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  • SQL Server PowerShell Provider follows the Version of PowerShell on the Host and other errata

    - by BuckWoody
    There may be some misunderstanding on how the PowerShell Provider for SQL Server works. I’ve written an article or two explaining that you can use PowerShell with SQL Server, without having the SQL Server 2008 (or higher) provider around. After all, PowerShell just uses .NET, and SQL Server “Server Management Objects” or SMO listen to that interface as well. In SQL Server 2008 and higher we created a “MiniShell” for PowerShell that gives you the ability to treat a SQL Server Instance as a drive (called a “Provider” or path or drive) and a few commands (called command-lets). Using these two simple constructs you can move around SQL Server quickly and work with the objects it holds. I read the other day where someone stated that we had “re-compiled” PowerShell, so that you would have version 1.0 from SQL Server and 2.0 on your new server. Not so! Drop to a SQLPS prompt and a PowerShell prompt and type this in each: $PSVersionTable They should return the same value. You can think of a MiniShell as simply a compiled “profile” that gives you those providers and command-lets automatically – that’s all. In fact, you can load the SMO libraries yourself without the SQL Server 2008 Provider anywhere in sight. I do this all the time, since the MiniShell also has other restrictions. Also remember that if you run a PowerShell script as a SQL Agent Job step type (in 2008 and higher) that you’re running under the context of the account that starts Agent – I think most folks know this, but it’s good to keep in mind. There’s a re-written section of Books Online that goes over working with this very nicely – also covers the question “How to I connect to another server using the SQL Server PowerShell Provider” (hint: It’s just CD) and “How do I load all the SMO stuff if I don’t want to use the Provider” and more. Be sure and check out the note at the bottom that explains the firewall exceptions you’ll need to enable to CD to that remote server. Here’s that link: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc281947.aspx Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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  • Merge replication stopping without errors in SQL 2008 R2

    - by Rob Farley
    A non-SQL MVP friend of mine, who also happens to be a client, asked me for some help again last week. I was planning on writing this up even before Rob Volk (@sql_r) listed his T-SQL Tuesday topic for this month. Earlier in the year, I (well, LobsterPot Solutions, although I’d been the person mostly involved) had helped out with a merge replication problem. The Merge Agent on the subscriber was just stopping every time, shortly after it started. With no errors anywhere – not in the Windows Event Log, the SQL Agent logs, not anywhere. We’d managed to get the system working again, but didn’t have a good reason about what had happened, and last week, the problem occurred again. I asked him about writing up the experience in a blog post, largely because of the red herrings that we encountered. It was an interesting experience for me, also because I didn’t end up touching my computer the whole time – just tapping on my phone via Twitter and Live Msgr. You see, the thing with replication is that a useful troubleshooting option is to reinitialise the thing. We’d done that last time, and it had started to work again – eventually. I say eventually, because the link being used between the sites is relatively slow, and it took a long while for the initialisation to finish. Meanwhile, we’d been doing some investigation into what the problem could be, and were suitably pleased when the problem disappeared. So I got a message saying that a replication problem had occurred again. Reinitialising wasn’t going to be an option this time either. In this scenario, the subscriber having the problem happened to be in a different domain to the publisher. The other subscribers (within the domain) were fine, just this one in a different domain had the problem. Part of the problem seemed to be a log file that wasn’t being backed up properly. They’d been trying to back up to a backup device that had a corruption, and the log file was growing. Turned out, this wasn’t related to the problem, but of course, any time you’re troubleshooting and you see something untoward, you wonder. Having got past that problem, my next thought was that perhaps there was a problem with the account being used. But the other subscribers were using the same account, without any problems. The client pointed out that that it was almost exactly six months since the last failure (later shown to be a complete red herring). It sounded like something might’ve expired. Checking through certificates and trusts showed no sign of anything, and besides, there wasn’t a problem running a command-prompt window using the account in question, from the subscriber box. ...except that when he ran the sqlcmd –E –S servername command I recommended, it failed with a Named Pipes error. I’ve seen problems with firewalls rejecting connections via Named Pipes but letting TCP/IP through, so I got him to look into SQL Configuration Manager to see what kind of connection was being preferred... Everything seemed fine. And strangely, he could connect via Management Studio. Turned out, he had a typo in the servername of the sqlcmd command. That particular red herring must’ve been reflected in his cheeks as he told me. During the time, I also pinged a friend of mine to find out who I should ask, and Ted Kruger (@onpnt) ‘s name came up. Ted (and thanks again, Ted – really) reconfirmed some of my thoughts around the idea of an account expiring, and also suggesting bumping up the logging to level 4 (2 is Verbose, 4 is undocumented ridiculousness). I’d just told the client to push the logging up to level 2, but the log file wasn’t appearing. Checking permissions showed that the user did have permission on the folder, but still no file was appearing. Then it was noticed that the user had been switched earlier as part of the troubleshooting, and switching it back to the real user caused the log file to appear. Still no errors. A lot more information being pushed out, but still no errors. Ted suggested making sure the FQDNs were okay from both ends, in case the servers were unable to talk to each other. DNS problems can lead to hassles which can stop replication from working. No luck there either – it was all working fine. Another server started to report a problem as well. These two boxes were both SQL 2008 R2 (SP1), while the others, still working, were SQL 2005. Around this time, the client tried an idea that I’d shown him a few years ago – using a Profiler trace to see what was being called on the servers. It turned out that the last call being made on the publisher was sp_MSenumschemachange. A quick interwebs search on that showed a problem that exists in SQL Server 2008 R2, when stored procedures have more than 4000 characters. Running that stored procedure (with the same parameters) manually on SQL 2005 listed three stored procedures, the first of which did indeed have more than 4000 characters. Still no error though, and the problem as listed at http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2539378 describes an error that should occur in the Event log. However, this problem is the type of thing that is fixed by a reinitialisation (because it doesn’t need to send the procedure change across as a transaction). And a look in the change history of the long stored procs (you all keep them, right?), showed that the problem from six months earlier could well have been down to this too. Applying SP2 (with sufficient paranoia about backups and how to get back out again if necessary) fixed the problem. The stored proc changes went through immediately after the service pack was applied, and it’s been running happily since. The funny thing is that I didn’t solve the problem. He had put the Profiler trace on the server, and had done the search that found a forum post pointing at this particular problem. I’d asked Ted too, and although he’d given some useful information, nothing that he’d come up with had actually been the solution either. Sometimes, asking for help is the most useful thing you can do. Often though, you don’t end up getting the help from the person you asked – the sounding board is actually what you need. @rob_farley

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  • How I Work: Staying Productive Whilst Traveling

    - by BuckWoody
    I travel a lot. Not like some folks that are gone every week, mind you, although in the last month I’ve been to: Cambridge, UK; Anchorage, AK; San Jose, CA; Copenhagen, DK, Boston, MA; and I’m currently en-route to Anaheim, CA.  While this many places in a month is a bit unusual for me, I would say I travel frequently. I’ve travelled most of my 28+ years in IT, and at one time was a consultant traveling weekly.   With that much time away from my primary work location, I have to find ways to stay productive. Some might say “just rest – take a nap!” – but I’m not able to do that. For one thing, I’m a very light sleeper and I’ve never slept on a plane - even a 30+ hour trip to New Zealand in Business Class - so that just isn’t option. I also am not always in the plane, of course. There’s the hotel, the taxi/bus/train, the airport and then all that over again when I arrive. Since my regular jobs have many demands, I have to get work done.   Note: No, I’m not always focused on work. I need downtime just like everyone else. Sometimes I just think, watch a movie or listen to tunes – and I give myself permission to do that anytime – sometimes the whole trip. I have too fewheartbeats left in life to only focus on work – it’s just not that important, and neither am I. Some of these tasks are letters to friends and family, or other personal things. What I’m talking about here is a plan, not some task list I have to follow. When I get to the location I’m traveling to, I always build in as much time as I can to ensure I enjoy those sights and the people I’m with. I would find traveling to be a waste if not for that.   The Unrealistic Expectation As I would evaluate the trip I was taking – say a 6-8 hour flight – I would expect to get 10-12 hours of work done. After all, there’s the time at the airport, the taxi and so on, and then of course the time in the air with all of the room, power, internet and everything else I needed to get my work done. I would pile up tasks at home, pack my bags, and head happily to the magical land of the TSA.   Right. On return from the trip, I had accomplished little, had more e-mails and other work that had piled up, and I was tired, hungry, and unorganized. This had to change. So, I decided to do three things: Segment my work Set realistic expectations Plan accordingly  Segmenting By Available Resources The first task was to decide what kind of work I could do in each location – if any. I found that I was dependent on a few things to get work done, such as power, the Internet, and a place to sit down. Before I fly, I take some time at home to get all of the work I’d like to accomplish while away segmented into these areas, and print that out on paper, which goes in my suit-coat pocket along with a mechanical pencil. I print my tickets, and I’m all set for the adventure ahead. Then I simply do each kind of work whenever I’m in that situation. No power There are certain times when I don’t have power available. But not only that, I might not even be able to use most of my electronics. So I now schedule as many phone calls as I can for the taxi/bus/train ride and the airports as I can. I have a paper notebook (Moleskine, of course) and a pencil and I print out any notes or numbers I need prior to the trip. Once I’m airborne or at the airport, I work on my laptop. I check and respond to e-mails, create slides, write code, do architecture, whatever I can.  If I can’t use any electronics, or once the power runs out, I schedule time for reading. I can read at the airport or anywhere, actually, even in-flight or any other transport. I “read with a pencil”, meaning I take a lot of notes, which I liketo put in OneNote, but since in most cases I don’t have power, I use the Moleskine to do that. Speaking of which, sometimes as I’m thinking I come up with new topics, ideas, blog posts, or things to teach in my classes. Once again I take out the notebook and write it down. All of these notes get a check-mark when I get back to the office and transfer the writing to OneNote. I’ve tried those “smart pens” and so on to automate this, but it just never works out. Pencil and paper are just fine. As I mentioned, sometime I just need to think. I’ll do nothing, and let my mind wander, thinking of nothing in particular, or some math problem or science question I’m interested in. My only issue with this is that I communicate tothink, and I don’t want to drive people crazy by being that guy that won’t shut up, so I think in a different way. Power, but no Internet or Phone If I have power but no Internet or phone, I focus on the laptop and the tablet as before, and I also recharge my other gadgets. Power, Internet, Phone and a Place to Work At first I thought that when I arrived at the hotel or event I could get the same amount of work done that I do at the office. Not so. There’s simply too many distractions, things you need, or other issues that allow this. Of course, Ican work on any device, read, think, write or whatever, but I am simply not as productive as I am in my home office. So I plan for about 25-50% as much work getting done in this environment as I think I could really do. I’ve done some measurements, and this holds out to be true almost every time. The key is that I re-set my expectations (and my co-worker’s expectations as well) that this is the case. I use the Out-Of-Office notices to let people know that I’m just not going to be 100% at this time – it’s hard for everyone, but it’s more honest and realistic, and I’d rather they know that – and that I realize that – than to let them think I’m totally available. Because I’m not – I’m traveling. I don’t tend to put too much detail, because after all I don’t necessarily want to let people know when I’m not home :) but I do think it’s important to let people that depend on my know that I’ll get back with them later. I hope this helps you think through your own methodology of staying productive when you travel. Or perhaps you just go offline, and don’t worry about any of this – good for you! That’s completely valid as well.   (Oh, and yes, I wrote this at 35K feet, on Alaska Airlines on a trip. :)  Practice what you preach, Buck.)

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  • Using the @ in SQL Azure Connections

    - by BuckWoody
    The other day I was working with a client on an application they were changing to a hybrid architecture – some data on-premise and other data in SQL Azure and Windows Azure Blob storage. I had them make a couple of corrections - the first was that all communications to SQL Azure need to be encrypted. It’s a simple addition to the connection string, depending on the library you use. Which brought up another interesting point. They had been using something that looked like this, using the .NET provider: Server=tcp:[serverName].database.windows.net;Database=myDataBase; User ID=LoginName;Password=myPassword; Trusted_Connection=False;Encrypt=True; This includes most of the formatting needed for SQL Azure. It specifies TCP as the transport mechanism, the database name is included, Trusted_Connection is off, and encryption is on. But it needed one more change: Server=tcp:[serverName].database.windows.net;Database=myDataBase; User ID=[LoginName]@[serverName];Password=myPassword; Trusted_Connection=False;Encrypt=True; Notice the difference? It’s the User ID parameter. It includes the @ symbol and the name of the server – not the whole DNS name, just the server name itself. The developers were a bit surprised, since it had been working with the first format that just used the user name. Why did both work, and why is one better than the other? It has to do with the connection library you use. For most libraries, the user name is enough. But for some libraries (subject to change so I don’t list them here) the server name parameter isn’t sent in the way the load balancer understands, so you need to include the server name right in the login, so the system can parse it correctly. Keep in mind, the string limit for that is 128 characters – so take the @ symbol and the server name into consideration for user names. The user connection info is detailed here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee336268.aspx Upshot? Include the @servername on your connection string just to be safe. And plan for that extra space…  

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  • Upgrades from Beta or CTP SQL Server Software is NOT Supported

    - by BuckWoody
    As of this writing, SQL Server 2008 R2 has released, and just like every release, I get e-mails and calls from folks with this question: “Can I upgrade from Customer Technical Preview (CTP) x or Beta #x or Release Candidate (RC) to the “Released to Manufacturing” (RTM) version?” No. Right up until the last minute, things are changing in the code – and you want that to happen. Our internal testing runs right up until the second we lock down for release, and we watch the CTP/RC/Beta reports to make sure there are no show-stoppers, and fix what we find. And it’s not just “big” changes you need to worry about – a simple change in one line of code can have a massive effect. I know, I know – you’ve possibly upgraded an RC or CTP to the RTM version and it worked “just fine”. But hear this tale: I’ve dealt with someone who faced this exact situation in SQL Server 2008. They upgraded (which is clearly prohibited in the documentation) from a CTP to the RTM version over a year ago. Everything was working fine. But then…one day they had an issue. Couldn’t fix it themselves, we took a look, days went by, and we finally had to call in the big guns for support. Turns out, the upgrade was the problem. So we had to come up with some elaborate schemes to get the system migrated over while they were in production. This was painful for everyone involved. So the answer is still no. Just don’t do it. There is one caveat to this story – if you are a “TAP” customer (you’ll know if you are), we help you move from the CTP products to RTM, but that’s a special case that we track carefully and send along special instructions and tools to help you along. That level of effort isn’t possible on a large scale, so it’s not just a magic tool that we run to upgrade from CTP to RTM. So again, unless you’re a TAP customer, it’s a no-no. Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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  • I Can't Get Ruby on Rails + Passenger + Apache to Work

    - by Luke Crowe
    I'm sorry if this is a stupid question, but I can't get Ruby on Rails to work on my Apache server. I'm using Phusion Passenger (mod_rails, mod_rack) for app deployment. Here is my RoR-specific configuration code in my website's Apache configuration file: Alias /rails /var/www/syyborg.com/ruby/blog/public <Directory /var/www/syyborg.com/ruby/blog/public Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order Allow,Deny Allow from All </Directory RailsBaseURI /rails Again, I really have very little knowledge of this kind of thing; I have never set up a server from scratch before. Anyways, my rails app, as you can see, is located at /var/www/syyborg.com/ruby/blog/. I am trying to access it from http://[my domain, syyborg.com]/rails. However, when I try to load the site, I get a "403 Forbidden" error. Any help would be greatly appreciated, and I can provide further details if they are required. Thanks in advance!

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  • Set WordPress permalinks directly in httpd.conf?

    - by songdogtech
    Is is possible to configure WordPress permalinks directly in Apache httpd.conf? I have a server situation (Apache 2.2.3 CentOS PHP5.1.6) where I can't use .htaccess for performance reasons, but can use httpd.conf. The admin says that mod_rewrite is enabled, but AllowOverride is not, and I can't change those settings. And I need to restrict the permalinks to just the "blog" directory. This is what would go in .htaccess but needs to go into httpd.conf: <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase /blog/ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /blog/index.php [L] </IfModule> Thanks...

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  • Redirecting to a folder

    - by RN
    Apache2 Plesk 9.x I have a website www.example.com and my blog is on www.example.com/blog I have no content on www.example.com as of now So I want all requests for example.com to be redirected to www.example.com/blog How should I do that ? Is this something I can do in Apache? I am using the GoDaddy DNS server. Not sure if it matters- but I have multiple domains hosted n the same server. And I am using Plesk to manage my virtual hosts.

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  • How to redirect from one web directory to another with Apache

    - by RN
    Apache2 Plesk 9.x I have a website www.example.com and my blog is on www.example.com/blog I have no content on www.example.com as of now So I want all requests for example.com to be redirected to www.example.com/blog How should I do that ? Is this something I can do in Apache? I am using the GoDaddy DNS server. Not sure if it matters- but I have multiple domains hosted n the same server. And I am using Plesk to manage my virtual hosts.

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  • ISPConfig - Unexisting subdomain address goes to an existing one

    - by xperator
    I am running Nginx/ISPConfig setup for about 6-7 months. Never had a problem and everything is smooth. But I just noticed that if browse to "blab.example.com", the page opens one of my wordpress blogs on the other domain. No matter what name I use for subdomain, Anything that I enter randomly "b53ks.example.com" still goes to that blog page. I have 3 or 4 different domain names and websites on the same server. But I think I misconfigured somewhere and that might be the cause of this. Lets say I have these domains: example-1.com, example-2.com, another-example.com If I go to anything.example-1.com or serverfault.example-2.com, or google.another-example.com the returned page is my blog at blog.example-1.com Note : I didn't set any subdomain in ISPConfig. Instead, I used "Add new website" for making a subdomain.

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  • Is my website running on an iPhone?

    - by Stefano Borini
    Provocative question, but in any case, this is what it would appear... unless there's some other reason, of course. In my cystat wordpress log, I obtained the following entry IP Browser OS Date Method Type URL 127.0.0.1 Safari 419.3 iPhone July 30, 2009 7:39 pm GET BLOG /blog/ The IP address is the IP of the visiting client. It's clear that this is not possible. Why do I get 127.0.0.1 as IP? cystat bug? some weird network trick I am not aware of? or is my website really running on an iPhone, and the guy at the applestore is reading my blog ?

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  • HTTP Redirect from www.mydomain.com to my amazon ec2 account (instance)?

    - by fabius
    Hello! I have a domain, that is registered at a service provider but my site (wordpress blog) is hosted in a shared account with a friend in another other host service. I want to become seperate from this friend because I'm tired of boring him with my blog downtimes. Now, my problem is that I signed up to Amazon EC2 service and I created a instance (a virtual machine) to host my wordpress blog and now I'd like to redirect mydomain.com to this instance at Amazon EC2 and I don't know how to proceed in order to achieve that. The instance at Amazon EC2 is up and running (it's a 64bit linux machine) but I couldn't redirect mydomain.com to this instance at my host service webpanel. Could someone help me please???

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  • Javascript works great locally, but not on my server

    - by Jonathan Cohen
    I'm teaching myself javascript by creating a script for displaying an external rss feed on a webpage. The code I patched together works great locally. This is a screen grab of the code producing exactly the desired behavior. The code is populating all the information inside the section "Blog: Shades of Gray", except for "tagged" which I hard coded: But when I upload the site files to my server, the code doesn't work at all. This is a screen grab of the code on my site NOT producing the desired behavior... This feels like I'm not getting something really basic about how javascript works locally vs. on the server. I did my half hour of googling for an answer and no trails look promising. So I'd really appreciate your help. This is my site (under construction) http://jonathangcohen.com Below is the code, which can also be found at http://jonathangcohen.com/grabFeeds.js. /*Javascript for Displaying an External RSS Feed on a Webpage Wrote some code that’ll grab attributes from an rss feed and assign IDs for displaying on a webpage. The code references my Tumblr blog but it’ll extend to any RSS feed.*/ window.onload = writeRSS; function writeRSS(){ writeBlog(); } function writeBlog(){ if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {// code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); } else {// code for IE6, IE5 xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } xmlhttp.open("GET","http://blog.jonathangcohen.com/rss.xml",false); xmlhttp.send(); xmlDoc=xmlhttp.responseXML; var x=xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName("item"); //append category to link for (i=0;i<3;i++) { if (i == 0){ //print category var blogTumblrCategory = x[i].getElementsByTagName("category")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue document.getElementById("getBlogCategory1").innerHTML = '<a class="BlogTitleLinkStyle" href="http://blog.jonathangcohen.com/tagged/'+blogTumblrCategory+'">'+blogTumblrCategory+'</a>'; //print date var k = x[i].getElementsByTagName("pubDate")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue thisDate = new Date(); thisDate = formatTumblrDate(k); document.getElementById("getBlogPublishDate1").innerHTML = thisDate; //print title var blogTumblrTitle = x[i].getElementsByTagName("title")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue var blogTumblrLink = x[i].getElementsByTagName("link")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue document.getElementById("getBlogTitle1").innerHTML = '<a class="BlogTitleLinkStyle" href="'+blogTumblrLink+'">'+blogTumblrTitle+'</a>'; } if (i == 1){ //print category var blogTumblrCategory = x[i].getElementsByTagName("category")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue document.getElementById("getBlogCategory2").innerHTML = '<a class="BlogTitleLinkStyle" href="http://blog.jonathangcohen.com/tagged/'+blogTumblrCategory+'">'+blogTumblrCategory+'</a>'; //print date var k = x[i].getElementsByTagName("pubDate")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue thisDate = new Date(); thisDate = formatTumblrDate(k); document.getElementById("getBlogPublishDate2").innerHTML = thisDate; //print title var blogTumblrTitle = x[i].getElementsByTagName("title")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue var blogTumblrLink = x[i].getElementsByTagName("link")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue document.getElementById("getBlogTitle2").innerHTML = '<a class="BlogTitleLinkStyle" href="'+blogTumblrLink+'">'+blogTumblrTitle+'</a>'; } if (i == 2){ //print category var blogTumblrCategory = x[i].getElementsByTagName("category")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue document.getElementById("getBlogCategory3").innerHTML = '<a class="BlogTitleLinkStyle" href="http://blog.jonathangcohen.com/tagged/'+blogTumblrCategory+'">'+blogTumblrCategory+'</a>'; //print date var k = x[i].getElementsByTagName("pubDate")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue thisDate = new Date(); thisDate = formatTumblrDate(k); document.getElementById("getBlogPublishDate3").innerHTML = thisDate; //print title var blogTumblrTitle = x[i].getElementsByTagName("title")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue var blogTumblrLink = x[i].getElementsByTagName("link")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue document.getElementById("getBlogTitle3").innerHTML = '<a class="BlogTitleLinkStyle" href="'+blogTumblrLink+'">'+blogTumblrTitle+'</a>'; } } } function formatTumblrDate(k){ d = new Date(k); var curr_date = d.getDate(); var curr_month = d.getMonth(); curr_month++; var curr_year = d.getFullYear(); printDate = (curr_month + "/" + curr_date + "/" + curr_year); return printDate; } Thank you!

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  • Fix: Orchard Error ‘The controller for path '/OrchardLocal/' was not found or does not implement IController.

    - by Ken Cox [MVP]
    Suddenly, in a local Orchard 1.6 project, I started getting this error in ShellRoute.cs: The controller for path '/OrchardLocal/' was not found or does not implement IController. Obviously I had changed something, but the error wasn’t helping much.  After losing far too much time, I copied over the original Orchard source code and was back in business. Shortly thereafter, I further flattened my forehead by applying a sudden, solid blow with the lower portion of my palm! You see, in testing the importing of comments via blogML, I had set the added blog as the Orchard site’s Start page. Then, I deleted the blog so I could test another import batch. The upshot was that by deleting the blog, Orchard no longer had a default (home) page at the root of the site. The site’s default content was missing. The fix was to go to the Admin subdirectory (http://localhost:30320/OrchardLocal/admin) . add a new page, and check Set as homepage. Once again, the problem was between the keyboard and the chair. I hope this helps someone else. Ken

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  • SQLAuthority News – Pinal Dave: Blogger, MVP and now Interviewee by Michael J Swart

    - by pinaldave
    Michael J. Swart is a very unique person. I have often exchanged emails with him and also used a couple of his scripts in my presentations (with his permission). Every time I conduct spatial database presentation, I always start with his script where he has drawn the wonderful image of Botticelli’s Birth of Venus. I often think he is more of a creative artist than IT professional. However, if you read his blog posts and articles, they are top notch and each article is as creative as his caricatures. He is wonderful, inspiring, creative and most importantly, very humble. He recently took my interview and asked me some very interesting question. To answer his question, I had to share some of the interesting aspects of my life which I have had never shared in any interview before. He made me share the following interesting facts. Pinal Dave Caricatures Read my Interview Here are a few questions that I have answered at his blog: How I met my wife? Best moments of my life? How to pronounce my last name? Who inspired me? English as a Third Language. I am also thankful to Michael for drawing my caricature. I really liked it and I am very glad that he took time to do so. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: About Me, Pinal Dave, PostADay, Readers Question, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • PowerShell Script to Deploy Multiple VM on Azure in Parallel #azure #powershell

    - by Marco Russo (SQLBI)
    This blog is usually dedicated to Business Intelligence and SQL Server, but I didn’t found easily on the web simple PowerShell scripts to help me deploying a number of virtual machines on Azure that I use for testing and development. Since I need to deploy, start, stop and remove many virtual machines created from a common image I created (you know, Tabular is not part of the standard images provided by Microsoft…), I wanted to minimize the time required to execute every operation from my Windows Azure PowerShell console (but I suggest you using Windows PowerShell ISE), so I also wanted to fire the commands as soon as possible in parallel, without losing the result in the console. In order to execute multiple commands in parallel, I used the Start-Job cmdlet, and using Get-Job and Receive-Job I wait for job completion and display the messages generated during background command execution. This technique allows me to reduce execution time when I have to deploy, start, stop or remove virtual machines. Please note that a few operations on Azure acquire an exclusive lock and cannot be really executed in parallel, but only one part of their execution time is subject to this lock. Thus, you obtain a better response time also in these scenarios (this is the case of the provisioning of a new VM). Finally, when you remove the VMs you still have the disk containing the virtual machine to remove. This cannot be done just after the VM removal, because you have to wait that the removal operation is completed on Azure. So I wrote a script that you have to run a few minutes after VMs removal and delete disks (and VHD) no longer related to a VM. I just check that the disk were associated to the original image name used to provision the VMs (so I don’t remove other disks deployed by other batches that I might want to preserve). These examples are specific for my scenario, if you need more complex configurations you have to change and adapt the code. But if your need is to create multiple instances of the same VM running in a workgroup, these scripts should be good enough. I prepared the following PowerShell scripts: ProvisionVMs: Provision many VMs in parallel starting from the same image. It creates one service for each VM. RemoveVMs: Remove all the VMs in parallel – it also remove the service created for the VM StartVMs: Starts all the VMs in parallel StopVMs: Stops all the VMs in parallel RemoveOrphanDisks: Remove all the disks no longer used by any VMs. Run this script a few minutes after RemoveVMs script. ProvisionVMs # Name of subscription $SubscriptionName = "Copy the SubscriptionName property you get from Get-AzureSubscription"   # Name of storage account (where VMs will be deployed) $StorageAccount = "Copy the Label property you get from Get-AzureStorageAccount"   function ProvisionVM( [string]$VmName ) {     Start-Job -ArgumentList $VmName {         param($VmName) $Location = "Copy the Location property you get from Get-AzureStorageAccount" $InstanceSize = "A5" # You can use any other instance, such as Large, A6, and so on $AdminUsername = "UserName" # Write the name of the administrator account in the new VM $Password = "Password"      # Write the password of the administrator account in the new VM $Image = "Copy the ImageName property you get from Get-AzureVMImage" # You can list your own images using the following command: # Get-AzureVMImage | Where-Object {$_.PublisherName -eq "User" }         New-AzureVMConfig -Name $VmName -ImageName $Image -InstanceSize $InstanceSize |             Add-AzureProvisioningConfig -Windows -Password $Password -AdminUsername $AdminUsername|             New-AzureVM -Location $Location -ServiceName "$VmName" -Verbose     } }   # Set the proper storage - you might remove this line if you have only one storage in the subscription Set-AzureSubscription -SubscriptionName $SubscriptionName -CurrentStorageAccount $StorageAccount   # Select the subscription - this line is fundamental if you have access to multiple subscription # You might remove this line if you have only one subscription Select-AzureSubscription -SubscriptionName $SubscriptionName   # Every line in the following list provisions one VM using the name specified in the argument # You can change the number of lines - use a unique name for every VM - don't reuse names # already used in other VMs already deployed ProvisionVM "test10" ProvisionVM "test11" ProvisionVM "test12" ProvisionVM "test13" ProvisionVM "test14" ProvisionVM "test15" ProvisionVM "test16" ProvisionVM "test17" ProvisionVM "test18" ProvisionVM "test19" ProvisionVM "test20"   # Wait for all to complete While (Get-Job -State "Running") {     Get-Job -State "Completed" | Receive-Job     Start-Sleep 1 }   # Display output from all jobs Get-Job | Receive-Job   # Cleanup of jobs Remove-Job *   # Displays batch completed echo "Provisioning VM Completed" RemoveVMs # Name of subscription $SubscriptionName = "Copy the SubscriptionName property you get from Get-AzureSubscription"   function RemoveVM( [string]$VmName ) {     Start-Job -ArgumentList $VmName {         param($VmName)         Remove-AzureService -ServiceName $VmName -Force -Verbose     } }   # Select the subscription - this line is fundamental if you have access to multiple subscription # You might remove this line if you have only one subscription Select-AzureSubscription -SubscriptionName $SubscriptionName   # Every line in the following list remove one VM using the name specified in the argument # You can change the number of lines - use a unique name for every VM - don't reuse names # already used in other VMs already deployed RemoveVM "test10" RemoveVM "test11" RemoveVM "test12" RemoveVM "test13" RemoveVM "test14" RemoveVM "test15" RemoveVM "test16" RemoveVM "test17" RemoveVM "test18" RemoveVM "test19" RemoveVM "test20"   # Wait for all to complete While (Get-Job -State "Running") {     Get-Job -State "Completed" | Receive-Job     Start-Sleep 1 }   # Display output from all jobs Get-Job | Receive-Job   # Cleanup Remove-Job *   # Displays batch completed echo "Remove VM Completed" StartVMs # Name of subscription $SubscriptionName = "Copy the SubscriptionName property you get from Get-AzureSubscription"   function StartVM( [string]$VmName ) {     Start-Job -ArgumentList $VmName {         param($VmName)         Start-AzureVM -Name $VmName -ServiceName $VmName -Verbose     } }   # Select the subscription - this line is fundamental if you have access to multiple subscription # You might remove this line if you have only one subscription Select-AzureSubscription -SubscriptionName $SubscriptionName   # Every line in the following list starts one VM using the name specified in the argument # You can change the number of lines - use a unique name for every VM - don't reuse names # already used in other VMs already deployed StartVM "test10" StartVM "test11" StartVM "test11" StartVM "test12" StartVM "test13" StartVM "test14" StartVM "test15" StartVM "test16" StartVM "test17" StartVM "test18" StartVM "test19" StartVM "test20"   # Wait for all to complete While (Get-Job -State "Running") {     Get-Job -State "Completed" | Receive-Job     Start-Sleep 1 }   # Display output from all jobs Get-Job | Receive-Job   # Cleanup Remove-Job *   # Displays batch completed echo "Start VM Completed"   StopVMs # Name of subscription $SubscriptionName = "Copy the SubscriptionName property you get from Get-AzureSubscription"   function StopVM( [string]$VmName ) {     Start-Job -ArgumentList $VmName {         param($VmName)         Stop-AzureVM -Name $VmName -ServiceName $VmName -Verbose -Force     } }   # Select the subscription - this line is fundamental if you have access to multiple subscription # You might remove this line if you have only one subscription Select-AzureSubscription -SubscriptionName $SubscriptionName   # Every line in the following list stops one VM using the name specified in the argument # You can change the number of lines - use a unique name for every VM - don't reuse names # already used in other VMs already deployed StopVM "test10" StopVM "test11" StopVM "test12" StopVM "test13" StopVM "test14" StopVM "test15" StopVM "test16" StopVM "test17" StopVM "test18" StopVM "test19" StopVM "test20"   # Wait for all to complete While (Get-Job -State "Running") {     Get-Job -State "Completed" | Receive-Job     Start-Sleep 1 }   # Display output from all jobs Get-Job | Receive-Job   # Cleanup Remove-Job *   # Displays batch completed echo "Stop VM Completed" RemoveOrphanDisks $Image = "Copy the ImageName property you get from Get-AzureVMImage" # You can list your own images using the following command: # Get-AzureVMImage | Where-Object {$_.PublisherName -eq "User" }   # Remove all orphan disks coming from the image specified in $ImageName Get-AzureDisk |     Where-Object {$_.attachedto -eq $null -and $_.SourceImageName -eq $ImageName} |     Remove-AzureDisk -DeleteVHD -Verbose  

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  • SQLAuthority News – Three Posts on Reporting – T-SQL Tuesday #005

    - by pinaldave
    If you are following my blog, you already know that I am more of “T-SQL and Performance Tuning” type of person. I do have a good understanding of Business Intelligence suit and I also do certain training sessions on the same subject. When I was writing the blog post for T-SQL Tuesday #005 – Reporting, I realized that I have written a post that clearly explains how to generate reports using SQL Server Management Studio. Here is a quick recap on how one can use SSMS and out-of-the-box reports which can help many developers. Please note that they can be resource-intensive as well, so please use SSMS carefully. SQL SERVER – Generate Report for Index Physical Statistics – SSMS SQL SERVER – Out of the Box – Activity and Performance Reports from SSSMS SQL SERVER – Configure Management Data Collection in Quick Steps – T-SQL Tuesday #005 Junior developers and DBA can use these reports right away and can also start learning and exploring most database performance issues with the help of Sr. DBAs. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: SQL Reporting, SQL Reports

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  • Protecting Apache with Fail2Ban

    - by NetStudent
    Having checked my Apache logs for the last two days I have noticed several attempts to access URLs such as /phpmyadmin, /phpldapadmin: 121.14.241.135 - - [09/Jun/2012:04:37:35 +0100] "GET /w00tw00t.at.blackhats.romanian.anti-sec:) HTTP/1.1" 404 415 "-" "ZmEu" 121.14.241.135 - - [09/Jun/2012:04:37:35 +0100] "GET /phpMyAdmin/scripts/setup.php HTTP/1.1" 404 405 "-" "ZmEu" 121.14.241.135 - - [09/Jun/2012:04:37:35 +0100] "GET /phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php HTTP/1.1" 404 404 "-" "ZmEu" 121.14.241.135 - - [09/Jun/2012:04:37:36 +0100] "GET /pma/scripts/setup.php HTTP/1.1" 404 399 "-" "ZmEu" 121.14.241.135 - - [09/Jun/2012:04:37:36 +0100] "GET /myadmin/scripts/setup.php HTTP/1.1" 404 403 "-" "ZmEu" 121.14.241.135 - - [09/Jun/2012:04:37:37 +0100] "GET /MyAdmin/scripts/setup.php HTTP/1.1" 404 403 "-" "ZmEu" 66.249.72.235 - - [09/Jun/2012:07:11:06 +0100] "GET /robots.txt HTTP/1.1" 404 430 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)" 66.249.72.235 - - [09/Jun/2012:07:11:06 +0100] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 424 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)" 188.132.178.34 - - [09/Jun/2012:08:39:05 +0100] "HEAD /manager/html HTTP/1.0" 404 166 "-" "-" 95.108.150.235 - - [09/Jun/2012:09:42:09 +0100] "GET /robots.txt HTTP/1.1" 404 432 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexBot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)" 95.108.150.235 - - [09/Jun/2012:09:42:09 +0100] "GET /robots.txt HTTP/1.1" 404 432 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexBot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)" 95.108.150.235 - - [09/Jun/2012:09:42:10 +0100] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 424 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexBot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)" 95.108.150.235 - - [09/Jun/2012:09:42:10 +0100] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 424 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexBot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)" 95.108.150.235 - - [09/Jun/2012:09:42:11 +0100] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 424 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexBot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)" 95.108.150.235 - - [09/Jun/2012:09:42:11 +0100] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 424 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; YandexBot/3.0; +http://yandex.com/bots)" 194.128.132.2 - - [09/Jun/2012:16:04:41 +0100] "HEAD / HTTP/1.0" 200 260 "-" "-" 66.249.68.176 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:08:12 +0100] "GET /robots.txt HTTP/1.1" 404 430 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)" 66.249.68.176 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:08:13 +0100] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 424 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:33 +0100] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 388 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:34 +0100] "GET /phpldapadmin/ HTTP/1.1" 404 379 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:34 +0100] "GET /phpldapadmin/htdocs/ HTTP/1.1" 404 386 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:35 +0100] "GET /phpldap/ HTTP/1.1" 404 374 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:36 +0100] "GET /phpldap/htdocs/ HTTP/1.1" 404 381 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:36 +0100] "GET /admin/ HTTP/1.1" 404 372 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:38 +0100] "GET /admin/ldap/ HTTP/1.1" 404 377 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:38 +0100] "GET /admin/ldap/htdocs/ HTTP/1.1" 404 384 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:38 +0100] "GET /admin/phpldap/ HTTP/1.1" 404 380 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:39 +0100] "GET /admin/phpldap/htdocs/ HTTP/1.1" 404 387 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:39 +0100] "GET /admin/phpldapadmin/htdocs/ HTTP/1.1" 404 392 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:40 +0100] "GET /admin/phpldapadmin/ HTTP/1.1" 404 385 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:40 +0100] "GET /openldap HTTP/1.1" 404 374 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:41 +0100] "GET /openldap/htdocs HTTP/1.1" 404 381 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:42 +0100] "GET /openldap/htdocs/ HTTP/1.1" 404 382 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:44 +0100] "GET /ldap/ HTTP/1.1" 404 371 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:44 +0100] "GET /ldap/htdocs/ HTTP/1.1" 404 378 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:45 +0100] "GET /ldap/phpldapadmin/ HTTP/1.1" 404 384 "-" "-" 212.3.106.249 - - [09/Jun/2012:18:12:46 +0100] "GET /ldap/phpldapadmin/htdocs/ HTTP/1.1" 404 391 "-" "-" Is there any way I can use Fail2Ban or any other similar software to ban these IPs in situations when my server is being abused this way (by trying several "common" URLs)?

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  • SQL Server and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Part 2

    - by SQLOS Team
    Part 1 of this series was an introduction and overview of Hyper-V Dynamic Memory. This part looks at SQL Server memory management and how the SQL engine responds to changing OS memory conditions.   Part 2: SQL Server Memory Management As with any Windows process, sqlserver.exe has a virtual address space (VAS) of 4GB on 32-bit and 8TB in 64-bit editions. Pages in its VAS are mapped to pages in physical memory when the memory is committed and referenced for the first time. The collection of VAS pages that have been recently referenced is known as the Working Set. How and when SQL Server allocates virtual memory and grows its working set depends on the memory model it uses. SQL Server supports three basic memory models:   1. Conventional Memory Model   The Conventional model is the default SQL Server memory model and has the following properties: - Dynamic - can grow or shrink its working set in response to load and external (operating system) memory conditions. - OS uses 4K pages – (not to be confused with SQL Server “pages” which are 8K regions of committed memory).- Pageable - Can be paged out to disk by the operating system.   2. Locked Page Model The locked page memory model is set when SQL Server is started with "Lock Pages in Memory" privilege*. It has the following characteristics: - Dynamic - can grow or shrink its working set in the same way as the Conventional model.- OS uses 4K pages - Non-Pageable – When memory is committed it is locked in memory, meaning that it will remain backed by physical memory and will not be paged out by the operating system. A common misconception is to interpret "locked" as non-dynamic. A SQL Server instance using the locked page memory model will grow and shrink (allocate memory and release memory) in response to changing workload and OS memory conditions in the same way as it does with the conventional model.   This is an important consideration when we look at Hyper-V Dynamic Memory – “locked” memory works perfectly well with “dynamic” memory.   * Note in “Denali” (Standard Edition and above), and in SQL 2008 R2 64-bit (Enterprise and above editions) the Lock Pages in Memory privilege is all that is required to set this model. In 2008 R2 64-Bit standard edition it also requires trace flag 845 to be set, in 2008 R2 32-bit editions it requires sp_configure 'awe enabled' 1.   3. Large Page Model The Large page model is set using trace flag 834 and potentially offers a small performance boost for systems that are configured with large pages. It is characterized by: - Static - memory is allocated at startup and does not change. - OS uses large (>2MB) pages - Non-Pageable The large page model is supported with Hyper-V Dynamic Memory (and Hyper-V also supports large pages), but you get no benefit from using Dynamic Memory with this model since SQL Server memory does not grow or shrink. The rest of this article will focus on the locked and conventional SQL Server memory models.   When does SQL Server grow? For “dynamic” configurations (Conventional and Locked memory models), the sqlservr.exe process grows – allocates and commits memory from the OS – in response to a workload. As much memory is allocated as is required to optimally run the query and buffer data for future queries, subject to limitations imposed by:   - SQL Server max server memory setting. If this configuration option is set, the buffer pool is not allowed to grow to more than this value. In SQL Server 2008 this value represents single page allocations, and in “Denali” it represents any size page allocations and also managed CLR procedure allocations.   - Memory signals from OS. The operating system sets a signal on memory resource notification objects to indicate whether it has memory available or whether it is low on available memory. If there is only 32MB free for every 4GB of memory a low memory signal is set, which continues until 64MB/4GB is free. If there is 96MB/4GB free the operating system sets a high memory signal. SQL Server only allocates memory when the high memory signal is set.   To summarize, for SQL Server to grow you need three conditions: a workload, max server memory setting higher than the current allocation, high memory signals from the OS.    When does SQL Server shrink caches? SQL Server as a rule does not like to return memory to the OS, but it will shrink its caches in response to memory pressure. Memory pressure can be divided into “internal” and “external”.   - External memory pressure occurs when the operating system is running low on memory and low memory signals are set. The SQL Server Resource Monitor checks for low memory signals approximately every 5 seconds and it will attempt to free memory until the signals stop.   To free memory SQL Server does the following: ·         Frees unused memory. ·         Notifies Memory Manager Clients to release memory o   Caches – Free unreferenced cache objects. o   Buffer pool - Based on oldest access times.   The freed memory is released back to the operating system. This process continues until the low memory resource notifications stop.    - Internal memory pressure occurs when the size of different caches and allocations increase but the SQL Server process needs to keep its total memory within a target value. For example if max server memory is set and certain caches are growing large, it will cause SQL to free memory for re-use internally, but not to release memory back to the OS. If you lower the value of max server memory you will generate internal memory pressure that will cause SQL to release memory back to the OS.    Memory pressure handling has not changed much since SQL 2005 and it was described in detail in a blog post by Slava Oks.   Note that SQL Server Express is an exception to the above behavior. Unlike other editions it does not assume it is the most important process running on the system but tries to be more “desktop” friendly. It will empty its working set after a period of inactivity.   How does SQL Server respond to changing OS memory?    In SQL Server 2005 support for Hot-Add memory was introduced. This feature, available in Enterprise and above editions, allows the server to make use of any extra physical memory that was added after SQL Server started. Being able to add physical memory when the system is running is limited to specialized hardware, but with the Hyper-V Dynamic Memory feature, when new memory is allocated to a guest virtual machine, it looks like hot-add physical memory to the guest. What this means is that thanks to the hot-add memory feature, SQL Server 2005 and higher can dynamically grow if more “physical” memory is granted to a guest VM by Hyper-V dynamic memory.   SQL Server checks OS memory every second and dynamically adjusts its “target” (based on available OS memory and max server memory) accordingly.   In “Denali” Standard Edition will also have sqlserver.exe support for hot-add memory when running virtualized (i.e. detecting and acting on Hyper-V Dynamic Memory allocations).   How does a SQL Server workload in a guest VM impact Hyper-V dynamic memory scheduling?   When a SQL workload causes the sqlserver.exe process to grow its working set, the Hyper-V memory scheduler will detect memory pressure in the guest VM and add memory to it. SQL Server will then detect the extra memory and grow according to workload demand. In our tests we have seen this feedback process cause a guest VM to grow quickly in response to SQL workload - we are still working on characterizing this ramp-up.    How does SQL Server respond when Hyper-V removes memory from a guest VM through ballooning?   If pressure from other VM's cause Hyper-V Dynamic Memory to take memory away from a VM through ballooning (allocating memory with a virtual device driver and returning it to the host OS), Windows Memory Manager will page out unlocked portions of memory and signal low resource notification events. When SQL Server detects these events it will shrink memory until the low memory notifications stop (see cache shrinking description above).    This raises another question. Can we make SQL Server release memory more readily and hence behave more "dynamically" without compromising performance? In certain circumstances where the application workload is predictable it may be possible to have a job which varies "max server memory" according to need, lowering it when the engine is inactive and raising it before a period of activity. This would have limited applicaability but it is something we're looking into.   What Memory Management changes are there in SQL Server “Denali”?   In SQL Server “Denali” (aka SQL11) the Memory Manager has been re-written to be more efficient. The main changes are summarized in this post. An important change with respect to Hyper-V Dynamic Memory support is that now the max server memory setting includes any size page allocations and managed CLR procedure allocations it now represents a closer approximation to total sqlserver.exe memory usage. This makes it easier to calculate a value for max server memory, which becomes important when configuring virtual machines to work well with Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Startup and Maximum RAM settings.   Another important change is no more AWE or hot-add support for 32-bit edition. This means if you're running a 32-bit edition of Denali you're limited to a 4GB address space and will not be able to take advantage of dynamically added OS memory that wasn't present when SQL Server started (though Hyper-V Dynamic Memory is still a supported configuration).   In part 3 we’ll develop some best practices for configuring and using SQL Server with Dynamic Memory. Originally posted at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlosteam/

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  • SQL SERVER – The Difference between Dual Core vs. Core 2 Duo

    - by pinaldave
    I have decided that I would not write on this subject until I have received a total of 25 questions on this subject. Here are a few questions from the list: Questions: What is the difference between Dual Core and Core 2 Duo? Which one is recommended for SQL Server: Core 2 Duo or Dual Core? Can I upgrade my Dual Core to Core 2 Duo? If Dual Core has 2 CPUs, how many CPUs does Core 2 Duo have? Is it true that Core 2 Duo and Dual Core meant the same thing? Well, let us see the answer. Optimistically, I would be directing everybody to this blog post if I receive a question of the same kind sometime in the future. To verify the information that I provide, visit Intel’s site. For additional information regarding the subject, visit Wikipedia. My Answer: Any computer that has two CPUs or two “cores“ is known as Dual Core. Core Duo is a brand name of Intel for Dual Core. Core 2 Duo is simply a higher version of Core Duo. (e.g. for Pentium brand, it`s like Pentium I, Pentium II, etc.) The computer I am using now has Core 2 Duo. Intel has launched a new brand, which they call i3, i5, and i7.  Here, the numbers are not related to the number of cores; rather, they show the range of the CPU. I3 is of low range and i7 is of high range. Feel free to add more details by adding valuable comments here. And if you still want to ask why I created this blog post, well, I mentioned that I was waiting for 25 questions threshold to hit, before I write about this subject which I didn`t really plan to write about. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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  • Box Selection and Multi-Line Editing with VS 2010

    - by ScottGu
    This is the twenty-second in a series of blog posts I’m doing on the VS 2010 and .NET 4 release. I’ve already covered some of the code editor improvements in the VS 2010 release.  In particular, I’ve blogged about the Code Intellisense Improvements, new Code Searching and Navigating Features, HTML, ASP.NET and JavaScript Snippet Support, and improved JavaScript Intellisense.  Today’s blog post covers a small, but nice, editor improvement with VS 2010 – the ability to use “Box Selection” when performing multi-line editing.  This can eliminate keystrokes and enables some slick editing scenarios. [In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu] Box Selection Box selection is a feature that has been in Visual Studio for awhile (although not many people knew about it).  It allows you to select a rectangular region of text within the code editor by holding down the Alt key while selecting the text region with the mouse.  With VS 2008 you could then copy or delete the selected text. VS 2010 now enables several more capabilities with box selection including: Text Insertion: Typing with box selection now allows you to insert new text into every selected line Paste/Replace: You can now paste the contents of one box selection into another and have the content flow correctly Zero-Length Boxes: You can now make a vertical selection zero characters wide to create a multi-line insert point for new or copied text These capabilities can be very useful in a variety of scenarios.  Some example scenarios: change access modifiers (private->public), adding comments to multiple lines, setting fields, or grouping multiple statements together. Great 3 Minute Box-Selection Video Demo Brittany Behrens from the Visual Studio Editor Team has an excellent 3 minute video that shows off a few cool VS 2010 multi-line code editing scenarios with box selection:   Watch it to learn a few ways you can use this new box selection capability to optimize your typing in VS 2010 even further: Hope this helps, Scott P.S. You can learn more about the VS Editor by following the Visual Studio Team Blog or by following @VSEditor on Twitter.

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  • Social Network Stalking

    - by David Dorf
    Think about this: By reading this blog, you and I are connected. We have this blog and its topics in common, so there's a chance we have other things in common as well. In any relationship there is a degree of trust and influence. If you trust me, at least in terms of particular subjects, then I have some influence over you. If I buy an iPad, then there's an opportunity for me to influence your possible purchase of an over-hyped tablet that you don't really need. So what could a retailer do with this? Retailers that have fans and followers should assume that the friends of those fans and followers are more susceptible to their marketing efforts. If I'm a fan of Apple, then Apple will be more successful marketing to my friends than marketing to random people. Intuitively that makes sense, at least to me. Companies like 33Across and Pursway are already putting this theory into practice, and achieving some interesting results. Jeff Jarvis, who by-the-way is speaking at CrossTalk this year, has been discussing the power of influencers in social networks. In his blog he rails against marketers and says "messages and influence aren't the future of marketing; conversations and relationships are." Valuable messages will be passed on because they are valuable, not because someone has the power to exert influence. True enough, but that won't stop the efforts underway to leverage social networks for more targeted advertising. From a business perspective, this sounds like a goldmine to me; on a personal level, it's a bit creepy.

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  • SQL SERVER – Difference Between DATETIME and DATETIME2 – WITH GETDATE

    - by pinaldave
    Earlier I wrote blog post SQL SERVER – Difference Between GETDATE and SYSDATETIME which inspired me to write SQL SERVER – Difference Between DATETIME and DATETIME2. Now earlier two blog post inspired me to write this blog post (and 4 emails and 3 reads from readers). I previously populated DATETIME and DATETIME2 field with SYSDATETIME, which gave me very different behavior as SYSDATETIME was rounded up/down for the DATETIME datatype. I just ran the same experiment but instead of populating SYSDATETIME in this script I will be using GETDATE function. DECLARE @Intveral INT SET @Intveral = 10000 CREATE TABLE #TimeTable (FirstDate DATETIME, LastDate DATETIME2) WHILE (@Intveral > 0) BEGIN INSERT #TimeTable (FirstDate, LastDate) VALUES (GETDATE(), GETDATE()) SET @Intveral = @Intveral - 1 END GO SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT FirstDate) D_FirstDate, COUNT(DISTINCT LastDate) D_LastDate FROM #TimeTable GO SELECT DISTINCT a.FirstDate, b.LastDate FROM #TimeTable a INNER JOIN #TimeTable b ON a.FirstDate = b.LastDate GO SELECT * FROM #TimeTable GO DROP TABLE #TimeTable GO Let us run above script and observe the results. You will find that the values of GETDATE which is populated in both the columns FirstDate and LastDate are very much same. This is because GETDATE is of datatype DATETIME and the precision of the GETDATE is smaller than DATETIME2 there is no rounding happening. In other word, this experiment is pointless. I have included this as I got 4 emails and 3 twitter questions on this subject. If your datatype of variable is smaller than column datatype there is no manipulation of data, if data type of variable is larger than column datatype the data is rounded. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://www.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DateTime, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • Latest Chrome Canary Channel Build Adds Automatic ‘Malware Download’ Blocking Feature

    - by Akemi Iwaya
    As Chrome’s popularity continues to grow, malware authors are looking for new ways to target and trick users of Google’s browser into downloading malicious software to their computers. With this problem in mind, Google has introduced a new feature into the Canary Channel to automatically detect and block malware downloads whenever possible in order to help keep your system intact and safe. Screenshot courtesy of The Google Chrome Blog. In addition to the recent Reset Feature added to the stable build of Chrome this past August, the new feature in the Canary Channel build works to help protect you as follows: From the Google Chrome Blog post: In the current Canary build of Chrome, we’ll automatically block downloads of malware that we detect. If you see this message in the download tray at the bottom of your screen, you can click “Dismiss” knowing Chrome is working to keep you safe. (See screenshot above.) You can learn more about the new feature and download the latest Canary Channel build via the links below. Don’t mess with my browser! [Google Chrome Blog] Download the Latest Chrome Canary Build [Google] [via The Next Web]     

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  • SQL SERVER – Guest Posts – Feodor Georgiev – The Context of Our Database Environment – Going Beyond the Internal SQL Server Waits – Wait Type – Day 21 of 28

    - by pinaldave
    This guest post is submitted by Feodor. Feodor Georgiev is a SQL Server database specialist with extensive experience of thinking both within and outside the box. He has wide experience of different systems and solutions in the fields of architecture, scalability, performance, etc. Feodor has experience with SQL Server 2000 and later versions, and is certified in SQL Server 2008. In this article Feodor explains the server-client-server process, and concentrated on the mutual waits between client and SQL Server. This is essential in grasping the concept of waits in a ‘global’ application plan. Recently I was asked to write a blog post about the wait statistics in SQL Server and since I had been thinking about writing it for quite some time now, here it is. It is a wide-spread idea that the wait statistics in SQL Server will tell you everything about your performance. Well, almost. Or should I say – barely. The reason for this is that SQL Server is always a part of a bigger system – there are always other players in the game: whether it is a client application, web service, any other kind of data import/export process and so on. In short, the SQL Server surroundings look like this: This means that SQL Server, aside from its internal waits, also depends on external waits and settings. As we can see in the picture above, SQL Server needs to have an interface in order to communicate with the surrounding clients over the network. For this communication, SQL Server uses protocol interfaces. I will not go into detail about which protocols are best, but you can read this article. Also, review the information about the TDS (Tabular data stream). As we all know, our system is only as fast as its slowest component. This means that when we look at our environment as a whole, the SQL Server might be a victim of external pressure, no matter how well we have tuned our database server performance. Let’s dive into an example: let’s say that we have a web server, hosting a web application which is using data from our SQL Server, hosted on another server. The network card of the web server for some reason is malfunctioning (think of a hardware failure, driver failure, or just improper setup) and does not send/receive data faster than 10Mbs. On the other end, our SQL Server will not be able to send/receive data at a faster rate either. This means that the application users will notify the support team and will say: “My data is coming very slow.” Now, let’s move on to a bit more exciting example: imagine that there is a similar setup as the example above – one web server and one database server, and the application is not using any stored procedure calls, but instead for every user request the application is sending 80kb query over the network to the SQL Server. (I really thought this does not happen in real life until I saw it one day.) So, what happens in this case? To make things worse, let’s say that the 80kb query text is submitted from the application to the SQL Server at least 100 times per minute, and as often as 300 times per minute in peak times. Here is what happens: in order for this query to reach the SQL Server, it will have to be broken into a of number network packets (according to the packet size settings) – and will travel over the network. On the other side, our SQL Server network card will receive the packets, will pass them to our network layer, the packets will get assembled, and eventually SQL Server will start processing the query – parsing, allegorizing, generating the query execution plan and so on. So far, we have already had a serious network overhead by waiting for the packets to reach our Database Engine. There will certainly be some processing overhead – until the database engine deals with the 80kb query and its 20 subqueries. The waits you see in the DMVs are actually collected from the point the query reaches the SQL Server and the packets are assembled. Let’s say that our query is processed and it finally returns 15000 rows. These rows have a certain size as well, depending on the data types returned. This means that the data will have converted to packages (depending on the network size package settings) and will have to reach the application server. There will also be waits, however, this time you will be able to see a wait type in the DMVs called ASYNC_NETWORK_IO. What this wait type indicates is that the client is not consuming the data fast enough and the network buffers are filling up. Recently Pinal Dave posted a blog on Client Statistics. What Client Statistics does is captures the physical flow characteristics of the query between the client(Management Studio, in this case) and the server and back to the client. As you see in the image, there are three categories: Query Profile Statistics, Network Statistics and Time Statistics. Number of server roundtrips–a roundtrip consists of a request sent to the server and a reply from the server to the client. For example, if your query has three select statements, and they are separated by ‘GO’ command, then there will be three different roundtrips. TDS Packets sent from the client – TDS (tabular data stream) is the language which SQL Server speaks, and in order for applications to communicate with SQL Server, they need to pack the requests in TDS packets. TDS Packets sent from the client is the number of packets sent from the client; in case the request is large, then it may need more buffers, and eventually might even need more server roundtrips. TDS packets received from server –is the TDS packets sent by the server to the client during the query execution. Bytes sent from client – is the volume of the data set to our SQL Server, measured in bytes; i.e. how big of a query we have sent to the SQL Server. This is why it is best to use stored procedures, since the reusable code (which already exists as an object in the SQL Server) will only be called as a name of procedure + parameters, and this will minimize the network pressure. Bytes received from server – is the amount of data the SQL Server has sent to the client, measured in bytes. Depending on the number of rows and the datatypes involved, this number will vary. But still, think about the network load when you request data from SQL Server. Client processing time – is the amount of time spent in milliseconds between the first received response packet and the last received response packet by the client. Wait time on server replies – is the time in milliseconds between the last request packet which left the client and the first response packet which came back from the server to the client. Total execution time – is the sum of client processing time and wait time on server replies (the SQL Server internal processing time) Here is an illustration of the Client-server communication model which should help you understand the mutual waits in a client-server environment. Keep in mind that a query with a large ‘wait time on server replies’ means the server took a long time to produce the very first row. This is usual on queries that have operators that need the entire sub-query to evaluate before they proceed (for example, sort and top operators). However, a query with a very short ‘wait time on server replies’ means that the query was able to return the first row fast. However a long ‘client processing time’ does not necessarily imply the client spent a lot of time processing and the server was blocked waiting on the client. It can simply mean that the server continued to return rows from the result and this is how long it took until the very last row was returned. The bottom line is that developers and DBAs should work together and think carefully of the resource utilization in the client-server environment. From experience I can say that so far I have seen only cases when the application developers and the Database developers are on their own and do not ask questions about the other party’s world. I would recommend using the Client Statistics tool during new development to track the performance of the queries, and also to find a synchronous way of utilizing resources between the client – server – client. Here is another example: think about similar setup as above, but add another server to the game. Let’s say that we keep our media on a separate server, and together with the data from our SQL Server we need to display some images on the webpage requested by our user. No matter how simple or complicated the logic to get the images is, if the images are 500kb each our users will get the page slowly and they will still think that there is something wrong with our data. Anyway, I don’t mean to get carried away too far from SQL Server. Instead, what I would like to say is that DBAs should also be aware of ‘the big picture’. I wrote a blog post a while back on this topic, and if you are interested, you can read it here about the big picture. And finally, here are some guidelines for monitoring the network performance and improving it: Run a trace and outline all queries that return more than 1000 rows (in Profiler you can actually filter and sort the captured trace by number of returned rows). This is not a set number; it is more of a guideline. The general thought is that no application user can consume that many rows at once. Ask yourself and your fellow-developers: ‘why?’. Monitor your network counters in Perfmon: Network Interface:Output queue length, Redirector:Network errors/sec, TCPv4: Segments retransmitted/sec and so on. Make sure to establish a good friendship with your network administrator (buy them coffee, for example J ) and get into a conversation about the network settings. Have them explain to you how the network cards are setup – are they standalone, are they ‘teamed’, what are the settings – full duplex and so on. Find some time to read a bit about networking. In this short blog post I hope I have turned your attention to ‘the big picture’ and the fact that there are other factors affecting our SQL Server, aside from its internal workings. As a further reading I would still highly recommend the Wait Stats series on this blog, also I would recommend you have the coffee break conversation with your network admin as soon as possible. This guest post is written by Feodor Georgiev. Read all the post in the Wait Types and Queue series. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, Readers Contribution, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Wait Stats, SQL Wait Types, T SQL

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