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  • Munin "Available entropy" when using address space layout randomization

    - by clawspoon
    Having just configured munin for statistics logging on my gentoo server (hardened profile), I am noticing that my "Available entropy" is consitently in the 200-300 range. This seems way to low, so I checked it manually using the command $ cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail 3544 Odd. Consistently very low values in Munin and practically filled up when checking manually. After thinking about the problem for a while I came to the conclusion that the problem is probably that I'm using Adress Space Layout Randomization which is using the entropy when running commands/programs. Since Munin runs a whole slew of programs all the entropy is used up, and Munin then measures how much entropy there is, resulting in the low values. Does anyone have any experience with this? How can this be avoided?

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  • Calculating IOPS for a single HDD - what am I doing wrong?

    - by red888
    So I know there is no standardized way of calculating IOPS for a HDD, but from everything I have read it appears one of the most accurate formulas is the following: IOP/ms = + {rotational latency} + ({block size} / {data transfer rate}) Which is IOs per millisecond or what the book I've been reading calls "Disk Service Time". Also rotational latency is calculated as half of one rotation in milliseconds. This was taken from the EMC book "Information Storage and Management" -arguably a pretty reliable source right\wrong? Putting this formula into practice consider this Seagate data sheet. I am going to calculate IOPS for the ST3000DM001 model for a block size of 4kb: Seek Average (Write) = 9.5 -I'll measuring IOPS for writes Spindle speed = 7200rpm Average Data Rate = 156MB/s So my variables are: Seek Time = 9.5ms Rotational latency = (.5 / (7200rpm / 60)) = 0.004s = 4ms Data Rate = 156MB/s = (0.156MB/ms / 0.004MB) = 39 9.5ms + 4ms + 39 = IO/ms 52.5 1 / (52.5 * 0.001) = 19 IOPS 19 IOPS for this drive clearly is not right so what am I doing wrong?

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  • EEE PC 701/4G Surf Internal Drive: Is it really SSD?

    - by Bart Silverstrim
    I have an old EEE PC with the 4 Gig internal drive. Everything I've read keeps saying it's an SSD drive; running lshw tells me that it's an ATA disk, Silicon Motion SM. The thing seems to be rather slow, though. I know it has a 900 Mhz Celeron processor and only 512 meg of RAM, but it seems like drive access is slow even for those specs. Does anyone know if it really has an SSD drive? I thought that compared to regular hard disks SSD's were blazing fast, and this feels like and acts like it's pulling from something more akin to an internal USB memory stick.

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  • CentOS default installation gave 60% disk space to tmpfs partition

    - by garconcn
    I installed a CentOS server which will be used for xen hypervisor. The server has two Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5620 and 148G memory. The OS was installed on a 120G SSD drive. After the installation, I found that the tmpfs partition occupied about 60% of the drive. Even though I don't need much space for the OS, will there be any problem with 71G tmp partition? Thanks for any comment. [root@cloud ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 55G 1.1G 51G 3% / /dev/sda1 99M 13M 82M 14% /boot tmpfs 71G 0 71G 0% /dev/shm

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  • Easiest way to move my Windows installation to an SSD?

    - by Jon Artus
    I've taken the plunge and bought an SSD and want to move my existing Windows installation over. The current hard disk is 500Gb, but I've trimmed the contents down to about ~40Gb. I'm transferring it across to a 100Gb SSD and looking for the easiest way just to copy everything across and set the SSD up as a boot device. I've looked at a few tools like Macrium Reflect, but they don't seem able to restore to a smaller drive. Do I need to go for something like PING to do this? I'm trying to avoid scary Linux-based boot utilities if possible, does anyone know of an easier way?

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  • Losing partitions after every reboot

    - by Winston Smith
    I have an Acer laptop with one hard disk, which up until yesterday had 4 partitions: Recovery Partition (13GB) C: (140GB) D: (130GB) OEM Partition (10GB) I read that the OEM partition has all the stuff needed to restore the laptop to the factory settings, but since I'd already created restore disks and I needed the space, I wanted to get rid of it. Yesterday, I used diskpart to do that. In diskpart, I selected the OEM partition and issued the delete partition override command which removed it. Then I extended the D: partition into the unused space using windows disk management. Everything worked fine, until I rebooted my laptop, at which point the D: drive vanished. Looking in windows disk management again, I can see that there's an OEM partition of 140GB, which is obviously my D: drive. So I used EASEUS Partition Master and assigned a drive letter to the 'OEM' partition and I was able to access my files again. However, every time I reboot, it reverts back. How do I fix this permanently?

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  • Disk space mismatch on OS X Server (Leopard)

    - by John Gardeniers
    My Nagios system sent me an alert to inform me that the disk space on one of the drives on our OS X server is very low. When I run df /Volumes/Apps/ I get /dev/disk0s3 117209520 114932472 2277048 99% /Volumes/Apps When I run du -c /Volumes/Apps it reports 11489944 total Why might there be such a vast difference? Even more importantly, how do I find the problem and what can I do about it? I'm essentially just a Windows admin, so am well out of my comfort zone here. I use a Mac but I'm not a Mac admin in any real sense of the word.

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  • Formatting a disk for Macintosh using Linux

    - by Ken Bloom
    I've been asked to move data from an old external hard drive to a new one, and to make the new one compatible with the Macintosh. (The old drive's USB connection has died, and I'm connecting to old the drive using a PC card that provieds an eSATA to the drive. The recipient's Macintosh doesn't have a PC card slot, so she can't access the old drive anymore. Hence, the new drive.) Naturally, I'm doing this data transfer using Linux. I've discovered that I can format the drive as HFS+ using mkfs.hfsplus from the hfsprogs package. But I need to know: do I need to do anything special with the partition table? Is there a special Macintosh partition table format that I need to format this disk to? If so, what tools can I use to get the right format for the partition table?

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  • BSOD constantly with same ntoskrnl.exe error and disk indicator is frozen

    - by Sheep
    BSOD constantly and the disk indicator is frozen. Error do not happen immediately, usually an hour after boot up. Here is the Minidump: Bug Check Code = 0x00000124 Caused By Driver = ntoskrnl.exe Caused By Address = ntoskrnl.exe+4b094c Crash Address = ntoskrnl.exe+4b094c Seems to be hardware problem, but I checked RAM, no error. I have two HDs installed, system is on SSD, data is on HDD. Checked SSD with the properties-tools-error-checking , no error. Re-installed several times, still happens even after removed HDD. Configuration: SSD: Crucial M4-CT064M4SSD2 with Firmware 0009 Intel HM65 CPU: i7-2630QM The SSD is set correctly, SATA III 6Gb/s enabled, and everything worked perfectly for nearly a year.

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  • Disable or sleep secondary HDD in Macbook

    - by cpak
    I've done some quick Googling but didn't find an answer. I've put an SSD in my Macbook, and at the same time moved the original HDD to the optical drive bay. I'm running the OS and most of my daily apps off the SDD so the HDD is really just for storing stuff I need now and then. Now I'd like to disable (as in power off or "force sleep") the HDD when I don't need it. Tried unmounting the disk using diskutil unmountDisk but it kept spinning for like 10 minutes. Maybe that's to be expected, but I'd imagined it would stop instantly on unmount. Also, it would be nice to have it disabled by default, and only mount it (= power on) when I need it. Grateful for any input on this!

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  • What are performance limits of a database?

    - by Tommy
    What are some rough performance limits (read/s, write/s) for a single database server (no master-slave architecture), assuming storage on disk? How many read/s, write/s, depending on the kind of disk? (SSD vs non-SSD) , assuming simple operations (select one row by primary key, update one row, correctly indexed). I assume this limit is dependent on disk seek/write. EDIT: My question is more about getting rough metrics of the number of operations a database supports: to be able to know for example, if a new feature triggering 300 inserts/s can be supported without scaling out with additional servers.

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  • Redundant Web Space

    - by alisia123
    I have following problem. My domain is registred on service "A" My web-space (not a server) is on Godaddy. Once a week is my service unreacheble I am sure that is godaddy problem. My idea is to by some webspace of one different service to make my service redundant. Note: My service is only few html files with javascrit. I dont' need to sync But how to do it? Whre do I have to say "there are two webspaces, if one is not reacheble, so use the other" ? Thanks a lot

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  • Motherboard rejects identical hard drive, one works the other doesn't

    - by Payson Welch
    I have an interesting situation. I have a Dell XS23-SB server that has four blades in it. The blades use Supermicro X7DWT motherboards, and interface with the sata drives through a backplane. I took two identical drives from a raid 0 enclosure that came from the factory (GDrive), one works on all four servers, the other does not. I verified that they both work by plugging them into a hard drive cradle. This behavior can be repeated with other drives, some drives work and some don't. However when i test them, they ALL work on my PC. What could cause this?

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  • Ubuntu on an XPS 14 Ultrabook with mSATA cache and 500GB HD - how to partition for dual boot?

    - by JDS
    I am getting an XPS 14 ( http://www.dell.com/us/p/xps-14-l421x/pd ) and I want to dual-boot Windows and Ubuntu. This thing has a 500GB standard HD and a 32GB mSATA that can be used as cache. Does anyone know how this thing is partitioned? Is the OS installed on the mSATA drive and data is on the big HD? Is there a BIOS controller or maybe even a Windows driver that makes the mSATA drive and 500GB HD appear contiguous? I get the impression that something makes the mSATA be used invisibly as cache, but I can't find any technical documentation how that works. My primary concern here is wrt dual-booting Ubuntu. I want to know if I need to partition the mSATA separately, or the big HD, or just partition the "magic" contiguous disk space that appears available to the OS.

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  • VMWare guest OS is not using full hard drive space

    - by syuusuke
    Hey everyone, I'm wondering if you can give me some insight on how to figure this out. I've recently virtualized a w2k3 server that had 10GB C:\ drive size. Once I finished virtualizing it, I expanded the disk to 20GB for C:\ and within guest OS (W2K3) computer management settings, you can see it recognizes as 20GB partition C:. But for some reason, if I opened windows explorer and see the properties of C:\, it will only show total size of 10GB. Does anyone know how to solve this or even had this problem before?

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  • DDRescue on Windows or another options like DDRescue for Windows

    - by Frank Thornton
    I have a drive with failed sectors ect... I can't image it with Acronis as it hangs. I can't with Knoppiz it hangs. CHKDSK hangs. I want to use DDRescure but I don't have any Linux boxes running at the moment. I could do is in a VM but that seems like it would be slow and problematic? Are there any ways I can data recovery this disk from my Windows machine or is there an ideal way to work with DDRescue on Windows?

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  • Can I lose files when changing security on an XP drive within Windows 7?

    - by Will
    Hard to come up with a title for this one, sheesh. Have a friend whose computer went down. He asked me to get all his data off his drive. His old computer was running XP. So, I've plugged it into my Windows 7 computer. When I attempt to open up his Documents and Settings folder, I get prompted to elevate in order to "permanently get access to this folder." If I do this, will I be able to access the files in this directory, or will all the current files be lost? I may be overly paranoid about this, but I can't find any information about exactly what will happen when I do this. TIA.

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  • Colored blocks on boot

    - by stackzerad
    When my laptop tries to boot right after POST I see colored blocks with flashing symbols in them. I am able to boot from windows PE cd. Tried fixboot and fixmbr with no success. I have also tried replacing boot files (ntldr, io.sys etc..) and removing video card drivers from windows\system32\drivers. The drive is seagate 2.5 ATA 160GB and has one NTFS partition on it. I have already fixed this issue by reformating the drive and reinstalling everything but after couple of weeks I get the same issue again. The diagnostics software shows no bad sectors on it and virus scan didn't find anything. Does anybody have an idea what this might be? UPDATE: tried defragmenting the hard drive just in case, but still no luck

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  • UUID in Mountain Lion

    - by Naji
    I am trying to find my external HDD UUID in Mountain Lion but diskutil info /dev/disk1s1 returns: Najis-MacBook-Air:~ ****$ diskutil info disk1s1 Device Identifier: disk1s1 Device Node: /dev/disk1s1 Part of Whole: disk1 Device / Media Name: Untitled 1 Volume Name: My Book Escaped with Unicode: My%FF%FE%20%00Book Mounted: Yes Mount Point: /Volumes/My Book Escaped with Unicode: /Volumes/My%FF%FE%20%00Book File System Personality: NTFS Type (Bundle): ntfs Name (User Visible): Windows NT File System (NTFS) Partition Type: Windows_NTFS OS Can Be Installed: No Media Type: Generic Protocol: USB SMART Status: Not Supported Total Size: 2.0 TB (2000364240896 Bytes) (exactly 3906961408 512-Byte-Blocks) Volume Free Space: 212.5 GB (212506509312 Bytes) (exactly 415051776 512-Byte-Blocks) Device Block Size: 512 Bytes Read-Only Media: No Read-Only Volume: Yes Ejectable: Yes Whole: No Internal: No And there is no UUID. What is wrong exactly? Thank you.

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  • Same SCSI drive appears multiple times on the controller list

    - by ohad
    Hi, I have an Adaptec AHA-2940UW SCSI adapter, to which I connected a single Atlas 10K III drive (and nothing more). When my computer loads up, the pre-OS Adaptec screen shows (I believe this is called the POST screen), where I can see the Atlas drive listed many times (i.e. with ID0, ID1, ... ID5, ID7, ID8,...,ID15 [ID6 is the adapter itself]) Using the same HD on an Adaptec AHA-2940UB the disk only shows once Since my OS hasn't been installed yet, I'm not sure if this is a problem (I would guess it is), and if so - how to solve it. Termination and multiple LUNs come mind, but the cable provides termination and I don't see why a hard drive would request multiple LUNs, especially considering it is not jumpered at all, and multuple LUN support is disabled in the Adaptec controller BIOS (via the SCSISelect utility) Thank you

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  • Alerting when a RAID Array disk fails locally on VMWare ESX or ESXi System

    - by Tim K
    With ESX and ESXi, we recently had two systems where that the boot partition became degraded due to a failed disk. The only alert we managed to capture was the visual alert on the Dell servers. We failed to received any electronic alerts regarding the failed or degraded array. Does anyone have any experience with monitoring for these types of failures? In both cases, the servers were running in a RAID 5 SCSI configuration (5 disks on one system, 3 disks on another) which if we were running a Windows Server OS, we would have had an alert created in the Eventviewer. Where would I begin to look for this solution. Can it be configured in VCenter or vFoglight?

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  • How to tell if linux disk IO is causing excessive (> 1 second) application stalls

    - by noahz
    I have a Java application performing a large volume (hundreds of MB) of continuous output (streaming plain text) to about a dozen files a ext3 SAN filesystem. Occasionally, this application pauses for several seconds at a time. I suspect that something related to ext3 vsfs (Veritas Filesystem) functionality (and/or how it interacts with the OS) is the culprit. What steps can I take to confirm or refute this theory? I am aware of iostat and /proc/diskstats as starting points. Revised title to de-emphasize journaling and emphasize "stalls" I have done some googling and found at least one article that seems to describe behavior like I am observing: Solving the ext3 latency problem Additional Information Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.3 (Tikanga) Kernel: 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5 Primary application disk is fiber-channel SAN: lspci | grep -i fibre 14:00.0 Fibre Channel: Emulex Corporation Saturn-X: LightPulse Fibre Channel Host Adapter (rev 03) Mount info: type vxfs (rw,tmplog,largefiles,mincache=tmpcache,ioerror=mwdisable) 0 0 cat /sys/block/VxVM123456/queue/scheduler noop anticipatory [deadline] cfq

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  • Operating System Not Found - BIOS recognizes, Live OS doesn't (Laptop)

    - by Klaus Borges
    Here's the deal: I have a multi-partitioned hard drive on my laptop set up with GRUB. I got a blue-screen while working on Windows 7 and when rebooting I got the Operating System Not Found error message. I rebooted the computer once again and entered the BIOS setup just to see if recognized my HDD - it did. Next step for me was booting a Live CD and seeing if I could repair GRUB or at least check if something changed on the partitions, but it doesn't seem to recognize anything there. Tried blkid, fdisk -l, not even GParted can see it. What should I do?

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  • "Disk Not Found" Error when trying to install iso image of CentOs on ESXI using VSphere

    - by kamal
    When trying to install CentOs setup as an iso image on datastore, i get an error : "Disk Not Found". I am using ESXi 4.1 as host VM. Is there a way to attach DVD/CD as iso image ? I tried "Connect at Power on" Checked and Connect CD/DVD on the VSphere Console, but i still am unable ot get the iso image recognized as a DVD mounted image: Solved: if i look at the image size, it was 11 MB, so it WAS a boot iso, but nithing else, if we compare it with other boot images with complete iso's therein lies the solution. This boot.iso was from rBUILD/Conary packaging

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  • Online Windows Server Virtual Hard Drive Images for Use with VMWare Server 1.0

    - by charfeddine.ahmed
    Hello there, I have a remote Server running the VMWare hypervisor. I want to create a virtual machine running Windows Server. However I can't upload mine since my internet connection is slow (would take me days to do the upload). Microsoft has public hard drive images with Windows Server Trial on them, but they work for Virtual PC. I am looking for such files that can be used with VMWare Server. That case I can download these files directly to the server which enjoys a fast connection. Thanks in advance.

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