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  • Recalling import in module

    - by Isaiah
    I'm still learning python and after playing around with pygame I noticed I'm re-importing things in modules I'm importing that I've already imported. import pygame For instance I have some classes in a separate file, but I must also import pygame into that file too for them to work. Does it actually import the code twice? Will it slow down my program? Or does it just pull the same import from before, but if it does that, why would I need to import it? Is there anything like (load) in lisp that just pulls in the code like it is part of the main file? Thank You

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  • file_operations Question, how do i know if a process that opened a file for writing has decided to c

    - by djTeller
    Hi Kernel Gurus, I'm currently writing a simple "multicaster" module. Only one process can open a proc filesystem file for writing, and the rest can open it for reading. To do so i use the inode_operation .permission callback, I check the operation and when i detect someone open a file for writing I set a flag ON. i need a way to detect if a process that opened a file for writing has decided to close the file so i can set the flag OFF, so someone else can open for writing. Currently in case someone is open for writing i save the current-pid of that process and when the .close callback is called I check if that process is the one I saved earlier. Is there a better way to do that? Without saving the pid, perhaps checking the files that the current process has opened and it's permission... Thanks!

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  • How to write an R function that evaluates an expression within a data-frame

    - by Prasad Chalasani
    Puzzle for the R cognoscenti: Say we have a data-frame: df <- data.frame( a = 1:5, b = 1:5 ) I know we can do things like with(df, a) to get a vector of results. But how do I write a function that takes an expression (such as a or a > 3) and does the same thing inside. I.e. I want to write a function fn that takes a data-frame and an expression as arguments and returns the result of evaluating the expression "within" the data-frame as an environment. Never mind that this sounds contrived (I could just use with as above), but this is just a simplified version of a more complex function I am writing. I tried several variants ( using eval, with, envir, substitute, local, etc) but none of them work. For example if I define fn like so: fn <- function(dat, expr) { eval(expr, envir = dat) } I get this error: > fn( df, a ) Error in eval(expr, envir = dat) : object 'a' not found Clearly I am missing something subtle about environments and evaluation. Is there a way to define such a function?

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  • Python function argument scope (Dictionaries v. Strings)

    - by Shaun Meyer
    Hello, given: foo = "foo" def bar(foo): foo = "bar" bar(foo) print foo # foo is still "foo"... foo = {'foo':"foo"} def bar(foo): foo['foo'] = "bar" bar(foo) print foo['foo'] # foo['foo'] is now "bar"? I have a function that has been inadvertently over-writing my function parameters when I pass a dictionary. Is there a clean way to declare my parameters as constant or am I stuck making a copy of the dictionary within the function? Thanks!

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  • Linking to a section of a site that is hidden by a hide/show JavaScript function

    - by hollyb
    I am using a bit of JavaScript to show/hide sections of a site when a tab is clicked. I'm trying to figure out if there is a way I can link back to the page and have a certain tab open based on that link. Here is the JS: var ids=new Array('section1','section2','section3','section4'); function switchid(id, el){ hideallids(); showdiv(id); var li = el.parentNode.parentNode.childNodes[0]; while (li) { if (!li.tagName || li.tagName.toLowerCase() != "li") li = li.nextSibling; // skip the text node if (li) { li.className = ""; li = li.nextSibling; } } el.parentNode.className = "active"; } function hideallids(){ //loop through the array and hide each element by id for (var i=0;i<ids.length;i++){ hidediv(ids[i]); } } function hidediv(id) { //safe function to hide an element with a specified id document.getElementById(id).style.display = 'none'; } function showdiv(id) { //safe function to show an element with a specified id document.getElementById(id).style.display = 'block'; } And the HTML <ul> <li class="active"><a onclick="switchid('section1', this);return false;">One</a></li> <li><a onclick="switchid('section2', this);return false;">Two</a></li> <li><a onclick="switchid('section3', this);return false;">Three</a></li> <li><a onclick="switchid('section4', this);return false;">Four</a></li> </ul> <div id="section1" style="display:block;"> <div id="section2" style="display:none;"> <div id="section3" style="display:none;"> <div id="section4" style="display:none;"> I haven't been able to come up with a way to link back to a specific section. Is it even possible with this method? Thanks!

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  • PHP5: restrict access to function to certain classes

    - by Tim
    Is there a way in PHP5 to only allow a certain class or set of classes to call a particular function? For example, let's say I have three classes ("Foo", "Bar", and "Baz"), all with similarly-named methods, and I want Bar to be able to call Foo::foo() but deny Baz the ability to make that call: class Foo { static function foo() { print "foo"; } } class Bar { static function bar() { Foo::foo(); print "bar"; } // Should work } class Baz { static function baz() { Foo::foo; print "baz"; } // Should fail } Foo::foo(); // Should also fail There's not necessarily inheritance between Foo, Bar, and Baz, so the use of protected or similar modifiers won't help; however, the methods aren't necessarily static (I made them so here for the simplicity of the example).

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  • JavaScript: function returning NAN

    - by Michael
    I'm working on a codecademy.com lesson with instructions to write the calculateTotal function below. When I click run, it's returning NaN. Anyone know what's wrong with the calculateTotal function as I wrote it that's making it return NaN. Note, I understand that NaN means not a number... // runner times var carlos = [9.6,10.6,11.2,10.3,11.5]; var liu = [10.6,11.2,9.4,12.3,10.1]; var timothy = [12.2,11.8,12.5,10.9,11.1]; // declare your function calculateTotal here var calculateTotal = function(raceTimes){ var totalTime; for(i = 0; i < raceTimes.length; i++){ totalTime += raceTimes[i]; return totalTime; } }; var liuTotal = calculateTotal(liu); console.log(liuTotal);

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  • Relationships via Email Rather Than User List

    - by Bob Lerner
    I'm new at Drupal, so I may have missed a solution despite a lot of research: I want users to be able to invite non-users and other users into a named relationship they've set up (using e.g. the Friendlist or User Relationships module) using only email addresses and not the user list. I believe that invitations from both of those modules are done only after the inviter selects the invitee after selecting the invitee from a list of all users. Frankly, I would be surprised if no email solution exists since a large site's user list would be daunting. Does anyone know if this is possible using Organic Groups? Thanks very much.

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  • JavaScript inheritance extend function

    - by Zach
    I'm having some trouble understanding the IF clause at the end of this function from Pro JavaScript Design Patterns: function extend(subClass, superClass) { var F = function() {}; F.prototype = superClass.prototype; subClass.prototype = new F(); subClass.prototype.constructor = subClass; subClass.superclass = superClass.prototype; if(superClass.prototype.constructor == Object.prototype.constructor) { superClass.prototype.constructor = superClass; } } The book explains that these lines ensure that the superclass's constructor attribute is correctly set, even if the superclass is the Object class itself. Yet, if I omit those three lines and do the following: function SubClass() {}; extend(SubClass, Object); alert(Object.prototype.constructor == Object); The alert says 'true', which means the superclass's constructor is set correctly even without those last three lines. Under what conditions, then, does this IF statement do something useful? Thanks.

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  • JavaScript: How is "function x() {}" different from "x = function() {}" ?

    - by jleedev
    In the answers to this question, we read that function f() {} defines the name locally, while [var] f = function() {} defines it globally. That makes perfect sense to me, but there's some strange behavior that's different between the two declarations. I made an HTML page with the script onload = function() { alert("hello"); } and it worked as expected. When I changed it to function onload() { alert("hello"); } nothing happened. (Firefox still fired the event, but WebKit, Opera, and Internet Explorer didn't, although frankly I've no idea which is correct.) In both cases (in all browsers), I could verify that both window.onload and onload were set to the function. In both cases, the global object this is set to the window, and I no matter how I write the declaration, the window object is receiving the property just fine. What's going on here? Why does one declaration work differently from the other? Is this a quirk of the JavaScript language, the DOM, or the interaction between the two?

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  • django url from another template than the one associated with the view-function

    - by dana
    Heyy there, i have an application, and in my urls.py i have something like that: urlpatterns = patterns('', url(r'^profile_view/(?P<id>\d+)/$', profile_view, name='profile_view'),) meaning that the profile_view function has id as a parameter. Now, i want to call that function from another template than the one associated with the def-view that has this url. How should i do that? i have to put two render_to_response to one same function, in order to render the objects from both models? thank you!

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  • force exit from readline() function.

    - by Sasun Hambardzumyan
    I am writing program in c++ which runs GNU readline in separate thread. When main thread is exited I need to finish the thread in which readline() function is called. The readline() function is returned only when standart input came (enter pressed). Is there any way to send input to application or explicitly return from readline function? Thanks in advance.

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  • Javascript function question

    - by Raj
    I searched but couldn't find an answer to this seemingly easy question, so... Suppose I have a loop in which I need to set callbacks. My callback function looks like this: function callback(var1) { // code } Now my loop is something like this: for( //condition) { var x = something_different_each_time; document.getElementById('foo').addEventListener('click', function() { callback(x); }, false); } Now it looks like even if the loop runs n times, the anonymous function is compiled only once -- and hence every invocation of callback is called with the same argument (even though x varies in the loop every time). I must be missing something here.. any help is greatly appreciated! :)

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  • Attaching a jquery function to some textboxes

    - by diver-d
    I am a newbie to jquery and need a little help. I have created the below function which does what I want it to however when I select a textbox every other textbox are automatically selected. How do I change it and pass a parameter from the textbox so only the selected textboxes css changes on focus and blur? <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> $(function () { $('.myTextBox').focus(function () { $('.box.textbox').addClass("active"); }).blur(function () { $('.box.textbox').removeClass("active"); }); }); </script>

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  • Drupal, custom formatter module: PHP has encountered an Access Violation

    - by Patrick
    hi, I'm having a problem with custom formatters in Drupal. I'm using a custom formatter on a CCK file file with the following content: but when I select it to use I get an internal server error: PHP has encountered an Access Violation at 16B357F9 Please note: 1) It sometimes worked, but the page becomes soon unavailable after a while 2) I've tried to replace the custom formatter content with a simple Hello and I get the error anyway, so it should not be related to the content. 3) I'm using another custom formatter with another CCK field and it doesn't give any error. Thanks

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  • How to make sketching kind module in java?

    - by Nitz
    Hey Guys I am trying to make one software on which user can make any sketch and make any drawing kind of thing. i am trying to get reference from this two great software. 1. Notelab 2. Jarnal But both having great and many facility in it. But In my software i want only sketching-drawing, so how to do that? I tried to use Canvas but i don't get how to use it?

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  • jQuery function only inside a specific div ID

    - by user412481
    I have the following function that I only want to run inside a specific div with the id of imgWrapper. I have tried a few things with parent but I cannot seem to figure this out. <script type="text/javascript" language="javascript"> $(document).ready( function () { $("img").each(function () { var src = $(this).attr("src"); if (src.substring(0, 1) == "/") $(this).attr("src", "http://serverName.com/" + src.substring(1)) }); } ); </script>

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  • JQuery .load() function silently fails when offline

    - by edoloughlin
    I'm trying to write an iPhone offline webapp using jqtouch/jquery. When I disable my connectivity, it looks like the jquery .load() function silently fails and doesn't even call its callback function. I've set $.ajaxSetup ({cache: true}); but it seems to have no effect. I also have my manifest file etc. working fine - the only issue is the .load() function. Any ideas?

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