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  • FOX toolkit, file concatentation

    - by Robb
    I'm using the FOX Toolkit and C++ to develop a GUI. I'm Having an issue with the FXFile::concat(...) command. The method looks like: FXFile::concat(const FXString & srcfile1, const FXString & srcfile2, const FXString & dstfile, FXbool overwrite = false And when I call it with the srcfile1 and dstfile being the same thing (because I need to simply add to srcfile1), the method does not work. dstfile is empty. Anyone have experience with FOX and this concatentation problem? I'm open to other suggestions as well, including boost.

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  • FoxTales: Behind the Scenes at Fox Software by Kerry Nietz

    Flash backs from the past! It's truly amazing to discover that software development from freshman to senior level as well as project management hasn't changed that much. Kerry Nietz describes his memoir from his final year at college to his first job at Fox Software to 'an early retirement' at Microsoft. This title also brought his other fictional novels to my attention. Once again here is the review I published on Amazon: Built to last! I have been around in software development for more than a decade now but honestly I have to admit it is only now that I took the opportunity to read about the history of my used to be primary programming language. In fact, I started with Visual FoxPro 6 back in 1999 and went only down to FoxPro for Windows 2.6 during migration projects - long after the stories described in this title. It is really interesting to see how they actually managed to create a great product with such a small team of developers. "Create the best Report Writer in the world, out of only sawdust, bubblegum, and dreams." - That's the best sentence I'm going to quote from this title in the future. An inspiration to achieve the impossible, only by taking small steps. Just begin the journey - one step after the next one. If you fall, stand up and continue to walk. Kerry takes the reader on an amazing trip through almost 4 years working at a small software company in Perrysburg, Ohio. That went from a another 'look-alike' of the mighty Ashton-Tate dBase to the leading force in database development, long before Microsoft Access (project name: Cirrus) was even finished. It survived Borland Paradox and even nowadays Visual FoxPro is still in daily use in thousands of companies world-wide. Actually, I'm glad that I had the chance to foster my programming knowledge with Visual FoxPro. After his excellent work in software development, Kerry went for a second career as a writer. I'm looking forward to read his other titles soon:

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  • migrate method Rand(int) Visual Fox Pro to C#.net

    - by ch2o
    I'm migrating a Visual Fox Pro code to C #. NET What makes the Visual Fox Pro: generates a string of 5 digits ("48963") based on a text string (captured in a textbox), if you always enter the same text string will get that string always 5 digits (no reverse), my code in C #. NET should generate the same string. I want to migrate the following code (Visual Fox Pro 6 to C#) gnLower = 1000 gnUpper = 100000 vcad = 1 For y=gnLower to gnUpper step 52 genClave = **Rand(vcad)** * y vRound = allt(str(int(genclave))) IF Len(vRound) = 3 vDec = Right(allt(str(genClave,10,2)), 2) finClave = vRound+vDec Thisform.txtPass.value = Rand(971); Exit Endif Next y outputs: vcad = 1 return: 99905 vcad = 2 return: 10077 vcad = thanks return: 17200 thks!

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  • Fox Pro Database File Locked by Shadow Copy?

    - by leeand00
    I'm using Process Explorer to determine what process has a lock on a particular Fox Pro Database file in windows. It's telling me that System has a lock on it. When I go to kill the "System" process (which if you ask me doesn't sound like a very good idea), it asks me if I'm sure I want to kill the System process. I haven't answered yes yet. It's a company server, and I'm thinking that maybe my only option is to tell everybody to get off of it and reboot. Do I have any other options?

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  • Fire Fox 3.6 - location.href not working in JSP

    - by user299873
    I have jsp page with method = POST and action='/mydir/mypage/nextpage' I have a button : < button title='Continue' onclick="this.form.perform.value='cancelButton'; javascript:doCloseWindow();" Continue < /button and java script method like: function doCloseWindow(){ location.href = "https://abc.xyz.com/mydir/?param=123"; } It does not work in fire fox 3.6. On click of button; it redirects to the path I mentioned in form action. With Tamper data I find that the request goes to URL ( as in method ) with GET and then it re-directs to form's action URL. I added return false in the method call also.-- javascript:doCloseWindow();return false" I tired various combination like window.location.href = "https://abc.xyz.com/mydir/?param=123"; window.document.location.href = "https://abc.xyz.com/mydir/?param=123"; document.location.href = "https://abc.xyz.com/mydir/?param=123"; But no success.

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  • Adding objects to the environment at timed intervals

    - by david
    I am using an ArrayList to handle objects and at each interval of 120 frames, I am adding a new object of the same type at a random location along the z-axis of 60. The problem is, it doesn't add just 1. It depends on how many are in the list. If I kill the Fox before the time interval when one is supposed to spawn comes, then no Fox will be spawned. If I don't kill any foxes, it grows exponentially. I only want one Fox to be added every 120 frames. This problem never happened before when I created new ones and added them to the environment. Any insights? Here is my code: /**** FOX CLASS ****/ import env3d.EnvObject; import java.util.ArrayList; public class Fox extends Creature { private int frame = 0; public Fox(double x, double y, double z) { super(x, y, z); // Must use the mutator as the fields have private access // in the parent class setTexture("models/fox/fox.png"); setModel("models/fox/fox.obj"); setScale(1.4); } public void move(ArrayList<Creature> creatures, ArrayList<Creature> dead_creatures, ArrayList<Creature> new_creatures) { frame++; setX(getX()-0.2); setRotateY(270); if (frame > 120) { Fox f = new Fox(60, 1, (int)(Math.random()*28)+1); new_creatures.add(f); frame = 0; } for (Creature c : creatures) { if (this.distance(c) < this.getScale()+c.getScale() && c instanceof Tux) { dead_creatures.add(c); } } for (Creature c : creatures) { if (c.getX() < 1 && c instanceof Fox) { dead_creatures.add(c); } } } } import env3d.Env; import java.util.ArrayList; import org.lwjgl.input.Keyboard; /** * A predator and prey simulation. Fox is the predator and Tux is the prey. */ public class Game { private Env env; private boolean finished; private ArrayList<Creature> creatures; private KingTux king; private Snowball ball; private int tuxcounter; private int kills; /** * Constructor for the Game class. It sets up the foxes and tuxes. */ public Game() { // we use a separate ArrayList to keep track of each animal. // our room is 50 x 50. creatures = new ArrayList<Creature>(); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { creatures.add(new Tux((int)(Math.random()*10)+1, 1, (int)(Math.random()*28)+1)); } for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++) { creatures.add(new Fox(60, 1, (int)(Math.random()*28)+1)); } king = new KingTux(25, 1, 35); ball = new Snowball(-400, -400, -400); } /** * Play the game */ public void play() { finished = false; // Create the new environment. Must be done in the same // method as the game loop env = new Env(); // Make the room 50 x 50. env.setRoom(new Room()); // Add all the animals into to the environment for display for (Creature c : creatures) { env.addObject(c); } for (Creature c : creatures) { if (c instanceof Tux) { tuxcounter++; } } env.addObject(king); env.addObject(ball); // Sets up the camera env.setCameraXYZ(30, 50, 55); env.setCameraPitch(-63); // Turn off the default controls env.setDefaultControl(false); // A list to keep track of dead tuxes. ArrayList<Creature> dead_creatures = new ArrayList<Creature>(); ArrayList<Creature> new_creatures = new ArrayList<Creature>(); // The main game loop while (!finished) { if (env.getKey() == 1 || tuxcounter == 0) { finished = true; } env.setDisplayStr("Tuxes: " + tuxcounter, 15, 0); env.setDisplayStr("Kills: " + kills, 140, 0); processInput(); ball.move(); king.check(); // Move each fox and tux. for (Creature c : creatures) { c.move(creatures, dead_creatures, new_creatures); } for (Creature c : creatures) { if (c.distance(ball) < c.getScale()+ball.getScale() && c instanceof Fox) { dead_creatures.add(c); ball.setX(-400); ball.setY(-400); ball.setZ(-400); kills++; } } // Clean up of the dead tuxes. for (Creature c : dead_creatures) { if (c instanceof Tux) { tuxcounter--; } env.removeObject(c); creatures.remove(c); } for (Creature c : new_creatures) { creatures.add(c); env.addObject(c); } // we clear the ArrayList for the next loop. We could create a new one // every loop but that would be very inefficient. dead_creatures.clear(); new_creatures.clear(); // Update display env.advanceOneFrame(); } // Just a little clean up env.exit(); } private void processInput() { int keyDown = env.getKeyDown(); int key = env.getKey(); if (keyDown == 203) { king.setX(king.getX()-1); } else if (keyDown == 205) { king.setX(king.getX()+1); } if (ball.getX() <= -400 && key == Keyboard.KEY_S) { ball.setX(king.getX()); ball.setY(king.getY()); ball.setZ(king.getZ()); } } /** * Main method to launch the program. */ public static void main(String args[]) { (new Game()).play(); } } /**** CREATURE CLASS ****/ /* (Parent class to Tux, Fox, and KingTux) */ import env3d.EnvObject; import java.util.ArrayList; abstract public class Creature extends EnvObject { private int frame; private double rand; /** * Constructor for objects of class Creature */ public Creature(double x, double y, double z) { setX(x); setY(y); setZ(z); setScale(1); rand = Math.random(); } private void randomGenerator() { rand = Math.random(); } public void move(ArrayList<Creature> creatures, ArrayList<Creature> dead_creatures, ArrayList<Creature> new_creatures) { frame++; if (frame > 12) { randomGenerator(); frame = 0; } // if (rand < 0.25) { // setX(getX()+0.3); // setRotateY(90); // } else if (rand < 0.5) { // setX(getX()-0.3); // setRotateY(270); // } else if (rand < 0.75) { // setZ(getZ()+0.3); // setRotateY(0); // } else if (rand < 1) { // setZ(getZ()-0.3); // setRotateY(180); // } if (rand < 0.5) { setRotateY(getRotateY()-7); } else if (rand < 1) { setRotateY(getRotateY()+7); } setX(getX()+Math.sin(Math.toRadians(getRotateY()))*0.5); setZ(getZ()+Math.cos(Math.toRadians(getRotateY()))*0.5); if (getX() < getScale()) setX(getScale()); if (getX() > 50-getScale()) setX(50 - getScale()); if (getZ() < getScale()) setZ(getScale()); if (getZ() > 50-getScale()) setZ(50 - getScale()); // The move method now handles collision detection if (this instanceof Fox) { for (Creature c : creatures) { if (c.distance(this) < c.getScale()+this.getScale() && c instanceof Tux) { dead_creatures.add(c); } } } } } The rest of the classes are a bit trivial to this specific problem.

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  • Partial view links not working in Fire Fox

    - by user329540
    I have a MVC4 asp.net application, I have two layouts a main layout for the main page and a second layout for the nested pages. The problem I have is with the second layout, on this layout I call a partial view which has my navigation links. In IE the navigation menu displays fine and when each item is clicked it navigates as expected. However in FF when the page renders the navigation bar is displayed but it has no 'click functionality' if you will its as if its simply text. My layout of nested page: <header> <img src="../../Images/fronttop.png" id="nestedPageheader" alt="Background Img"/> <div class="content-wrapper"> <section > <nav> <div id="navcontainer"> </div> </nav> </section> <div> </header> The script to retreive partial view and information for dynamic links on layout page. <script type="text/javascript"> var menuLoaded = false; $(document).ready(function () { if($('#navcontainer')[0].innerHTML.trim() == "") { $.ajax({ url: "@Url.Content("~/Home/MenuLayout")", type: "GET", success: function (response, status, xhr) { var nvContainer = $('#navcontainer'); nvContainer.html(response); menuLoaded = true; }, error: function (XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) { var nvContainer = $('#navcontainer'); nvContainer.html(errorThrown); } }); } }); </script> May partial view: @model Mscl.OpCost.Web.Models.stuffmodel <div class="menu"> <ul> <li><a>@Html.ActionLink("Home", "Index", "Home")</a></li> <li><a>@Html.ActionLink("some stuff", "stuffs", "stuff")</a></li> <li> <h5><a><span>somestuff</span></a></h5> <ul> <li><a>stuffs1s</a> <ul> @foreach (var image in Model.stuffs.Where(g => g.Grouping == 1)) { <li> <a>@Html.ActionLink(image.Title, "stuffs", "stuff", new { Id = image.CategoryId }, null)</a> </li> } </ul> </li> </ul> </il> </ul> </div> I need to know why this works fine in IE but why its not working in FF(all versions). Any assistance would be appreciated.

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  • Download file popup in IE not working it works well in Fire Fox

    - by Yogesh
    Hi window.location.href, using hidden Iframe and setting its source dynamically, setting return false; for onclick Nothing is working for IE. Basically, my dwr response generates a log file (foo.log) @business layer and it sends file name as response to dwr rpc request. Now I know the file name and its location I just want to download that file.(It works in FF not in IE).

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  • Extracting data from Visual FoxPro databases

    - by whitequark
    I just got some 20Gb of data in a Visual FoxPro database with a custom frontend probably written in the same framework, and need to extract that data in any well-known format. I don't know anything about VFP in particular, but as it is SQL, there should be a way of opening an SQL console, or maybe an vfpdump utility. How can I do that? Everything I have now are a bunch of obscure binary files and a frontend executable.

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  • word frequency problem

    - by davit-datuashvili
    hi in programming pearls i have meet following problem question is this:print words in decreasing frequency or as i understand probllem is this suppose there is given string array let call it s words i have taken randomly it does not matter String s[]={"cat","cat","dog","fox","cat","fox","dog","cat","fox}; and we see that string cat occurs 4 times fox 3 times and dog 2 times so result will be such cat fox dog i have following code in java mport java.util.*; public class string { public static void main(String[] args){ String s[]={"fox","cat","cat","fox","dog","cat","fox","dog","cat"}; Arrays.sort(s); int counts; int count[]=new int[s.length]; for (int i=0;i } } or i have sorted array and create count array where i write number of each word in array problem is that somehow index of integer array element and string array element is not same how to do such that print words according tu maximum elements of integer array? please help me

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  • response.Text is undefined when returning variable

    - by George
    Not sure if the problem is related to Ajax or something silly about JavaScript that I'm overlooking in general, but I have the following script where fox.html is just plain text that reads, "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog." : function loadXMLDoc() { if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); } else {// code for IE6, IE5 xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } xmlhttp.open("GET","fox.html",true); xmlhttp.send(); xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function() { if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200) { fox = xmlhttp.responseText; alert(fox); } } } onload = loadXMLDoc; The above script alerts the contents of fox.html onload just fine. However if I change the script so that: { fox = xmlhttp.responseText; alert(fox); } becomes: { fox = xmlhttp.responseText; return fox; } and alert(loadXMLDoc()); onload I get 'undefined'. I'm wondering why this is so.

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  • PLS HLP Chrome & Internet Explorer won't connect after infected Fire Fox works.

    - by Zack
    HI Guys Please Help I am pretty New Here. I'm having problems. Cannot connect with chrome or Internet Explorer. Fire Fox works fine. It seems it happens when I was infected by a "Trojan Horse Generic 17.BWIK" and a "Trojan Horse SHeur.UHL", when I reply to a post for a Thread I posted. I have removed the treat and got Fire Fox working, "so i think", but not G'Chrome or IE still cannot connect. I do not want to loose Chrome History so re-setting would be my last option and uninstall and install will be out of the question. Is there a way around this? I am using XP Pro on a desktop and DSL connection. Be aware from "Fake_Antispyware.FAH", which I had on my computer, I just found out while doing this, according to my AVG anti-virus security. Please can you direct me for a cure. Thank you in advance for your sincere willingness contributions.

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  • newline-ignoring diff / diff across multiple lines / reflow-ignoring diff

    - by Adam
    Does anybody know of a diff-like tool that can show me the changes between two text files, but ignore changes in whitespace including newlines? Here's an example: the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy bear. the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy bear. the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy bear. the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy bear. quick brown fox jumped over the lazy bear. the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy bear. the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy bear. the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy bear. All I did was delete one word and reflow it, but "diff -b" detects a change on every line (as it should; I'm not saying this is a bug in diff). But for large LaTeX files this is a major problem; change one word in a long paragraph and the diff you get back is basically useless. By the way, I'm aware that this requires way more computational power than the usual lines-are-atomic diff. I'm only doing this on small human-generated files and am happy to wait a long time if I have to.

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  • sed: delete text between a string until first occurrence of another string

    - by Marit Hoen
    Imagine I have something like the following text: The quick brown fox jumps in 2012 and 2013 And I would wish to delete the part from "fox" including the four numbers but only in the first occurrence so I end up with: The quick brown and 2013 Something likes this...: echo "The quick brown fox jumps in 2012 and 2013" \ | sed "s/fox.*\([0-9]\{4\}\)//g" ...brings me: The quick brown So it removed everything including the last occurrence of the four numbers. Any ideas?

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  • How to uninstall a Fire fox add-on that doesn't want to be uninstalled?

    - by Fellknight
    Let's say I installed a program, called "E" . Said program requests to install a Firefox add-on. Now the add-on doesn't work due to being incompatible. Because it came with E i uninstall E planning to re-install it with out the add-on, but after the E uninstall finishes the add-on is still there in Firefox, disabled and with the buttons grayed out. Moreover, Firefox displays the "Restart Firefox to uninstall this add-on" message but no matter how many times it's restarted the loop wont end. Is there any way to uninstall E's add-on?

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  • How to make every word in the text clickable and send it to the script

    - by fakson
    I have a text for example "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." When i click on word i must get data from XML or from mysql about this word. How i can make every word active for click and send it to another script for example: I click on dog, and in new window i get information about dog? on fox about fox? every word must be clickable Any ideas, links or examples? Using php, mysql, jquery, ajax

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  • How to search for alphanumeric word before or after a keyword in perl?

    - by aliocee
    I have sentences as shown in the below examples: $sen1 = "The quick brown fox jump KEYWORD over123 the3 lazy dog, fox is quick"; $sen2 = "The quick brown fox jump123 KEYWORD over the lazy dog, fox is quick"; i want to use the keyword 'KEYWORD' as my search string to extract the alphanumeric words before and after the search string using Perl regular expression. sample output: over123 jump123 NB: The word 'the3' is left out because i'm only searching for alphanumeric words exactly before or after the 'KEYWORD'. Thanks

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  • Joining the previous and next sentence using python

    - by JudoWill
    I'm trying to join a set of sentences contained in a list. I have a function which determines whether a sentence in worth saving. However, in order to keep the context of the sentence I need to also keep the sentence before and after it. In the edge cases, where its either the first or last sentence then, I'll just keep the sentence and its only neighbor. An example is best: ex_paragraph = ['The quick brown fox jumps over the fence.', 'Where there is another red fox.', 'They run off together.', 'They live hapily ever after.'] t1 = lambda x: x.startswith('Where') t2 = lambda x: x'startswith('The ') The result for t1 should be: ['The quick brown fox jumps over the fence. Where there is another red fox. They run off together.'] The result for t2 should be: ['The quick brown fox jumps over the fence. Where there is another red fox.'] My solution is: def YieldContext(sent_list, cont_fun): def JoinSent(sent_list, ind): if ind == 0: return sent_list[ind]+sent_list[ind+1] elif ind == len(sent_list)-1: return sent_list[ind-1]+sent_list[ind] else: return ' '.join(sent_list[ind-1:ind+1]) for sent, sentnum in izip(sent_list, count(0)): if cont_fun(sent): yield JoinSent(sent_list, sent_num) Does anyone know a "cleaner" or more pythonic way to do something like this. The if-elif-else seems a little forced. Thanks, Will PS. I'm obviously doing this with a more complicated "context-function" but this is just for a simple example.

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  • Prevent breaking of specified part of paragraph

    - by AntonAL
    For example, we have a paragraph: Quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog How can i prevent breaking the part "the lazy" ? I means, that this string will be incorrect in my formatting: Quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog But this one is correct: Quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog My text is large and hitting "Shift+Enter" at some placed is ugly, because everything will crash, when text size will be changed ... Selecting the part "the lazy", right-click - "Prevent breaking" does not works Help!

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  • Ubuntu not shutting down ( going to black screen ) 12.04

    - by Orrin Fox
    I am currently using a USB persistent install of ubuntu. its a simple 4GB drive with a 2.8GB partition ( casper-rw storage partition ). I setup an administrator account and set it to login automatically. I also removed ubiquity to simply use this as a go anywhere install. Heres my issue. Im logged in as my account, and I click the top right gear and select "shut down". Text pops up showing its quitting processes.. etc. and then goes to the plymouth animation. But... The screen goes black, and then it goes to the login screen. Now when im at the login screen i go into terminal ( alt+F2 ) and dont you know, im logged in as Ubuntu. so then I try the following: ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo shutdown now It goes to the plymouth screen again as if its shutting down, AND the screen goes black once again but the computer has not turned off, as in the usb is still flashing the light, the fans are still on, the only thing off is the screen. Is this a bug? If not maybe i did something wrong? Perhaps its that I made an account but... if there is a work around for this please let me know. Thanks again, Fox

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  • How to compare 2 similar strings letter by letter and highlight the differences?

    - by PowerUser
    We have 2 databases that should have matching tables. I have an (In-Production) report that compares these fields and displays them to the user in an MS-Access form (continuous form style) for correction. This is all well and good except it can be difficult to find the differences. How can I format these fields to bold/italicize/color the differences? "The lazy dog jumped over a brown fox." "The lazy dog jumped over the brown fox." (It's easier to see the differences between 2 similiar text fields once they are highlighted in some way) "The lazy dog jumped over a brown fox." "The lazy dog jumped over the brown fox. " Since we're talking about a form in MS Access, I don't have high hopes. But I know I'm not the first person to have this problem. Suggestions?

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  • Merging two Regular Expressions to Truncate Words in Strings

    - by Alix Axel
    I'm trying to come up with the following function that truncates string to whole words (if possible, otherwise it should truncate to chars): function Text_Truncate($string, $limit, $more = '...') { $string = trim(html_entity_decode($string, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8')); if (strlen(utf8_decode($string)) > $limit) { $string = preg_replace('~^(.{1,' . intval($limit) . '})(?:\s.*|$)~su', '$1', $string); if (strlen(utf8_decode($string)) > $limit) { $string = preg_replace('~^(.{' . intval($limit) . '}).*~su', '$1', $string); } $string .= $more; } return trim(htmlentities($string, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8', true)); } Here are some tests: // Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn and then the quick brown fox... (49 + 3 chars) echo dyd_Text_Truncate('Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn and then the quick brown fox jumped overly the lazy dog and one day the lazy dog humped the poor fox down until she died.', 50, '...'); // Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn_and_then_the_quick_brown_fox_... (50 + 3 chars) echo dyd_Text_Truncate('Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn_and_then_the_quick_brown_fox_jumped_overly_the_lazy_dog and one day the lazy dog humped the poor fox down until she died.', 50, '...'); They both work as it is, however if I drop the second preg_replace() I get the following: Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn_and_then_the_quick_brown_fox_jumped_overly_the_lazy_dog and one day the lazy dog humped the poor fox down until she died.... I can't use substr() because it only works on byte level and I don't have access to mb_substr() ATM, I've made several attempts to join the second regex with the first one but without success. Please help S.M.S., I've been struggling with this for almost an hour. EDIT: I'm sorry, I've been awake for 40 hours and I shamelessly missed this: $string = preg_replace('~^(.{1,' . intval($limit) . '})(?:\s.*|$)?~su', '$1', $string); Still, if someone has a more optimized regex (or one that ignores the trailing space) please share: "Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn and then " "Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn_and_then_" EDIT 2: I still can't get rid of the trailing whitespace, can someone help me out?

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  • C# HashSet<T>

    - by Ben Griswold
    I hadn’t done much (read: anything) with the C# generic HashSet until I recently needed to produce a distinct collection.  As it turns out, HashSet<T> was the perfect tool. As the following snippet demonstrates, this collection type offers a lot: // Using HashSet<T>: // http://www.albahari.com/nutshell/ch07.aspx var letters = new HashSet<char>("the quick brown fox");   Console.WriteLine(letters.Contains('t')); // true Console.WriteLine(letters.Contains('j')); // false   foreach (char c in letters) Console.Write(c); // the quickbrownfx Console.WriteLine();   letters = new HashSet<char>("the quick brown fox"); letters.IntersectWith("aeiou"); foreach (char c in letters) Console.Write(c); // euio Console.WriteLine();   letters = new HashSet<char>("the quick brown fox"); letters.ExceptWith("aeiou"); foreach (char c in letters) Console.Write(c); // th qckbrwnfx Console.WriteLine();   letters = new HashSet<char>("the quick brown fox"); letters.SymmetricExceptWith("the lazy brown fox"); foreach (char c in letters) Console.Write(c); // quicklazy Console.WriteLine(); The MSDN documentation is a bit light on HashSet<T> documentation but if you search hard enough you can find some interesting information and benchmarks. But back to that distinct list I needed… // MSDN Add // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb353005.aspx var employeeA = new Employee {Id = 1, Name = "Employee A"}; var employeeB = new Employee {Id = 2, Name = "Employee B"}; var employeeC = new Employee {Id = 3, Name = "Employee C"}; var employeeD = new Employee {Id = 4, Name = "Employee D"};   var naughty = new List<Employee> {employeeA}; var nice = new List<Employee> {employeeB, employeeC};   var employees = new HashSet<Employee>(); naughty.ForEach(x => employees.Add(x)); nice.ForEach(x => employees.Add(x));   foreach (Employee e in employees) Console.WriteLine(e); // Returns Employee A Employee B Employee C The Add Method returns true on success and, you guessed it, false if the item couldn’t be added to the collection.  I’m using the Linq ForEach syntax to add all valid items to the employees HashSet.  It works really great.  This is just a rough sample, but you may have noticed I’m using Employee, a reference type.  Most samples demonstrate the power of the HashSet with a collection of integers which is kind of cheating.  With value types you don’t have to worry about defining your own equality members.  With reference types, you do. internal class Employee {     public int Id { get; set; }     public string Name { get; set; }       public override string ToString()     {         return Name;     }          public bool Equals(Employee other)     {         if (ReferenceEquals(null, other)) return false;         if (ReferenceEquals(this, other)) return true;         return other.Id == Id;     }       public override bool Equals(object obj)     {         if (ReferenceEquals(null, obj)) return false;         if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj)) return true;         if (obj.GetType() != typeof (Employee)) return false;         return Equals((Employee) obj);     }       public override int GetHashCode()     {         return Id;     }       public static bool operator ==(Employee left, Employee right)     {         return Equals(left, right);     }       public static bool operator !=(Employee left, Employee right)     {         return !Equals(left, right);     } } Fortunately, with Resharper, it’s a snap. Click on the class name, ALT+INS and then follow with the handy dialogues. That’s it. Try out the HashSet<T>. It’s good stuff.

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  • Optimizing Haskell code

    - by Masse
    I'm trying to learn Haskell and after an article in reddit about Markov text chains, I decided to implement Markov text generation first in Python and now in Haskell. However I noticed that my python implementation is way faster than the Haskell version, even Haskell is compiled to native code. I am wondering what I should do to make the Haskell code run faster and for now I believe it's so much slower because of using Data.Map instead of hashmaps, but I'm not sure I'll post the Python code and Haskell as well. With the same data, Python takes around 3 seconds and Haskell is closer to 16 seconds. It comes without saying that I'll take any constructive criticism :). import random import re import cPickle class Markov: def __init__(self, filenames): self.filenames = filenames self.cache = self.train(self.readfiles()) picklefd = open("dump", "w") cPickle.dump(self.cache, picklefd) picklefd.close() def train(self, text): splitted = re.findall(r"(\w+|[.!?',])", text) print "Total of %d splitted words" % (len(splitted)) cache = {} for i in xrange(len(splitted)-2): pair = (splitted[i], splitted[i+1]) followup = splitted[i+2] if pair in cache: if followup not in cache[pair]: cache[pair][followup] = 1 else: cache[pair][followup] += 1 else: cache[pair] = {followup: 1} return cache def readfiles(self): data = "" for filename in self.filenames: fd = open(filename) data += fd.read() fd.close() return data def concat(self, words): sentence = "" for word in words: if word in "'\",?!:;.": sentence = sentence[0:-1] + word + " " else: sentence += word + " " return sentence def pickword(self, words): temp = [(k, words[k]) for k in words] results = [] for (word, n) in temp: results.append(word) if n > 1: for i in xrange(n-1): results.append(word) return random.choice(results) def gentext(self, words): allwords = [k for k in self.cache] (first, second) = random.choice(filter(lambda (a,b): a.istitle(), [k for k in self.cache])) sentence = [first, second] while len(sentence) < words or sentence[-1] is not ".": current = (sentence[-2], sentence[-1]) if current in self.cache: followup = self.pickword(self.cache[current]) sentence.append(followup) else: print "Wasn't able to. Breaking" break print self.concat(sentence) Markov(["76.txt"]) -- module Markov ( train , fox ) where import Debug.Trace import qualified Data.Map as M import qualified System.Random as R import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as B type Database = M.Map (B.ByteString, B.ByteString) (M.Map B.ByteString Int) train :: [B.ByteString] -> Database train (x:y:[]) = M.empty train (x:y:z:xs) = let l = train (y:z:xs) in M.insertWith' (\new old -> M.insertWith' (+) z 1 old) (x, y) (M.singleton z 1) `seq` l main = do contents <- B.readFile "76.txt" print $ train $ B.words contents fox="The quick brown fox jumps over the brown fox who is slow jumps over the brown fox who is dead."

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