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  • Implementing Linked Lists in C#

    - by nijhawan.saurabh
    Why? The question is why you need Linked Lists and why it is the foundation of any Abstract Data Structure. Take any of the Data Structures - Stacks, Queues, Heaps, Trees; there are two ways to go about implementing them - Using Arrays Using Linked Lists Now you use Arrays when you know about the size of the Nodes in the list at Compile time and Linked Lists are helpful where you are free to add as many Nodes to the List as required at Runtime.   How? Now, let's see how we go about implementing a Simple Linked List in C#. Note: We'd be dealing with singly linked list for time being, there's also another version of linked lists - the Doubly Linked List which maintains two pointers (NEXT and BEFORE).   Class Diagram Let's see the Class Diagram first:     Code     1 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------     2 // <copyright file="Node.cs" company="">     3 // TODO: Update copyright text.     4 // </copyright>     5 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------     6      7 namespace CSharpAlgorithmsAndDS     8 {     9     using System;    10     using System.Collections.Generic;    11     using System.Linq;    12     using System.Text;    13     14     /// <summary>    15     /// TODO: Update summary.    16     /// </summary>    17     public class Node    18     {    19         public Object data { get; set; }    20     21         public Node Next { get; set; }    22     }    23 }    24         1 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------     2 // <copyright file="LinkedList.cs" company="">     3 // TODO: Update copyright text.     4 // </copyright>     5 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------     6      7 namespace CSharpAlgorithmsAndDS     8 {     9     using System;    10     using System.Collections.Generic;    11     using System.Linq;    12     using System.Text;    13     14     /// <summary>    15     /// TODO: Update summary.    16     /// </summary>    17     public class LinkedList    18     {    19         private Node Head;    20     21         public void AddNode(Node n)    22         {    23             n.Next = this.Head;    24             this.Head = n;    25     26         }    27     28         public void printNodes()    29         {    30     31             while (Head!=null)    32             {    33                 Console.WriteLine(Head.data);    34                 Head = Head.Next;    35     36             }    37     38         }    39     }    40 }    41          1 using System;     2 using System.Collections.Generic;     3 using System.Linq;     4 using System.Text;     5      6 namespace CSharpAlgorithmsAndDS     7 {     8     class Program     9     {    10         static void Main(string[] args)    11         {    12             LinkedList ll = new LinkedList();    13             Node A = new Node();    14             A.data = "A";    15     16             Node B = new Node();    17             B.data = "B";    18     19             Node C = new Node();    20             C.data = "C";    21             ll.AddNode(A);    22             ll.AddNode(B);    23             ll.AddNode(C);    24     25             ll.printNodes();    26         }    27     }    28 }    29        Final Words This is just a start, I will add more posts on Linked List covering more operations like Delete etc. and will also explore Doubly Linked List / Implementing Stacks/ Heaps/ Trees / Queues and what not using Linked Lists.   Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}

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  • The Template Method Design Pattern using C# .Net

    - by nijhawan.saurabh
    First of all I'll just put this pattern in context and describe its intent as in the GOF book:   Template Method: Define the skeleton of an algorithm in an operation, deferring some steps to Subclasses. Template Method lets subclasses redefine certain steps of an algorithm without changing the Algorithm's Structure.    Usage: When you are certain about the High Level steps involved in an Algorithm/Work flow you can use the Template Pattern which allows the Base Class to define the Sequence of the Steps but permits the Sub classes to alter the implementation of any/all steps.   Example in the .Net framework: The most common example is the Asp.Net Page Life Cycle. The Page Life Cycle has a few methods which are called in a sequence but we have the liberty to modify the functionality of any of the methods by overriding them.   Sample implementation of Template Method Pattern:   Let's see the class diagram first:            Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:107%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt; mso-ligatures:standard;}   And here goes the code:EmailBase.cs     1 using System;     2 using System.Collections.Generic;     3 using System.Linq;     4 using System.Text;     5 using System.Threading.Tasks;     6      7 namespace TemplateMethod     8 {     9     public abstract class EmailBase    10     {    11     12         public bool SendEmail()    13         {    14             if (CheckEmailAddress() == true) // Method1 in the sequence    15             {    16                 if (ValidateMessage() == true) // Method2 in the sequence    17                 {    18                     if (SendMail() == true) // Method3 in the sequence    19                     {    20                         return true;    21                     }    22                     else    23                     {    24                         return false;    25                     }    26     27                 }    28                 else    29                 {    30                     return false;    31                 }    32     33             }    34             else    35             {    36                 return false;    37     38             }    39     40     41         }    42     43         protected abstract bool CheckEmailAddress();    44         protected abstract bool ValidateMessage();    45         protected abstract bool SendMail();    46     47     48     }    49 }    50    EmailYahoo.cs      1 using System;     2 using System.Collections.Generic;     3 using System.Linq;     4 using System.Text;     5 using System.Threading.Tasks;     6      7 namespace TemplateMethod     8 {     9     public class EmailYahoo:EmailBase    10     {    11     12         protected override bool CheckEmailAddress()    13         {    14             Console.WriteLine("Checking Email Address : YahooEmail");    15             return true;    16         }    17         protected override bool ValidateMessage()    18         {    19             Console.WriteLine("Validating Email Message : YahooEmail");    20             return true;    21         }    22     23     24         protected override bool SendMail()    25         {    26             Console.WriteLine("Semding Email : YahooEmail");    27             return true;    28         }    29     30     31     }    32 }    33   EmailGoogle.cs      1 using System;     2 using System.Collections.Generic;     3 using System.Linq;     4 using System.Text;     5 using System.Threading.Tasks;     6      7 namespace TemplateMethod     8 {     9     public class EmailGoogle:EmailBase    10     {    11     12         protected override bool CheckEmailAddress()    13         {    14             Console.WriteLine("Checking Email Address : GoogleEmail");    15             return true;    16         }    17         protected override bool ValidateMessage()    18         {    19             Console.WriteLine("Validating Email Message : GoogleEmail");    20             return true;    21         }    22     23     24         protected override bool SendMail()    25         {    26             Console.WriteLine("Semding Email : GoogleEmail");    27             return true;    28         }    29     30     31     }    32 }    33   Program.cs      1 using System;     2 using System.Collections.Generic;     3 using System.Linq;     4 using System.Text;     5 using System.Threading.Tasks;     6      7 namespace TemplateMethod     8 {     9     class Program    10     {    11         static void Main(string[] args)    12         {    13             Console.WriteLine("Please choose an Email Account to send an Email:");    14             Console.WriteLine("Choose 1 for Google");    15             Console.WriteLine("Choose 2 for Yahoo");    16             string choice = Console.ReadLine();    17     18             if (choice == "1")    19             {    20                 EmailBase email = new EmailGoogle(); // Rather than newing it up here, you may use a factory to do so.    21                 email.SendEmail();    22     23             }    24             if (choice == "2")    25             {    26                 EmailBase email = new EmailYahoo(); // Rather than newing it up here, you may use a factory to do so.    27                 email.SendEmail();    28             }    29         }    30     }    31 }    32    Final Words: It's very obvious that why the Template Method Pattern is a popular pattern, everything at last revolves around Algorithms and if you are clear with the steps involved it makes real sense to delegate the duty of implementing the step's functionality to the sub classes. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:107%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt; mso-ligatures:standard;}

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  • Difference between Factory Method and Abstract Factory design patterns using C#.Net

    - by nijhawan.saurabh
    First of all I'll just put both these patterns in context and describe their intent as in the GOF book: Factory Method: Define an interface for creating an object, but let subclasses decide which class to instantiate. Factory Method lets a class defer instantiation to subclasses.   Abstract Factory: Provide an interface for creating families of related or dependent objects without specifying their concrete classes.   Points to note:   Abstract factory pattern adds a layer of abstraction to the factory method pattern. The type of factory is not known to the client at compile time, this information is passed to the client at runtime (How it is passed is again dependent on the system, you may store this information in configuration files and the client can read it on execution). While implementing Abstract factory pattern, the factory classes can have multiple factory methods. In Abstract factory, a factory is capable of creating more than one type of product (Simpilar products are grouped together in a factory)   Sample implementation of factory method pattern   Let's see the class diagram first:                   ProductFactory.cs // ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // <copyright file="ProductFactory.cs" company=""> // TODO: Update copyright text. // </copyright> // -----------------------------------------------------------------------   namespace FactoryMethod {     using System;     using System.Collections.Generic;     using System.Linq;     using System.Text;       /// <summary>     /// TODO: Update summary.     /// </summary>     public abstract class ProductFactory     {         /// <summary>         /// </summary>         /// <returns>         /// </returns>         public abstract Product CreateProductInstance();     } }     ProductAFactory.cs // ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // <copyright file="ProductAFactory.cs" company=""> // TODO: Update copyright text. // </copyright> // -----------------------------------------------------------------------   namespace FactoryMethod {     using System;     using System.Collections.Generic;     using System.Linq;     using System.Text;       /// <summary>     /// TODO: Update summary.     /// </summary>     public class ProductAFactory:ProductFactory     {         public override Product CreateProductInstance()         {             return new ProductA();         }     } }         // ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // <copyright file="ProductBFactory.cs" company=""> // TODO: Update copyright text. // </copyright> // -----------------------------------------------------------------------   namespace FactoryMethod {     using System;     using System.Collections.Generic;     using System.Linq;     using System.Text;       /// <summary>     /// TODO: Update summary.     /// </summary>     public class ProductBFactory:ProductFactory     {         public override Product CreateProductInstance()         {             return new ProductB();           }     } }     // ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // <copyright file="Product.cs" company=""> // TODO: Update copyright text. // </copyright> // -----------------------------------------------------------------------   namespace FactoryMethod {     using System;     using System.Collections.Generic;     using System.Linq;     using System.Text;       /// <summary>     /// TODO: Update summary.     /// </summary>     public abstract class Product     {         public abstract string Name { get; set; }     } }     // ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // <copyright file="ProductA.cs" company=""> // TODO: Update copyright text. // </copyright> // -----------------------------------------------------------------------   namespace FactoryMethod {     using System;     using System.Collections.Generic;     using System.Linq;     using System.Text;       /// <summary>     /// TODO: Update summary.     /// </summary>     public class ProductA:Product     {         public ProductA()         {               Name = "ProductA";         }           public override string Name { get; set; }     } }       // ----------------------------------------------------------------------- // <copyright file="ProductB.cs" company=""> // TODO: Update copyright text. // </copyright> // -----------------------------------------------------------------------   namespace FactoryMethod {     using System;     using System.Collections.Generic;     using System.Linq;     using System.Text;       /// <summary>     /// TODO: Update summary.     /// </summary>     public class ProductB:Product     {          public ProductB()         {               Name = "ProductA";         }         public override string Name { get; set; }     } }     Program.cs using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text;   namespace FactoryMethod {     class Program     {         static void Main(string[] args)         {             ProductFactory pf = new ProductAFactory();               Product product = pf.CreateProductInstance();             Console.WriteLine(product.Name);         }     } }       Normal 0 false false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}

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  • Single Key Multiple Values Data Structure for one to many mapping

    - by nijhawan.saurabh
    Dictionaries are good, they are great to store Key / Value pairs but what if you want to store multiple values for a single key? Dictionaries would not allow duplicate keys. I came across a nice way to represent such a Data Structure using one of the Extension Method (ToLookup) present in System.Linq Namespace which converts an IEnumerable<T> to an ILookup<TKey, TElement>.   Now, there are two parameters this method expects (The other overload expects 3 parameters): IEnumerable<TSource> - This list would contain the actual data. Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector - The Delegate which which computes the keys   The method returns the following: ILookup<TKey, TElement>   This DS would store Keys and multiple values along those keys.   Let's see a small example:        12  using System;    13     using System.Collections.Generic;    14     using System.Linq;    15     16     /// <summary>    17     /// </summary>    18     internal class Program    19     {    20         #region Methods    21     22         /// <summary>    23         /// </summary>    24         /// <param name="args">    25         /// The args.    26         /// </param>    27         private static void Main(string[] args)    28         {    29             // Create an array of strings.    30             var list = new List<string> { "IceCream1", "Chocolate Moose", "IceCream2" };    31     32             // Generate a lookup Data Structure    33             ILookup<int, string> lookupDs = list.ToLookup(item => item.Length);    34     35           // Enumerate groupings.    36             foreach (var group in lookupDs)    37             {    38                 foreach (string element in group)    39                 {    40                     Console.WriteLine(element);    41                 }    42             }    43         } Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}

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  • Is it a good idea to implement chatroom like functionality via pubsubhub

    - by saurabh
    Hi , Actually I want something between chatroom and stackoverflow ie users can ask questions and in my application generally many users will be on the same webpage now others can see the question in realtime and answer the same in realtime ie kind of chatroom type app. I want to implement it via pubsubhub any suggestions ideas if this is a good idea or not. Any java system having this functionality will be helpful. Thanks Saurabh

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  • why string is a reference type?

    - by saurabh
    We know that string is a reference type , so we have string s="God is great!"; but on the same note if i declare class say Employee which is a reference type so why below piece of code does not work ? Employee e = "Saurabh"; 2- How do we actually determine if a type is a reference type or value type?

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  • Read data matrix barcodes on iPhone?

    - by Saurabh
    Hi All, Is there any Open Source project I can use to read data matrix codes (not QR codes, I know I can use ZXing project to read QR Codes) on iPhone? Any JAVA Open Source would also be helpful (I'll convert that into a web service and use on iPhone). Any help would be much appreciated! Thanks Saurabh

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  • Datatable binding to a form is not working

    - by saurabh
    Hi All i am having a form which are having 4 lables and these lables value are displayed in the 4 textboxs, i am using MVVM and binding these textboxs with the Datatble which is coming through the typed dataset not the problem here is when i add a new row in the datatable with default values of columns and update ui by calling onpropertychanged event from my viewmodel , these values are not getting reflected on the form. Before adding a new row in the table , i am removing all previous rows and then add. TIA. Saurabh

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  • How much memory an app can use on iPad?

    - by Saurabh
    Hi All, Currently I am writing an iPad app. I am using a lot of images in this app around 40 MB of images! This app works fine in simulator but crashing on device. I think the problem is with memory. I wanted to know how much memory I can use on iPad? Thanks Saurabh

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  • Change Default Contact Application in Eclipse

    - by Saurabh
    Hi I am running eclipse on windows XP. I am trying to make changes in Default Contact Application and make it a separate apk file. But due to dependancies on other libraries it's showing me compile errors. How can this be resolved? So that I can make a new contact application using current code base. Thanks, Saurabh

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  • How to Open quicktime player on iPad

    - by Saurabh
    Hello All, I am programming an iPad app. In this app I want to open a movie URL in default Quicktime player. When I tried to open the URL in the browser the movie starts playing in the browser. How can I open the movie in the default player (so i can get play pause controls..) Any help would be much appreciated. Thanks Saurabh

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  • ASP.NET Session does not timeout on using ReportViewer Control.

    - by Saurabh
    Hi, We are using the ReportViewer control to display SSRS reports in our ASP.NET application. On pages where we use the ReportViewer control the session does not time out. The reason for this is the ReportViewer control emits a "setTimeOut" javascript function which reads the Session timeout value from the web.config and pings the server 1 minute before the configured value and keeps the session alive. For example, if the session timeout value is 5 minutes, the ReportViewer pings the server on the 4th minute. We used fidldler to verify this behavior. In addition, if we remove the ReportViewer control from the page, the sessions times out as expected. We also tried using the ReportViewer control in a sample application and observed the same behaviour. Has anyone faced this issue? Regards, Saurabh

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  • Polygon triangulation

    - by Saurabh
    Hey, I am working on nesting of sheet metal parts and am implementing Minkowski Sums to find No Fit Polygons for nesting. The problem is I can give only convex sets as input to the code which calculates Minkowski sums for me. Hence I need to break a concave polygon, with holes into Convex sets. I am open to triangulation also, but I am looking for a working code on VC++ (6.0). I am slightly running short on time as my whole code is ready and just waiting for input in the form of convex sets. I would really appreciate if somebody with prior experience can help me in this. I have gone through other posts but did not find anything matching to this. I am a student of mechanical engineering and really dun have much idea about computer languages. All I can handle is compiling a code on VC++ and incorporate it with my existing code. Looking forward to responses!! Thanks Warm regards Saurabh India

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  • Currency Conversion in Oracle BI applications

    - by Saurabh Verma
    Authored by Vijay Aggarwal and Hichem Sellami A typical data warehouse contains Star and/or Snowflake schema, made up of Dimensions and Facts. The facts store various numerical information including amounts. Example; Order Amount, Invoice Amount etc. With the true global nature of business now-a-days, the end-users want to view the reports in their own currency or in global/common currency as defined by their business. This presents a unique opportunity in BI to provide the amounts in converted rates either by pre-storing or by doing on-the-fly conversions while displaying the reports to the users. Source Systems OBIA caters to various source systems like EBS, PSFT, Sebl, JDE, Fusion etc. Each source has its own unique and intricate ways of defining and storing currency data, doing currency conversions and presenting to the OLTP users. For example; EBS stores conversion rates between currencies which can be classified by conversion rates, like Corporate rate, Spot rate, Period rate etc. Siebel stores exchange rates by conversion rates like Daily. EBS/Fusion stores the conversion rates for each day, where as PSFT/Siebel store for a range of days. PSFT has Rate Multiplication Factor and Rate Division Factor and we need to calculate the Rate based on them, where as other Source systems store the Currency Exchange Rate directly. OBIA Design The data consolidation from various disparate source systems, poses the challenge to conform various currencies, rate types, exchange rates etc., and designing the best way to present the amounts to the users without affecting the performance. When consolidating the data for reporting in OBIA, we have designed the mechanisms in the Common Dimension, to allow users to report based on their required currencies. OBIA Facts store amounts in various currencies: Document Currency: This is the currency of the actual transaction. For a multinational company, this can be in various currencies. Local Currency: This is the base currency in which the accounting entries are recorded by the business. This is generally defined in the Ledger of the company. Global Currencies: OBIA provides five Global Currencies. Three are used across all modules. The last two are for CRM only. A Global currency is very useful when creating reports where the data is viewed enterprise-wide. Example; a US based multinational would want to see the reports in USD. The company will choose USD as one of the global currencies. OBIA allows users to define up-to five global currencies during the initial implementation. The term Currency Preference is used to designate the set of values: Document Currency, Local Currency, Global Currency 1, Global Currency 2, Global Currency 3; which are shared among all modules. There are four more currency preferences, specific to certain modules: Global Currency 4 (aka CRM Currency) and Global Currency 5 which are used in CRM; and Project Currency and Contract Currency, used in Project Analytics. When choosing Local Currency for Currency preference, the data will show in the currency of the Ledger (or Business Unit) in the prompt. So it is important to select one Ledger or Business Unit when viewing data in Local Currency. More on this can be found in the section: Toggling Currency Preferences in the Dashboard. Design Logic When extracting the fact data, the OOTB mappings extract and load the document amount, and the local amount in target tables. It also loads the exchange rates required to convert the document amount into the corresponding global amounts. If the source system only provides the document amount in the transaction, the extract mapping does a lookup to get the Local currency code, and the Local exchange rate. The Load mapping then uses the local currency code and rate to derive the local amount. The load mapping also fetches the Global Currencies and looks up the corresponding exchange rates. The lookup of exchange rates is done via the Exchange Rate Dimension provided as a Common/Conforming Dimension in OBIA. The Exchange Rate Dimension stores the exchange rates between various currencies for a date range and Rate Type. Two physical tables W_EXCH_RATE_G and W_GLOBAL_EXCH_RATE_G are used to provide the lookups and conversions between currencies. The data is loaded from the source system’s Ledger tables. W_EXCH_RATE_G stores the exchange rates between currencies with a date range. On the other hand, W_GLOBAL_EXCH_RATE_G stores the currency conversions between the document currency and the pre-defined five Global Currencies for each day. Based on the requirements, the fact mappings can decide and use one or both tables to do the conversion. Currency design in OBIA also taps into the MLS and Domain architecture, thus allowing the users to map the currencies to a universal Domain during the implementation time. This is especially important for companies deploying and using OBIA with multiple source adapters. Some Gotchas to Look for It is necessary to think through the currencies during the initial implementation. 1) Identify various types of currencies that are used by your business. Understand what will be your Local (or Base) and Documentation currency. Identify various global currencies that your users will want to look at the reports. This will be based on the global nature of your business. Changes to these currencies later in the project, while permitted, but may cause Full data loads and hence lost time. 2) If the user has a multi source system make sure that the Global Currencies and Global Rate Types chosen in Configuration Manager do have the corresponding source specific counterparts. In other words, make sure for every DW specific value chosen for Currency Code or Rate Type, there is a source Domain mapping already done. Technical Section This section will briefly mention the technical scenarios employed in the OBIA adaptors to extract data from each source system. In OBIA, we have two main tables which store the Currency Rate information as explained in previous sections. W_EXCH_RATE_G and W_GLOBAL_EXCH_RATE_G are the two tables. W_EXCH_RATE_G stores all the Currency Conversions present in the source system. It captures data for a Date Range. W_GLOBAL_EXCH_RATE_G has Global Currency Conversions stored at a Daily level. However the challenge here is to store all the 5 Global Currency Exchange Rates in a single record for each From Currency. Let’s voyage further into the Source System Extraction logic for each of these tables and understand the flow briefly. EBS: In EBS, we have Currency Data stored in GL_DAILY_RATES table. As the name indicates GL_DAILY_RATES EBS table has data at a daily level. However in our warehouse we store the data with a Date Range and insert a new range record only when the Exchange Rate changes for a particular From Currency, To Currency and Rate Type. Below are the main logical steps that we employ in this process. (Incremental Flow only) – Cleanup the data in W_EXCH_RATE_G. Delete the records which have Start Date > minimum conversion date Update the End Date of the existing records. Compress the daily data from GL_DAILY_RATES table into Range Records. Incremental map uses $$XRATE_UPD_NUM_DAY as an extra parameter. Generate Previous Rate, Previous Date and Next Date for each of the Daily record from the OLTP. Filter out the records which have Conversion Rate same as Previous Rates or if the Conversion Date lies within a single day range. Mark the records as ‘Keep’ and ‘Filter’ and also get the final End Date for the single Range record (Unique Combination of From Date, To Date, Rate and Conversion Date). Filter the records marked as ‘Filter’ in the INFA map. The above steps will load W_EXCH_RATE_GS. Step 0 updates/deletes W_EXCH_RATE_G directly. SIL map will then insert/update the GS data into W_EXCH_RATE_G. These steps convert the daily records in GL_DAILY_RATES to Range records in W_EXCH_RATE_G. We do not need such special logic for loading W_GLOBAL_EXCH_RATE_G. This is a table where we store data at a Daily Granular Level. However we need to pivot the data because the data present in multiple rows in source tables needs to be stored in different columns of the same row in DW. We use GROUP BY and CASE logic to achieve this. Fusion: Fusion has extraction logic very similar to EBS. The only difference is that the Cleanup logic that was mentioned in step 0 above does not use $$XRATE_UPD_NUM_DAY parameter. In Fusion we bring all the Exchange Rates in Incremental as well and do the cleanup. The SIL then takes care of Insert/Updates accordingly. PeopleSoft:PeopleSoft does not have From Date and To Date explicitly in the Source tables. Let’s look at an example. Please note that this is achieved from PS1 onwards only. 1 Jan 2010 – USD to INR – 45 31 Jan 2010 – USD to INR – 46 PSFT stores records in above fashion. This means that Exchange Rate of 45 for USD to INR is applicable for 1 Jan 2010 to 30 Jan 2010. We need to store data in this fashion in DW. Also PSFT has Exchange Rate stored as RATE_MULT and RATE_DIV. We need to do a RATE_MULT/RATE_DIV to get the correct Exchange Rate. We generate From Date and To Date while extracting data from source and this has certain assumptions: If a record gets updated/inserted in the source, it will be extracted in incremental. Also if this updated/inserted record is between other dates, then we also extract the preceding and succeeding records (based on dates) of this record. This is required because we need to generate a range record and we have 3 records whose ranges have changed. Taking the same example as above, if there is a new record which gets inserted on 15 Jan 2010; the new ranges are 1 Jan to 14 Jan, 15 Jan to 30 Jan and 31 Jan to Next available date. Even though 1 Jan record and 31 Jan have not changed, we will still extract them because the range is affected. Similar logic is used for Global Exchange Rate Extraction. We create the Range records and get it into a Temporary table. Then we join to Day Dimension, create individual records and pivot the data to get the 5 Global Exchange Rates for each From Currency, Date and Rate Type. Siebel: Siebel Facts are dependent on Global Exchange Rates heavily and almost none of them really use individual Exchange Rates. In other words, W_GLOBAL_EXCH_RATE_G is the main table used in Siebel from PS1 release onwards. As of January 2002, the Euro Triangulation method for converting between currencies belonging to EMU members is not needed for present and future currency exchanges. However, the method is still available in Siebel applications, as are the old currencies, so that historical data can be maintained accurately. The following description applies only to historical data needing conversion prior to the 2002 switch to the Euro for the EMU member countries. If a country is a member of the European Monetary Union (EMU), you should convert its currency to other currencies through the Euro. This is called triangulation, and it is used whenever either currency being converted has EMU Triangulation checked. Due to this, there are multiple extraction flows in SEBL ie. EUR to EMU, EUR to NonEMU, EUR to DMC and so on. We load W_EXCH_RATE_G through multiple flows with these data. This has been kept same as previous versions of OBIA. W_GLOBAL_EXCH_RATE_G being a new table does not have such needs. However SEBL does not have From Date and To Date columns in the Source tables similar to PSFT. We use similar extraction logic as explained in PSFT section for SEBL as well. What if all 5 Global Currencies configured are same? As mentioned in previous sections, from PS1 onwards we store Global Exchange Rates in W_GLOBAL_EXCH_RATE_G table. The extraction logic for this table involves Pivoting data from multiple rows into a single row with 5 Global Exchange Rates in 5 columns. As mentioned in previous sections, we use CASE and GROUP BY functions to achieve this. This approach poses a unique problem when all the 5 Global Currencies Chosen are same. For example – If the user configures all 5 Global Currencies as ‘USD’ then the extract logic will not be able to generate a record for From Currency=USD. This is because, not all Source Systems will have a USD->USD conversion record. We have _Generated mappings to take care of this case. We generate a record with Conversion Rate=1 for such cases. Reusable Lookups Before PS1, we had a Mapplet for Currency Conversions. In PS1, we only have reusable Lookups- LKP_W_EXCH_RATE_G and LKP_W_GLOBAL_EXCH_RATE_G. These lookups have another layer of logic so that all the lookup conditions are met when they are used in various Fact Mappings. Any user who would want to do a LKP on W_EXCH_RATE_G or W_GLOBAL_EXCH_RATE_G should and must use these Lookups. A direct join or Lookup on the tables might lead to wrong data being returned. Changing Currency preferences in the Dashboard: In the 796x series, all amount metrics in OBIA were showing the Global1 amount. The customer needed to change the metric definitions to show them in another Currency preference. Project Analytics started supporting currency preferences since 7.9.6 release though, and it published a Tech note for other module customers to add toggling between currency preferences to the solution. List of Currency Preferences Starting from 11.1.1.x release, the BI Platform added a new feature to support multiple currencies. The new session variable (PREFERRED_CURRENCY) is populated through a newly introduced currency prompt. This prompt can take its values from the xml file: userpref_currencies_OBIA.xml, which is hosted in the BI Server installation folder, under :< home>\instances\instance1\config\OracleBIPresentationServicesComponent\coreapplication_obips1\userpref_currencies.xml This file contains the list of currency preferences, like“Local Currency”, “Global Currency 1”,…which customers can also rename to give them more meaningful business names. There are two options for showing the list of currency preferences to the user in the dashboard: Static and Dynamic. In Static mode, all users will see the full list as in the user preference currencies file. In the Dynamic mode, the list shown in the currency prompt drop down is a result of a dynamic query specified in the same file. Customers can build some security into the rpd, so the list of currency preferences will be based on the user roles…BI Applications built a subject area: “Dynamic Currency Preference” to run this query, and give every user only the list of currency preferences required by his application roles. Adding Currency to an Amount Field When the user selects one of the items from the currency prompt, all the amounts in that page will show in the Currency corresponding to that preference. For example, if the user selects “Global Currency1” from the prompt, all data will be showing in Global Currency 1 as specified in the Configuration Manager. If the user select “Local Currency”, all amount fields will show in the Currency of the Business Unit selected in the BU filter of the same page. If there is no particular Business Unit selected in that filter, and the data selected by the query contains amounts in more than one currency (for example one BU has USD as a functional currency, the other has EUR as functional currency), then subtotals will not be available (cannot add USD and EUR amounts in one field), and depending on the set up (see next paragraph), the user may receive an error. There are two ways to add the Currency field to an amount metric: In the form of currency code, like USD, EUR…For this the user needs to add the field “Apps Common Currency Code” to the report. This field is in every subject area, usually under the table “Currency Tag” or “Currency Code”… In the form of currency symbol ($ for USD, € for EUR,…) For this, the user needs to format the amount metrics in the report as a currency column, by specifying the currency tag column in the Column Properties option in Column Actions drop down list. Typically this column should be the “BI Common Currency Code” available in every subject area. Select Column Properties option in the Edit list of a metric. In the Data Format tab, select Custom as Treat Number As. Enter the following syntax under Custom Number Format: [$:currencyTagColumn=Subjectarea.table.column] Where Column is the “BI Common Currency Code” defined to take the currency code value based on the currency preference chosen by the user in the Currency preference prompt.

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  • Screen Resolution stuck at 640x480 after installing Bumblebee

    - by Saurabh Agarwal
    I have a Dell XPS 15z laptop. As you can see here, there are some issues with NVidia drivers. The site recommends installation of Bumblebee (instructions given in the link). I am posting it again for ease: $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:bumblebee/stable $ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade $ sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia $ sudo usermod -a -G bumblebee $USER After restarting the computer however, the screen resolution was stuck at 640x480 and I got the following error message as soon as I logged in: **Could not apply the stored configuration for monitors** none of the selected modes were compatible with the possible modes: Trying modes for CRTC 63 CRTC 63: trying mode 640x480@60Hz with output at 1366x768@60Hz (pass 0) CRTC 63: trying mode 640x480@60Hz with output at 1366x768@60Hz (pass 1) Trying modes for CRTC 64 CRTC 64: trying mode 640x480@60Hz with output at 1366x768@60Hz (pass 0) CRTC 64: trying mode 640x480@60Hz with output at 1366x768@60Hz (pass 1) Prior to the update, the display was absolutely normal and thus there is no doubt about the cause. Albeit, there was no support for graphic drivers. In case it helps, some features of graphics drivers seem to be functional after bumblebee, ie, all features are in order except for the resolution. And if the resolution can't be fixed, please suggest a way to retract the changes so that atleast the prior state may be reachieved. Any help in the matter would be highly appreciated.

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  • 'bzip2' error while downloading OpenCV2.4.2 in 12.04

    - by Saurabh Deshpande
    While downloading OpenCV2.4.2 in 12.04, I get the following error message: bzip2: Compressed file ends unexpectedly; perhaps it is corrupted? *Possible* reason follows. bzip2: Inappropriate ioctl for device Input file = (stdin), output file = (stdout) It is possible that the compressed file(s) have become corrupted. You can use the -tvv option to test integrity of such files. You can use the `bzip2recover' program to attempt to recover data from undamaged sections of corrupted files. tar: Child returned status 2 tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now

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  • Recovering data from hard disk after an accidental Ubuntu reinstallation

    - by Saurabh Agarwal
    My computer got wiped accidentally due to a fresh Ubuntu installation. Since the drive contains very important data and codes, it would be really great if the same could be recovered. It is a 2TB hard drive which had Ubuntu 10.10 earlier. It now has a Ubuntu 12.04 installed on it (which I understand occupies ~4GB). The machine has been powered off since. The installation was done using a usb with the option where the previous ubuntu installation is removed. Since installation doesn't take a lot of time, I'm inclined to think that the disk wasn't completely formatted and that most of the data is still there. I have no experience with recovery and hence a detailed explanation is very helpful. NOTE: I can arrange an additional 2TB hard disk for copying data. My computer has a fast internet connection and I have other computers connected to the network which I may use to access the previous one as well.

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  • What are the various development tools beneficial for Java/J2EE developers?

    - by Saurabh
    I am a J2EE developer and have used some tools like Eclipse, ANT, SVN, etc. while developing various projects using Java, Spring, Struts, etc. Can you please tell me what are the other various tools which will help me while building the projects. Are there any tools helping in designing databases, building architecture, etc. It would be great if you can advice some tools which can help me in various software development activities.

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  • iPhone apps causing battery to drain out

    - by saurabh
    Hi, Recently my iPhone battery started to discharge in just one day. I do not use my iPhone much (less than 1 hour a day). and then while discussing it with couple of colleagues, I heard that there are some apps which even if installed on your iPhone can cause your battery to drain out faster. It does not matter if you are not using those apps, only having them installed was enough to cause battery drain. I have heard this from couple of my techie friends as well and thus had to put some credibility to it. Being an iPhone developer, I don't think that is possible. Do you think if this is possible for an app to cause battery drain just by being installed there on iPhone?

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  • Duplicity not writing to a pre-existing S3 bucket

    - by Saurabh Nanda
    I'm trying to backup a directory to a pre-existing Amazon S3 bucket using the following command: duplicity --no-encryption system/ s3+http://MY_BUCKET_NAME/backup However, I'm getting the following error consistently: S3CreateError: S3CreateError: 409 Conflict <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Error><Code>BucketAlreadyOwnedByYou</Code><Message>Your previous request to create the named bucket succeeded and you already own it.</Message><BucketName>vacationlabs</BucketName><RequestId>3C1B8C49469E3374</RequestId><HostId>4dU1TKf3Td6R0yvG9MaLKCYvQfwaCpdM8FUcv53aIOh0LeJ6wtVHHduPSTqjDwt0</HostId></Error> The S3 bucket is empty and does NOT have the backup directory The bucket is in Singapore region

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  • Use sed command to replace , appearing between numbers

    - by Saurabh
    I have a CSV file where data are in the following format |001|,|abc,def|,123456,789,|aaa|,|bbb|,444,555,666 I want to replace only those "," that appears between numbers with some other character like say SOH or $ or * other "," appearing in the line should not get replaced i.e. to say I wish to have following output |001|,|abc,def|,123456*789,|aaa|,|bbb|,444*555*666 Can someone please help me with sed command pattern to get the above desired output

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