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  • Stack Overflow Exploit in C

    - by Fernando Gonzalez
    Hey there guys, the question is actually about stack overflows in C. I have an assigment that I can not get done for the life of me, i've looked at everything in the gdb and I just cant figure it. The question is the following: int i,n; void confused() { printf("who called me"); exit(0); } void shell_call(char *c) { printf(" ***Now calling \"%s\" shell command *** \n",c); system(c); exit(0); } void victim_func() { int a[4]; printf("[8]:%x\n", &a[8]); printf("Enter n: "); scanf("%d",&n); printf("Enter %d HEX Values \n",n); for(i=0;i<n;i++) scanf("%x",&a[i]); printf("Done reading junk numbers\n"); } int main() { printf("ls=736c --- ps = 7370 --- cal = 6c6163\n"); printf("location of confused %x \n", confused); printf("location of shell_call %x \n", shell_call); victim_func(); printf("Done, thank you\n"); } Ok, so I managed to get the first question correctly, which is to arbitrarily call one of the two functions not explicitly called in the main path. By the way, this has to be done while running the program without any modifications. I did this by running the program, setting N to 7, which gets me to the Function Pointer of the victim_func frame, I write a[7] with the memory address of confused or shell_call, and it works. (I have a 64 bit machine, thats why I have to get it to 7, since the EBI pointer is 2 ints wide, instead of 1) My question is the following, how could I control which argument gets passed to the shell_code funcion? ie. how do i write a string to char* c. The whole point is executing unix commands like "ps" etc, by running only the program. I figured writing the EBI pointer with the hex representation of "ps" and setting the arg list of shell_call to that, but that didn't work. I also tried inputing argsv arguments and setting the arg list of shell_call to the arg_list of main, but didnt work either. I think the second version should work, but i believe im not setting the arg list of the new stack frame correctly ( I did it by writing a[8] to 0, since its the first part of the functin pointer, and writing a[9]=736c and a[10]=0000, but its probably not right since those are the parameters of victim_func. So how do i access the parameters of shell_call?

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  • Our Server Rooted but exploit doesnt work?

    - by Salina Odelva
    Hi everyone. My friend's hosting server got rooted and we have traced some of attacker's commands.. We've found some exploits under /tmp/.idc directory.. We've disconnected the server and are now testing some local kernel exploits that the attacker tried on our server. Here is our kernel version: 2.4.21-4.ELsmp #1 SMP We think that he got root access by the modified uselib() local root exploit but the exploit doesn't work! loki@danaria {/tmp}# ./mail -l ./lib [+] SLAB cleanup child 1 VMAs 32768 The exploit hangs like this.. I've waited over 5 minutes but nothing has happened. I've also tried other exploits but they didn't work.. Any ideas? or experimentations with this exploit? Because we need to find the issue and patch our kernel but we can't understand how he used this exploit to get root... Thanks

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  • How Do I Secure WordPress Blogs Against Elemento_pcx Exploit?

    - by Volomike
    I have a client who has several WordPress 2.9.2 blogs that he hosts. They are getting a deface kind of hack with the Elemento_pcx exploit somehow. It drops these files in the root folder of the blog: -rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx 1459 Apr 16 04:25 default.htm -rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx 1459 Apr 16 04:25 default.php -rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx 1459 Apr 16 04:25 index.asp -rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx 1459 Apr 16 04:25 index.aspx -rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx 1459 Apr 16 04:25 index.htm -rw-r--r-- 1 userx userx 1459 Apr 16 04:25 index.html -rwxr-xr-x 1 userx userx 1459 Apr 16 04:25 index.php* It overwrites index.php. A keyword inside each file is "Elemento_pcx". It shows a white fist with a black background and the phrase "HACKED" in bold letters above it. We cannot determine how it gets in to do what it does. The wp-admin password isn't hard, but it's also not very easy either. I'll change it up a little to show you what the password sort of looks like: wviking10. Do you think it's using an engine to crack the password? If so, how come our server logs aren't flooded with wp-admin requests as it runs down a random password list? The wp-content folder has no changes inside it, but is run as chmod 777 because wp-cache required it. Also, the wp-content/cache folder is run as chmod 777 too.

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  • Is Firefox less vulnerable to exploit when running NoScript?

    - by PP
    The article titled "iPhone, IE, Firefox, Safari get stomped at hacker contest" at The Register website discusses that Firefox can be exploited. I wonder if NoScript protects against the kind of exploits written about; or whether the browser can be exploited regardless of having the extension loaded. Any opinions? Might make this a community wiki given that it's not simple problem/solution post.

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  • XSS exploit when JavaScript is disabled

    - by snaken
    I'm getting pretty frustrated trying to make McAffee whitelist a supposed exploit on a site i work on. The issue is that their automated system has detected a supposed XSS exploit but the exploit only exists when JavaScript is disabled. Given the fact that you need JavaScript to be disabled for the exploit to exist then surely this means this is not an exploit. Can anyone think of any possible arguments to the contrary? Update - To add more detail: The problem comes from in one place unsanitized URL content is written to an anchor tag href.So, with JS disabled you could have something like this: <a href="foor.php?"><script>alert('foo')</script>#someanchor" .. When JavaScript is enabled this href is updated to be this (on dom ready): <a href="javascript:;">link</a> So, with JS enabled the link is no longer injected, with JS disabled the alert would no longer execute.

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  • How to write a buffer-overflow exploit in windows XP,x86?

    - by Mask
    void function(int a, int b, int c) { char buffer1[5]; char buffer2[10]; int *ret; ret = buffer1 + 12; (*ret) += 8;//why is it 8?? } void main() { int x; x = 0; function(1,2,3); x = 1; printf("%d\n",x); } The above demo is from here: http://insecure.org/stf/smashstack.html But it's not working here: D:\test>gcc -Wall -Wextra hw.cpp && a.exe hw.cpp: In function `void function(int, int, int)': hw.cpp:6: warning: unused variable 'buffer2' hw.cpp: At global scope: hw.cpp:4: warning: unused parameter 'a' hw.cpp:4: warning: unused parameter 'b' hw.cpp:4: warning: unused parameter 'c' 1 And I don't understand why it's 8 though the author thinks: A little math tells us the distance is 8 bytes. My gdb dump as called: Dump of assembler code for function main: 0x004012ee <main+0>: push %ebp 0x004012ef <main+1>: mov %esp,%ebp 0x004012f1 <main+3>: sub $0x18,%esp 0x004012f4 <main+6>: and $0xfffffff0,%esp 0x004012f7 <main+9>: mov $0x0,%eax 0x004012fc <main+14>: add $0xf,%eax 0x004012ff <main+17>: add $0xf,%eax 0x00401302 <main+20>: shr $0x4,%eax 0x00401305 <main+23>: shl $0x4,%eax 0x00401308 <main+26>: mov %eax,0xfffffff8(%ebp) 0x0040130b <main+29>: mov 0xfffffff8(%ebp),%eax 0x0040130e <main+32>: call 0x401b00 <_alloca> 0x00401313 <main+37>: call 0x4017b0 <__main> 0x00401318 <main+42>: movl $0x0,0xfffffffc(%ebp) 0x0040131f <main+49>: movl $0x3,0x8(%esp) 0x00401327 <main+57>: movl $0x2,0x4(%esp) 0x0040132f <main+65>: movl $0x1,(%esp) 0x00401336 <main+72>: call 0x4012d0 <function> 0x0040133b <main+77>: movl $0x1,0xfffffffc(%ebp) 0x00401342 <main+84>: mov 0xfffffffc(%ebp),%eax 0x00401345 <main+87>: mov %eax,0x4(%esp) 0x00401349 <main+91>: movl $0x403000,(%esp) 0x00401350 <main+98>: call 0x401b60 <printf> 0x00401355 <main+103>: leave 0x00401356 <main+104>: ret 0x00401357 <main+105>: nop 0x00401358 <main+106>: add %al,(%eax) 0x0040135a <main+108>: add %al,(%eax) 0x0040135c <main+110>: add %al,(%eax) 0x0040135e <main+112>: add %al,(%eax) End of assembler dump. Dump of assembler code for function function: 0x004012d0 <function+0>: push %ebp 0x004012d1 <function+1>: mov %esp,%ebp 0x004012d3 <function+3>: sub $0x38,%esp 0x004012d6 <function+6>: lea 0xffffffe8(%ebp),%eax 0x004012d9 <function+9>: add $0xc,%eax 0x004012dc <function+12>: mov %eax,0xffffffd4(%ebp) 0x004012df <function+15>: mov 0xffffffd4(%ebp),%edx 0x004012e2 <function+18>: mov 0xffffffd4(%ebp),%eax 0x004012e5 <function+21>: movzbl (%eax),%eax 0x004012e8 <function+24>: add $0x5,%al 0x004012ea <function+26>: mov %al,(%edx) 0x004012ec <function+28>: leave 0x004012ed <function+29>: ret In my case the distance should be - = 5,right?But it seems not working..

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  • How to write a buffer-overflow exploit in GCC,windows XP,x86?

    - by Mask
    void function(int a, int b, int c) { char buffer1[5]; char buffer2[10]; int *ret; ret = buffer1 + 12; (*ret) += 8;//why is it 8?? } void main() { int x; x = 0; function(1,2,3); x = 1; printf("%d\n",x); } The above demo is from here: http://insecure.org/stf/smashstack.html But it's not working here: D:\test>gcc -Wall -Wextra hw.cpp && a.exe hw.cpp: In function `void function(int, int, int)': hw.cpp:6: warning: unused variable 'buffer2' hw.cpp: At global scope: hw.cpp:4: warning: unused parameter 'a' hw.cpp:4: warning: unused parameter 'b' hw.cpp:4: warning: unused parameter 'c' 1 And I don't understand why it's 8 though the author thinks: A little math tells us the distance is 8 bytes. My gdb dump as called: Dump of assembler code for function main: 0x004012ee <main+0>: push %ebp 0x004012ef <main+1>: mov %esp,%ebp 0x004012f1 <main+3>: sub $0x18,%esp 0x004012f4 <main+6>: and $0xfffffff0,%esp 0x004012f7 <main+9>: mov $0x0,%eax 0x004012fc <main+14>: add $0xf,%eax 0x004012ff <main+17>: add $0xf,%eax 0x00401302 <main+20>: shr $0x4,%eax 0x00401305 <main+23>: shl $0x4,%eax 0x00401308 <main+26>: mov %eax,0xfffffff8(%ebp) 0x0040130b <main+29>: mov 0xfffffff8(%ebp),%eax 0x0040130e <main+32>: call 0x401b00 <_alloca> 0x00401313 <main+37>: call 0x4017b0 <__main> 0x00401318 <main+42>: movl $0x0,0xfffffffc(%ebp) 0x0040131f <main+49>: movl $0x3,0x8(%esp) 0x00401327 <main+57>: movl $0x2,0x4(%esp) 0x0040132f <main+65>: movl $0x1,(%esp) 0x00401336 <main+72>: call 0x4012d0 <function> 0x0040133b <main+77>: movl $0x1,0xfffffffc(%ebp) 0x00401342 <main+84>: mov 0xfffffffc(%ebp),%eax 0x00401345 <main+87>: mov %eax,0x4(%esp) 0x00401349 <main+91>: movl $0x403000,(%esp) 0x00401350 <main+98>: call 0x401b60 <printf> 0x00401355 <main+103>: leave 0x00401356 <main+104>: ret 0x00401357 <main+105>: nop 0x00401358 <main+106>: add %al,(%eax) 0x0040135a <main+108>: add %al,(%eax) 0x0040135c <main+110>: add %al,(%eax) 0x0040135e <main+112>: add %al,(%eax) End of assembler dump. Dump of assembler code for function function: 0x004012d0 <function+0>: push %ebp 0x004012d1 <function+1>: mov %esp,%ebp 0x004012d3 <function+3>: sub $0x38,%esp 0x004012d6 <function+6>: lea 0xffffffe8(%ebp),%eax 0x004012d9 <function+9>: add $0xc,%eax 0x004012dc <function+12>: mov %eax,0xffffffd4(%ebp) 0x004012df <function+15>: mov 0xffffffd4(%ebp),%edx 0x004012e2 <function+18>: mov 0xffffffd4(%ebp),%eax 0x004012e5 <function+21>: movzbl (%eax),%eax 0x004012e8 <function+24>: add $0x5,%al 0x004012ea <function+26>: mov %al,(%edx) 0x004012ec <function+28>: leave 0x004012ed <function+29>: ret In my case the distance should be - = 5,right?But it seems not working.. Why function needs 56 bytes for local variables?( sub $0x38,%esp )

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  • how to exploit vulnerability in php

    - by Dr Deo
    i have never seen a buffer overflow exploit in live action. supporse I have found a server that seems to have vulnerabilities. Where can i get proof of the concept code preferably in c/c++ to exploit the vulnerability? eg i found this vulnerability Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in functions such as 'posix_access()', 'chdir()', 'ftok()' may allow a remote attacker to bypass 'safe_mode' restrictions. (CVE-2008-2665 and CVE-2008-2666). How can i get proof of concept code for educational purposes PS I am a student and my only desire is to learn

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  • how to exploit vulnerability of php?

    - by Dr Deo
    i have never seen a buffer overflow exploit in live action. supporse I have found a server that seems to have vulnerabilities. Where can i get proof of the concept code preferably in c/c++ to exploit the vulnerability? eg i found this vulnerability Multiple directory traversal vulnerabilities in functions such as 'posix_access()', 'chdir()', 'ftok()' may allow a remote attacker to bypass 'safe_mode' restrictions. (CVE-2008-2665 and CVE-2008-2666). How can i get proof of concept code for educational purposes PS I am a student and my only desire is to learn

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  • BEAST (Browser Exploit Against SSL/TLS) Vulnerability on Port 25 for Postfix

    - by Abdul Haseeb
    I am failing a PCI Compliant scan. I have successfully used RC4 ciphers for Apache setup but my Postfix configuration is still not fixed. What TLS configuration should i use in my main.cf file. my current configuration is as follows # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes tls_preempt_cipherlist = yes smtpd_tls_protocols = !SSLv2 smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = !SSLv2, SSLv3 smtpd_tls_cipherlist = RC4-SHA:+TLSv1:!SSLv2:+SSLv3:!aNULL:!NULL smtp_tls_cipherlist = RC4-SHA:+TLSv1:!SSLv2:+SSLv3:!aNULL:!NULL smtpd_tls_security_level = encrypt

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  • Finding proof of server being compromised by Black Hole Toolkit exploit

    - by cosmicsafari
    I recently took over maintenance of a company server. (Just Host, C Panel, Linux server), theres a tonne of websites on it which i know nothing about. It had came to my attention that a client had attempted to access one of the websites hosted on this server and was met with a warning from windows defender. It had blocked access because it said the website had been compromised by the Black Hole Toolkit or something to that effect. Anyway I went in and updated various plugins and deleted some old suspect websites. I have since ran the website in question through a few online malware scanners and its comes up clean everytime. However im not convinced. Do any of you guys know extensive ways i can check that the server isn't still compromised. I have no way to install any malware scanners or anti virus programs on the server as it is horribly locked down by Just Host.

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  • PHP Zend Hash Vulnerability Exploitation Vector [closed]

    - by Resurrected Laplacian
    Possible Duplicate: CVE-2007-5416 PHP Zend Hash Vulnerability Exploitation Vector (Drupal) According to exploit-db, http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4510/, it says the following: Example: http://www.example.com/drupal/?_menu[callbacks][1][callback]=drupal_eval&_menu[items][][type]=-1&-312030023=1&q=1/ What are "[callbacks]","[1]" and all these stuffs? What should I put in to these stuffs? Can anyone present a real possible example? I wasn't asking for a real website; I was asking for a possible example! So, how would address be like - what should I put in to these stuffs, as the question says..

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  • Scanning website for vulnerablities

    - by Kristen
    I have found that the local school's website installed a Perl Calendar - this was years ago, it has not been used for ages, but Google has it indexed (which is how I found it) and it full of Viagra links and the like ... program was by Matt Kruse, here is details of the exploit: http://www.securiteam.com/exploits/5IP040A1QI.html I've got the school to remove that, but I think they also have MySQL installed and I'm aware that out-of-the-box there have been some exploits of Admin Tools / Login in old versions. For all I know they also have PHPBB and the like installed ... The school is just using some cheap, shared hosting; the HTTP response header I get is: Apache/1.3.29 (Unix) (Red-Hat/Linux) Chili!Soft-ASP/3.6.2 mod_ssl/2.8.14 OpenSSL/0.9.6b PHP/4.4.9 FrontPage/5.0.2.2510 I'm looking for some means of checking if they have other junk installed (quite possibly from way back, and now unused) that might put the site at risk. I'm more interested in something that can scan for things like the MySQL Admin exploit rather than open ports etc. My guess is that they have little control over the hosting space that they have - but I'm a Windows DEV, so this *nix stuff is all Greek to me. I found http://www.beyondsecurity.com/ which looks like it might do what I want (within their evaluation :) ) but I have a worry about how to find out if they are well known / honest - otherwise I will be tipping them a wink with a Domain Name that may be at risk! Many thanks.

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  • CentOS Vulnerabilities - Exploits/Payloads

    - by Joao Heleno
    Greetings. I'm doing an academic work where I have to find vulnerabilities in CentOS and show how to take advantage of those same vulnerabilities. I'm no hacker and I'm finding this task to be of great difficulty, that is, I see all the security alerts and their descriptions but no explanation of how to take advantage. Maybe I'm being a little naive but all I want to know is if there is any tool I can use to show that CentOS 5.0 vulnerability XPTO exists and to show it "working". If possible something like CVE-2007-0001 exploit tool, CVE-2007-0002 payload and so on. Thanks.

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  • Where can I learn various hacking techniques on the web?

    - by Carson Myers
    I would like to try my hand at hacking -- that is, exploiting various website vulnerabilities. Not for any illegal purpose mind you, but so I can have a better understanding and appreciation of these exploits while writing my own web software. I seem to recall that there was a community that hosted a bunch of demo websites, and you had to find and exploit certain vulnerabilities with each one. I can't remember what it is called but this is the sort of thing I am looking for -- I have read a tonne of little XSS and CSRF examples but have yet to find a real-life hands-on example of one. Does anyone know of such a place, where I can be given an example page and look for security holes? I would really rather not try this with actual websites, I don't want to break any laws.

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  • Samba - Is my server vulnerable to CVE-2008-1105?

    - by Joao Heleno
    Hi! I have a CentOS server that is running Samba and I want to verify the vulnerability addressed by CVE-2008-1105. What scenarios can I build in order to run the exploit that is mentioned in http://secunia.com/advisories/cve_reference/CVE-2008-1105/? http://secunia.com/secunia_research/2008-20/advisory/ says that "Successful exploitation allows execution of arbitrary code by tricking a user into connecting to a malicious server (e.g. by clicking an "smb://" link) or by sending specially crafted packets to an "nmbd" server configured as a local or domain master browser." More info: http://www.samba.org/samba/security/CVE-2008-1105.html http://secunia.com/secunia_research/2008-20/advisory/

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