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• What are the disadvantages to declaring Scala case classes?

  - by Graham Lea

  If you're writing code that's using lots of beautiful, immutable data structures, case classes appear to be a godsend, giving you all of the following for free with just one keyword: Everything immutable by default Getters automatically defined Decent toString() implementation Compliant equals() and hashCode() Companion object with unapply() method for matching But what are the disadvantages of defining an immutable data structure as a case class? What restrictions does it place on the class or its clients? Are there situations where you should prefer a non-case class?

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• /proc/net/dev and /sys/class/net/ bogus network interface names

  - by sfink

  I am constructing a list of network interfaces to monitor based on the contents of /proc/net/dev. But I am getting some bogus interfaces in the list: __tmp1104705027 __tmp974528607 Where do those come from? They also show up in /sys/class/net/: # ls -1 /sys/class/net/ eth0 eth1 eth2 eth3 lo sit0 __tmp1104705027 __tmp974528607 For now, I think I'll just ignore anything starting with __tmp, but I'd like to know what they are and where they come from. This is on a recompiled CentOS 5.3 kernel: 2.6.18-128.7.1.el5.tvh.7PAE #1 SMP PREEMPT

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• Sub-classing templated class without implementing pure virtual method

  - by LeopardSkinPillBoxHat

  I have the following class definition: template<typename QueueItemT> class QueueBC { protected: QueueBC() {}; virtual ~QueueBC() {}; private: virtual IItemBuf* constructItem(const QueueItemT& item) = 0; } I created the following sub-class: class MyQueue : public QueueBC<MyItemT> { public: MyQueue(); virtual ~MyQueue(); }; This compiles fine under VS2005, yet I haven't implemented constructItem() in the MyQueue class. Any idea why?

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• Usage of sendBroadcast()

  - by Vidhya

  sendBroadcast() - Should it be called inside Activity? I am trying to call sendBroadcast() from my method of utility-class which doesn't extend Activity. I am getting compilation error as below The method sendBroadcast(Intent) is undefined for the type MyWrapperClass MyWrapperClass.java Here is the code snippet: abstract class MyWrapperClass { public static void sendData() { Intent intent = new Intent ("com.proj.utility.mgr",null); intent.putExtra("example","Broadcasting "); sendBroadcast(intent); } } Is there any concept behind using sendBroadcast call inside my class. There is no issue in using sendBroadcast() inside Activity. Can someone here help me to resolve it? Or Any other suggestions are invited to return data from utility class to application asynchronously. Thanks in advance.

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• Call a non static methode in a static SQLiteDatabase class

  - by Fevos

  i want to display a msg to the user (msg box or Toast) when exception happend in a static SQLite Database class that i use. the proplem is that i cant call a non static methode in a static class , how can i handle this. this is the class private static SQLiteDatabase getDatabase(Context aContext) { and i want to add something like this in the class when exception happen but context genertae the problem of reference to non static in static class. Context context = getApplicationContext(); CharSequence text = "Hello toast!"; int duration = Toast.LENGTH_SHORT; Toast toast = Toast.makeText(context, text, duration); toast.show();

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• Public and Internal members in an Internal class?

  - by Noldorin

  Ok, so this may be a bit of a silly question, and there's certainly the obvious answer, but I was curious if I've missed any subtleties here. Is there any difference in terms of visibility/usability between a public member declared in an internal class and an internal member declared in an internal class? i.e. between internal class Foo { public void Bar() { } } and internal class Foo { internal void Bar() { } } If you declared the method as public and also virtual, and then overrode it in a derived class that is public, the reason for using this modifier is clear. However, is this the only situation... am I missing something else?

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• nesting classes in php

  - by Honey

  here is my sample class to why i want to nest. include("class.db.php"); class Cart { function getProducts() { //this is how i do it now. //enter code here`but i dont want to redeclare for every method in this class. //how can i declare it in one location to be able to use the same variable in every method? $db = new mysqlDB; $query = $db->query("select something from a table"); return $query } }

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• add methods in subclasses within the super class constructor

  - by deamon

  I want to add methods (more specifically: method aliases) automatically to Python subclasses. If the subclass defines a method named 'get' I want to add a method alias 'GET' to the dictionary of the subclass. To not repeat myself I'd like to define this modifation routine in the base class. But if I check in the base class init method, there is no such method, since it is defined in the subclass. It will become more clear with some source code: class Base: def __init__(self): if hasattr(self, "get"): setattr(self, "GET", self.get) class Sub(Base): def get(): pass print(dir(Sub)) Output: ['__doc__', '__init__', '__module__', 'get'] It should also contain 'GET'. Is there a way to do it within the base class?

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• How to generate proxy for a child class when my web service return a parent class?

  - by Amir Borzoei

  Hi * I have a web method like this: public class ParentClass{ public String str1; } public class ChildClass : ParentClass{ public String str2; } public class WebService{ public ParentClass WebMethod(){ return GetFirstChildClass(); //Return a child class } } When I generate proxy for this web service by Visual Studio, VS just generate proxy for ParentClass but I need ChildClass too. For workaround I add a dummy method to WebService that return ChildClass to generate proxy for ChildClass in client. public class WebService{ ... //This is a dummy method to generate proxy for ChildClass in client. public ChildClass DummyWebMethod(){ return null; } } In addition I write web service in java (JAX-WS) and my client is a SilverLight Application. Is there a better solution for this problem? tanx for your help ;)

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• iphone OCMockObject and unit-testing a class that inherits from NSURLConnection

  - by Justin Galzic

  I want to unit test the custom init method of a class that inherits from NSURLConnection -- how would I do this if the init of my testable class invokes NSURLConnection's initWithRequest? I'm using OCMock and normally, I can mock objects that are contained within my test class. For this inheritance scenario, what's the best approach to do this? - (void)testInit { id urlRequest = [OCMockObject mockForClass:[NSURLRequest class]]; MyURLConnectionWrapper *conn = [[MyURLConnectionWrapper alloc] initWithRequest:urlRequest delegate:self someData:extraneousData]; } My class is implemented like this: @interface MyURLConnectionWrapper : NSURLConnection { } - (id)initWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request delegate:(id)delegate someData:(NSString *)fooData @end @implementation MyURLConnectionWrapper - (id)initWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request delegate:(id)delegate someData:(NSString *)fooData { if (self = [super initWithRequest:request delegate:delegate]) { // do some additional work here } return self; } Here's the error I get: OCMockObject[NSURLRequest]: unexpected method invoked: _CFURLRequest

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• Objective-C @class / import best practice

  - by Winder

  I've noticed that a lot of Objective-C examples will forward declare classes with @class, then actually import the class in the .m file with an import. I understand that this is considered a best practice, as explained in answers to question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/322597/objective-c-class-vs-import Coming from C++ this feels backwards. I would normally include all needed .h files in the new classes header file. This seems useful since it would make the compiler generate a warning when two classes include each other, at which point I can decide whether this is a bad thing or not then use the same Objective-C style and forward declare the class in the header and include it in the .cpp file. What is the benefit of forward declaring @class and importing in the implementation file? Should it be a best practice in C++ to forward declare classes rather than including the header file? Or is it wrong to think of Objective-C and C++ in these similar terms to begin with?

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• Two classes and inline functions

  - by klew

  I have two classes and both of them uses some of the other class, on example: // class1.h class Class1; #include "class2.h" class Class1 { public: static Class2 *C2; ... }; // class2.h class Class2; #include "class1.h" class Class2 { public: static Class1 *C1; ... }; And when I define it like in example above, it works (I also have some #ifndef to avoid infinite header recurency). But I also want to add some inline functions to my classes. And I read here that I should put definition of inline function in header file, because it won't work if I'll put them in cpp file and want to call them from other cpp file (when I do it I get undefined reference during linking). But the problem here is with something like this: // class1.h ... inline void Class1::Foo() { C2->Bar(); } I get error: invalid use of incomplete type ‘struct Class2’. So how can I do it?

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• How to add class to openframeworks project in VS2012

  - by Mr Bell

  I am normally a C# guy but trying to get into c++. I made myself a new openframeworks project by copying and pasting one of the example projects and then renaming everything to my project name. (If there is an easier way, I would love to hear it) This project has the .cpp and .h files in a sub folder called "src" which are in turn organized into virtual folders (filters???) in visual studio. How can I add a class to this project from within visual studio? If I right click on the src filter in the solution explorer and hit add class. It creates the class files at the root of the project not in the src folder. I mean it does this both in the solution explorer and where it physically places the files. This is a problem because I can't include my class files in the rest of my app, presumably because they aren't in the same folder What is the proper way to add a class file?

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• Abstract Methods in "Product" - Factory Method C#

  - by Regina Foo

  I have a simple class library (COM+ service) written in C# to consume 5 web services: Add, Minus, Divide, Multiply and Compare. I've created the abstract product and abstract factory classes. The abstract product named WS's code: public abstract class WS { public abstract double Calculate(double a, double b); public abstract string Compare(double a, double b); } As you see, when one of the subclasses inherits WS, both methods must be overridden which might not be useful in some subclasses. E.g. Compare doesn't need Calculate() method. To instantiate a new CompareWS object, the client class will call the CreateWS() method which returns a WS object type. public class CompareWSFactory : WSFactory { public override WS CreateWS() { return new CompareWS(); } } But if Compare() is not defined as abstract in WS, the Compare() method cannot be invoked. This is only an example with two methods, but what if there are more methods? Is it stupid to define all the methods as abstract in the WS class? My question is: I want to define abstract methods that are common to all subclasses of WS whereas when the factory creates a WS object type, all the methods of the subclasses can be invoked (overridden methods of WS and also the methods in subclasses). How should I do this?

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• Empty list in appengine datastore: java vs python

  - by lOranger

  I have the following java model class in AppEngine: public class Xyz ... { @Persistent private Set<Long> uvw; } When saving an object Xyz with an empty set uvw in Java, I get a "null" field (as listed in the appengine datastore viewer). When I try to load the same object in python (through remote_api), as defined by the following python model class: class Xys(db.Model): uvw = db.ListProperty(int) I get a "BadValueError: Property uvw is required". When saving another object of the same class in python with an empty uvw list, the datastore viewer print a "missing" field. Apparently empty lists storage handling differs between Java and python and lead to "incompatible" objects. Thus my question: Is there a way to, either: force Java to store an empty list as a "missing" field, force Python to gracefully accept a "null" list as an empty list when loading the object? Or any other suggestion on how to handle empty list field in both languages. Thanks for your answers!

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• Python equivalent of Java's compareTo()

  - by astay13

  I'm doing a project in Python (3.2) for which I need to compare user defined objects. I'm used to OOP in Java, where one would define a compareTo() method in the class that specifies the natural ordering of that class, as in the example below: public class Foo { int a, b; public Foo(int aa, int bb) { a = aa; b = bb; } public int compareTo(Foo that) { // return a negative number if this < that // return 0 if this == that // return a positive number if this > that if (this.a == that.a) return this.b - that.b; else return this.a - that.a; } } I'm fairly new to classes/objects in Python, so I'd like to know what is the "pythonic" way to define the natural ordering of a class?

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• How to add member variable to an interface in c#

  - by Nassign

  I know this may be basic but I cannot seem to add a member variable to an interface. I tried inheriting the interface to an abstract class and add member variable to the abstract class but it still does not work. Here is my code: public interface IBase { void AddData(); void DeleteData(); } public abstract class AbstractBase : IBase { string ErrorMessage; abstract AddData(); abstract DeleteData(); }

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• Handling events exposed on a .NET class via COM in VB6

  - by PeanutPower

  Handling events exposed on a .NET class via COM in VB6 My test .NET (class libary registered for interop in compiler settings) code: Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices <InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIDispatch), ComVisible(True)> _ Public Interface MyEventInterface <DispId(1)> Event Exploded(ByVal Text As String) <DispId(2)> Sub PushRedButton() End Interface <ClassInterface(ClassInterfaceType.None)> _ Public Class EventTest Implements MyEventInterface Public Event Exploded(ByVal Text As String) Implements MyEventInterface.Exploded Public Sub PushRedButton() Implements MyEventInterface.PushRedButton RaiseEvent Exploded("Bang") End Sub End Class My test VB6 application winforms code (which references the above class libary): Public ct As New ComTest1.EventTest Private Sub Command1_Click() ct.add_Exploded (ExplodedHandler) ct.PushRedButton ct.remove_Exploded (ExplodedHandler) End Sub Private Sub ExplodedHandler(ByVal Text As String) MsgBox Text End Sub Specifially I'm not sure how to set up the handler in VB6 the compile error I get is "Argument not optional" on this line in the VB6: ct.add_Exploded (ExplodedHandler)

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• JUnit: 4.8.1 "Could not find class"

  - by Patrick

  Ok, I am like other and new to jUnit and having a difficult time trying to get it working. I have searched the forum but the answers provided; I am just not getting. If anyone out there could lend me a hand I would greatly appreciate it. Let me provide the basics: OS: mac OS X.6 export JUNIT_HOME="/Developer/junit/junit4.8.1" export CVSROOT="/opt/cvsroot" export PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/localmysql/bin:/opt/PalmSDK/Current/bin/:/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH:$JUNIT_HOME:$CVSROOT" export CLASSPATH="$CLASSPATH:$JUNIT_HOME/junit-4.8.1.jar:$JUNIT_HOME" I can compile a test class from a java file, however when I try to then run the test java org.junit.runner.JUnitCore MyTest.class I get the following: JUnit version 4.8.1 Could not find class: MyTest.class Time: 0.001 OK (0 tests) Now I have been in the directory with the MyTest.class which is just somewhere in my file system, I tried moving the source folder to the "junit" folder and the "junit/junit4.8.1" folder and the same result. I cannot even run the tests that came with junit. Thanks patrick

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• Instrumentation class in the Android API.

  - by Riyas

  Hi All, I have question on the Android API. Android API provides a class called "Instrumentation" class. What is the use of this class? Is the Instrumentation class be used only together with Junit for unit testing. Can Junit framework can be used to test the methods of the Android API without using the Instrumentation class. Since Junit package has been included in the Android package, I hope we dont need to use install separately for unit testing. I would appreciate if you could provide me the information as i can't find these clear information anywhere on the Web. If we use Junit test framework to test the Android API, can we have test results in the UI format rather than test format.? Thanks a lot. Apprecite your time. Regards, Riyas

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• Java - Google App Engine - InvalidClassException when I change a class that was stored in session sc

  - by Spines

  I updated my User class, and now whenever someone that had the old version of the User class stored in their session scope accesses my site, I get an InvalidClassException. javax.servlet.ServletException: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.io.InvalidClassException: User; local class incompatible: stream classdesc serialVersionUID = 4949038118012519093, local class serialVersionUID = -971500502189813151 How do I stop this error from happening for those users? I could probably invalidate everyone's sessions every time I want to update a class that gets stored in session scope, but is there a better way, so that my user's don't have to login again?

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• Adding Class instance as a new Row in DataGridView (c#)

  - by Amit Shah

  Hi All, I have a class say [Serializable] public class Answer { [DisplayName("ID")] public string ID { get; set; } [DisplayName("Value")] public string Value { get; set; } } and I have a datagridview with bounded columns to the above class. instances of this class Answer are created dynamically as and when required. How do I update datagridview when each and every instance of class is created. is it possible to do something of this sort. dataGridView.Rows.Add(classInstance); Thanks in Advance, Amit

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• In VB.NET how do you specify Inherits/implements on a generic class with multi-constraints

  - by Romel Evans

  When I write the following statement in VB.Net (C# is my normal language), I get an "end of statement expected" referring to the "Implements" statement. <Serializable()> _ <XmlSchemaProvider("EtgSchema")> _ Public Class SerializeableEntity(Of T As {Class, ISerializable, New}) _ Implements IXmlSerializable, ISerializable ... End Class The C# version that I'm trying to emulate is: [Serializable] [XmlSchemaProvider("MySchema")] public class SerializableEntity<T> : IXmlSerializable, ISerializable where T : class, new() { .... } Sometimes I feel like I have 5 thumbs with VB.NET :)

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• Access variables from a number of sources

  - by mac_55

  I'm creating my first game, and I've currently set up a 'GameState' class, to store player health etc. inside. This class is currently instantiated from the AppDelegate as I need to access it from all over my game. This is fine. For each class I'm working in, I can access the app delegate, and then find the GameState object... however, it seems very messy. I'm tempted to find a way (I'm still a newbie) to define the GameState instance as being some sort of global variable so that I can access it from all over with ease... but my little bit of reading on variable scope makes me uneasy about doing this, even if I knew how. Any ideas of the best way to define and access this class? It'll be used for everything from player health, to items they've found, any personalisation etc. Thanks!

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• MooTools Classes and JsDoc

  - by Joel Alejandro

  I have the following Moo class: Nem.Ui.Window = new Class({ Implements: [Options, Events], options: { caption: "Ventana", icon: $empty, centered: true, id: $empty, width: $empty, height: $empty, modal: false, desktop: $empty, x: $empty, y: $empty, layout: $empty }, initialize: function(options) { this.setOptions(options); /* ... */ }, setHtmlContents: function(content) { /* ... */ }, setText: function(text) { /* ... */ }, close: function(win) { /* ... */ }, /* ... */ }); I want to document it with JsDoc. I read you can use @lends [class].prototype inside new Class and mark initialize with the @constructs tag. How can I mark methods and events such? I.E.: setHtmlContents should be a method, close should be an event. Also, can the elements under options be documented, somehow?

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