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  • Tuples vs. Anonymous Types vs. Expando object. (in regards to LINQ queries)

    - by punkouter
    I am a beginner who finally started understanding anonymous types. (see old post http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3010147/what-is-the-return-type-for-a-anonymous-linq-query-select-what-is-the-best-way-t) So in LINQ queries you form the type of return value you want within the linq query right? It seems the way to do this is anonymous type right? Can someone explain to me if and when I could use a Tuple/Expando object instead? They all seem very simliar?

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  • SSL certificates and types for securing your websites and applications

    - by Mit Naik
    Need to share few information regarding SSL certificates and there types, which SSL certificates are widely used etc. There are several SSL certificates available in the market today inorder to secure your domains, multiple subdomains, your applications and code too. Few of the details are mentioned below. CheapSSL certificates available today are Standard Rapidssl certificate, Thwate SSL 123 etc certificates which are basic level certificates. Most of these cheap SSL certificates are domain-validated only and don't provide the greatest trust for your customers. This means you shouldn't use cheap SSL certificates on e-commerce stores or other public-facing sites that require people to trust the site. EV certificates I found Geotrust Truebusinessid with EV certificate which is one of the cheapest certificate available in market today, you can also find Thwate, Versign EV version of certificates. Its designed to prevent phishing attacks better than normal SSL certificates. What makes an EV Certificate so special? An SSL Certificate Provider has to do some extensive validation to give you one including: Verifying that your organization is legally registered and active, Verifying the address and phone number of your organization, Verifying that your organization has exclusive right to use the domain specified in the EV Certificate, Verifying that the person ordering the certificate has been authorized by the organization, Verifying that your organization is not on any government blacklists. SSL WILDCARD CERTIFICATES, SSL Wildcard Certificates are big money-savers. An SSL Wildcard Certificate allows you to secure an unlimited number of first-level sub-domains on a single domain name. For example, if you need to secure the following websites: * www.yourdomain.com * secure.yourdomain.com * product.yourdomain.com * info.yourdomain.com * download.yourdomain.com * anything.yourdomain.com and all of these websites are hosted on the multiple server box, you can purchase and install one Wildcard certificate issued to *.yourdomain.com to secure all these sites. SAN CERTIFICATES, are interesting certificates and are helpfull if you want to secure multiple domains by generating single CSR and can install the same certificate on your additional sites without generating new CSRs for all the additional domains. CODE SIGNING CERTIFICATES, A code signing certificate is a file containing a digital signature that can be used to sign executables and scripts in order to verify your identity and ensure that your code has not been tampered with since it was signed. This helps your users to determine whether your software can be trusted. Scroll to the chart below to compare cheap code signing certificates. A code signing certificate allows you to sign code using a private and public key system similar to how an SSL certificate secures a website. When you request a code signing certificate, a public/private key pair is generated. The certificate authority will then issue a code signing certificate that contains the public key. A certificate for code signing needs to be signed by a trusted certificate authority so that the operating system knows that your identity has been validated. You could still use the code signing certificate to sign and distribute malicious software but you will be held legally accountable for it. You can sign many different types of code. The most common types include Windows applications such as .exe, .cab, .dll, .ocx, and .xpi files (using an Authenticode certificate), Apple applications (using an Apple code signing certificate), Microsoft Office VBA objects and macros (using a VBA code signing certificate), .jar files (using a Java code signing certificate), .air or .airi files (using an Adobe AIR certificate), and Windows Vista drivers and other kernel-mode software (using a Vista code certificate). In reality, a code signing certificate can sign almost all types of code as long as you convert the certificate to the correct format first. Also I found the below URL which provides you good suggestion regarding purchasing best SSL certificates for securing your site, as per the Financial institution, Bank, Hosting providers, ISP, Retail Merchants etc. Please vote and provide comments or any additional suggestions regarding SSL certificates.

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  • Programme d'étude sur le C++ bas niveau n° 2 : les types de données, un article d'Alex Darby traduit par Bousk

    Dans ce deuxième article sur le C++ bas niveau, Alex Darby aborde les types de données et leurs représentations internes. Programme d'étude sur le C++ bas niveau n° 2 : les types de données Quels sont les points les plus importants pour vous à connaître sur les types ? Connaissez-vous d'autres subtilités sur les types de données ? Bonne lecture. Retrouver l'ensemble des articles de cette série sur la

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  • iPhone UIWebView: loadData does not work with certain types (Excel, MSWord, PPT, RTF)

    - by Thomas Tempelmann
    My task is to display the supported document types on an iPhone with OS 3.x, such as .pdf, .rtf, .doc, .ppt, .png, .tiff etc. Now, I have stored these files only encrypted on disk. For security reasons, I want to avoid storing them unencrypted on disk. Hence, I prefer to use loadData:MIMEType:textEncodingName:baseURL: instead of loadRequest: to display the document because loadData allows me to pass the content in a NSData object, i.e. I can decrypt the file in memory and have no need to store it on disk, as it would be required when using loadRequest. The problem is that loadData does not appear to work with all file types: Testing shows that all picture types seem to work fine, as well as PDFs, while the more complex types don't. I get a errors such as: NSURLErrorDomain Code=100 NSURLErrorDomain Code=102 WebView appears to need a truly working URL for accessing the documents as a file, despite me offering all content via the NSData object already. Here's the code I use to display the content: [webView loadData:data MIMEType:type textEncodingName:@"utf-8" baseURL:nil]; The mime-type is properly set, e.g. to "application/msword" for .doc files. Does anyone know how I could get loadData to work with all types that loadRequest supports? Or, alternatively, is there some way I can tell which types do work for sure (i.e. officially sanctioned by Apple) with loadData? Then I can work twofold, creating a temp unencrypted file only for those cases that loadData won't like. Update Looks like I'm not the first one running into this. See here: http://osdir.com/ml/iPhoneSDKDevelopment/2010-03/msg00216.html So, I guess, that's the status quo, and nothing I can do about it. Someone suggested a work-around which might work, though: http://osdir.com/ml/iPhoneSDKDevelopment/2010-03/msg00219.html Basically, the idea is to provide a tiny http server that serves the file (from memory in my case), and then use loadRequest. This is probably a bit more memory-intensive, though, as both the server and the webview will probably both hold the entire contents in memory as two copies then, as opposed to using loadData, where both would rather share the same data object. (Mind you, I'll have to hold the decrypted data in memory, that's the whole point here).

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  • Clojure Protocols vs Scala Structural Types

    - by Vasil Remeniuk
    After watching the interview with Rich Hickey on Protocols in Clojure 1.2, and knowing very little about Clojure, I have some questions on Clojure Protocols: Are they intended to do the same thing as Structural Types in Scala? What benefits do Protocols have over Structural Types (performance, flexibility, code clarity, etc.)? Are they implemented through reflections? Questions on interoperability with Scala: Can Protocols be used instead of Structural Types in Scala? Can they be extended (if 'extension' term can be applied to Protocols) in Scala?

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  • Ndepend CQL to find methods of certain types using particular framework assembly

    - by icelava
    In order to check if types not derived from certain base classes are using a low-level framework assembly, the following query can be used. SELECT TYPES WHERE IsDirectlyUsing "ASSEMBLY:Framework.Data" AND !(DeriveFrom "App.BaseTypes.BusinessFacadeBase" OR DeriveFrom "App.BaseTypes.BusinessComponentBase" OR DeriveFrom "App.BaseTypes.DataAccessComponentBase") Now I wish to drill down further to see which methods from those classes are actually doing so. But the thing is if I change the query target from TYPES to METHODS then DeriveFrom is not going to apply. How can these criteria be preserved?

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  • How to handle Oracle Store Procedure call with Oracle Types as input or output using EclipseLink

    - by MAK
    Hi, I doing a Proof Of Concept to figure out how efficient to call a store procedure using EclipseLink. I was able to call oracle store procedure using EclispeLink with Scalar/primitive data types (link Integer, varchar etc). I wanted to understand how can I handle Oracle Store procedure from EclipseLink with collection(Oracle Types/User defined types) as input or output parameters. I would really appreciate if some one help me understand this with an example. Thanks MAK

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  • Python metaclass for enforcing immutability of custom types

    - by Mark Lehmacher
    Having searched for a way to enforce immutability of custom types and not having found a satisfactory answer I came up with my own shot at a solution in form of a metaclass: class ImmutableTypeException( Exception ): pass class Immutable( type ): ''' Enforce some aspects of the immutability contract for new-style classes: - attributes must not be created, modified or deleted after object construction - immutable types must implement __eq__ and __hash__ ''' def __new__( meta, classname, bases, classDict ): instance = type.__new__( meta, classname, bases, classDict ) # Make sure __eq__ and __hash__ have been implemented by the immutable type. # In the case of __hash__ also make sure the object default implementation has been overridden. # TODO: the check for eq and hash functions could probably be done more directly and thus more efficiently # (hasattr does not seem to traverse the type hierarchy) if not '__eq__' in dir( instance ): raise ImmutableTypeException( 'Immutable types must implement __eq__.' ) if not '__hash__' in dir( instance ): raise ImmutableTypeException( 'Immutable types must implement __hash__.' ) if _methodFromObjectType( instance.__hash__ ): raise ImmutableTypeException( 'Immutable types must override object.__hash__.' ) instance.__setattr__ = _setattr instance.__delattr__ = _delattr return instance def __call__( self, *args, **kwargs ): obj = type.__call__( self, *args, **kwargs ) obj.__immutable__ = True return obj def _setattr( self, attr, value ): if '__immutable__' in self.__dict__ and self.__immutable__: raise AttributeError( "'%s' must not be modified because '%s' is immutable" % ( attr, self ) ) object.__setattr__( self, attr, value ) def _delattr( self, attr ): raise AttributeError( "'%s' must not be deleted because '%s' is immutable" % ( attr, self ) ) def _methodFromObjectType( method ): ''' Return True if the given method has been defined by object, False otherwise. ''' try: # TODO: Are we exploiting an implementation detail here? Find better solution! return isinstance( method.__objclass__, object ) except: return False However, while the general approach seems to be working rather well there are still some iffy implementation details (also see TODO comments in code): How do I check if a particular method has been implemented anywhere in the type hierarchy? How do I check which type is the origin of a method declaration (i.e. as part of which type a method has been defined)?

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  • Add new types to Go

    - by nevalu
    I'm trying add new types for that been managed/used as in Go core types. To create new types is anything very interesting to validate data before of send it to a non-SQL DBMS or to check data from a form. Go uses univeral constants to define them at global level: var DateType = universe.DefineType("date", universePos, &dateType{}) In this case they're defined to be called from a package like types: var Date = &dateType{} I get these errors: test.go:58: o.lit undefined (cannot refer to unexported field lit) test.go:62: *dateType is not Type missing Pos() token.Position The code is based on: http://github.com/tav/go/blob/master/src/pkg/exp/eval/value.go http://github.com/tav/go/blob/master/src/pkg/exp/eval/type.go package main import ( "exp/eval" "fmt" // "go/token" ) // http://github.com/tav/go/blob/master/src/pkg/exp/eval/value.go type DateValue interface { eval.Value Get(*eval.Thread) string Set(*eval.Thread, string) } /* Date */ type dateV string func (v *dateV) String() string { return fmt.Sprint(*v) } func (v *dateV) Assign(t *eval.Thread, o eval.Value) { *v = dateV(o.(DateValue).Get(t)) } func (v *dateV) Get(*eval.Thread) string { return string(*v) } func (v *dateV) Set(t *eval.Thread, x string) { *v = dateV(x) } // http://github.com/tav/go/blob/master/src/pkg/exp/eval/type.go type Type interface { eval.Type // isDate returns true if this is a date type. isDate() bool } /* Common type */ type commonType struct{} // added func (commonType) isDate() bool { return false } /* Date */ type dateType struct { commonType } // * It should not be an universal constant //var universePos = token.Position{"<universe>", 0, 0, 0} // added //var DateType = universe.DefineType("date", universePos, &dateType{}) var Date = &dateType{} func (t *dateType) compat(o Type, conv bool) bool { t2, ok := o.lit().(*dateType) return ok && t == t2 } func (t *dateType) lit() Type { return t } func (t *dateType) isDate() bool { return true } func (t *dateType) String() string { return "<date>" } func (t *dateType) Zero() eval.Value { res := dateV("") return &res } /* Named types */ /* type NamedType struct { eval.NamedType Def Type }*/ type NamedType struct { // added // token.Position Name string // Underlying type. If incomplete is true, this will be nil. // If incomplete is false and this is still nil, then this is // a placeholder type representing an error. Def Type // True while this type is being defined. incomplete bool methods map[string]eval.Method } func (t *NamedType) isDate() bool { return t.Def.isDate() } /* *********************** */ func main() { print("foo") }

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  • How can I programatically convert SQL data-types to .Net data-types?

    - by Simon
    Can anyone show me a way of converting SQL Server data-types (varchar for example) to .Net data-types (String for example). I'm assuming that automatic conversion is not possible? I have an 'EntityProperty' object and would like it to have an appropriate 'Type' property (string, decimal, int32 etc), at the moment this property is just a string - 'int32' for example. A little background: I'm using SQL DMO in an internal code generation app to query a database and generate a stored procedure based DAL from the database. Being an internal app I can take quite a few shortcuts and make quite a few assumptions. To get the app working at the moment this data-type conversion is handled by a Select Case statement which just converts the types to strings and generates a set of properties based on these strings but I would prefer a little more flexibility in being able to handle the types (use of TypeOf etc). Anyone worked on something similar? I know EF, nHibernate, Subsonic etc could do all this for me but in this case, for various reasons, I am having to roll my own. :)

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  • Writing a managed wrapper for unmanaged (C++) code - custom types/structs

    - by Bobby
    faacEncConfigurationPtr FAACAPI faacEncGetCurrentConfiguration( faacEncHandle hEncoder); I'm trying to come up with a simple wrapper for this C++ library; I've never done more than very simple p/invoke interop before - like one function call with primitive arguments. So, given the above C++ function, for example, what should I do to deal with the return type, and parameter? FAACAPI is defined as: #define FAACAPI __stdcall faacEncConfigurationPtr is defined: typedef struct faacEncConfiguration { int version; char *name; char *copyright; unsigned int mpegVersion; unsigned long bitRate; unsigned int inputFormat; int shortctl; psymodellist_t *psymodellist; int channel_map[64]; } faacEncConfiguration, *faacEncConfigurationPtr; AFAIK this means that the return type of the function is a reference to this struct? And faacEncHandle is: typedef struct { unsigned int numChannels; unsigned long sampleRate; ... SR_INFO *srInfo; double *sampleBuff[MAX_CHANNELS]; ... double *freqBuff[MAX_CHANNELS]; double *overlapBuff[MAX_CHANNELS]; double *msSpectrum[MAX_CHANNELS]; CoderInfo coderInfo[MAX_CHANNELS]; ChannelInfo channelInfo[MAX_CHANNELS]; PsyInfo psyInfo[MAX_CHANNELS]; GlobalPsyInfo gpsyInfo; faacEncConfiguration config; psymodel_t *psymodel; /* quantizer specific config */ AACQuantCfg aacquantCfg; /* FFT Tables */ FFT_Tables fft_tables; int bitDiff; } faacEncStruct, *faacEncHandle; So within that struct we see a lot of other types... hmm. Essentially, I'm trying to figure out how to deal with these types in my managed wrapper? Do I need to create versions of these types/structs, in C#? Something like this: [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] struct faacEncConfiguration { uint useTns; ulong bitRate; ... } If so then can the runtime automatically "map" these objects onto eachother? And, would I have to create these "mapped" types for all the types in these return types/parameter type hierarchies, all the way down until I get to all primitives? I know this is a broad topic, any advice on getting up-to-speed quickly on what I need to learn to make this happen would be very much appreciated! Thanks!

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  • Filtering attachment types in Google Apps (free Google Business)

    - by Ernest
    We have Google apps in our company for mail delivery, our business can't pay the business version yet, however, we need to control the attachment types that employees download. We recently switched from another hosting provider who recomended us to plug Google Apps for mail when we moved the domain, we had a firewall before which was able to prevent certain file types to be downloaded. I know the business version has section for filtering mail (postini services). Is there a hack around my problem? Anyone ever had this problem? Thank you! UPDATE: The main problem is gmail apps uses ssl connection, can this be changed ? how can i get the firewall to filter files only allowing *.doc, *.xls y *.pdf.

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  • SQL Structure of DB table with different types of columns

    - by Dmitry Dvornikov
    I have a problem with the optimization of the structure of the database. I'll try to explain it exactly. I create a project, where we can add different values??, but this values must have different types of the columns in the database (eg, int, double , varchar). What is the best way to store the different types of values ??in the database. In the project I'm using Propel 1.6. The point is availability to add value with 'int', 'varchar' and other columns types, to search the table was efficient. In total, I have two ideas. The first is to create a table of "value", which will have columns: "id ", "value_int", "value_double", "value_varchar", etc - with the corresponding column types. Depending on the type of values??, records will be saved with the value in the appropriate column (the rest will be NULL). The second solution is to create separate tables such as "value_int", "value_varchar" etc. There would be columns: "id", "value", which correspond to the relevant types of "value" (ie, such as int, varchar, etc). I must admit that I do not believe any of the above solutions, originally I was thinking about one table "value", where the column would be a "text" type - but this solution would probably be even worse. I would like to know your opinion on this topic, maybe something else would be better. Thanks in advance. EDIT: For example : We have three tables: USER: [table of users] * id * name FIELD: [table of profile fields - where the column 'type' is the type of field, eg int or varchar) * id * type * name VALUE : * id * User_id - ( FK user.id ) * Field_id - ( FK field.id ) * value So we have in each row an user in USER table, and the profile is stored in the VALUE table. Bit each profile field may have a different type (column 'type' in the FIELD table), and based on that I would want this value to add to the appropriate column of the appropriate type.

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  • Sybase PowerDesigner Change Many (Find/Replace/Convert) Data Item's Data Types

    - by Andy
    Hello, I have a relatively large Conceptual Data Model in PowerDesigner. After generating a Physical Data Model and seeing the DBMS data types, I need to update all of data types(NUMBER/TEXT) for each data item. I'd like to either do a find/replace within the Conceptual Data Model or somehow map to different data types when creating the Physical Data Model. Ex. Change the auto conversion of Text - Clob, to Text - NVARCHAR(20). Thanks!

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  • Interpreting type codes in sys.objects in SQL Server

    - by fatcat1111
    On SQL Server, the sys.objects table includes "Type" and "Type_Desc" attributes. For example: SELECT DISTINCT [Type], Type_Desc FROM Sys.Objects ORDER BY [Type] Returns: C CHECK_CONSTRAINT D DEFAULT_CONSTRAINT F FOREIGN_KEY_CONSTRAINT FN SQL_SCALAR_FUNCTION FS CLR_SCALAR_FUNCTION IT INTERNAL_TABLE P SQL_STORED_PROCEDURE PK PRIMARY_KEY_CONSTRAINT S SYSTEM_TABLE SQ SERVICE_QUEUE TR SQL_TRIGGER U USER_TABLE UQ UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT V VIEW Is there a comprehensive list of these types somewhere? There isn't a constraint on sys.objects that points me to table of these, and sys.types contains data types. I've searched SQL BOL but haven't found it. Any help would be appreciated. EDIT: Some DBs use only a subset of these types. For example, if I have a database with no views, when I query Sys.Objects as above, there are no "V" rows in the results. I am looking for a list of all possible types and descriptions used by SQL Server.

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  • Java: over-typed structures?

    - by HH
    Term over-type structure = a data structure that accepts different types, can be primitive or user-defined. I think ruby supports many types in structures such as tables. I tried a table with types 'String', 'char' and 'File' in Java but errs. How can I have over-typed structure in Java? How to show types in declaration? What about in initilization? Suppose a structure: INDEX VAR FILETYPE //0 -> file FILE //1 -> lineMap SizeSequence //2 -> type char //3 -> binary boolean //4 -> name String //5 -> path String Code import java.io.*; import java.util.*; public class Object { public static void print(char a) { System.out.println(a); } public static void print(String s) { System.out.println(s); } public static void main(String[] args) { Object[] d = new Object[6]; d[0] = new File("."); d[2] = 'T'; d[4] = "."; print(d[2]); print(d[4]); } } Errors Object.java:18: incompatible types found : java.io.File required: Object d[0] = new File("."); ^ Object.java:19: incompatible types found : char required: Object d[2] = 'T'; ^

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  • Java default Integer value is int

    - by Chris Okyen
    My code looks like this import java.util.Scanner; public class StudentGrades { public static void main(String[] argv) { Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in); byte q1 = keyboard.nextByte() * 10; } } It gives me an error "Type mismatch: cannot convert from int to byte." Why the heck would Java store a literal operand that is small enough to fit in a byte,. into a int type? Do literals get stored in variables/registers before the ALU performs arithmatic operations.

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  • comparison of an unsigned variable to 0

    - by user2651062
    When I execute the following loop : unsigned m; for( m = 10; m >= 0; --m ){ printf("%d\n",m); } the loop doesn't stop at m==0, it keeps executing interminably, so I thought that reason was that an unsigned cannot be compared to 0. But when I did the following test unsigned m=9; if(m >= 0) printf("m is positive\n"); else printf("m is negative\n"); I got this result: m is positive which means that the unsigned variable m was successfully compared to 0. Why doesn't the comparison of m to 0 work in the for loop and works fine elsewhere?

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  • Is type safety worth the trade-offs?

    - by Prof Plum
    I began coding in in Python primarily where there is no type safety, then moved to C# and Java where there is. I found that I could work a bit more quickly and with less headaches in Python, but then again, my C# and Java apps are at much higher level of complexity so I have never given Python a true stress test I suppose. The Java and C# camps make it sound like without the type safety in place, most people would be running into all sorts of horrible bugs left an right and it would be more trouble than its worth. This is not a language comparison, so please do not address issues like compiled vs interpreted. Is type safety worth the hit to speed of development and flexibilty? WHY? to the people who wanted an example of the opinion that dynamic typing is faster: "Use a dynamically typed language during development. It gives you faster feedback, turn-around time, and development speed." - http://blog.jayway.com/2010/04/14/static-typing-is-the-root-of-all-evil/

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  • What is meant by a primitive data type?

    - by Appy
    My understanding of a primitive datatype is that It is a datatype provided by a language implicitly (Others are user defined classes) So different languages have different sets of datatypes which are considered primitive for that particular language. Is that right? And what is the difference between a "basic datatype" and "built-in datatype". Wikipedia says a primitive datatype is either of the two. PS - Why is "string" type considered as a primitive type in SNOBOL4 and not in Java ?

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  • Traverse tree with results. Maybe type in Java?

    - by Angelo.Hannes
    I need to check a tree's node state. It can either be OK or NOT_OK. But that state is dependent on its children. So for a node to be OK, every of its children needs to be OK. If one or more of its children is NOT_OK the whole node is NOT_OK. To determine the state of a node I need to aggregate some properties of the node. So I thought of two possible implementations. And they are more or less covered in this question: Why is Option/Maybe considered a good idea and checked exceptions are not? Exception I could pass the properties up the recursion path, and throw an exception if something went wrong. Maybe I implement an Maybe type and let it either hold an error or the aggregated properties. Maybe it is more an Either. I tend towards the last option. And I'm thinking of an enum with two objects. Where I can additionally set those aggregated properties. Am I on the right track? I'm not familiar with the new JDK8 functional stuff. But I'm stuck on JDK7 anyway, so please focus on JDK7.

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