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  • Debian/Ubuntu - No network connection

    - by leviathanus
    I have a very weird situation on my Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Server. I can not access (ping) my gateway, although I believe my config is ok - I attach the outputs. Any hints where to look? (I changed the beginning of the IP to something different, just obfuscation) ping 5.9.10.129 PING 5.9.10.129 (5.9.10.129) 56(84) bytes of data. From 5.9.10.129 (5.9.10.129) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 5.9.10.129 (5.9.10.129) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 5.9.10.129 (5.9.10.129) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable uname -r 3.2.0-29-generic ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 3c:97:0e:0e:54:d7 inet addr:5.9.10.142 Bcast:5.9.10.159 Mask:255.255.255.224 inet6 addr: fe80::8e70:5aff:feda:c4ac/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1216 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:490 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:107470 (107.4 KB) TX bytes:34344 (34.3 KB) Interrupt:17 Memory:d2500000-d2520000 ip route default via 5.9.10.129 dev eth0 metric 100 5.9.10.128/27 via 5.9.10.129 dev eth0 5.9.10.128/27 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 5.9.10.142 route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 5.9.10.129 0.0.0.0 UG 1000 0 0 eth0 5.9.10.128 5.9.10.129 255.255.255.224 UG 0 0 0 eth0 5.9.10.128 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.224 U 0 0 0 eth0 iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination UPD: Eric, this is how routing information looks on a working server: 0.0.0.0 78.47.198.49 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0 78.47.198.48 78.47.198.49 255.255.255.240 UG 0 0 0 eth0 78.47.198.48 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.240 U 0 0 0 eth0 As I understand it, Hetzner tries to ensure security by this, so I can not take over an IP by changing my MAC. But this is another server, which has another netmask (255.255.255.240) UPD2: BatchyX, on the working server: 78.47.198.49 dev eth0 src 78.47.198.60 cache on the broken: 5.9.10.129 dev eth0 src 5.9.10.142 cache

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  • Can't install or update Ubuntu after using parameter acpi_osi = Linux

    - by Lucas Leitão
    I recently had an issue with my acer 4736z notebook because I was having a blank screen after booting the OS, then someone told me to use the parameter GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT = "quiet splash acpi_osi = Linux" after quiet splash inside the grub. It worked for me, but since then I can't install a thing or update anything on Linux because it says Removing linux-image-extra-3.5.0-17-generic ... Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d . run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.5.0-17-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-17-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.5.0-17-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 11: /etc/default/grub: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT: not found run-parts: /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 127 Failed to process /etc/kernel/postrm.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-extra-3.5.0-17-generic.postrm line 328. dpkg: erro ao processar linux-image-extra-3.5.0-17-generic (--remove): sub-processo script post-removal instalado retornou estado de saída de erro 1 Removendo linux-image-3.5.0-17-generic ... Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d . run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.5.0-17-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-17-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.5.0-17-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 11: /etc/default/grub: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT: not found run-parts: /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 127 Failed to process /etc/kernel/postrm.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.5.0-17-generic.postrm line 328. dpkg: erro ao processar linux-image-3.5.0-17-generic (--remove): sub-processo script post-removal instalado retornou estado de saída de erro 1 Erros foram encontrados durante o processamento de: linux-image-extra-3.5.0-17-generic linux-image-3.5.0-17-generic E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I already tried to remove older kernels but it gives me the same message. Do you have a clue about what should I do?

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  • What Linux platform is Ubuntu Server

    - by Graeme
    I'm just trying to get an old HP ML150 up and running to learn on. I've installed ubuntu server on it and have found the drivers are all not installed. HP has drivers but I have no clue what platform to download.This is what I have to choose from. » Novell NetWare 6.5 » Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 (AMD64/EM64T) » Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4 (x86) » Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Server (x86) » Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Server (x86-64) » SCO OpenServer 5 » SCO OpenServer 6 » SCO UnixWare 7 » SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 (AMD64/EM64T) » SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 (x86) » SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (AMD64/EM64T) » SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 9 (x86) Any suggestions? Thank you in advance guys for your help.

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  • Ubuntu: disable udev's persistent-net-generator.rules

    - by Luke404
    I'm using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS server edition and I am modifying /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules to define my own mappings of ethernet interfaces to MAC addresses; that file is initially generated by rules in /lib/udev/rules.d/75-persistent-net-generator.rules at system installation time (or at the first boot, I actually don't know and it doesn't matter here). How can I be sure that my edited version will never ever be overwritten by anything? Removing the persistent-net-generator, as suggested on some websites, is not the Right Thing™ to do as told by comments in the file itself: it will be overwritten by any update of the udev package. I'm looking for a more formally correct way to disable it. Is it enough to just make sure that /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules does exist? Maybe there are other events that could trigger its regeneration? (eg. adding or removing ethernet interfaces to the system?)

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  • Same netmask or /32 for secondary IP on Linux

    - by derobert
    There appear to be (at least) two ways to add a secondary IP address to an interface on Linux. By secondary, I mean that it'll accept traffic to the IP address, and responses to connections made to that IP will use it as a source, but any traffic the box originates (e.g., an outgoing TCP connection) will not use the secondary address. Both ways start with adding the primary address, e.g., ip addr add 172.16.8.10/24 dev lan. Then I can add the secondary address with either a netmask of /24 (matching the primary) or /32. If I add it with a /24, it gets flagged secondary, so will not be used as the source of outgoing packets, but that leaves a risk of the two addresses being added in the wrong order by mistake. If I add it with /32, wrong order can't happen, but it doesn't get flagged as secondary, and I'm not sure what the bad effects of that may be. So, I'm wondering, which approach is least likely to break? (If it matters, the main service on this machine is MySQL, but it also runs NFSv3. I'm adding a second machine as a warm standby, and hope to switch between them by changing which owns the secondary IP.)

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  • Linux VLAN Bridge

    - by raspi
    I have home network with VLANs, one for LAN, one for WLAN and one for internet. I'd like to use bridging so that instead of configuring these same VLANs to every machine, they had own VLAN ID and bridges were LAN, WLAN and internet. I've tried it but for some reason keep-alive/ttl seems to get broken because SSH sessions etc suddenly disconnects. We have this same setup working in workplace for 4+ years with 100+ customers but it's custom firewall/router hardware so accessing it is impossible. I know that it runs Linux. So what is Debian/Ubuntu default network settings doing wrong or is it just NIC driver/hw problem? I've tried to mess araund with ttl etc settings without any luck. The bad stuff is happening in the bridge because current VLAN-only setup works fine. interfaces: auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface allow-hotplug eth0 allow-hotplug eth1 iface eth0 inet static iface eth1 inet static auto vlan111 auto vlan222 auto vlan333 auto vlan444 auto br0 auto br1 auto br2 # LAN iface vlan111 inet static vlan_raw_device eth0 # WLAN iface vlan222 inet static vlan_raw_device eth0 # ADSL Modem iface vlan333 inet static vlan_raw_device eth1 # Internet iface vlan444 inet static vlan_raw_device eth0 # LAN bridge iface br0 inet static address 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 bridge_ports eth0.111 bridge_stp on # Internet bridge iface br1 inet static address x.x.x.x netmask x.x.x.x gateway x.x.x.x bridge_ports eth1.333 eth0.444 bridge_stp on post-up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o br1 -j MASQUERADE pre-down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -o br1 -j MASQUERADE # WLAN bridge iface br2 inet static address 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 bridge_ports eth0.222 bridge_stp on Sysctl: net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1

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  • Best practices for thin-provisioning Linux servers (on VMware)

    - by nbr
    I have a setup of about 20 Linux machines, each with about 30-150 gigabytes of customer data. Probably the size of data will grow significantly faster on some machines than others. These are virtual machines on a VMware vSphere cluster. The disk images are stored on a SAN system. I'm trying to find a solution that would use disk space sparingly, while still allowing for easy growing of individual machines. In theory, I would just create big disks for each machine and use thin provisioning. Each disk would grow as needed. However, it seems that a 500 GB ext3 filesystem with only 50 GB of data and quite a low number of writes still easily grows the disk image to eg. 250 GB over time. Or maybe I'm doing something wrong here? (I was surprised how little I found on the subject with Google. BTW, there's even no thin-provisioning tag on serverfault.com.) Currently I'm planning to create big, thin-provisioned disks - but with a small LVM volume on them. For example: a 100 GB volume on a 500 GB disk. That way I could more easily grow the LVM volume and the filesystem size as needed, even online. Now for the actual question: Are there better ways to do this? (that is, to grow data size as needed without downtime.) Possible solutions include: Using a thin-provisioning friendly filesystem that tries to occupy the same spots over and over again, thus not growing the image size. Finding an easy method of reclaiming free space on the partition (re-thinning?) Something else? A bonus question: If I go with my current plan, would you recommend creating partitions on the disks (pvcreate /dev/sdX1 vs pvcreate /dev/sdX)? I think it's against conventions to use raw disks without partitions, but it would make it a bit easier to grow the disks, if that is ever needed. This is all just a matter of taste, right?

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  • Linux: Send mail to external mail box from a server with that user's hostname

    - by dtbarne
    I've got sendmail running on a linux box. Let's say the hostname of the box is bar.com. If I run the following command, I don't receive the email (which is hosted with a third party), presumably due to the hostname pointing to the local machine. echo "Test Body" | mail -s "Test Subject" [email protected] Is there any way to get this to work so that I can receive emails at my third party email address even though it has the same hostname? Do I have to change the hostname of this server (not preferred)? It may be worth noting that I created a user "foo" on my machine and noticed that the mailbox for that account is empty. I noticed these log entries, which may or may not be relevant: Jun 28 01:09:48 bar sendmail[14338]: p5S59min014338: from=apache, size=80, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, relay=apache@localhost Jun 28 01:09:48 bar sendmail[14339]: p5S59mIA014339: from=<[email protected]>, size=293, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.localdomain [127.0.$ Jun 28 01:09:48 bar sendmail[14338]: p5S59min014338: [email protected], ctladdr=apache (48/48), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30080, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (p5S59mIA$ Jun 28 01:09:48 bar sendmail[14340]: p5S59mIA014339: to=<[email protected]>, ctladdr=<[email protected]> (48/48), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=30495, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent

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  • Linux - preventing an application from failing due to lack of disk space [migrated]

    - by Jernej
    Due to an unpredicted scenario I am currently in need of finding a solution to the fact that an application (which I do not wish to kill) is slowly hogging the entire disk space. To give more context I have an application in Python that uses multiprocessing.Pool to start 5 threads. Each thread writes some data to its own file. The program is running on Linux and I do not have root access to the machine. The program is CPU intensive and has been running for months. It still has a few days to write all the data. 40% of the data in the files is redundant and can be removed after a quick test. The system on which the program is running only has 30GB of remaining disk space and at the current rate of work it will surely be hogged before the program finishes. Given the above points I see the following solutions with respective problems Given that the process number i is writing to file_i, is it safe to move file_i to an external location? Will the OS simply create a new instance of file_i and write to it? I assume moving the file would remove it and the process would end up writing to a "dead" file? Is there a "command line" way to stop 4 of the 5 spawned workers and wait until one of them finishes and then resume their work? (I am sure one single worker thread would avoid hogging the disk) Suppose I use CTRL+Z to freeze the main process. Will this stop all the other processes spawned by multiprocessing.Pool? If yes, can I then safely edit the files as to remove the redundant lines? Given the three options that I see, would any of them work in this context? If not, is there a better way to handle this problem? I would really like to avoid the scenario in which the program crashes just few days before its finish.

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  • Connect linux server to VPN server via PPTP

    - by wowpatrick
    I'm trying to connect a Linux (Ubuntu 10.04 LST) server to a VPN server via the PPTP client to an VPN server. I configured the PPTP client as said in the documentation. The connection is correctly added as an interface, but somehow the connection dose not work. ping -I ppp0 google.com dose not return anything and traceroute -i ppp0 only shows the first hop, and then displays nothing. Any ideas of what is going wrong? Incorrect routing configuration? ifconfig output for the configured interface: ppp0 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol inet addr:xx.x.xxx.xxx P-t-P:10.0.0.1 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1496 Metric:1 RX packets:415 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:468 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:3 RX bytes:31428 (31.4 KB) TX bytes:32394 (32.3 KB) route output Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface xx.x.x.1 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 xx.xxx.xxx.xx sp.ip 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.3.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.2.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 default sp.ip 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth1

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  • Active node stops resources when pasive node is shutdown

    - by Wakaru44
    2 nodes, active/pasive. 2 resources, a virtual ip, openLdap, and the nfs mount where openldap saves the data. When both nodes are up, things worked fine. You could move resources away and put the active in stanby. But when i rebooted the passive node, ( with the resources in the active node), and the passive node loses conectivity, all the resources in the active where stopped by pacemaker. I'm reading the documentation right now, but I just need a little quick tip to figure what could be hapenning here. Im using: corosync pacemaker RHEL 6

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  • What can cause a kernel hang on redhat 4?

    - by Ivan Buttinoni
    I've to solve a nasty problem on a ten machine "cluster": randomly one of these machine hang during an hard computation, sometime still ping sometime not. The problem was described me at the phone, I've still no touch/see these machine, so I can't be more precise. It seem there's no (real) keyboard or monitor linked to them, so I haven't nothing about keyboard led or messages on monitor. Don't worry, what I really need is some suggestion where to search the problem, some suggestions on what can cause a kernel hang on a working machine. I also see this post, but seem same need on a different situation. My ideas since now: - HW problem (ram, cpu, fan etc.) - bad autofs configuration - bad nfs(?) configuration - presence of a trojan/hacker/etc - /dev/"swap" linked to /dev/zero - kernel out of memory(??) - kernel bugged In other words I try to imagine what kind of envent can occour that can crash the kernel insted of the application that generate the event. What hang have YOU experienced before? Write it to me! TIA

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  • User http does not have write permissions directory?

    - by dwieeb
    I have a bit of an odd set up, I think. I have groups for each domain my server hosts, and I add the user http to each domain group along with the users that should have access to the groups' domains. In my php script running from a directory 'public_html', I try creating a file: <?php $output = ""; print exec('touch test 2>&1', $output); But I get touch: cannot touch `test': Permission denied and the file is not created. But here, clearly stated, the group has all permissions on the directory: drwxrwxr-x 5 dwieeb example.com 1024 Feb 4 05:19 public_html And here are the permissions on the php file in public_html that is trying to use the exec function: -rw-rw-r-- 1 dwieeb example.com 59 Feb 4 05:19 test.php How is this possible if http is part of the example.com group (as seen from a cat on /etc/group) and the directory has full permissions for the group? ... example.com:x:1000:dwieeb,http I'm stumped. EDIT (since apparently I'm not cool enough to answer my own questions yet): Ah, I found the problem. Yes, I restarted Nginx, but the php-fpm daemon must be restarted as well when http is added to the group for my domain. On Arch Linux: rc.d restart php-fpm

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  • linux container bridge filters ARP reply

    - by Dani Camps
    I am using kernel 3.0, and I have configured a linux container that is bridged to a tap interface in my host computer. This is the bridge configuration: :~$ brctl show bridge-1 bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces bridge-1 8000.9249c78a510b no ns3-mesh-tap-1 vethjUErij My problem is that this bridge is dropping ARP replies that come from the ns3-mesh-tap-1 interface. Instead, if I statically populate the ARP tables and ping directly everything works, so it has to be something related to ARP. I have read about similar problems in related posts, and I have tried with the solutions explained therein but nothing seems to work. Specifically: ~$ grep net.bridge /etc/sysctl.conf net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-filter-vlan-tagged = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-filter-pppoe-tagged = 0 arptables and ebtables are not installed. iptables FORWARD is all set to accept: Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination The bridged interfaces are set to PROMISC: ~$ ifconfig ns3-mesh-tap-1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 1a:c7:24:ef:36:1a ... UP BROADCAST PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 vethjUErij Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr aa:b0:d1:3b:9a:0a .... UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 The macs learned by the bridge are correct (checked with brctl showmacs). Any insight on what I am doing wrong would be greatly appreciated. Best Regards Daniel

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  • scp vs netatalk, samba, and/or vsftpd with External USB drive

    - by KitsuneYMG
    I set up a ubuntu server machine to share an ext2 formatted external usb drive. When attempting to copy a single 275MB files from said device through netatalk, I get estimated download rates at around 45 min. With samba and ftp (using vsftpd) I get 1+ hours! Using scp to copy the file results in complete download within 5 minutes. Another option, ssh+cp from external device to ~ and then using netatalk to grab it from there results in a total time of arounf 7 minutes. Does anyone have a clue what is misconfigured? Assuming that nothing is, is there any fs/pseudo-fs that would use the internal hdd as an intermediate location/onion-layer for the external hdd (for reads only)? Details: AppleVolumes.default: /mnt/ext USB allow:username cnidscheme:cdb options:usedots,upriv

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  • Machine only responds to network requests from machines it is pinging

    - by ILikeFood
    I have two machines. WOPR: Ubuntu server edition 10.10 LTS 32 bit Adam Selene: Windows 7 home premium 64 bit / Ubuntu Desktop 10.10 LTS 64 bit I want to be able to SSH from Adam Selene to WOPR, so I connect them to the same network. Here's where things get weird. I cannot connect to WOPR in any way under normal circumstances. But, if WOPR is pinging Adam, then it starts responding to ping requests, HTTP gets, and SSH tunnels. I'm an amateur, and brand new to Ubuntu server, so I suspect there's a misconfiguration somewhere, but there's an off chance it's a bug in the OS. Does anyone know what might cause this behavior? Thanks a lot!

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  • netmask: command not found

    - by Ian R.
    I purchased a new server with a few ip's so I modified the /etc/network/interfaces file recently so that my ip's can go live. While editing that file I created a backup and deleted the original file. I recreated the interfaces file using the touch command and gave +x permissions but now, when trying to restart the interface (/etc/network/interfaces restart) I get all sorts of errors: /etc/network/interfaces: line 10: iface: command not found /etc/network/interfaces: line 11: address: command not found /etc/network/interfaces: line 12: netmask: command not found /etc/network/interfaces: line 13: auto: command not found Can any1 point what I forgot to do? Thanks.

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  • Windows-to-linux: Putty with SSH and private/public key pair

    - by Johnny Kauffman
    I spent about 3 hours trying to figure out how to connect to a linux box from my windows machine using putty without having to send the password. This is connecting to an Ubuntu server that is using OpenSSH. The private key is SSH-2 RSA, 1024 bits. I am connecting using SSH2. I have run into the more common problems already: Putty generated the public key in the "wrong format". I have corrected this (as seen on this blog post). However, since I am not yet connected, I cannot absolutely confirm that this file is in the correct format. The key is all on a single line now, and I have tried adding/removing line breaks at the end of the file. I've also tried the public file doctoring process a few times to ensure that I haven't flubbed up the manual conversion. Even so, I have no way to verify accuracy here. The permissions were at once point wrong as well, specifically meaning that the file had too many permissions. I had to solve this too and I know it got past this because I no longer see a related error in /var/log/auth.log. I've tried both authorized_keys and authorized_keys2 in case the server has an old version of OpenSSH, but this changed nothing. I do have access as a user. After this keyfile stuff fails, I can enter my password instead The only remaining nibble of information I have is that it claims I have the alleged password wrong: sshd[22288]: Failed password for zzzzzzz from zz.zz.zz.zz port 53620 ssh2 Even so, as far as I can tell, this is just a lazy try/catch somewhere, since I don't think there's a password involved at all. I see nothing else in any of the /var/log files of use. What else could be wrong?

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  • Desktop Provisioning for a Small Linux Software Development Team

    - by deakblue
    Goal: Get a small team using a standard development image rather than 4 software devs setting up their own environments. Why: it takes a day or days to install a distro, build-specific libraries, tools like editors and IDEs, mysql, couchdb, java, maven, python, android-sdk, etc. It's a giant PITA that when repeated 4 times by 4 developers (not sys admins) wastes time and generates annoying divergences that crop up later (it-builds-on-my-box syndrome). There's no sharing of productivity, settings, tricks, scripts, set-ups. Some of this is helped by segregating the build systems into headless virtualbox images. This doesn't really address tooling though or the GUI-desktop dev that needs doing. So I see three basic strategies, ghosting, virtualization, and finally creating a kind of in-house linux distro (I guess Google does something like this). The target dev environment is based on Debian OpenBox and must allow a mix of 3rd gen Core i7 notebooks 8GB-minimum to work both single and multihead. Important, the lappies are not the same, but a mix of 2012 macbooks and PCs. So: virtualization: is doing all of your work within a VM, like VirtualBox, practical on this hardware or annoying. ghosting: will laptops from different manufacturers make this impractical. DIY distro: short of scripting a bunch of package installs, I don't know if there's any "distro-maker" that could keep this from being an epic project of scripting package installs. So any advice?

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  • Copying files between linux machines with strong authentication but without encryption

    - by Zizzencs
    I'm looking for a suitable program to copy files from one linux machine to another one. The program should be able to do authentication but it should not do encryption. The reason behind the latter is the lack of CPU power to do the encryption. I copy backups from ~70 machines to a single backup server simultaneously. The single server is an HP Proliant DL360 G7, with 10 Gbps ethernet connection and an FC storage backend that can do 4 Gbps. Through FTP I can write ~400MB/sec to the storage (that's about what I want) but through ssh with arcfour I can only do ~100MB/sec while having 100% CPU usage. That's why I want file transfers not to be encrypted. The alternatives that I found not really suitable: rcp: no authentication, forget it FTP: making the authentication "secure" (at least preventing plain-text password exchange) is possible but not really easy and I haven't found a method to force any FTP daemon to encrypt the control channel (for the authentication) and not to encrypt the data channel (for data transfers) SCP/SFTP: in farely recent ssh(d) implementations you can't turn off encryption. The best you can do is to use the arcfour cypher for the encryption but it sill uses too much CPU power for my needs. rsync over ssh: same problems as with SCP/SFTP. plain rsync: from the documentation of rsyncd: "The authentication protocol used in rsync is a 128 bit MD4 based challenge response system. This is fairly weak protection, though (with at least one brute-force hash-finding algorithm publicly available), so if you want really top-quality security, then I recommend that you run rsync over ssh." It's a no-go. Is there a protocol/program that can do exactly what I want? (A big plus would be if it could work on windows as well and/or if it would support rsync-stlye copying/synchronization (e.g. copy only the differences).)

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  • Linux arp cache timeout values

    - by Jak
    I'm trying to configure sane values for the Linux kernel arp cache timeout, but I can't find a detailed explanation as to how they work anywhere. Even the kernel.org documentation doesn't give a good explanation, I can only find recommended values to alleviate overflow. Here is an example of the values I have: net.ipv4.neigh.default.gc_thresh1 = 128 net.ipv4.neigh.default.gc_thresh2 = 512 net.ipv4.neigh.default.gc_thresh3 = 1024 Now, from what I've gathered so far: gc_thresh1 is the number of arp entries allowed before the garbage collector starts removing any entries at all. gc_thresh2 is the soft-limit, which is the number of entries allowed before the garbage collector actively removes arp entries. gc_thresh3 is the hard limit, where entries above this number are aggressively removed. Now, if I understand correctly, if the number of arp entries goes beyond gc_thresh1 but remains below gc_thresh2, the excess will be removed periodically with an interval set by gc_interval. My question is, if the number of entries goes beyond gc_thresh2 but below gc_thresh3, or if the number goes beyond gc_thresh3, how are the entries removed? In other words, what does "actively" and "aggressively" removed mean exactly? I assume it means they are removed more frequently than what is defined in gc_interval, but I can't find by how much.

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  • Unable to mount root fs over NFS [on hold]

    - by johnmadrak
    I am attempting to set up a Raspberry Pi running Pidora to boot from an NFS share. My configuration in cmdline.txt is: dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=ttyAMA0,115200 console=tty1 root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=<serverip>:/fake/path,nfsvers=3,rw,nolock nfsrootdebug ip=dhcp elevator=deadline rootwait On the Pi, the output I see is: IP-Config: Got DHCP answer from <router>, my address is <clientip> IP-Config: Complete: device=eth0, hwaddr=<macaddress>, ipaddr=<clientip>, mask=255.255.255.0, gw=<routerip> host=<clientip>, domain=, nis-domain=(none) bootserver=<routerip>, rootserver=<serverip>, rootpath= nameserver0=<routerip> (It pauses for a bit here) VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy VFS: Cannot open root device "nfs" or unknown-block(2,0); error -6 Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions: ..... On the NFS Server (an OpenVZ Container), the output I see in the /var/log/messages is: Aug 22 23:24:01 vps-4178 rpc.mountd[928]: authenticated mount request from <clientip>:783 for /fake/path (/fake/path) Aug 22 23:24:38 vps-4178 rpc.mountd[928]: authenticated mount request from <clientip>:741 for /fake/path (/fake/path) Aug 22 23:25:25 vps-4178 rpc.mountd[928]: authenticated mount request from <clientip>:752 for /fake/path (/fake/path) Aug 22 23:26:12 vps-4178 rpc.mountd[928]: authenticated mount request from <clientip>:876 for /fake/path (/fake/path) To test, I've made sure I can mount (non-root) from both the Pi and another machine and it worked. Does anyone have an idea on what could be wrong or how to narrow it down? Thank you in advanced for your help.

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  • Large, high performance object or key/value store for HTTP serving on Linux

    - by Tommy
    I have a service that serves images to end users at a very high rate using plain HTTP. The images vary between 4 and 64kbytes, and there are 1.300.000.000 of them in total. The dataset is about 30TiB in size and changes (new objects, updates, deletes) make out less than 1% of the requests. The number of requests pr. second vary from 240 to 9000 and is dispersed pretty much all over, with few objects being especially "hot". As of now, these images are files on a ext3 filesystem distributed read only across a large amount of mid range servers. This poses several problems: Using a fileysystem is very inefficient since the metadata size is large, the inode/dentry cache is volatile on linux and some daemons tend to stat()/readdir() it's way through the directory structure, which in my case becomes very expensive. Updating the dataset is very time consuming and requires remounting between set A and B. The only reasonable handling is operating on the block device for backup, copying, etc. What I would like is a deamon that: speaks HTTP (get, put, delete and perhaps update) stores data it in an efficient structure. The index should remain in memory, and considering the amount of objects, the overhead must be small. The software should be able to handle massive connections with slow (if any) time needed to ramp up. Index should be read in memory at startup. Statistics would be nice, but not mandatory. I have experimented a bit with riak, redis, mongodb, kyoto and varnish with persistent storage, but I haven't had the chance to dig in really deep yet.

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  • Caching/preloading files on Linux into RAM

    - by Andrioid
    I have a rather old server that has 4GB of RAM and it is pretty much serving the same files all day, but it is doing so from the hard drive while 3GBs of RAM are "free". Anyone who has ever tried running a ram-drive can witness that It's awesome in terms of speed. The memory usage of this system is usually never higher than 1GB/4GB so I want to know if there is a way to use that extra memory for something good. Is it possible to tell the filesystem to always serve certain files out of RAM? Are there any other methods I can use to improve file reading capabilities by use of RAM? More specifically, I am not looking for a 'hack' here. I want file system calls to serve the files from RAM without needing to create a ram-drive and copy the files there manually. Or at least a script that does this for me. Possible applications here are: Web servers with static files that get read alot Application servers with large libraries Desktop computers with too much RAM Any ideas? Edit: Found this very informative: The Linux Page Cache and pdflush As Zan pointed out, the memory isn't actually free. What I mean is that it's not being used by applications and I want to control what should be cached in memory.

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