match the system's, without altering any preference of the program itself: Should this be the "default" behavior for all the programs? Should there be an option on the program so as to let the user choose the language nonetheless? Are all these translations coming along with the program itself? What if the user has set a system language not available in the translations of the program? Is this Ubuntu or most-linux-distros specific?

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• busybox initramfs prompt while attempting to install from live cd on 2nd hdd

  - by da92n

  busybox initramfs prompt while attempting to install from live cd on 2nd hdd I've created a partition in ext3 on my second hdd to intall linux however when i come to boot the CD i get directed to a busybox prompt with no other choice than help. Other topics i've read on the subject where bound to the idea ubuntu has been already installed, and that the partition needs to be just indicated or else... But since i've no ubuntu installed, neither have i any partition that ubuntu should consider like that... How can i go through that?

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• Flash animations doesn't work

  - by sosen

  I have a following problem: I have Ubuntu 12.04 installed on my Athlon 1800+ + 1 GB RAM + Nvidia Geforce4 MMX 440 (pretty old configuration) and everything works just fine except Flash Player in my Web browser (tried Firefox and Chromium). Instead of movie/animation, I get blank space. I updated my system via update manager, checked the plugins (everything OK), installed and updated flash player one more time, installed Ubuntu restricted extras, tried Firefox's Flash Aid, even tried Youtube Html 5 (still the same result)... Please, help me! I enjoy working with Linux and Ubuntu is the first that works for me well (after Open Suse and Fedora) but I have no idea what is wrong now...

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• Upgrade two computers on the same WIFI network from 12.04 to 12.10

  - by deshmukh

  I have two computers on the same WIFI network at home. Both run on Ubuntu 12.04 and both will need to update to 12.10 shortly. There are some applications that are installed on one but not on the other and vice versa. But they share a large many applications. Please indicate how can I upgrade both in such a way that: I download all the packages required on Computer 1 Move the downloaded packages to the other computer using external HD (that is much quicker than over WIFI) Then upgrade Computer 1 Then upgrade Computer 2 -- after it downloads any packages that are not already available. Also, I am a newbie and would be grateful if the process is simple and properly explained.

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• Launcher icon size and window behavior broken

  - by philipp

  I have installed the nvidia driver for my graphic card, just following some tutorials what works fine now. After this I could set the Icon size of the launcher, windows had a nice litte shadow, resolution was better and the windows showed up a nice effect when popping up an or when bringing to full-screen... But today the this was just gone after reboot. What could this be? Nvidia xserver-settings are availible. I installed and reinstalled wine1.5 via the apt-get commands, so this might broke something. What can do to fix this again? Greetings philipp EDIT: I went on searching and all i found was that this problem might be connected to the mode of unit, so there is 2d and 3d, but could also be something else, just because setting the mode brings no change. EDIT 2: the version of Ubuntu is: 12.04 and it is a 64 bit environment the graphic card is: GeForce GT 330M Edit 3: Using maps.google in webGL mode does not work anymore too, it was working yesterday. EDIT 4: the screenshot. btw: I think that blender is not working anymore too... EDIT: 5 I think that the problem is closely connected to this output

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• Failed to install the proprietary display driver, Compiz crashed!

  - by Naveen

  ATI Mobility Radeon HD 5400 I was using the default open source driver with Gnome classic, but when I upgraded to the closed sourced one using jockey-gtk/additional drivers everything messed up! It failed to activate the driver. Here is the error log. Wobbly windows or any other compiz effect won't work now. I can't even move a window! I'm on Precise Pangolin, Kernel-3.2.0-31-generic-pae Please Help! :( Update: I think my driver is installed even jockey doesn't show it. Compiz effects are working in Unity desktop... but I want it on Gnome Classic.

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• Can't boot from liveUSB when trying to install it alongside Windows 7

  - by ali

  I'm very noob at Linux and installing techniques. I want to install 12.04 from bootable usb flash alongside Windows 7 (also tried live CD but not working) but computer is not booting from USB flash or LIVE-CD and boots windows 7 (Acer Aspire 4750g) and of course I have set the BIOS priority in the right way. There is one important point to tell that I have installed Fedora 16 on my laptop successfully and now I have it on my system. When I was trying to install Fedora I got some error and searched about it and got this point that I should delete a .efi file and then installation went right. In this case , what should I do to solve the problem? (I also don't need my Fedora anymore).

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• Grub loading unknown file system grub rescue

  - by Ashish Kumar

  I am new to Linux. I had Windows 7 installed in my laptop. Yesterday I installed Ubuntu 9.0 from a free CD I got. I choose the option "Install side by side with Windows 7 loader (something like that..)". Everything went fine & I installed Ubuntu. When I restarted, I could easily boot from both Windows 7 & Ubuntu. But later when I booted from Windows 7, I did a disk management by right clicking "my Computer" & choosing the option "Manage". Actually I deleted a drive & added that empty volume in another drive. Now when I start my system it shows the following error: Grub loading Unknown file system grub rescue> I have no clue what to do now. Please help me at urgent. Any solution in layman's language is greatly appreciated. P.S. I want all my files on both Windows 7 & Ubuntu.

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• DVC101 Video Capture Device on USB hub - Ubuntu Server 12.04

  - by John

  I have a Dell Inspiron 8600 laptop I use as a media server/video capture system. It only has 2 USB ports and I have a total of 3 devices I need to connect. The DVC101 works perfectly while plugged directly into the USB port in back of the laptop. Unfortunately it does not get recognized when plugged into a passive or powered USB hub. Questions: Is there something I am missing on the Ubuntu side? Something I need to do that will allow the device to be recognized through the hub? If not, will the extra USB ports on a dell laptop dock (port replicator) act the same as the aftermarket hubs? I know this one is off topic of Ubuntu but any input appreciated.

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• My desktop disappeared, how do I get it back?

  - by sunny

  I have Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. This morning when I logged into my Ubuntu, after login screen the complete desktop was empty, the only operation I could perform is right-click and open terminal. What I've tried: Ctrl+Alt+F1 unity --reset : didn't work From terminal unity --reset : didn't work And from login screen selecting Ubuntu 2D and that also didn't solve the problem. My laptop is Toshiba SA-60 onboard ATI graphic card with 1 GB RAM. Please tell me how to solve this problem. I don't want to reinstall Ubuntu as whenever I install a I/O error pops up, forget about that. I don't want to reinstall Ubuntu. Please help.

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• Where can I ask web design questions of a more amateur nature?

  - by Warren van Rooyen

  I don't want to bother pro web designers with simple questions as I see most of the questions here are quite technical. An example would be, 'I have a template I've downloaded. The folder contains a css folder and PHP files. How would I bring this into Dreamweaver?' It's unfortunately in a space between what I'd be able to find on Google and asking here without feeling like a hinderance for those who don't want to answer such simple questions. Thanks, Warren.

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• Reliable method for google analytics tracking for print advertising campaign?

  - by chrisjlee

  A client is looking to track advertising clicks through a newspaper ad to measure success. They have rigid business requirements that it will be a unique domain... e.g. foowidgetsnews.net instead of foodwidgets.com/contact-form-page.php What is the most reliable method of building redirected url to a landing page so it will be tracked in google analytics as a direct hit from the newspaper? Finally, we would like to track the foowidgetsnews.net as the main url in google analytics because 301 redirect isn't tracked in google analytics like the way we would like it to.

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• Rotate an image in a scaled context

  - by nathan

  Here is my working piece of code to rotate an image toward a point (in my case, the mouse cursor). float dx = newx - ploc.x; float dy = newy - ploc.y; float angle = (float) Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(dy, dx)); Where ploc is the location of the image i'm rotating. And here is the rendering code: g.rotate(loc.x + width / 2, loc.y + height / 2, angle); g.drawImage(frame, loc.x, loc.y); Where loc is the location of the image and "width" and "height" are respectively the width and height of the image. What changes are needed to make it works on a scaled context? e.g make it works with something like g.scale(sx, sy).

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• Using copyrighted sprites

  - by Zertalx

  I was thinking about making a pacman clone, I know there is a similar question here Using Copyrighted Images , but I know i can't use the original art from the game because it belongs to Namco, so if I design a character that has the shape of the slice circle it will look exactly like pacman, maybe if I use green instead of yellow? Also if the game plays like the original pacman, it is wrong? I just want to make the game as a personal project and and publish it in my site without getting in trouble

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• How to build a turn-based multiplayer "real time" server

  - by jmosesman

  I want to build a TCG for mobile devices that is multiplayer over the web (not local wifi or bluetooth). As a player plays cards I want the second player to see what is being played in "real time" (within a few seconds). Only one player can play at a time. Server requirements: 1) Continuously listens for input from Player 1 2) As it receives input from Player 1, sends the message to Player 2 I know some PHP, but it seems like unless I had a loop that continued until I broke it (seems like a bad idea) the script would just receive one input and quit. On the mobile side I know I can open sockets using various frameworks, but what language allows a "stream-like" behavior that continuously listens/sends messages on the server? Or if I'm missing something, what would be the best practice here?

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• How are events in games handled?

  - by Alex

  In may games that I have played, I have seen events being triggered, such as when you walk into a certain land area while holding a specific object, it will trigger a special creature to spawn. I was wondering, how do games deal with events such as this? Not in a specific game, but in general among games. The first thought I had was that each place has a hard-coded set of events that it will call when something happens there. However, that would be too inefficient to maintain, as when something new is added, that would require modification of every part of the game that would potentially cause the event to be called. Next up, I had the idea of maybe how GUI programming works. In all of the GUI programming I've done, you create a component and a callback function, or a listener. Then, when the user interacts when the button, the callback function is called, allowing you to do something with it. So, I was thinking that in terms of a game, when a land area gets loaded the game loops over a list of all events, creating instances of them and calling public methods to bind them to the current scene. The events themselves then handle what scene it is, and if it is a scene that pertains to the event, will call the public method of the scene to bind the event to an action. Then, when the action takes place, the scene would call all events that are bound to that action. However, I'm sure that's not how games would operate either, as that would require a lot of creating of events all the time. So how to video games handle events, are either of those methods correct, or is it something completely different?

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• frame lock networking

  - by kochol

  I'm developing an RTS game and I want to add multiplayer support to my game. I picked the easiest technique to implement for start frame locking technique. I used server client networking architecture (I think it's my first mistake I think using peer to peer is a better one for this) On game update every clients send their commands and maybe receive some command then render the frame and wait for all clients to send their update complete message then all of them can go for the next frame. I send commands and all logic is calculated on the clients based on commands but the clients can go out of sync easily. Every AI controlled units make different decisions on each clients What I have to do to sync my game? Do you suggest me a better network architecture or technique?

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• Png image processing in .NET.

  - by Oybek

  I have the following task. Take a base image and overlay on it another one. The base image is 8b png as well as overlay. Here are the base (left) and overlay (right) images. Here is a result and how it must look. The picture in the left is a screenshot when one picture is on top of another (html and positioning) and the second is the result of programmatic merging. As you can see in the screenshot the borders of the text is darker. Also here are the sizes of the images Base image 14.9 KB Overlay image 6.87 KB Result image 34.8 KB The size of the resulting image is also huge Here is my code that I use to merge those pictures /*...*/ public Stream Concatinate(Stream baseStream, params Stream[] overlayStreams) { var @base = Image.FromStream(baseStream); var canvas = new Bitmap(@base.Width, @base.Height); using (var g = canvas.ToGraphics()) { g.DrawImage(@base, 0, 0); foreach (var item in overlayStreams) { using (var overlayImage = Image.FromStream(item)) { try { Overlay(@base, overlayImage, g); } catch { } } } } var ms = new MemoryStream(); canvas.Save(ms, ImageFormat.Png); canvas.Dispose(); @base.Dispose(); return ms; } /*...*/ /*Tograpics extension*/ public static Graphics ToGraphics(this Image image, CompositingQuality compositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighQuality, SmoothingMode smoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighQuality, InterpolationMode interpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic) { var g = Graphics.FromImage(image); g.CompositingQuality = compositingQuality; g.SmoothingMode = smoothingMode; g.InterpolationMode = interpolationMode; return g; } My questions are What should I do in order to merge images to achieve the result as in the screenshot? How can I lower the size of the result image? Is the System.Drawing a suitable tool for this or is there any better tool for working with png for .NET?

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