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  • Reason for different segments in Linux on x86

    - by anjruu
    Hey all, So, I know that Linux uses four default segments for an x86 processor (kernel code, kernel data, user code, user data), but they all have the same base and limit (0x00000000 and 0xfffff), meaning each segment maps to the same set of linear addresses. Given this, why even have user/kernel segments? I understand why there should be separate segments for code and data (just due to how the x86 processor deals with the cs and ds registers), but why not have a single code segment and a single data segment? Memory protection is done through paging, and the user and kernel segments map to the same linear addresses anyway. Thanks! anjruu

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  • user buffer after doing 'write' to file opened with O_DIRECT

    - by user1868481
    I'm using the O_DIRECT flag to write to the disk directly from the user buffer. But as far as I understand, Linux doesn't guarantee that after this call, the data is written. It just writes directly from the user buffer to the physical device using DMA or anything else... Therefore, I don't understand if I can write to the user buffer after the call to 'write' function. I'm sure that example code will help to understand my question: char *user_buff = malloc(...); /* assume it is aligned as needed */ fd = open(..., O_DIRECT); write(fd, ...) memset(user_buff, 0, ...) Is the last line (memset) legal? Is writing to the user buffer valid that is maybe used by DMA to transfer data to the device?

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  • Quick introduction to Linux needed [closed]

    - by 0xDEAD BEEF
    Hi guys! I have to get into Linux ASAP and realy mean ASAP. I have installed Cygwin but as allways - things dont go as easy as one would like. First problem i enconter was - i choose KDE package, but there is no sign of KDE files anywhere in cygwin folder. How do i run KDE windows. Currently startx fires, but all looks ugly! My desire is to download and run Qt Creator. Seems that there is no cygwin package, but downloading source and compiling is good to go. Only that i have forgoten every linux command i ever knew! :D Please - what are default commands u use on linux? What does exec do? what ./ stands for? What is directory strucutre and why there is such mess in bin folder? Thanks god - i have windows over cygwin, so downloading files is not a problem, but again -how do i unpack them in linux style and how to i build? simply issue "make" command from folder, where i extracted files? Please help!

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  • How can I login linux using C or C++

    - by jnblue
    I need to programmely switch the current user to another,then the followed code should be executed in the environment(such as path,authority..) of another user. I've find the 'chroot()','setuid()' may be associated with my case, but these functions need the root authority, I don't have root authority, but I have the password of the second user. what should I do? I have tried shell "su - " can switch current user, can this command help me in my C++ code? Don't laugh at me if my question is very stupid, I'm a true freshman on linux. :) Thanks!

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  • How to Customize the Ubuntu Bootloader Screen

    - by Omar Hafiz
    We all know Grub2 is the default bootloader for Ubuntu, but it isn’t the prettiest bootloader ever. Since we also know that Ubuntu is highly customizable, this week we’re going to show you how to beautify your bootloader. To accomplish this, we’re going to utilize an add-on called BURG, which is a Brand-new Universal loadeR based on Grub and is created by Bean. It has much prettier GUI and it supports themes and customizations. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC Macs Don’t Make You Creative! So Why Do Artists Really Love Apple? MacX DVD Ripper Pro is Free for How-To Geek Readers (Time Limited!) HTG Explains: What’s a Solid State Drive and What Do I Need to Know? How to Get Amazing Color from Photos in Photoshop, GIMP, and Paint.NET Learn To Adjust Contrast Like a Pro in Photoshop, GIMP, and Paint.NET Have You Ever Wondered How Your Operating System Got Its Name? Lakeside Sunset in the Mountains [Wallpaper] Taskbar Meters Turn Your Taskbar into a System Resource Monitor Create Shortcuts for Your Favorite or Most Used Folders in Ubuntu Create Custom Sized Thumbnail Images with Simple Image Resizer [Cross-Platform] Etch a Circuit Board using a Simple Homemade Mixture Sync Blocker Stops iTunes from Automatically Syncing

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  • Design Application to "Actively" Invite Users (pretend they have privileges)

    - by user3086451
    I am designing an application where users message one another privately, and may send messages to any Entity in the database (an Entity may not have a user account yet, it is a professional database). I am not sure how to best design the database and the API to allow messaging unregistered users. The application should remain secure, and data only accessed by those with correct permissions. Messages sent to persons without user accounts serve as an invitation. The invited person should be able to view the message, act on it, and complete the user registration upon receiving an InviteMessage. In simple terms, I have: User misc user fields (email, pw, dateJoined) Entity (large professional dataset): personalDetails... user->User (may be null) UserMessage: sender->User recipient->User dateCreated messageContent, other fields..... InviteMessage: sender->User recipient->Entity expiringUrl inviteeEmail inviteePhone I plan to alert the user when selecting a recipient that is not registered yet, and inform that he may send the message as an invitation by providing email, phone where we can send the invitation. Invitations will have a unique, one-time-use URL, e.g. uuid.uuid4(). When accessed, the invitee will see the InviteMessage and details about completing his/her registration profile. When registration is complete, InviteMessage details to a new instance of UserMessage (to not lose their data), and assign it to the newly created User. The ability to interact with and invite persons who do not yet have accounts is a key feature of the application, and it seems better to separate the invitation from the private, app messages (easier to keep functionality separate, better if data model changes). Is this a reasonable, good design? If not, what would you suggest? Do you have any improvements? Am I correct to choose to create a separate endpoint for creating invitations via the API?

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  • How to use sudo with rcp command to copy files from linux host to HP-UX host?

    - by Justin
    I'm having this issue where when I try to use sudo to rcp some files from a Linux host to an HP-UX host (note that the destination directory requires root access to write to), I get the following error from HP-UX's side: remshd: Login incorrect. I should note that the passwords for the Linux host and the HP-UX host are different. The command doesn't seem to give me a chance to enter the proper HP-UX password and automatically defaults to this error.

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  • how to use updatedb command as an ordinary user on linux?

    - by hugemeow
    locate command is very useful tool on linux, but it seems only root can run updatedb command, so it will be very unconvinent to use locate command on linux, so how to make ordinary user to have the priviledge to run updatedb command? updatedb is the command use to update the db used by locate command:) error message when try to run updatedb using ordinary user: [mirror@home code]$ updatedb updatedb: can not open a temporary file for `/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db'

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  • question about that concept of linux install in flash card.

    - by Johnny
    1.i can't understand why Linux on flash card need install, does it simply copy certain file to certain location in flash card? ---i mean ,plan it in a response file,then one program read the plan in response file and write certain format to flash card. 2.does the file system bind tightly to the linux kernel? is it possible let each kernel,user,app have its own root? rather than mount everything under one single / "root"

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  • how to see disk details from linux machine with which command?

    - by jennifer
    hi all subject: LINUX - release.5.4- verify disk details from linux with sfdisk -s I can see the disk capacity as the following: sfdisk -s /dev/cciss/c0d0: 143338560 total: 143338560 blocks but how to see also the disk details as disk manufacture ... etc I try the: , but I not get the right info -(: hdparm -i /dev/cciss/c0d0 /dev/cciss/c0d0: HDIO_GET_IDENTITY failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device

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  • Windows user account gets automatically locked

    - by vdboor
    One of the user accounts on a Windows 2003 server is frequently locked. Each time the "Account is locked" (roughly translated) checkbox is enabled in the Account Properties - Account tab. The event viewer only mentions that the account is locked, or that I've unlocked it. However, I don't see any message why the account gets locked in the first place. Are there know reasons why an account gets locked, or is there a way to find out why this happens?

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  • missing user name in apache log file

    - by nani
    hy every body, We have dokeos application using apache as the web server. when accessing dokeos we have to login, So users who try to access this application , has to login using ID & pwd. But I don't have this ID information in the apache webserver log files. I mean "user name" information is not getting into the log files. Thanks.

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  • What is the most Linux friendly video card chipset/manufacturer on the market?

    - by rrc7cz
    I've wasted an absurd amount of time trying to get my nVidia card to function properly in Linux (Ubuntu & Fedora). I've decided to purchase a new video card that will "just work" with any Linux I throw at it. Making things even easier, I'm not a gamer, though I do appreciate some of the 3D or alpha blending effects seen in modern GUIs. What cards and/or manufacturers do you recommend for the maximum acceleration with minimum problems?

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  • Is there an equivalent to Airfoil available for Linux?

    - by Chris Adams
    Hi there, I just stumbled across this Airfoil on Mac OS X, which lets me 'throw' music from my laptop to any other linux machine, iPhone or other device hooked up to a better set of speakers than my laptop - here's the page below: http://www.rogueamoeba.com/airfoil/mac/ What tools would I use to recreate this functionality on a linux box - are there any nice GUI interfaces to something like pulse audio (which is what I imagine I'd use ) for doing this? Thanks

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  • How many megabytes per second may I expect from a gigabit USB 2.0 network card under linux?

    - by Nakedible
    I'm interested in the actual real-word throughput attainable with an external 1000BaseT USB 2.0 network card under Linux. I have been able to attain 90 megabytes per second on a PCI-E interface, but the USB 2.0 bus has a theoretical limit of 480Mbit/s, and in practice less than 40 megabytes per second. Is the actual throughput attainable with such a card under linux 40, 30, 20, or even as low as 10 megabytes per second, eg. no better than a normal 100BaseT network card?

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  • On Linux, can I get 3D acceleration with a Nvidia card w/o X?

    - by anon
    I like Linux. I like OpenGL. I don't like X. On Linux, is there anyway to get 3D acceleration from my Nvidia card without X? Ideally, I'd have the kernel boot, get to a console, then somehow get into a "graphics mode", where my entire monitor is just a single OpenGL screen ... and I draw stuff to it with OpenGL. Without X. Is this possible? Thanks!

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  • Need text editor that can save locally AND via FTP for Linux - switching from EditPlus on windows

    - by Cyrcle
    I just switched from Windows to Linux. I've been using EditPlus for many years mainly because of it's ability to save locally, and then send the file via FTP, with easy keyboard shortcuts (ctrl-s to save, ctrl-alt-s to ftp). I also need syntax highlighting and basic code editing features. Is there anything for Linux that can do this? I don't want to run EditPlus via Wine

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  • How to disable Skype from using system tray (notification area) on Linux?

    - by Ivan
    I use AWN dock on Linux (which behaves much like Windows 7 panes, using one icon for launching an application and managing its windows). It loses Skype (as well as any other application) when it goes minimized to system tray (notification area). Can I disable Skype from minimizing to system tray favouring Win7-like behaviour? Skype version I use is 2.1 beta, but I would not mind reinstalling it in favour of another version. I use Arch Linux with all the latest kernel, x.org and xfce.

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  • Change User's password in Subversion

    - by Derek
    We use Collabnet Subversion here in our office. We can change user passwords via console (remote access to the server), but the console is only accessible by a root password. Is there an existing web interface which users can use to change their passwords?

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  • How to launch Google Chrome Application Shortcuts in Linux?

    - by Michael Rose
    I've got Chrome running on my Linux netbook, it's great and, unlike the Mac version, the 'Create Application Shortcut' option isn't greyed out. So I created one for Gmail. The 'applications' get stored at ~/.local/share/applications but I haven't managed to launch it yet. If I use Chrome in terminal $ google-chrome ~/.local/share/applications/google-application-reallylong-randomname.thing It opens the file in a new tab in Chrome and helpfully downloads it for me! Anyone got application shortcuts working in Linux?

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