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  • Architecting Python application consisting of many small scripts

    - by Duke Dougal
    I am building an application which, at the moment, consists of many small Python scripts. Each Python script processes items from one Amazon SQS queue. Emails come into an initial queue and are processed by a script and typically the script will do a small unit of processing (for example, parse email and store some database fields), then an item will be placed on the next queue for further processing, until eventually the email has finished going through the various scripts and queues. What I like about this approach is that it is very loosely coupled. However, I'm not sure how I should implement live. Should I make each script a daemon which is constantly polling it's inbound queue for things to do? Or should there be some overarching orchestration program or process? Or maybe I should not have lots of small Python scripts but one large application? Specific questions: How should I run each of these scripts - as a daemon with some sort or restart monitor to restart them in case they stop for any reason? If yes, should I have some program which orchestrates this? Or is the idea of many small script not a good one, would it make more sense to have a larger python program which contains all the functionality and does all the queue polling and execution of functionality for each queue? What is the current preferred approach to daemonising Python scripts? Broadly I would welcome any comments or opinions on any aspect of this. thanks

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  • iOS chat application design, sending/relaying the message over to the end user

    - by AyBayBay
    I have a design question. Let us say you were tasked with building a chat application, specifically for iOS (iOS Chat Application). For simplicity let us say you can only chat with one person at a time (no group chat functionality). How then can you achieve sending a message directly to an end user from phone A to phone B? Obviously there is a web service layer with some API calls. One of the API calls available will be startChat(). After starting a chat, when you send a message, you make another async call, let us call it sendMessage() and pass in a string with your message. Once it goes to the web service layer, the message gets stored in a database. Here is where I am currently stuck. After the message gets sent to the web service layer, how do we then achieve sending/relaying the message over to the end user? Should the web server send out a message to the end user and notify them, or should each client call a receiveMessage() method periodically, and if the server side has some info for them it can then respond with that info? Finally, how can we handle the case in which the user you are trying to send a message to is offline? How can we make sure the end user gets the packet when he moves back to an area with signal?

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  • Advice on designing web application with a 40+ year lifetime

    - by user2708395
    Scenario Currently, I am apart of a health care project whose main requirement is to capture data with unknown attributes using user generated forms by health care providers. The second requirement is that data integrity is key and that the application will be used for 40+ years. We are currently migrating the client's data from the past 40 years from various sources (Paper, Excel, Access, etc...) to the database. Future requirements are: Workflow management of forms Schedule management of forms Security/Role based management Reporting engine Mobile/Tablet support Situation Only 6 months in, the current (contracted) architect/senior programmer has taken the "fast" approach and has designed a poor system. The database is not normalized, the code is coupled, the tiers have no dedicated purpose and data is starting to go missing since he has designed some beans to perform "deletes" on the database. The code base is extremely bloated and there are jobs just to synchronize data since the database is not normalized. His approach has been to rely on backup jobs to restore missing data and doesn't seem to believe in re-factoring. Having presented my findings to the PM, the architect will be removed when his contract ends. I have been given the task to re-architect this application. My team consists of me and one junior programmer. We have no other resources. We have been granted a 6-month requirement freeze in which we can focus on re-building this system. I suggested using a CMS system like Drupal, but for policy reasons at the client's organization, the system must be built from scratch. This is the first time that I will be designing a system with a 40+ lifespan. I have only worked on projects with 3-5 year lifespans, so this situation is very new, yet exciting. Questions What design considerations will make the system more "future proof"? What experiences have you had in designing such systems - both failures and successes? What questions should be asked to the client/PM to make the system more "future proof"?

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  • Should database-models (conceptual or physical) be reviewed by DBAs?

    - by user61852
    Where I work, new applications that are being developed that will use their own relational database, must have their database-models (conceptual, then physical ) reviewed and aproved by DBAs. Things looked after are normalization, antipatterns, table and column naming standards, etc. Is this really a DBA's responsability to do this ? or should it be, in a greater extend, the responsability of app designers and architects ?

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  • Designing a Content-Based ETL Process with .NET and SFDC

    - by Patrick
    As my firm makes the transition to using SFDC as our main operational system, we've spun together a couple of SFDC portals where we can post customer-specific documents to be viewed at will. As such, we've had the need for pseudo-ETL applications to be implemented that are able to extract metadata from the documents our analysts generate internally (most are industry-standard PDFs, XML, or MS Office formats) and place in networked "queue" folders. From there, our applications scoop of the queued documents and upload them to the appropriate SFDC CRM Content Library along with some select pieces of metadata. I've mostly used DbAmp to broker communication with SFDC (DbAmp is a Linked Server provider that allows you to use SQL conventions to interact with your SFDC Org data). I've been able to create [console] applications in C# that work pretty well, and they're usually structured something like this: static void Main() { // Load parameters from app.config. // Get documents from queue. var files = someInterface.GetFiles(someFilterOrRegexPattern); foreach (var file in files) { // Extract metadata from the file. // Validate some attributes of the file; add any validation errors to an in-memory // structure (e.g. List<ValidationErrors>). if (isValid) { var fileData = File.ReadAllBytes(file); // Upload using some wrapper for an ORM or DAL someInterface.Upload(fileData, meta.Param1, meta.Param2, ...); } else { // Bounce the file } } // Report any validation errors (via message bus or SMTP or some such). } And that's pretty much it. Most of the time I wrap all these operations in a "Worker" class that takes the needed interfaces as constructor parameters. This approach has worked reasonably well, but I just get this feeling in my gut that there's something awful about it and would love some feedback. Is writing an ETL process as a C# Console app a bad idea? I'm also wondering if there are some design patterns that would be useful in this scenario that I'm clearly overlooking. Thanks in advance!

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  • Screencast several application windows at once in Microsoft Windows

    - by Birt
    I have several (20+) applications running on a Microsoft Windows PC. What I would like is a solution that allows me to broadcast the window of each application in a webpage, in readonly mode (there's no need for the users to interact with it). This should work even if the application is in the background, seeing that there's no way to fit all of them on the screen. I performed very extensive searching, from simple screencasting apps such as Camtasia, CamStudio or VHScrCap to things like VNC (haven't found any server able to broadcast multiple windows at once, much less background windows) and even application virtualization, but in the end I haven't found anything that fits my needs. Most solutions that allow capturing a window instead of the whole desktop will not let you capture multiple windows but only a single window and on top of that they don't even work when the window is in the background.

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  • The Best Application Launchers and Docks for Organizing Your Desktop

    - by Lori Kaufman
    Is your desktop so cluttered you can’t find anything? Is your Start menu so long you have to scroll to see what programs are there? If so, you probably need an application launcher to organize your desktop and make your life easier. We’ve created a list of many useful application launchers in different forms. You can choose from dock programs, portable application launchers, Start menu and Taskbar replacements, and keyboard-oriented launchers. HTG Explains: What Is RSS and How Can I Benefit From Using It? HTG Explains: Why You Only Have to Wipe a Disk Once to Erase It HTG Explains: Learn How Websites Are Tracking You Online

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  • Are the technologies used in an application part of the architecture, or do they represent implementation/detailed design details?

    - by m3th0dman
    When designing and writing documentation for a project an architecture needs to be clearly defined: what are the high-level modules of the system, what are their responsibilities, how do they communicate with each other, what protocols are used etc. But in this list, should the concrete technologies be specified or this is actually an implementation detail and need to be specified at a lower level? For example, consider a distributed application that has two modules which communicate asynchronously via AMQP protocol, mediated by a message broker. The fact that these modules use the Spring AMQP library for sending and receiving messages is a fact that needs to be specified in the architecture or is a lower-level detailed design/implementation detail?

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  • Alternatives to multiple inheritance for my architecture (NPCs in a Realtime Strategy game)?

    - by Brettetete
    Coding isn't that hard actually. The hard part is to write code that makes sense, is readable and understandable. So I want to get a better developer and create some solid architecture. So I want to do create an architecture for NPCs in a video-game. It is a Realtime Strategy game like Starcraft, Age of Empires, Command & Conquers, etc etc.. So I'll have different kinds of NPCs. A NPC can have one to many abilities (methods) of these: Build(), Farm() and Attack(). Examples: Worker can Build() and Farm() Warrior can Attack() Citizen can Build(), Farm() and Attack() Fisherman can Farm() and Attack() I hope everything is clear so far. So now I do have my NPC Types and their abilities. But lets come to the technical / programmatical aspect. What would be a good programmatic architecture for my different kinds of NPCs? Okay I could have a base class. Actually I think this is a good way to stick with the DRY principle. So I can have methods like WalkTo(x,y) in my base class since every NPC will be able to move. But now lets come to the real problem. Where do I implement my abilities? (remember: Build(), Farm() and Attack()) Since the abilities will consists of the same logic it would be annoying / break DRY principle to implement them for each NPC (Worker,Warrior, ..). Okay I could implement the abilities within the base class. This would require some kind of logic that verifies if a NPC can use ability X. IsBuilder, CanBuild, .. I think it is clear what I want to express. But I don't feel very well with this idea. This sounds like a bloated base class with too much functionality. I do use C# as programming language. So multiple inheritance isn't an opinion here. Means: Having extra base classes like Fisherman : Farmer, Attacker won't work.

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  • Application development : method to manage backgound process

    - by Simon Dubois
    I am developing an application with different behavior depending on the arguments : - "-config" starts a Gtk window to change options, start and close the daemon. - "-daemon" starts a background process that does something every X minutes. I already know how to use fork/system/exec etc... But I would like to know the main logic of such application to : - restart or refresh the daemon when configuration change. - keep only one instance of the daemon. I have red that killing the daemon to restart it is not a clean way to do. How other applications do ? (ubuntuone, weather forecast, rss feed working with notification area) Thanks for your help. PS : I don't want to create a system-wide daemon, just a user application with a background process.

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  • Can manager classes be a sign of bad architecture?

    - by Paul
    Lately I've begun to think that having lots of manager classes in your design is a bad thing. The idea hasn't matured enough for me to make a compelling argument, but here's a few general points: I found it's a lot harder for me to understand systems that rely heavily on "managers". This is because, in addition to the actual program components, you also have to understand how and why the manager is used. Managers, a lot of the time, seem to be used to alleviate a problem with the design, like when the programmer couldn't find a way to make the program Just WorkTM and had to rely on manager classes to make everything operate correctly. Of course, mangers can be good. An obvious example is an EventManager, one of my all time favorite constructs. :P My point is that managers seem to be overused a lot of the time, and for no good reason other than mask a problem with the program architecture. Are manager classes really a sign of bad architecture?

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  • MVVM application architecture, where to put dependency injection configuration class, BusinessLayer and Common interfaces?

    - by gt.guybrush
    Planning my architecture for an MVVM application I come to this: MyApp.UI View MyApp.BusinessLayer ViewModel MyApp.DataAccessLayer RepositoryImplEF MyApp.DomainLayer DomainObject RepositoryInterface MyApp.Common Logging Security Utility (contains some reflection method used by many levels) CustomException MyApp.UnitTest I was inspired by Domain-driven-desing, test-driven-development and onion architecture but not sure to have done all well. I am not sure of a couple of things: where to put dependency injection configuration class? In the common project? where to put BusinessLayer interfaces? in Domain layer? where to put Common interfaces? in Domain layer? But Common in referenced from domain (for some reflection utilities and for DI if the response to 1. is yes) and circular reference isn't good

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  • Windows Workflow Foundation: Recommendations how to design architecture

    - by Petr Felzmann
    We are running several the same ASP.NET applications (one per customer) based on our custom framework (libraries). Each application use its own database (Initial Catalog in the term of connection string). Now we would like to add workflow capability (of course 4.0 ;) to the applications. So the particular workflows will be the same for all the applications only some initial settings of each workflow can vary, e.g. in one application the e-mail will be send to the user X, but in other application to the user Y. I have several general questions how to design architecture: (1) Can be the workflow database shared for all the applications? (2) Where to host workflow engine - inside our custom windows NT service or inside IIS? What are the criteria to choose the right host? (3) How the workflow engine should communicate with applications? Should application call some WCF endpoint API configured in workflow host or vice verse - should each application provide WCF endpoint API and workflow engine will call it? How then the workflow engine will identify applications? Both cases requires probably some application identifier as a parameter in API calls? (4) We would like to also store some information to the application databases based on the workflow states. Is it possible? Thanks for suggestions!

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  • Enterprise Architecture IS (should not be) Arbitrary

    - by pat.shepherd
    I took a look at a blog entry today by Jordan Braunstein where he comments on another blog entry titled “Yes, “Enterprise Architecture is Relative BUT it is not Arbitrary.”  The blog makes some good points such as the following: Lock 10 architects in 10 separate rooms; provide them all an identical copy of the same business, technical, process, and system requirements; have them design an architecture under the same rules and perspectives; and I guarantee your result will be 10 different architectures of varying degrees. SOA Today: Enterprise Architecture IS Arbitrary Agreed, …to a degree….but less so if all 10 truly followed one of the widely accepted EA frameworks. My thinking is that EA frameworks all focus on getting the business goals/vision locked down first as the primary drivers for decisions made lower down the architecture stack.  Many people I talk to, know about frameworks such as TOGAF, FEA, etc. but seldom apply the tenants to the architecture at hand.  We all seem to want to get right into the Visio diagrams and boxes and arrows and connecting protocols and implementation details and lions and tigers and bears (Oh, my!) too early. If done properly the Business, Application and Information architectures are nailed down BEFORE any technological direction (SOA or otherwise) is set.  Those 3 layers and Governance (people and processes), IMHO, are layers that should not vary much as they have everything to do with understanding the business -- from which technological conclusions can later be drawn. I really like what he went on to say later in the post about the fact that architecture attempts to remove the amount of variance between the 10 different architect’s work.  That is the real heart of what EA is about; REMOVING THE ARBRITRARITY.

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  • Podcast Show Notes: Redefining Information Management Architecture

    - by Bob Rhubart-Oracle
    Nothing in IT stands still, and this is certainly true of business intelligence and information management. Big Data has certainly had an impact, as have Hadoop and other technologies. That evolution was the catalyst for the collaborative effort behind a new Information Management Reference Architecture. The latest OTN ArchBeat series features a conversation with Andrew Bond, Stewart Bryson, and Mark Rittman, key players in that collaboration. These three gentlemen know each other quite well, which comes across in a conversation that is as lively and entertaining as it is informative. But don't take my work for it. Listen for yourself! The Panelists(Listed alphabetically) Andrew Bond, head of Enterprise Architecture at Oracle Oracle ACE Director Stewart Bryson, owner and Co-Founder of Red Pill Analytics Oracle ACE Director Mark Rittman, CIO and Co-Founder of Rittman Mead The Conversation Listen to Part 1: The panel discusses how new thinking and new technologies were the catalyst for a new approach to business intelligence projects. Listen to Part 2: Why taking an "API" approach is important in building an agile data factory. Listen to Part 3: Shadow IT, "sandboxing," and how organizational changes are driving the evolution in information management architecture. Additional Resources The Reference Architecture that is the focus of this conversation is described in detail in these blog posts by Mark Rittman: Introducing the Updated Oracle / Rittman Mead Information Management Reference Architecture Part 1: Information Architecture and the Data Factory Part 2: Delivering the Data Factory Be a Guest Producer for an ArchBeat Podcast Want to be a guest producer for an OTN ArchBeat podcast? Click here to learn how to make it happen.

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  • Example: Cross Cutting Concerns of an Application

    A little while ago I was given an opportunity to design and implement a new system that sent data via an HTTP Post method and then processed the results that were returned so that they could be inserted in to a database. My system had eight core concerns that it needed to fulfill. Eight Core Concerns Database Access Data Entities Worker Result Processing Process Flow Manager Email/Notification Error Handling Logging Of these eight, five were actually cross cutting concerns. 5 Cross Cutting Concerns Database Access Data Entities Email/Notification Error Handling Logging These five cross cutting concerns were determined after I created an aspect oriented model to help identity the system components that could be factored out into separate components.  These separated components would then be included in the system so that they could be used by various other components.  These five components allow all of the other components to access the database, store data, send notifications, handle errors, and log all system events.  Thus, these components are used to share unique aspects to the system via their implementation. The use of Aspect oriented architecture greatly helped me define what components I needed to create and what each of those components could do.  It also showed how all of the other aspects depended on each other so that each component did not have to re-implement code that was already created in the existing system.

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  • spring.net application scope repository object on loadbalanced application

    - by Bert Vandamme
    Hi, We have an application running on a loadbalanced environment, let say webserver A and B. The loadbalancing is on the HTTP level, so the loadbalancer directs each user request to one of both webservers. The scope of the repositories in the application is managed by the spring.net container, and the application relies on data that can be cached by the repository (performance reasons). In this case we can never be sure that the cached data in the repositories on both webservers is the same. Is there mechanism in spring.net that can manage this kind problem? Or is there another common approach for this kind of thing? Any ideas? Thx, Bert

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  • Application Server or Lightweight Container?

    - by Jeff Storey
    Let me preface this by saying this is not an actual situation of mine but I'm asking this question more for my own knowledge and to get other people's inputs here. I've used both Spring and EJB3/JBoss, and for the smaller types of applications I've built, Spring (+Tomcat when needed) has been much simpler to use. However, when scaling up to larger applications that require things like load balancing and clustering, is Spring still a viable solution? Or is it time to turn to a solution like EJB3/JBoss when you start to get big enough to need that? I'm not sure if I've scoped the problem well enough to get a good answer, so please let me know. Thanks, Jeff

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  • JavaEE Application Server or Lightweight Container?

    - by Jeff Storey
    Let me preface this by saying this is not an actual situation of mine but I'm asking this question more for my own knowledge and to get other people's inputs here. I've used both Spring and EJB3/JBoss, and for the smaller types of applications I've built, Spring (+Tomcat when needed) has been much simpler to use. However, when scaling up to larger applications that require things like load balancing and clustering, is Spring still a viable solution? Or is it time to turn to a solution like EJB3/JBoss when you start to get big enough to need that? I'm not sure if I've scoped the problem well enough to get a good answer, so please let me know. Thanks, Jeff

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  • Should one use a separate database for application data and user data?

    - by trycatch
    I’ve been working on a project for a little while and I’m unsure which is the better architecture. I’m interested in the consensus. The answer to me seems fairly obvious but something about it is digging at me and I can't pick out what. The TL;DR is: how do you handle a program with application data and user data in the same DB which needs to be able to receive updates to the application data periodically? One database for user data and one for application, or both in one? The detailed version is.. if an application has a database which needs to maintain application data AND user data, and the user data all references application data, it feels more natural to me to store them in the same database. But if there exists a need to be able to update the application data within this database periodically, should this be stripped into two databases so that one can simply download the updated application data database file as an update and replace the old one? Or should they remain as one database, and the application data be updated via a script which inserts the new data into the existing database? The second sounds clearly preferable to me... but for some reason just doesn’t feel right, and I can't pick out quite why.

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  • What enterprise architecture tools support DoDAF 2.0?

    - by David Hunt
    What tools best support the DoD Architecture Framework (DoDAF) Version 2.0, including support for transfer of the architecture data in accordance with the DoDAF Meta Model (DM2) Physical Exchange Specification (PES)? My initial research found that MagicDraw and Casewise claim support for version 2.0; and several other tools have support for earlier (or unspecified) DoDAF/MoDAF versions including Sparx Enterprise Architect, Troux, IDS Scheer ARIS, Artisan Studio and Rational System Architect. Experiences with any enterprise architecture tools and DoDAF 2.0 would be appreciated. The immediate need is for Data and Information Viewpoint models (DIV-1, DIV-2/OV-7, DIV-3/SV-11), but models in the other Viewpoints will be developed. Thanks -

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  • Reasons not to use MVC architecture for web application

    - by jaywon
    In the past I have primarily built all my web applications using an N-tier architecture, implementing the BLL and DAL layers. Recently, I have started doing some RoR development as well as looking into ASP.NET MVC. I understand the differences between the different architectures(as referenced by some other SO posts), but I can't really think of any reasons why I wouldn't choose an MVC model going forward. Is there any reasons/times in your experience when an MVC architecture would not be suitable, or any reasons why you would choose a BLL/DAL architecture instead?

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  • Cloud Agnostic Architecture?

    - by Dave
    Hi, I'm doing some architecture work on a new solution which will initially run in Windows Azure. However I'd like the solution (or at least the architecture/design) to be Cloud Agnostic (to whatever extent is realistic). Has anyone done any work on this front or seen any good white papers/blog posts? Our highlevel architecture will consist of a payload being sent to a web service (WCF for instance), this will be dumped on a queue (for arguments sake) and a worker process will grab messages off this queue and proccess them. There will be a database of customer information which we'd ideally like to keep out of the cloud however there are obvious performance considerations. Keen to hear other's thoughts. Cheers Dave

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  • Web application architecture, and application servers?

    - by seanieb
    Hi, I'm building a web application, and I need to use an architecture that allows me to run it on two servers. The application scrapes information from other sites periodically, and on input from the end user. To do this I'm using Php+curl to scrape the information, Php or python to parse it and store the results in a MySQLDB. Then I will use Python to run some algorithms on the data, this will happen both periodically and on input from the end user. I'm going to cache some of the results in the MySQL DB and sometimes if it is specific to the user, skip storing the data and serve it to the user. I'm think of using Php for the website front end on a separate web server, running the Php spider, MySQL DB and python on another server. As you can see I'm fairly clueless. I'm familiar with using Php, MySQL and the basics of Python, but bringing this all together using something more complex than a cron job is new to me. How do go about implementing this? What frame work(s) should I use? Is MVC a good architecture for this? (I'm new to MVC, architectures etc.) Is Cakephp a good solution? If so will I be able to control and monitor the Python code using it?

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