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• SSH: one user logs in, other don't

  - by Co Lega

  Some users can ssh correctly, others don't. I have an admin user, which is in wheel. I used vsftpd for allowing FTP. I created a nologin user for FTP. Call this user "ftpuser". Now I want to allow sftp. It allows me to connect using admin user. I remove the nologin, by giving the user a shell via usermod -s /bin/bash ftpuser. It still doesn't allow me to connect from the ftpuser via sftp. The content of /home/ftpuser/.ssh is just the known_hosts file which contains "localhost" entry only. User permissions are (in theory) ok: ls -la /home working (admin) : drwx------ 18 admin admin 4096 Feb 6 15:33 admin non-working(ftpuser): drwx------ 3 ftpuser ftp 4096 Mar 26 15:25 ftpuser I haven't configured anything special on openssh. Does the ftpuser need anything extra than shell to enter via ssh?

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• using git on DOS command line asks for password - but not when using TortoiseGit or gitBash

  - by Sandy

  I would like to use the DOS command line to enter the command: git clone "git_path.git" myDir It asks me to enter a password which I would like to avoid. I usually use TortoiseGit to do all git related operations. I would like to setup cruisecontrol using ant with a custom git task. Therefore I need to perform git clone on the command line in Windows 7. But it only works using git bash and not DOS. According to other forum entries, I tried to convert the key with puttyGen and put the file id_rsa in c:/Users/myName/.ssh I also added an authorized_keys file but it still asks for a password. Any ideas? Thanks

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• How do i allow users to execute commands via ssh without allocating a psuedo-terminal

  - by Dani El

  I need to allow users to run a limited set of commands. But not to allow them to create interactive sessions. Just like GitHub does. If you try to ssh without a command it greetings you and close the session. I can acquire this by using ForceCommand some-script But getting in some-script i then need to eval user's input. Perhaps any other NoTTY-like option in sshd_config? --- UPDATE --- i'm looking for a pure SSH / Bash solution, not Perl/Python/etc. hacks.

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• What's a good tool for checking from my own machine that my server is up?

  - by chico

  I'm looking for a good tool (web site or not) that I can use to do a simple check whether my web server is accessible from outside LAN (it's serving in a non-standard port). To give some context, I've gone through this problem: can't access my ip from outside. Even the tools I've found are not really working. Currently to fetch the html I serve with the online bash tool I do: curl <my ip>:<my port> \ | sed 's/&/\&amp;/g; s/</\&lt;/g; s/>/\&gt;/g; s/"/\&quot;/g; s/'"'"'/\&#39;/g' I'm looking for a simple tool that can display the html properly, or just show raw text without resorting to sed html escaping and curl.

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• Apache Web Server character encoding

  - by OBY

  I've recently transferred my webapp from my localhost (LH) to a VPS, and have had hebrew chars-encoding probs since. Whenever I send a request with a heb-char it results in "?????" saved to the DB. My LH config was tomcat6, MySQL, and centOS 6.2, opened to the web. In the VPS env I'm behind an Apache Web Server, and the rest is quite the same (though I haven't done anything to its installation). Please note I already have had this problem before, on my LH when the request was sent from IE/chrome (not FF!). The solution was to apply a filter on the the context and change the char-type to UTF-8. My webapp content char-encode is utf-8, MySql server set to utf8 using charset utf8;, and my centOS set to iw_IL.UTF8 using export LANG=iw_IL.UTF8. When I use locale the bash output seems to be set correctly. Any suggestions?

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• Mongo Scripting the shell

  - by cKendrick

  On my production stack, I have a front-end server and a Mongo server. I would like to be able to set a cron job on the front-end server to create some logs daily. I wrote a script that does this: ./mongo server:27017/dbname --quiet my_commands.js If I run it from the Mongo server as above, it works fine. However, I would like to be able to run it from the front-end server. When I try to do that, I get: -bash: mongo: command not found Since mongo is not installed on the front end server, it gives me that error. Is it possible to somehow bind mongo to my mongo on the Mongo server?

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• LSB Script: how do i know if something goes wrong?

  - by ianaz

  How do I know if a LSB script fails to load or where do I check the log of the lsbs scripts? I added two scripts with the following command: update-rc.d scriptname defaults And just one launches the things I need. It does not seem to be a script error since if I launch it with /etc/init.d/scriptname it works. This is my script: #!/bin/bash ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: nodes # Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog # Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: Starts all node apps # Description: Starts all node apps like AAM, AMT,... ### END INIT INFO echo "Launch Node applications with forever" export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH # Starts the redis server redis-server # Starts AAM forever -o /var/log/AAM.log -e /var/log/AAM.log --spinSleepTime 2000 -m 5 start /var/nodejs/AAM/app.js

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• No colors when running native windows shell application from mintty

  - by Pete

  Hi. I have installed cygwin (i'm not very experienced with it), and try to run a native windows shell application from it, (msbuild.exe which is the build tool for the .NET framework, to be exact). When I run the application from the normal cygwin bash shell, the output of the application appear as it should with the text colors that I would normally see in the windows command line. But when I execute the program from a mintty terminal, there is no coloring of the output, all text is in the default foreground color. I'm puzzled, because I would have expected the color coding to be the standard ANSI color code escape characters... Can this be fixed?

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• How can I programmatically renumber pages in a PDF?

  - by Andrew

  As a graduate student, I come across PDFs of articles and book chapters on a daily basis. Sometimes these PDFs are paginated correctly internally (that is, if an article starts on page 67, the PDF starts on page 67 as well; not on page 1). When they aren't, I have to open the file in Acrobat and renumber the pages in the "Page Thumbnails" panel. I would love to be able to automate this whole process with a script (bash, Python, AppleScript, whatever) that lets me pass the first actual page number... something like fixpagination example.pdf 67. However, I cannot find any terminal-based program that can re-paginate PDFs. Neither pdftk nor PyPDF seem to be able to deal with pagination. Are there any scriptable programs that can internally re-paginate PDF files?

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• Using sudo /etc/init.d/httpd start complains for log file rights

  - by SCO

  I created a custom log directory with the root account, and chmoded it to 777 teporarily. ls -la /var/mylogs/log/ total 16 drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 Jun 24 06:27 . drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jun 24 06:25 .. When I try to start the service from a user (lets say "myuser", which is in the sudoers files as myuser ALL=(ALL) ALL), it fails because of the permissions : sudo /etc/init.d/httpd start Starting httpd: (13)Permission denied: httpd: could not open error log file /var/mylogs/log/httpd_error.log. Unable to open logs However, the following is successfull : sudo bash /etc/init.d/http start So I guess these two methods are not equivalent, although to me doing sudo was the same than logging into the root account and issuing the commands. Any clue ? Thank you !

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• What is the best way to make Calculate SHA1 as a context menu option in Mac OS X?

  - by Andrei

  In order to calculate the SHA1 checksum of a downloaded file, I could type /usr/bin/openssl sha1 in Terminal and then drag there the file which I want check. To make it simpler, one could enable a Context Menu item for this action. What is the best way to create such item in Mac OS X 10.6? A detailed answer is appreciated, because I don't have good experience with AppleScript, etc. Step by step Open Automator Create new service Choose to receive selected Files and Folders in Finder Add action Run Shell Script where your bash command is /usr/bin/openssl sha1 "$@" and you pass input as arguments How can I get the output? Preferably in a Growl pop-up or a message window/dialog.

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• How do I allow users to execute commands via ssh without allocating a pseudo-terminal

  - by Dani El

  I need to allow users to run a limited set of commands. But not to allow them to create interactive sessions. Just like GitHub does. If you try to ssh without a command it greetings you and close the session. I can acquire this by using ForceCommand some-script But getting in some-script i then need to eval user's input. Perhaps any other NoTTY-like option in sshd_config? --- UPDATE --- i'm looking for a pure SSH / Bash solution, not Perl/Python/etc. hacks.

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• Creating user accounts in Amazon EC2

  - by Tvanover

  I am putting together a test environment using Amazon's EC2 for me and some friends to collaborate on a project. I am not a server guy but I do know my way around a bash prompt and have done some work on ubuntu before. I am using Amazon Linux AMI i386 EBS and have gotten apache and php running. Now I need to create the user accounts my friends and I will use to upload files (sftp) and work on the project (ssh). How should I go about this? Should I just use adduser and configure it like normal? Or should I use the AWS IAM groups?

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• Booting ubuntu from usb hdd: GRUB menu not shown

  - by emanemos

  Hello, could anyone help me to boot ubuntu-9.04 from usb hard disk? This disk contains /boot primary partition. During ubuntu installation I used "Advanced" button and asked to install GRUB to the /boot partition. Later I checked whether GRUB files are really present in this partition. They are. However, I get stuck while trying to boot. The boot menu ("ubuntu generic version", "ubuntu recovery mode", etc...) is not shown. Instead I am thrown to GRUB minimal bash-like version. I feel at a loss and have no idea why I am pointed to this minimal version. Can anybody prompt me what to do?

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• Modify PATH variable for X11 during log-in

  - by user1028435

  I am working on some lab computers (read: no administrative rights) that, if I log in, I need to change the PATH variable as X11 starts. The reason is that I need to change the PATH variable at this time, as opposed to later, is that the Print Screen command seems to "bind" during login (forgive my bad explanation of this). Currently, I have a .bashrc script as a workaround: #!/bin/bash export PATH=/home/username/bin:$PATH I can make it work by starting a new X, but I was wondering if it is possible to change upon login. cat /etc/redhat-release tells me my distribution is: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client release 5.8 (Tikanga)

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• rsync windows to linux permission denied

  - by user64908

  Using Command rsync -avzP --delete --omit-dir-times ../../ [email protected]:/var/www/mysite/ I'm getting rsync: mkstemp "/var/www/mysite/.." failed: Permission denied (13) If ext is in the www-data group should I still set all the files to be owned by user www-data? I am trying to publish the files with rsync and then set the permissions using sudo chown -R www-data doc sudo chgrp -R www-data doc but I can't even rsync because of the permission denied. The SSH works fine, the rsync too except when it tries to write over or update some of the files in /var/www Client * Windows 7 * Cygwin 1.7.16 (GNU bash, version 4.1.10(4)-release (i686-pc-cygwin)) * rsync version 3.0.9 protocol version 30 Server * Ubuntu 12.04 * Apache2 * Root Accounts [ubuntu,ext] * Groups [www-data] * sudo vigr has www-data:x:33:ubuntu,ext I have already configure this http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2124169/cwrsync-ignores-nontsec-on-windows-7 This article has also managed to confuse me http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/41687/how-should-i-rsync-files-in-var-www-if-i-want-them-to-be-owned-by-www-data What is the right procedure?

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• Comparison of Unix shells

  - by Andy White

  Of the major Unix shells (bash, ksh, tcsh, zsh, others?), are there any compelling reasons to use one over another? Which is the most interactive/command-line friendly? Which is the most conducive/intuitive for writing scripts? Are there any major built-in features that one shell offers that others don't? Are any of these shells really good for one type of function, but not another? Or are they all pretty well-rounded/flexible? Is it just a matter of personal preference? I can make this community wiki if anyone prefers.

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• Batch converting video from avc1 to xvid

  - by Tommy Brunn

  I need a way to batch convert 720p video files from avc1 to xvid in Ubuntu 10.04. I'm not terribly concerned about file size, but I do wish to retain the picture quality as much as possible. I believe the audio is encoded as aac, which is fine for my purposes. What would be the best and easiest way to do this? I've tried using Handbrake. During my first attempt, I had it using ffmpeg to convert to MPEG-4, but that just gave me a super-low quality video at twice the file size. Trying h.264 now, so we'll see how that works out. But just in case it doesn't pan out so well, what other ways do you recommend? I was thinking I'd write a bash script to reencode the files one by one, but the problem is that I have very little knowledge about codecs and containers and whatnot - so I wouldn't know what parameters I would pass ffmpeg/mencoder.

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• DIsable my nv video card driver in linux

  - by Dahaka Wang

  I'm trying to passthrough my nv video card to my domU, but I could not bind my video card to the pciback driver I only have one video card with the pci number 0000:03:00.0, so I used the following command echo -n "0000:03:00.0" > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/nouveau/bind to unbind the nouveau driver from my video card. The screen went black because I have forcefully removed the video driver, therefore I ssh'd into the computer to run further commands I ran: echo -n "0000:03:00.0" > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/pciback/bind to try to bind it to my pciback driver, but I got: bash: echo: write error: No such device I found out that this was the message shown when trying to bind a PCI device which is already bound. Therefore, I think that something was still using my video card Can anyone help me out? Thanks a lot!

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• Firewall still blocking port 53 despite listing otherwise?

  - by Tom

  I have 3 nodes with virtually the same iptables rules loaded from a bash script, but one particular node is blocking traffic on port 53 despite listing it's accepting it: $ iptables --list -v Chain INPUT (policy DROP 8886 packets, 657K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo any anywhere anywhere 2 122 ACCEPT icmp -- any any anywhere anywhere icmp echo-request 20738 5600K ACCEPT all -- any any anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth1 any anywhere node1.com multiport dports http,smtp 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth1 any anywhere ns.node1.com udp dpt:domain 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth1 any anywhere ns.node1.com tcp dpt:domain 0 0 ACCEPT all -- eth0 any node2.backend anywhere 21 1260 ACCEPT all -- eth0 any node3.backend anywhere 0 0 ACCEPT all -- eth0 any node4.backend anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 15804 packets, 26M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination nmap -sV -p 53 ns.node1.com // From remote server Starting Nmap 4.11 ( http://www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) at 2011-02-24 11:44 EST Interesting ports on ns.node1.com (1.2.3.4): PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 53/tcp filtered domain Nmap finished: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.336 seconds Any ideas? Thanks

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• I screwed up, exit in .bashrc

  - by camel_space

  I put "exit" in my .bashrc file. I don't have physical access to the machine so to connect to it I use ssh. I don't have root privileges. Every time I connect to the server, the connection automatically closes. So far, I've tried: Overwriting .bashrc with scp and sftp. The connection closes before I can do anything. Using a few different GUI programs to access ssh (connection closes) Overwriting the file with ftp. (can't use ftp) From my home computer $ ssh host "bash --noprofile --norc" (connection closes) $ ssh host "mv .bashrc bashrc_temp" (connection closes) $ ssh host "rm .bashrc" (same thing) $ ssh host -t (connection closes) Is there anything I can do to disable .bashrc or maybe overwrite the file before .bashrc is sourced?

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• Easy way to reload multiple applications under a single IIS Website after AppPool Recycle?

  - by MadBurn

  I'm not sure where to begin or even if my thinking is in the right direction. Hopefully someone here can tell me what to do or at least give me a direction to start travelling. I work on a Intranet Website, that contains multiple MVC3 and Coldfusion Applications. I have set the AppPool to Recycle every morning at 2:00 AM. Now, I would like to create a Scheduled Task to reload every application contained under that IIS Website so that when the first user comes in in the morning, they don't have to wait 30 seconds to 2minutes for their application to be reloaded into the IIS AppPool. Is there an easy to to do this? As I see it my only options are: Writing a bash script, inserting each website manually to load Writing a program that would try to find every application and load them Now, if there those are my only options, is there possibly a .NET Library I can tap into that would allow me to easily find the MVC3 Applications under IIS?

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• Is there a chroot build script somewhere?

  - by Nils

  I am about to develop a little script to gather information for a chroot-jail. In my case this looks (at the first glance) pretty simple: The application has a clean rpm-install and did install almost all files into a sub-directory of /opt. My idea is: Do a find of all binaries Check their library-dependencies Record the results into a list Do a rsync of that list into the chroot-target-directory before startup of the application Now I wonder - ist there any script around that already does such a job (perl/bash/python)? So far I found only specialized solutions for single applications (like sftp-chroot). Update I see three close-votes for the reason "off topic". This is a question that arose because I have to install that ancient piece of software on a server at work. So if you still feel this is off-topic - leave a comment...

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• Log with iptalbes which user is delivering email to port 25

  - by Maus

  Because we got blacklisted on CBL I set up the following firewall rules with iptables: #!/bin/bash iptables -A OUTPUT -d 127.0.0.1 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -m owner --gid-owner mail -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -m owner --uid-owner root -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -m owner --uid-owner Debian-exim -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m limit --limit 15/minute -m tcp --dport 25 -j LOG --log-prefix "LOCAL_DROPPED_SPAM" iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable I'm not able to connect to port 25 from localhost with another user than root or a mail group member - So it seems to work. Still some questions remain: How effective do you rate this rule-set to prevent spam coming from bad PHP-Scripts hosted on the server? Is there a way to block port 25 and 587 within the same statement? Is the usage of /usr/sbin/sendmail also limited or blocked by this rule-set? Is there a way to log the username of all other attempts which try to deliver stuff to port 25?

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• Launching multiple applications with a single command/script/shortcut

  - by Bill

  I realized a few days ago that every time I sit down at work, I do a few things after unlocking my computer. First, I open up Firefox, then I open up Chrome, then I log in to Digsby. I realized I could probably save repeating this daily by writing a small batch script to open up Firefox and Chrome , but I couldn't figure out how to make it work.. and since the whole effort is to save time I don't want to bash my head around in the windows command prompt to do it. I also tired this in powershell but ran in to a bunch of security nonsense. Is there a way to do this that I am missing? Bonus points if somebody has figured out how to manipulate Digsby via COM , scripting, or python =)

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