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Articles indexed in July 2012

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• AES encryption/decryption java bouncy castle explanation?

  - by Programmer0

  Can someone please explain what this program is doing pointing out some of the major points? I'm looking at the code and I'm completely lost. I just need explanation on the encryption/decryption phases. I think it generates an AES 192 key at one point but I'm not 100% sure. I'm not sure what the byte/ivBytes are used for either. import java.security.Key; import javax.crypto.Cipher; import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator; import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec; public class RandomKey { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { byte[] input = new byte[] { 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07 }; byte[] ivBytes = new byte[] { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 }; //initializing a new initialization vector IvParameterSpec ivSpec = new IvParameterSpec(ivBytes); //what does this actually do? Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CTR/NoPadding", "BC"); //what does this do? KeyGenerator generator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES","BC"); //I assume this generates a key size of 192 bits generator.init(192); //does this generate a random key? Key encryptKey = generator.generateKey(); System.out.println("input: " +toHex(input)); //encryption phase cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, encryptKey, ivSpec); //what is this doing? byte[] cipherText = new byte[cipher.getOutputSize(input.length)]; //what is this doing? int ctLength = cipher.update(input, 0, input.length, cipherText,0); //getting the cipher text length i assume? ctLength += cipher.doFinal (cipherText, ctLength ); System.out.println ("Cipher: " +toHex(cipherText) + " bytes: " + ctLength); //decryption phase cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, encryptKey, ivSpec); //storing the ciphertext in plaintext i'm assuming? byte[] plainText = new byte[cipher.getOutputSize(ctLength)]; int ptLength = cipher.update(cipherText, 0, ctLength, plainText, 0); //getting plaintextLength i think? ptLength= cipher.doFinal (plainText, ptLength); System.out.println("plain: " + toHex(plainText, ptLength)); } private static String digits = "0123456789abcdef"; public static String toHex(byte[] data, int length) { StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(); for (int i=0; i!= length; i++) { int v = data[i] & 0xff; buf.append(digits.charAt(v >>4)); buf.append(digits.charAt(v & 0xf)); } return buf.toString(); } public static String toHex(byte[] data) { return toHex(data, data.length); } }

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• Is there any good reason for private methods existence in C# (and OOP in general)?

  - by Piotr Lopusiewicz

  I don't mean to troll but I really don't get it. Why would language designers allow private methods instead of some naming convention (see __ in Python) ? I searched for the answer and usual arguments are: a) To make the implementation cleaner/avoid long vertical list of methods in IDE autocompletion b) To announce to the world which methods are public interface and which may change and are just for implementation purpose c) Readability Ok so now, all of those could be achieved by naming all private methods with __ prefix or by "private" keyword which doesn't have any implications other than be information for IDE (don't put those in autocompletion) and other programers (don't use it unless you really must). Hell, one could even require unsafe-like keyword to access private methods to really discourage this. I am asking this because I work with some c# code and I keep changing private methods to public for test purposes as many in-between private methods (like string generators for xml serialization) are very useful for debugging purposes (like writing some part of string to log file etc.). So my question is: Is there anything which is achieved by access restriction but couldn't be achieved by naming conventions without restricting the access ?

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• Multiple dynamic timers

  - by Rickard

  I am working on a project where I need to let the user create one (or more) timers to fire off an event. The user is supposed to define variables such as if the timer should be active and how often the timer will fire along with some other variables of what will happen when the timer is fiering. All these variables are stored in a dictionary (Disctionary) where the object holds all the variables the user has set and the string is the name that the user has chosen for this timer. I then want my program to loop through this dictionary and search for all objects which has the variable t_Active set to true (this I have already achieved). What I need help with figuring out is the follwoing: When it detects the variable, and if it's set to true, I need the program to see if there is already a timer created for this. If it isn't, it should create one and set the relevant parameters for the timer. The two variables t_num and t_period should decide the interval of the timer. t_num is an int and t_period is a string which will be set to either minutes, hours or days. Combining t_num with 60000 (minutes), 3600000 (hours) or 86400000 should give the corrct interval. But how would I go on about programatically create a timer for each user-defined active object? And how do I get the program to detect wether or not a timer has already been created? I have been searching both here and on google, but so far I haven't come across something that makes sense to me. I am still learning C#, so what make sense to you guys may not neccessarilly make sense to me yet. :) I hope I have explaned what I need good enough, please do ask me to clarify if you don't get me. Edit: Maybe I should also mention that the mentioned dictionary will also be saved to an XML file to that the user can pick up all the settings they made at any time.

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• Force line-buffering of stdout when piping to tee

  - by houbysoft

  Usually, stdout is line-buffered. In other words, as long as your printf argument ends with a newline, you can expect the line to be printed instantly. This does not appear to hold when using a pipe to redirect to tee. I have a C++ program, a, that outputs strings, always \n-terminated, to stdout. When it is run by itself (./a), everything prints correctly and at the right time, as expected. However, if I pipe it to tee (./a | tee output.txt), it doesn't print anything until it quits, which defeats the purpose of using tee. I know that I could fix it by adding a fflush(stdout) after each printing operation in the C++ program. But is there a cleaner, easier way? Is there a command I can run, for example, that would force stdout to be line-buffered, even when using a pipe?

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• How to rotate a figure without moving around the stage(actionscript)

  - by Mister PHP

  package { import flash.display.MovieClip; import flash.events.Event; public class Bullet extends MovieClip { private var mc:MovieClip; public function Bullet() { mc = new MovieClip(); mc.graphics.beginFill(0); mc.graphics.drawRect(120, 120, 40, 40); mc.graphics.endFill(); addChild(mc); addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, onEnterFrame); } private function onEnterFrame(e:Event):void{ mc.rotation += 10; } } } how can i make the rotation of the circle without moving him around the stage, just staying in the place he was before and just rotate, not moving anywhere is that posible?? if you try this code you'll see that the circle is rotating and moving around the stage, so that i don't want, how can i change this?

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• Jquery mobile email form with php script

  - by Pablo Marino

  i'm working in a mobile website and i'm having problems with my email form The problem is that when I receive the mail sent through the form, it contains no data. All the data entered by the user is missing. Here is the form code <form action="correo.php" method="post" data-ajax="false"> <div> <p><strong>You can contact us by filling the following form</strong></p> </div> <div data-role="fieldcontain"> <fieldset data-role="controlgroup" data-mini="true"> <label for="first_name">First Name</label> <input id="first_name" placeholder="" type="text" /> </fieldset> </div> <div data-role="fieldcontain"> <fieldset data-role="controlgroup" data-mini="true"> <label for="last_name">Last name</label> <input id="last_name" placeholder="" type="text" /> </fieldset> </div> <div data-role="fieldcontain"> <fieldset data-role="controlgroup" data-mini="true"> <label for="email">Email</label> <input id="email" placeholder="" type="email" /> </fieldset> </div> <div data-role="fieldcontain"> <fieldset data-role="controlgroup" data-mini="true"> <label for="telephone">Phone</label> <input id="telephone" placeholder="" type="tel" /> </fieldset> </div> <div data-role="fieldcontain"> <fieldset data-role="controlgroup" data-mini="true"> <label for="age">Age</label> <input id="age" placeholder="" type="number" /> </fieldset> </div> <div data-role="fieldcontain"> <fieldset data-role="controlgroup" data-mini="true"> <label for="country">Country</label> <input id="country" placeholder="" type="text" /> </fieldset> </div> <div data-role="fieldcontain"> <fieldset data-role="controlgroup"> <label for="message">Your message</label> <textarea id="message" placeholder="" data-mini="true"></textarea> </fieldset> </div> <input data-inline="true" data-theme="e" value="Submit" data-mini="true" type="submit" /> </form> Here is the PHP code <? /* aqui se incializan variables de PHP */ if (phpversion() >= "4.2.0") { if ( ini_get('register_globals') != 1 ) { $supers = array('_REQUEST', '_ENV', '_SERVER', '_POST', '_GET', '_COOKIE', '_SESSION', '_FILES', '_GLOBALS' ); foreach( $supers as $__s) { if ( (isset($$__s) == true) && (is_array( $$__s ) == true) ) extract( $$__s, EXTR_OVERWRITE ); } unset($supers); } } else { if ( ini_get('register_globals') != 1 ) { $supers = array('HTTP_POST_VARS', 'HTTP_GET_VARS', 'HTTP_COOKIE_VARS', 'GLOBALS', 'HTTP_SESSION_VARS', 'HTTP_SERVER_VARS', 'HTTP_ENV_VARS' ); foreach( $supers as $__s) { if ( (isset($$__s) == true) && (is_array( $$__s ) == true) ) extract( $$__s, EXTR_OVERWRITE ); } unset($supers); } } /* DE AQUI EN ADELANTE PUEDES EDITAR EL ARCHIVO */ /* reclama si no se ha rellenado el campo email en el formulario */ /* aquí se especifica la pagina de respuesta en caso de envío exitoso */ $respuesta="index.html#respuesta"; // la respuesta puede ser otro archivo, en incluso estar en otro servidor /* AQUÍ ESPECIFICAS EL CORREO AL CUAL QUEIRES QUE SE ENVÍEN LOS DATOS DEL FORMULARIO, SI QUIERES ENVIAR LOS DATOS A MÁS DE UN CORREO, LOS PUEDES SEPARAR POR COMAS */ $para ="[email protected];" /* this is not my real email, of course */ /* AQUI ESPECIFICAS EL SUJETO (Asunto) DEL EMAIL */ $sujeto = "Mail de la página - Movil"; /* aquí se construye el encabezado del correo, en futuras versiones del script explicaré mejor esta parte */ $encabezado = "From: $first_name $last_name <$email>"; $encabezado .= "\nReply-To: $email"; $encabezado .= "\nX-Mailer: PHP/" . phpversion(); /* con esto se captura la IP del que envío el mensaje */ $ip=$REMOTE_ADDR; /* las siguientes líneas arman el mensaje */ $mensaje .= "NOMBRE: $first_name\n"; $mensaje .= "APELLIDO: $last_name\n"; $mensaje .= "EMAIL: $email\n"; $mensaje .= "TELEFONO: $telephone\n"; $mensaje .= "EDAD: $age\n"; $mensaje .= "PAIS: $country\n"; $mensaje .= "MENSAJE: $message\n"; /* aqui se intenta enviar el correo, si no se tiene éxito se da un mensaje de error */ if(!mail($para, $sujeto, $mensaje, $encabezado)) { echo "<h1>No se pudo enviar el Mensaje</h1>"; exit(); } else { /* aqui redireccionamos a la pagina de respuesta */ echo "<meta HTTP-EQUIV='refresh' content='1;url=$respuesta'>"; } ?> Any help please? Thanks in advance Pablo

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• ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error in CustomersController#create (attr_accessible is set)

  - by megabga

  In my controller, I've got error when create action and try create model [can't mass-assignment], but in my spec, my test of mass-assignment model its pass!?! My Model: class Customer < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :doc, :doc_rg, :name, :birthday, :name_sec, :address, :state_id, :city_id, :district_id, :customer_pj, :is_customer, :segment_id, :activity_id, :person_type, :person_id belongs_to :person , :polymorphic => true, dependent: :destroy has_many :histories has_many :emails def self.search(search) if search conditions = [] conditions << ['name LIKE ?', "%#{search}%"] find(:all, :conditions => conditions) else find(:all) end end end I`ve tired set attr_accessible in controller too, in my randomized way. the Controller: class CustomersController < ApplicationController include ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity attr_accessible :doc, :doc_rg, :name, :birthday, :name_sec, :address, :state_id, :city_id, :district_id, :customer_pj, :is_customer autocomplete :business_segment, :name, :full => true autocomplete :business_activity, :name, :full => true [...] end The test, my passed test describe "accessible attributes" do it "should allow access to basics fields" do expect do @customer.save end.should_not raise_error(ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error) end end The error: ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error in CustomersController#create Can't mass-assign protected attributes: doc, doc_rg, name_sec, address, state_id, city_id, district_id, customer_pj, is_customer https://github.com/megabga/crm 1.9.2p320 Rails 3.2 MacOS pg

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• Is there any syntax checker for knockout.js?

  - by YMC

  I like knockout.js, the only problem is Visual Studio knows nothing about this framework, so it does not prevent me from silly things like assigning some value to observable property with '=' operator which makes it regular property, and it's not easy to reveal at compile time and often at runtime even. I wonder is there any syntax checker/highlighter for Visual Studio 2010 that helps me prevent faults like this? What about VS 2011? It might be a great help for developers who are new to knockout. Thanks

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• How to convert an application to be a database independent app ?

  - by Eslam

  I have a java web application that has informix DB as it's back end database , now i take a decision to make my app work with SqlServer so i changed all the informix related syntax into SqlServer, and i may take a decision in the future to switch into oracle so the pain will be repeated again and again, as a result i decided to make my application a DataBase independent one that's able to work with any DB vendor smoothly, but i have no idea till now about how to do that, so your ideas is welcomed.

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• Reordering Variadic Parameters

  - by void-pointer

  I have come across the need to reorder a variadic list of parameters that is supplied to the constructor of a struct. After being reordered based on their types, the parameters will be stored as a tuple. My question is how this can be done so that a modern C++ compiler (e.g. g++-4.7) will not generate unnecessary load or store instructions. That is, when the constructor is invoked with a list of parameters of variable size, it efficiently pushes each parameter into place based on an ordering over the parameters' types. Here is a concrete example. Assume that the base type of every parameter (without references, rvalue references, pointers, or qualifiers) is either char, int, or float. How can I make it so that all the parameters of base type char appear first, followed by all of those of base type int (which leaves the parameters of base type float last). The relative order in which the parameters were given should not be violated within sublists of homogeneous base type. Example: foo::foo() is called with arguments float a, char&& b, const float& c, int&& d, char e. The tuple tupe is std::tuple<char, char, int, float, float>, and it is constructed like so: tuple_type{std::move(b), e, std::move(d), a, c}. Consider the struct defined below, and assume that the metafunction deduce_reordered_tuple_type is already implemented. How would you write the constructor so that it works as intended? If you think that the code for deduce_reodered_tuple_type, would be useful to you, I can provide it; it's a little long. template <class... Args> struct foo { // Assume that the metafunction deduce_reordered_tuple_type is defined. typedef typename deduce_reordered_tuple_type<Args...>::type tuple_type; tuple_type t_; foo(Args&&... args) : t_{reorder_and_forward_parameters<Args>(args)...} {} }; Edit 1 The technique I describe above does have applications in mathematical frameworks that make heavy use of expression templates, variadic templates, and metaprogramming in order to perform aggressive inlining. Suppose that you wish to define an operator that takes the product of several expressions, each of which may be passed by reference, reference to const, or rvalue reference. (In my case, the expressions are conditional probability tables and the operation is the factor product, but something like matrix multiplication works suitably as well.) You need access to the data provided by each expression in order to evaluate the product. Consequently, you must move the expressions passed as rvalue references, copy the expressions passed by reference to const, and take the addresses of expressions passed by reference. Using the technique I describe above now poses several benefits. Other expressions can use uniform syntax to access data elements from this expression, since all of the heavy-lifting metaprogramming work is done beforehand, within the class. We can save stack space by grouping the pointers together and storing the larger expressions towards the end of the tuple. Implementing certain types of queries becomes much easier (e.g. check whether any of the pointers stored in the tuple aliases a given pointer). Thank you very much for your help!

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• Template compilation error in Sun Studio 12

  - by Jagannath

  We are migrating to Sun Studio 12.1 and with the new compiler [ CC: Sun C++ 5.10 SunOS_sparc 2009/06/03 ]. I am getting compilation error while compiling a code that compiled fine with earlier version of Sun Compiler [ CC: Sun WorkShop 6 update 2 C++ 5.3 2001/05/15 ]. This is the compilation error I get. "Sample.cc": Error: Could not find a match for LoopThrough(int[2]) needed in main(). 1 Error(s) detected. * Error code 1. CODE: #include <iostream> #define PRINT_TRACE(STR) \ std::cout << __FILE__ << ":" << __LINE__ << ":" << STR << "\n"; template<size_t SZ> void LoopThrough(const int(&Item)[SZ]) { PRINT_TRACE("Specialized version"); for (size_t index = 0; index < SZ; ++index) { std::cout << Item[index] << "\n"; } } /* template<typename Type, size_t SZ> void LoopThrough(const Type(&Item)[SZ]) { PRINT_TRACE("Generic version"); } */ int main() { { int arr[] = { 1, 2 }; LoopThrough(arr); } } If I uncomment the code with Generic version, the code compiles fine and the generic version is called. I don't see this problem with MSVC 2010 with extensions disabled and the same case with ideone here. The specialized version of the function is called. Now the question is, is this a bug in Sun Compiler ? If yes, how could we file a bug report ?

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• Struts2 Value Stack

  - by vipul12389

  I want to understand Struts 2 value stack vs request scope. I want the struts2 value stack to work same as request scope. for e.g. i have invoked action1 in struts 2, the action performs some db task and gets back. it performs some operation on a object called cases (type Cases, where Cases is bean class with getters and setters). cases object is declared at class level. action1 led a view to be rendered say jsp1. jsp1 again has some action called as action2. action2 leads to the same java file as of action1 but has different method. Now, i want to access the object which was used in action1. during action1 cases was pushed to Value Stack and was accessed on jsp1. I simply tried accessing its getter methods, but it returns a null value....!! any solution on how to do ??? or is it possible ?? i know if its possible then what is the difference between vs and request scope...

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• Parameterized SPARQL query with JENA

  - by sandra

  I'm trying to build a small semantic web application using Jena framework, JSP and JAVA. I have a remote SPARQL endpoint and I've already written a simple query which works fine but now I need to use some parameters. Here is my code so far: final static String serviceEndpoint = "http://fishdelish.cs.man.ac.uk/sparql/"; String comNameQuery = "PREFIX fd: <http://fishdelish.cs.man.ac.uk/rdf/vocab/resource/> " + "SELECT ?name ?language ?type" + "WHERE { ?nameID fd:comnames_ComName ?name ;" + "fd:comnames_Language ?language ;" + "fd:comnames_NameType ?type ." + "}"; Query query = QueryFactory.create(comNameQuery); QueryExecution qe = QueryExecutionFactory.sparqlService(serviceEndpoint,query); try { ResultSet rs = qe.execSelect(); if ( rs.hasNext() ) { System.out.println(ResultSetFormatter.asText(rs)); } } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } finally { qe.close(); } What I want to do is to parameterized ?name. I'm new to Jena and I'm not really sure how to use parameters in a SPARQL query. I would appreciate it if someone could help me with this.

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• Android onFling not responding

  - by Kevin Moore

  I am new to android first of all so think of any newbie mistakes first I am trying to add a fling function in my code. public class MainGamePanel extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback, OnGestureListener { private MainThread thread; private Droid droid; private Droid droid2; private static final String TAG = gameView.class.getSimpleName(); private GestureDetector gestureScanner; public MainGamePanel(Context context){ super(context); getHolder().addCallback(this); droid = new Droid(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.playerbox2), 270, 300); droid2 = new Droid(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.playerbox2), 50, 300); thread = new MainThread(getHolder(), this); setFocusable(true); gestureScanner = new GestureDetector(this); } public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event){ return gestureScanner.onTouchEvent(event); } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas){ canvas.drawColor(Color.BLACK); droid.draw(canvas); droid2.draw(canvas); } @Override public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) { droid.setX(50); droid.setY(50); Log.d(TAG, "Coords: x=" + e1.getX() + ",y=" + e2.getY()); return true; } @Override public boolean onDown(MotionEvent e) { droid2.setX((int)e.getX()); droid2.setY((int)e.getY()); Log.d(TAG, "Coords: x=" + e.getX() + ",y=" + e.getY()); return false; } I got the gestureListener to work with: onDown, onLongPress, and onShowPress. But i can't get any response with onFling, onSingleTapUp, and onScroll. What mistake am I making? does it have to do with views? I don't know what code would be useful to see.... so any suggestions would be much appreciated. Thank You!

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• Enum types, FlagAttribute & Zero value

  - by nmgomes

  We all know about Enums types and use them every single day. What is not that often used is to decorate the Enum type with the FlagsAttribute. When an Enum type has the FlagsAttribute we can assign multiple values to it and thus combine multiple information into a single enum. The enum values should be a power of two so that a bit set is achieved. Here is a typical Enum type: public enum OperationMode { /// <summary> /// No operation mode /// </summary> None = 0, /// <summary> /// Standard operation mode /// </summary> Standard = 1, /// <summary> /// Accept bubble requests mode /// </summary> Parent = 2 } In such scenario no values combination are possible. In the following scenario a default operation mode exists and combination is used: [Flags] public enum OperationMode { /// <summary> /// Asynchronous operation mode /// </summary> Async = 0, /// <summary> /// Synchronous operation mode /// </summary> Sync = 1, /// <summary> /// Accept bubble requests mode /// </summary> Parent = 2 } Now, it’s possible to do statements like: [DefaultValue(OperationMode.Async)] [TypeConverter(typeof(EnumConverter))] public OperationMode Mode { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Gets a value indicating whether this instance supports request from childrens. /// </summary> public bool IsParent { get { return (this.Mode & OperationMode.Parent) == OperationMode.Parent; } } or switch (this.Mode) { case OperationMode.Sync | OperationMode.Parent: Console.WriteLine("Sync,Parent"); break;[…]  But there is something that you should never forget: Zero is the absorber element for the bitwise AND operation. So, checking for OperationMode.Async (the Zero value) mode just like the OperationMode.Parent mode makes no sense since it will always be true: (this.Mode & 0x0) == 0x0 Instead, inverse logic should be used: OperationMode.Async = !OperationMode.Sync public bool IsAsync { get { return (this.Mode & ContentManagerOperationMode.Sync) != ContentManagerOperationMode.Sync; } } or public bool IsAsync { get { return (int)this.Mode == 0; } } Final Note: Benefits Allow multiple values combination The above samples snippets were taken from an ASP.NET control and enabled the following markup usage: <my:Control runat="server" Mode="Sync,Parent"> Drawback Zero value is the absorber element for the bitwise AND operation Be very carefully when evaluating the Zero value, either evaluate the enum value as an integer or use inverse logic.

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• Current Technologies

  - by Charles Cline

  I currently work at the University of Kansas (KU) and before that Stanford University, to be particular the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC).  Collaborating with various Higher Ed institutions the past several years has shown a marked increase in the Microsoft side of the house.  To give you an idea of our current environment, here are some of the things we (Enterprise Systems) have been working on the past two years I’ve been at KU: Migrated from Novell to Active Directory (AD), although we’re still leveraging Novell for IDM.  We currently have 550,000+ objects in AD, and we still have several departments to bring in. Upgraded from Exchange 2003 to Exchange 2010 and Forefront Online Protection for Exchange (FOPE) Implemented SCCM 2007 for Windows systems management Implemented central file storage using EMC products for the backend, using CIFS as the frontend Restructuring AD domains and Forests to decrease the administrative overhead and provide a primary authentication mechanism for the entire University Determining Key Performance Indicators for AD and Exchange Implemented SCOM 2007 to monitor AD and Exchange Implemented Confluence for collaboration within IT and other technology providers at the University Implemented Data Protection Manager (DPM) for backup of AD and Exchange Built a test and QA environment to better facilitate upcoming changes to the environment Almost ready to raise the AD domain level to 2008 R2   I’m sure I’m missing things, and my next post will be some of the things we’re getting ready for – like Centrify to provide AD for OS X and Linux systems.  If anyone would like more info on a particular area, please drop me a line.  I’d be happy to discuss.

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• Independence Day for Software Components &ndash; Loosening Coupling by Reducing Connascence

  - by Brian Schroer

  Today is Independence Day in the USA, which got me thinking about loosely-coupled “independent” software components. I was reminded of a video I bookmarked quite a while ago of Jim Weirich’s “Grand Unified Theory of Software Design” talk at MountainWest RubyConf 2009. I finally watched that video this morning. I highly recommend it. In the video, Jim talks about software connascence. The dictionary definition of connascence (con-NAY-sense) is: 1. The common birth of two or more at the same time 2. That which is born or produced with another. 3. The act of growing together. The brief Wikipedia page about Connascent Software Components says that: Two software components are connascent if a change in one would require the other to be modified in order to maintain the overall correctness of the system. Connascence is a way to characterize and reason about certain types of complexity in software systems. The term was introduced to the software world in Meilir Page-Jones’ 1996 book “What Every Programmer Should Know About Object-Oriented Design”. The middle third of that book is the author’s proposed graphical notation for describing OO designs. UML became the standard about a year later, so a revised version of the book was published in 1999 as “Fundamentals of Object-Oriented Design in UML”. Weirich says that the third part of the book, in which Page-Jones introduces the concept of connascence “is worth the price of the entire book”. (The price of the entire book, by the way, is not much – I just bought a used copy on Amazon for $1.36, so that was a pretty low-risk investment. I’m looking forward to getting the book and learning about connascence from the original source.) Meanwhile, here’s my summary of Weirich’s summary of Page-Jones writings about connascence: The stronger the form of connascence, the more difficult and costly it is to change the elements in the relationship. Some of the connascence types, ordered from weak to strong are: Connascence of Name Connascence of name is when multiple components must agree on the name of an entity. If you change the name of a method or property, then you need to change all references to that method or property. Duh. Connascence of name is unavoidable, assuming your objects are actually used. My main takeaway about connascence of name is that it emphasizes the importance of giving things good names so you don’t need to go changing them later. Connascence of Type Connascence of type is when multiple components must agree on the type of an entity. I assume this is more of a problem for languages without compilers (especially when used in apps without tests). I know it’s an issue with evil JavaScript type coercion. Connascence of Meaning Connascence of meaning is when multiple components must agree on the meaning of particular values, e.g that “1” means normal customer and “2” means preferred customer. The solution to this is to use constants or enums instead of “magic” strings or numbers, which reduces the coupling by changing the connascence form from “meaning” to “name”. Connascence of Position Connascence of positions is when multiple components must agree on the order of values. This refers to methods with multiple parameters, e.g.: eMailer.Send("[email protected]", "[email protected]", "Your order is complete", "Order completion notification"); The more parameters there are, the stronger the connascence of position is between the component and its callers. In the example above, it’s not immediately clear when reading the code which email addresses are sender and receiver, and which of the final two strings are subject vs. body. Connascence of position could be improved to connascence of type by replacing the parameter list with a struct or class. This “introduce parameter object” refactoring might be overkill for a method with 2 parameters, but would definitely be an improvement for a method with 10 parameters. This points out two “rules” of connascence:  The Rule of Degree: The acceptability of connascence is related to the degree of its occurrence. The Rule of Locality: Stronger forms of connascence are more acceptable if the elements involved are closely related. For example, positional arguments in private methods are less problematic than in public methods. Connascence of Algorithm Connascence of algorithm is when multiple components must agree on a particular algorithm. Be DRY – Don’t Repeat Yourself. If you have “cloned” code in multiple locations, refactor it into a common function.   Those are the “static” forms of connascence. There are also “dynamic” forms, including… Connascence of Execution Connascence of execution is when the order of execution of multiple components is important. Consumers of your class shouldn’t have to know that they have to call an .Initialize method before it’s safe to call a .DoSomething method. Connascence of Timing Connascence of timing is when the timing of the execution of multiple components is important. I’ll have to read up on this one when I get the book, but assume it’s largely about threading. Connascence of Identity Connascence of identity is when multiple components must reference the entity. The example Weirich gives is when you have two instances of the “Bob” Employee class and you call the .RaiseSalary method on one and then the .Pay method on the other does the payment use the updated salary?   Again, this is my summary of a summary, so please be forgiving if I misunderstood anything. Once I get/read the book, I’ll make corrections if necessary and share any other useful information I might learn.   See Also: Gregory Brown: Ruby Best Practices Issue #24: Connascence as a Software Design Metric (That link is failing at the time I write this, so I had to go to the Google cache of the page.)

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• Apache HTTP Server - Other local network pc can't access web application [closed]

  - by Manellen

  I have problem while accessing my web application through other pc via LAN. Here is the scenario: I have 3 computers directly connected to LAN and one computer has installed Apache HTTP Server also has a web application. 2 Other computers try to access wep application to the installed Apache HTTP Server computer and that 2 computers can't access the web application. That 2 computer displaying Does anyone know how to fix it? (fix how to make that 2 computer could access the web application through LAN) Thanks in advance.

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• Ububtu server 12.04 auto installation freezes at kickseeding running if ks.cfg has post scripts

  - by john206

  I'm trying to make a custom Ubuntu Server iso file. Kickstart file (ks.cfg) runs smooth when there is no %post in the file and Ubuntu installs correctly with ks configuration. Installation finishes installing base, apt, grub and It echos: Kickseed Running... and it freezes @ 0% I thought may be apt-get update doesnt work in ks file, I tried to install other apps like apache2 but no luck I have created dozen iso images and installed them in Virtual Box.I have been googling for 3 days and checked out ubuntu forums but haven't figured out the issue. I appreciate your help. This is how I made the iso image. My ks.file and txt.cfg files located in isolinux directory: root@ubuntu:/home/work mount -o loop ubuntu-12.04-amd64.iso original-iso/ rsync -a original-iso/ custom-iso/ cp ks.cfg custom-iso/isolinux/ cp txt.cfg custom-iso/isolinux/ chmod -R 777 custom-iso/ #Creating Iso image mkisofs -D -r -V “$IMAGE_NAME” -cache-inodes -J -l -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o ~/ubuntu-12.04-alternate-custom-amd64.iso custom-iso/ ks.cfg #Generated by Kickstart Configurator #platform=AMD64 or Intel EM64T #System language lang en_US #Language modules to install langsupport en_US #System keyboard keyboard us #System mouse mouse #System timezone timezone America/Los_Angeles #Root password rootpw --iscrypted somethingsomething #Initial user user ubuntu --fullname "ubuntu" --iscrypted --password somethingsomething. #Reboot after installation reboot #Use text mode install text #Install OS instead of upgrade install #Use CDROM installation media cdrom #System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr #Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr yes #Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel #Disk partitioning information part /boot --size 128 --fstype=ext3 --asprimary part / --size 512 --fstype=ext3 --asprimary part swap --size 512 part /tmp --size 512 --fstype=ext3 part /var --size 512 --fstype=ext3 part /usr --size 4096 --fstype=ext3 part /home --size 2048 --fstype=ext3 #System authorization infomation auth --useshadow --enablemd5 #Network information network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 #Firewall configuration firewall --disabled --http --ftp --ssh #X Window System configuration information xconfig --depth=32 --resolution=1024x768 --defaultdesktop=GNOME %post apt-get update mkdir /home/user txt.cfg default autoinstall label autoinstall menu label ^Install Custom Ubuntu Server kernel /install/vmlinuz append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet ks=cdrom:/isolinux/ks.cfg -- label install menu label ^Install Ubuntu Server kernel /install/vmlinuz append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed vga=788 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet -- label cloud menu label ^Multiple server install with MAAS kernel /install/vmlinuz append modules=maas-enlist-udeb vga=788 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet -- label check menu label ^Check disc for defects kernel /install/vmlinuz append MENU=/bin/cdrom-checker-menu vga=788 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet -- label memtest menu label Test ^memory kernel /install/mt86plus label hd menu label ^Boot from first hard disk localboot 0x80

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• mount.nfs: access denied by server while mounting (null), can't find any log information

  - by Mark0978

  Two ubuntu servers: 10.0.8.2 is the client, 192.168.20.58 is the server. Between the 2 machines, Ping works, ssh works (in both directions). From 10.0.8.2 showmount -e 192.168.20.58 Export list for 192.168.20.58: /imr/nfsshares/foobar 10.0.8.2 mount.nfs 192.168.20.58:/imr/nfsshares/foobar /var/data/foobar -v mount.nfs: access denied by server while mounting (null) Found several things online, tried them all and still can't find any log information anywhere. On the server: [email protected]:/var/log# cat /etc/hosts.allow sendmail: all ALL: 10.0.8.2 /etc/hosts.deny is all comments How can I get a trail of log statements to figure this out? What does it take to get some logging so I have some idea of WHY it won't mount? On the server: [email protected]# nmap -sR RPC 192.168.20.58 Starting Nmap 5.21 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2012-07-04 21:16 CDT Failed to resolve given hostname/IP: RPC. Note that you can't use '/mask' AND '1-4,7,100-' style IP ranges Nmap scan report for 192.168.20.58 Host is up (0.0000060s latency). Not shown: 988 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp open unknown 80/tcp open unknown 111/tcp open unknown 139/tcp open unknown 445/tcp open unknown 902/tcp open unknown 2049/tcp open unknown 3000/tcp open unknown 5666/tcp open unknown 8009/tcp open unknown 8222/tcp open unknown 8333/tcp open unknown Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 3.81 seconds From the client: [email protected]:~$ nmap -sR RPC 192.168.20.58 Starting Nmap 5.21 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2012-07-04 22:14 EDT Failed to resolve given hostname/IP: RPC. Note that you can't use '/mask' AND '1-4,7,100-' style IP ranges Nmap scan report for 192.168.20.58 Host is up (0.73s latency). Not shown: 988 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp open unknown 80/tcp open unknown 111/tcp open rpcbind (rpcbind V2) 2 (rpc #100000) 139/tcp open unknown 445/tcp open unknown 902/tcp open unknown 2049/tcp open nfs (nfs V2-4) 2-4 (rpc #100003) 3000/tcp open unknown 5666/tcp open unknown 8009/tcp open unknown 8222/tcp open unknown 8333/tcp open unknown Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 191.56 seconds

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• webserver horrible slow, sometimes incredible fast

  - by dhanke

  i am running a small community ( 6000+ Members ) on a non-virtual 64-bit ubuntu 11.04 system. I am not a Linux-pro, not even advanced, i just tried to setup a webserver, which does nothing special actually. Delivering some dynamic PHP and RoR websites is its task. So it might be that my configuration files do look horrible bad. Also, i might use the wrong vocabulary, so in doubt, please ask. Having a current all-time record of 520 registered users (board-accounts, no system-users) online at same time, average server-load is about 2.0 - 5.0. Meantime (~250 users) average server load value is at about 0.4 - 0.8, sometimes, on some expensive searches a bit higher. everything fine. From time to time however, the load increases up to 120 (120.0, not 12.0 ;) ). In this time, its hard to even connect via SSH, but when i reach the server, and use top/htop/iotop to see whats happening, i cannot identify any process causing high CPU load. iotop tells me about a current reading/writing speed of about approx. 70kb/s, which is quite equal to power-off i think. Memory-Usage is max. at ~ 12GB of 16GB, so swap remains empty. now the odd (at least for me:) waiting some minutes ( since i always get a bit into a panic when this happens, it feels like 5 minutes, but i suppose its more like 20-30 minutes) and the server is back to normal. everything continues as normal. another odd fact: when i run hdparm -tT /dev/sda, i get answer like: /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 7180 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3591.13 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 348 MB in 3.02 seconds = 115.41 MB/sec when i run the same command while the server is "frozen", the answer is like /dev/sda: <- takes about 5 minutes until this line appears Timing cached reads: 7180 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3591.13 MB/sec <- 5 more minutes Timing buffered disk reads: 348 MB in 3.02 seconds = 115.41 MB/sec <- another 5 minutes so the values are the same, but the quoted time is completely wrong. using time command as prefix also tells me that ~ 15 minutes were used. I searched in dmesg, /var/log/[messages|syslog] - nothing found. /var/log/errors however tells me that: Jul 4 20:28:30 localhost kernel: [19080.671415] INFO: task php5-fpm:27728 blocked for more than 120 seconds. Jul 4 20:28:30 localhost kernel: [19080.671419] "echo 0 /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message. multiple times. now that message does tell me that php5-fpm task was blocked or did block ? - but not if that is the cause or just one of the results of that "freeze". Anyone? to cut the long story short, i dont know where even to start analyzing. So if you can give me any advice by looking at following specs and configs, or ask me to provide more information, i`d be glad. Specs: 6 Core AMD Phenom(tm) II X6 1055T Processor * 16 Gigabyte Ram 2x 1.5 TB Seagate ST1500DL003-9VT16L via SATA 3 via SoftwareRaid (i suppose) Services: (due to service --status-all, those with [ + ]) nginx Webserver 1.0.14 mySQL 5.1.63 Server Ruby on Rails 2.3.11 ( passenger-nginx-module ) php5-fpm 5.3.6-13ubuntu3.7 SSH ido2db Further services: default crontab + nightly backup. syslog-ng Website consists of 2 subdomains, forum. and www. where forum is a phpBB3.x PHP-Board, and www a Ruby on Rails 2.3.11 application (portal). Mini-Note: sometimes i notice that the forum is pretty slow, in contrast to the always-fast (except for this "freeze") portal. Both share the same Database, but the portal is using it read-only. The Webserver is nginx, using phusion passenger module to communicate with the ruby-application. Also, for the forum it communicates with php5-fpm via socket: relevant nginx configuration parts ( with comments/questions starting by ; ) ; in case of freeze due to too high Filesystem activity, maybe adding a limit? #worker_rlimit_nofile 50000; user www-data; ; 6 cores, so i read 6 fits. maybe already wrong? worker_processes 6; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { passenger_root /var/lib/gems/1.8/gems/passenger-3.0.11; passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby1.8; ; the forum once featured a chat, which was working w/o websockets. ; so it was a hell of pull requests (deactivated now, freeze still happening) keepalive_timeout 65; keepalive_requests 50; gzip on; server { listen 80; server_name www.domain.tld; root /var/www/domain/rails/public; passenger_enabled on; } server { listen 80; server_name forum.domain.tld; location / { root /var/www/domain/forum; index index.php; } ; satic stuff to be handled by nginx location ~* ^/style/.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|xml)$ { access_log off; expires 30d; root /var/www/domain/forum/; } ; now the php magic, note the "backend"-fcgi_pass location ~ .php$ { fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$; fastcgi_pass backend; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/domain/forum$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; fastcgi_ignore_client_abort off; fastcgi_connect_timeout 60; fastcgi_send_timeout 180; fastcgi_read_timeout 180; fastcgi_buffer_size 128k; fastcgi_buffers 256 16k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k; fastcgi_max_temp_file_size 0; } location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } ;the php5-fpm socket. i read that /dev/shm/ whould be the fastes place for this. bad idea in general? upstream backend { server unix:/dev/shm/phpfpm; } ... } php5-fpm settings (i changed this values due to php5-fpm error log messages higher and higher.. (freeze-problem was there before as well)* listen = /dev/shm/phpfpm user = www-data group = www-data pm = dynamic ; holy, 4000! well, shinking this value to earth-level gave me ; 100s of 502 bad gateway commands. this values were quite stable. ; since there are only max 520 users online i dont get it, why i would need ; as many children as configured here. due to keep-alive maybe? ; asking questions is easier for me since restarting server will make ; my community-members angry ;) pm.max_children = 4000 pm.start_servers = 100 pm.min_spare_servers = 50 pm.max_spare_servers = 150 pm.max_requests = 10 pm.status_path = /status ping.path = /ping ping.response = pong slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow ;should i use rlimit? ;rlimit_files = 1024 chdir = / mysql/my.cnf [client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] user = mysql socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp skip-external-locking bind-address = 127.0.0.1 key_buffer = 16M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_stack = 192K thread_cache_size = 8 myisam-recover = BACKUP ; high number, but less gives some phpBB errors. max_connections = 450 table_cache = 512 ; i read twice the cpu cores, bad? thread_concurrency = 12 join_buffer_size = 2084K concurrent_insert = 3 query_cache_limit = 64M query_cache_size = 512M query_cache_type = 1 log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log long_query_time = 2 expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M low_priority_updates=1 [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M [isamchk] key_buffer = 16M !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ I used smartctl already, hdds seem to be fine. /proc/mdstatus quotes: Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md3 : active raid1 sda3[1] 1459264192 blocks [2/1] [_U] md1 : active raid1 sda1[0] 3911680 blocks [2/1] [U_] unused devices: ulimit -a core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 127727 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 1024 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192 cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 127727 virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited file locks (-x) unlimited I quote some questions in my configuration files, these are not (intentional) directly problem-related, but would be nice for me to know wether they are indeed questionable or done right. One additional Fact: my MYSQL-database is at 12GB size. i dont know if that does matter, but mytop sometimes shows me 4-5 seconds long insert queries, some are 20-30 seconds long. Its just a feeling that i am unable to prove (because i dont know how), but when i disable the database, the freeze seems not to happen. Example: i created a dummy rails application to see the development log. the app made some sql-queries, reads and inserts. the log quite often was like: DbTest Load (0.3ms) SELECT * FROM `db_test` WHERE (`db_test`.`id` = 31722) LIMIT 1 SQL (0.1ms) BEGIN DbTest Update (0.3ms) UPDATE `db_test` SET `updated_at` = '2012-07-04 23:32:34' WHERE `id` = 31722 - now the log stands still for 5-60 seconds. SQL (49.1ms) COMMIT - SQL-Update time in the log does not include freeze time Rendering test/index Completed in 96ms (View: 16, DB: 59) | 200 OK [http://localhost:9000/test] Bad part is: this mini-freeze here only happens from time to time as well. note: meanwhile i cannot even upload files via scp. I currently feel like running form bad to worse and back by googling for my server-problem due to immense lack of knowledge regarding server configurations. It still makes me wonder, why those problems even appear, since 250 users a time is not such a high amount, right? So my questions: whats wrong and how to fix? ;) or: what information can i provide to make the situation more clear? can you point at some critical bad configuration-line which i should consider to catch up in the documentation? are there any tools i can run to see some possible bottlenecks? any further advice? (next to: "pay someone who knows what he does" - its a private project, server costs enough already. :)) Thanks for your time and help. Best Regards, Daniel P.S.: i renamed the configfiles to domain.tld since i dont want to have any % more load to the server until its fixed. might be a exaggeratedly thought.. P.P.S: if i asked a complete duplicate question, sorry. my search results seemed to be quite specific in their own way.

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• Postgres 9.0 locking up, 100% CPU

  - by Jake

  We are having a problem where our Postgres 9.0 server occasionally locks up and kills our webapp. Restarting Postgres fixes the problem. Here's what I've been able to observe: First, usage of one CPU jumps to 100% for a few minutes Disk operations drop to ~0 during this time Database operations drop to 0 (blocks and tuples per sec) Logs show during this time: WARNING: worker took too long to start; cancelled WARNING: worker took too long to start; cancelled No Queries in logs (only those over 200ms are logged) No unusually long-running queries logged before or during Then the second CPU jumps to 100% The number of postgres processes jumps from the usual 8-10 to ~20 Matched by a spike in Postgres Blocks per second (about twice normal) Logs show LOG: could not accept SSL connection: EOF detected Queries are running but slow Restarting postgres returns everything to normal Setup: Server: Amazon EC2 Large Ubuntu 10.04.2 LTS Postgres 9.0.3 Dedicated DB server Does anyone have any idea what's causing this? Or any suggestions about what else I should be checking out?

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• How to point a Wordpress registered domain to github pages?

  - by Dave Castillo

  I'm trying to use a CNAME file in my git hub project to point to my wordpress registered domain name. E.g. example.com to point to myusername.github.com. I read Github-Setting up a custom domain and it tells me to point the domain to their servers: For a TLD like example.com, you should use an A record pointing to 204.232.175.78: But in the wordpress domain manager I only get the option to specify a nameserver like this: NS1.WORDPRESS.COM NS2.WORDPRESS.COM Inputting 204.232.175.78 in the wordpress manager give me an "invalid TLD." What am I doing wrong and how can I troubleshoot this issue?

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• New host, high load?

  - by dotancohen

  A few minutes ago I signed up at a new webhost. I have yet to move my sites over. Upon initial SSH connection, I checked the load and memory usage, they do seem rather higher than I would like: # uptime 12:06:51 up 71 days, 23:23, 1 user, load average: 9.02, 9.49, 9.45 # free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 33014800 31927192 1087608 0 2384812 17729816 -/+ buffers/cache: 11812564 21202236 Swap: 16787916 8584 16779332 Is that a bit to packed? I'm only paying about $5 USD per month, so I don't expect <0.1 loads, but ~10 is worrisome. Is it not? Also, there is no /etc/issue file so I tried other methods to guess the OS: # uname -a Linux box358.bluehost.com 2.6.32-20120131.55.1.bh6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jan 31 15:43:27 EST 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux # which yum /usr/bin/yum # which apt-get # That looks like CentOS / RHEL 6.2 possibly?

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• Ideas for SVN/SQL/PHP/Linux Dev Enviroment Supporting Multiple Isolated Environments?

  - by jpganz18

  I am trying to create a "dev" for my users. In that environment they would access to their own account of PHPMyAdmin, SQL, Subversion and FTP which is not a big problem, but I would like to emulate like if each one would be in their own server. I mean so that they could change the PHP configuration (for example) and would be done only in its own environment. Any idea how to do this? Do I have to make something "special" at the installations of my server or something like that?

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