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• ntpd on Fedora Core 6 with high negative time rest values

  - by Mark White

  The basic problem is we have a FC6 server instance running on a virtual machine, and the system time seems to have been slowly varying until it is now causing a problem. The server runs 24/7 and has been up for 155 days. It has been changed to show GMT, and reports the time as (example) 00:15:15 GMT whereas the actual time is 00:00:00 GMT. This is an offset of 915 seconds. selinux has been changed to 'setenforce 0' for testing and I am running as root. I stop the ntpd service and change the time in System|Administration|Date & Time. The time still shows the same with 'date' in bash. There are no error logs. I change the date with 'date --set' in bash. The response confirms the changed date. I run 'date' and the incorrect date is shown. There are no error logs. I start the ntpd service and /var/log/messages shows success with 'time reset -915.720139s'. The date remains unchanged. ntpq -p shows three three time servers all have offsets of around -915 seconds. I stop ntpd service and try 'ntpd -gqx' and get the same result as above - success, but a large negative time reset. I've tried varying combinations of the above, and a few more settings in System|Administration|Date & Time - no change. I just need to reset the system time to GMT. No offset. But I can't wait for ntpd to slew the time over the next few weeks. Any advice is welcome, cheers! Sure this shouldn't be this difficult... Mark...

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• Shell script to emulate warnings-as-errors?

  - by talkaboutquality

  Some compilers let you set warnings as errors, so that you'll never leave any compiler warnings behind, because if you do, the code won't build. This is a Good Thing. Unfortunately, some compilers don't have a flag for warnings-as-errors. I need to write a shell script or wrapper that provides the feature. Presumably it parses the compilation console output and returns failure if there were any compiler warnings (or errors), and success otherwise. "Failure" also means (I think) that object code should not be produced. What's the shortest, simplest UNIX/Linux shell script you can write that meets the explicit requirements above, as well as the following implicit requirements of otherwise behaving just like the compiler: - accepts all flags, options, arguments - supports redirection of stdout and stderr - produces object code and links as directed Key words: elegant, meets all requirements. Extra credit: easy to incorporate into a GNU make file. Thanks for your help. === Clues === This solution to a different problem, using shell functions (?), Append text to stderr redirects in bash, might figure in. Wonder how to invite litb's friend "who knows bash quite well" to address my question? === Answer status === Thanks to Charlie Martin for the short answer, but that, unfortunately, is what I started out with. A while back I used that, released it for office use, and, within a few hours, had its most severe drawback pointed out to me: it will PASS a compilation with no warnings, but only errors. That's really bad because then we're delivering object code that the compiler is sure won't work. The simple solution also doesn't meet the other requirements listed. Thanks to Adam Rosenfield for the shorthand, and Chris Dodd for introducing pipefail to the solution. Chris' answer looks closest, because I think the pipefail should ensure that if compilation actually fails on error, that we'll get failure as we should. Chris, does pipefail work in all shells? And have any ideas on the rest of the implicit requirements listed above?

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• python protobufs - avoid the install step ?

  - by orion elenzil

  i'm writing a small python utility which will be consumed by moderately non-technical users and which needs to interface w/ some protobufs. ideally, i would like the only prerequisites to using this on a local machine to be: have python installed * have an SVN checkout of the repository * run a simple bash script to build the local proto .py definitions * run "python myutility" i'm running into trouble around importing descriptor_pb2.py, tho. i've seen Why do I see "cannot import name descriptor_pb2" error when using Google Protocol Buffers? , but would like to avoid adding the additional prerequisite of having run the proto SDK installer. i've modified the bash script to also generate descriptor_pb2.py in the local heirarchy, which works for the first level of imports from my other _pb2.py files, but it looks like descriptor_pb2.py itself tries to import descriptor_pb2 can't find it: $ python myutility.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "myutility.py", line 4, in <module> import protos.myProto_pb2 File "/myPath/protos/myProto_pb2.py", line 8, in <module> from google.protobuf import descriptor_pb2 File "/myPath/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb2.py", line 8, in <module> from google.protobuf import descriptor_pb2 ImportError: cannot import name descriptor_pb2 my local folder looks like: * myutility.py * google/ * protobuf/ * descriptor.py * descriptor_pb2.py * protos * myProto_ob2.py also, i'm a python n00b, so it's possible i'm overlooking something obvious. tia, orion

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• Git with SSH on Windows

  - by pankar

  Hello all, I've went through the excellent guide provided by Tim Davis (http://www.timdavis.com.au/git/setting-up-a-msysgit-server-with-copssh-on-windows/) which is about configuring Git to work with SSH under Windows in order to produce a Git Server in order to have a main place for my DVCS. I am in the process of creating a clone for my project. I’ve went through all the steps till this point, but I keep getting this from TortoiseGit: git.exe clone -v “ssh://[email protected]:22/SSH/Home/administrator/myapp.git” “E:\GitTest\myapp” bash: [email protected]: command not found Initialized empty Git repository in E:/GitTest/myapp/.git/ fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly Success and nothing gets cloned. BTW: The TortoisePLink comes up just before this message appears and asks me: “login as:” ( I thought that this info is given in the command, i.e: Administrator@blahblah. My home variable is set to the correct place: From a Git Bash shell: echo $HOME /c/SSH/home/Administrator I’ve also tried using Putty’s plink instead of TortoisePLink (in both Git’s and TortoiseGit’s installation). This time the error was narrowed down to: git.exe clone -v “ssh://[email protected]:22/c:/SSH/Home/administrator/myapp.git” “E:\GitTest\myapp” Initialized empty Git repository in E:/GitTest/myapp/.git/ fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly Any help is more than welcome! Thanks Panagiotis

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• How do I get the F1-F12 keys to switch screens in gnu screen in cygwin when connecting via SSH?

  - by Mikey

  I'm connecting to a desktop running cygwin via SSH from the terminal app in Mac OS X. I have already started screen on the cygwin side and can connect to it over the SSH session. Furthermore, I have the following in the .screenrc file: bindkey -k k1 select 1 # F1 = screen 1 bindkey -k k2 select 2 # F2 = screen 2 bindkey -k k3 select 3 # F3 = screen 3 bindkey -k k4 select 4 # F4 = screen 4 bindkey -k k5 select 5 # F5 = screen 5 bindkey -k k6 select 6 # F6 = screen 6 bindkey -k k7 select 7 # F7 = screen 7 bindkey -k k8 select 8 # F8 = screen 8 bindkey -k k9 select 9 # F9 = screen 9 bindkey -k F1 prev # F11 = prev bindkey -k F2 next # F12 = next However, when I start multiple windows in screen and attempt to switch between them via the function keys, all I get is a beep. I have tried various settings for $TERM (e.g. ansi, cygwin, xterm-color, vt100) and they don't really seem to affect anything. I have verified that the terminal app is in fact sending the escape sequence for the function key that I'm expecting and that my bash shell (running inside screen) is receiving it. For example, for F1, it sends the following (hexdump is a perl script I wrote that takes STDIN in binmode and outputs it as a hexadecimal/ascii dump): % hexdump [press F1 and then hit ^D to terminate input] 00000000: 1b4f50 .OP If things were working correctly, I don't think bash should receive the escape sequence because screen should have caught it and turned it into a command. How do I get the function keys to work?

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• shell scripting: search/replace & check file exist

  - by johndashen

  I have a perl script (or any executable) E which will take a file foo.xml and write a file foo.txt. I use a Beowulf cluster to run E for a large number of XML files, but I'd like to write a simple job server script in shell (bash) which doesn't overwrite existing txt files. I'm currently doing something like #!/bin/sh PATTERN="[A-Z]*0[1-2][a-j]"; # this matches foo in all cases todo=`ls *.xml | grep $PATTERN -o`; isdone=`ls *.txt | grep $PATTERN -o`; whatsleft=todo - isdone; # what's the unix magic? #tack on the .xml prefix with sed or something #and then call the job server; jobserve E "$whatsleft"; and then I don't know how to get the difference between $todo and $isdone. I'd prefer using sort/uniq to something like a for loop with grep inside, but I'm not sure how to do it (pipes? temporary files?) As a bonus question, is there a way to do lookahead search in bash grep? To clarify: so the simplest way to do what i'm asking is (in pseudocode) for i in `/bin/ls *.xml` do replace xml suffix with txt if [that file exists] add to whatsleft list end done

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• How can I open VLC via browser with PHP (Mac OS X)

  - by Damiqib

  I'm trying to open VLC via browser and make it instantly play the given video file on Mac OS X. This runs on my local server and is only meant to run locally - therefore I already run apache (MAMP) with my username and with group "staff" (defined in httpd.conf). YES - I do know that VLC has http interface - however that is not what I need, so do not suggest that... My current system works without any problems when I run it via Terminal: php /var/www/Movies/index.php - This leads to VLC opening and video starts playing fullscreen like intented. Problems start when I run the same PHP-page with browser. Then the VLC-process starts, but there's no GUI for it, video file won't start playing and the VLC-process takes nearly 100% of CPU. Both; terminal and browser started VLC-processes run with the same user (mine) Both have "Parent process" bash VLC-process begun with Terminal has empty "Process group" (only process id-number) and browser started has "httpd" + (id-number) VLC-process started via browser makes 1000-times more "Mach System Calls" than it's Terminal-started counterpart. Could anyone give me any pointers on how to get this thing working? index.php # $j is a file path to the videofile and is defined before exec('/var/www/Movies/vlc.sh "' . $j . '" > /dev/null 2>&1 & echo $!;'); # If I do this in the given PHP-page it tells me that apache is running # with my username and with the group "staff" like it should be... exec('whoamI'); vlc.sh #!/bin/bash # Activate VLC in 5 seconds to make it the front-most window (sleep 5; open -a VLC) & # Open video file /Applications/VLC.app/Contents/MacOS/VLC --quiet --fullscreen "$1"

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• cross-platform scripting for windows, Linux, MacOS X

  - by karolrvn

  Hi. I'm looking for cross-platform scripting (language) for windows, Linux, MacOS X. I'm tired of .bat / bash . I would like to do things like for example ,,lock workstation'' at automatic login (I had this in X-Window but the solution was pretty ugly; now, I would like that on MS Windows and not that ugly :-) ). Generally: automate tasks. Or would I be better off with Windows Scripting Host? PowerShell also comes to mind, but that's seems to Windows-only for my taste. Can languages like Python, Ruby, (Java?) interact (elegantly? sensibly?) with WSH? Also things like DBUS, DCOM, etc come to mind as part of the picture. Currently I use a mixture of Java, .bat, bash, Ruby, Scala; some VBA for Excel. Which sometimes gets pretty ugly. I would like a cross-platform general solution with/using ,,native'' parts close to OS-specifics. Like e.g. Ruby driving some Windows-specific stuff (just a guess). What do You use? TIA

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• Can't get syntax on to work in my gvim.

  - by user198553

  (I'm new to Linux and Vim, and I'm trying to learn Vim but I'm having some issues with it that I can't seen do fix) I'm in a Linux installation (Ubuntu 8.04) that I can't update, using Vim 7.1.138. My vim installation is in /usr/share/vim/vim71/. /home/user/ My .vimrc file is in /home/user/.vimrc, as follows: fun! MySys() return "linux" endfun set runtimepath=~/.vim,$VIMRUTNTIME source ~/.vim/.vimrc And then, in my /home/user/.vim/.vimrc: " =============== GENERAL CONFIG ============== set nocompatible syntax on " =============== ENCODING AND FILE TYPES ===== set encoding=utf8 set ffs=unix,dos,mac " =============== INDENTING =================== set ai " Automatically set the indent of a new line (local to buffer) set si " smartindent (local to buffer) " =============== FONT ======================== " Set font according to system if MySys() == "mac" set gfn=Bitstream\ Vera\ Sans\ Mono:h13 set shell=/bin/bash elseif MySys() == "windows" set gfn=Bitstream\ Vera\ Sans\ Mono:h10 elseif MySys() == "linux" set gfn=Inconsolata\ 14 set shell=/bin/bash endif " =============== COLORS ====================== colorscheme molokai " ============== PLUGINS ====================== " -------------- NERDTree --------------------- :noremap ,n :NERDTreeToggle<CR> " =============== DIRECTORIES ================= set backupdir=~/.backup/vim set directory=~/.swap/vim ...fact is the command syntax on is not working, neither in vim or gvim. And the strange thing is: If I try to set the syntax using the gvim toolbat, it works. Then, in normal mode in gvim, after activating using the toolbar, using the code :syntax off, it works, and just after doing this trying to do :syntax on doesn't work!! What's going on? Am I missing something?

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• Processing command-line arguments in prefix notation in Python

  - by ejm

  I'm trying to parse a command-line in Python which looks like the following: $ ./command -o option1 arg1 -o option2 arg2 arg3 In other words, the command takes an unlimited number of arguments, and each argument may optionally be preceded with an -o option, which relates specifically to that argument. I think this is called a "prefix notation". In the Bourne shell I would do something like the following: while test -n "$1" do if test "$1" = '-o' then option="$2" shift 2 fi # Work with $1 (the argument) and $option (the option) # ... shift done Looking around at the Bash tutorials, etc. this seems to be the accepted idiom, so I'm guessing Bash is optimized to work with command-line arguments this way. Trying to implement this pattern in Python, my first guess was to use pop(), as this is basically a stack operation. But I'm guessing this won't work as well on Python because the list of arguments in sys.argv is in the wrong order and would have to be processed like a queue (i.e. pop from the left). I've read that lists are not optimized for use as queues in Python. So, my ideas are: convert argv to a collections.deque and use popleft(), reverse argv using reverse() and use pop(), or maybe just work with the int list indices themselves. Does anyone know of a better way to do this, otherwise which of my ideas would be best-practise in Python?

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• Is there a way to easily convert a series of tarballs of a source tree into a git repository?

  - by Hotei

  I'm new to git and I have a moderately large number of weekly tarballs from a long running project. Each tarball has on average a few hundred files in it. I'm looking for a git strategy that will allow me to add the expanded contents of each tarball to a new git repository, starting from version 1.001 and going through version 1.650. As of this stage of the project 99.5% of tarball(n) is just a copy of version(n-1) - in other words, a perfect candidate for git. The desired end result is to have only the master branch remaining at the end of the process. I think I know git well enough to do this "by hand". As I understand it there is no possibility of a merge conflict since there will be no opportunity to change the master before the next version is added and committed. A shell script is my first guess, but I'm not sure how well bash will like it when git checkout branch_n gets processed while bash is executing in branch_n-1. For the purposes of this project the host environment is Ubuntu 10.4, resources available are 8 Gig RAM, 500 Gig Disk space free and 4 CPU processor at 3.ghz . I don't need someone else to solve the problem but I could use a nudge in the right direction as to how a git expert would approach it. Any advice from someone who's "been there done that" would be appreciated. Hotei PS: I have looked at site's suggested "related questions" and found nothing relevant.

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• Script to install and compile Python, Django, Virtualenv, Mercurial, Git, LessCSS, etc... on Dreamho

  - by tmslnz

  The Story After cleaning up my Dreamhost shared server's home folder from all the cruft accumulated over time, I decided to start afresh and compile/reinstall Python. All tutorials and snippets I found seemed overly simplistic, assuming (or ignoring) a bunch of dependencies needed by Python to compile all modules correctly. So, starting from http://andrew.io/weblog/2010/02/installing-python-2-6-virtualenv-and-virtualenvwrapper-on-dreamhost/ (so far the best guide I found), I decided to write a set-and-forget Bash script to automate this painful process, including along the way a bunch of other things I am planning to use. The Script I am hosting the script on http://bitbucket.org/tmslnz/python-dreamhost-batch/src/ The TODOs So far it runs fine, and does all it needs to do in about 900 seconds, giving me at the end of the process a fully functional Python / Mercurial / etc... setup without even needing to log out and back in. I though this might be of use for others too, but there are a few things that I think it's missing and I am not quite sure how to go for it, what's the best way to do it, or if this just doesn't make any sense at all. Check for errors and break Check for minor version bumps of the packages and give warnings Check for known dependencies Use arguments to install only some of the packages instead of commenting out lines Organise the code in a manner that's easy to update Optionally make the installers and compiling silent, with error logging to file failproof .bashrc modification to prevent breaking ssh logins and having to log back via FTP to fix it EDIT: The implied question is: can anyone, more bashful than me, offer general advice on the worthiness of the above points or highlight any problems they see with this approach? (see my answer to Ry4an's comment below) The Gist I am no UNIX or Bash or compiler expert, and this has been built iteratively, by trial and error. It is somehow going towards apt-get (well, 1% of it...), but since Dreamhost and others obviously cannot give root access on shared servers, this looks to me like a potentially very useful workaround; particularly so with some community work involved.

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• Write raw struct contents (bytes) to a file in C. Confused about actual size written

  - by d11wtq

  Basic question, but I expected this struct to occupy 13 bytes of space (1 for the char, 12 for the 3 unsigned ints). Instead, sizeof(ESPR_REL_HEADER) gives me 16 bytes. typedef struct { unsigned char version; unsigned int root_node_num; unsigned int node_size; unsigned int node_count; } ESPR_REL_HEADER; What I'm trying to do is initialize this struct with some values and write the data it contains (the raw bytes) to the start of a file, so that when I open this file I later I can reconstruct this struct and gain some meta data about what the rest of the file contains. I'm initializing the struct and writing it to the file like this: int esprime_write_btree_header(FILE * fp, unsigned int node_size) { ESPR_REL_HEADER header = { .version = 1, .root_node_num = 0, .node_size = node_size, .node_count = 1 }; return fwrite(&header, sizeof(ESPR_REL_HEADER), 1, fp); } Where node_size is currently 4 while I experiment. The file contains the following data after I write the struct to it: -bash$ hexdump test.dat 0000000 01 bf f9 8b 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 0000010 I expect it to actually contain: -bash$ hexdump test.dat 0000000 01 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 0000010 Excuse the newbiness. I am trying to learn :) How do I efficiently write just the data components of my struct to a file?

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• Ant telnet is hanging on a simple task

  - by Sagar

  <?xml version="1.0" ?> <project name="test" default="root"> <target name="telnet"> <telnet server="10.1.1.1"> <read>login:</read> <write>root</write> <read>password:</read> <write>${PASSWORD}</write> <read>#</read> <write>ls</write> <read>#</read> </telnet> </target> </project> That is the code I have in a build.xml file. When I run ant (version 1.8, in bash) (I have downloaded and copied over the jars for commons-net-2.0 and jakarta-oro-2.0.8 already), this is the output I get: Buildfile: /home/sagar/build.xml telnet: and then it just sits there. When I do a "who" on my server, I can see "System" waiting on login. But there is no progress after this. I can telnet into the server using normal telnet means (putty, bash, etc). I even tried the full telnet command instead of read/write: <telnet server="10.1.1.1" userid="root" password="root"> Any help is much appreciated! Note: JRE 1.5, Ant 1.8, commons-net version 2.0, jakarta version 2.0.8

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• Garbled text when constructing emails with vmime

  - by Klaus Fiedler

  Hey, my Qt C++ program has a part where it needs to send the first 128 characters or so of the output of a bash command to an email address. The output from the tty is captured in a text box in my gui called textEdit_displayOutput and put into my message I built using the Message Builder ( the object m_vmMessage ) Here is the relevant code snippet: m_vmMessage.getTextPart()->setCharset( vmime::charsets::US_ASCII ); m_vmMessage.getTextPart()->setText( vmime::create < vmime::stringContentHandler > ( ui->textEdit_displayOutput->toPlainText().toStdString() ) ); vmime::ref < vmime::message > msg = m_vmMessage.construct(); vmime::utility::outputStreamAdapter out( std::cout ); msg->generate( out ); Giving bash 'ls /' and a newline makes vmime give terminal output like this: ls /=0Abin etc=09 initrd.img.old mnt=09 sbin=09 tmp=09 vmlinuz.o= ld=0Aboot farts=09 lib=09=09 opt=09 selinux usr=0Acdrom home=09 = lost+found=09 proc srv=09 var=0Adev initrd.img media=09 root = Whereas it should look more like this: ls / bin etc initrd.img.old mnt sbin tmp vmlinuz.old boot farts lib opt selinux usr cdrom home lost+found proc srv var dev initrd.img media root sys vmlinuz 18:22> How do I encode the email properly? Does vmime just display it like that on purpose and the actual content of the email is ok?

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• Git. Checkout feature branch between merge commits

  - by mageslayer

  Hi all It's kind weird, but I can't fulfill a pretty common operation with git. Basically what I want is to checkout a feature branch, not using it's head but using SHA id. This SHA points between merges from master branch. The problem is that all I get is just master branch without a commits from feature branch. Currently I'm trying to fix a regression introduced earlier in master branch. Just to be more descriptive, I crafted a small bash script to recreate a problem repository: #!/bin/bash rm -rf ./.git git init echo "test1" > test1.txt git add test1.txt git commit -m "test1" -a git checkout -b patches master echo "test2" > test2.txt git add test2.txt git commit -m "test2" -a git checkout master echo "test3" > test3.txt git add test3.txt git commit -m "test3" -a echo "test4" > test4.txt git add test4.txt git commit -m "test4" -a echo "test5" > test5.txt git add test5.txt git commit -m "test5" -a git checkout patches git merge master #Now how to get a branch having all commits from patches + test3.txt + test4.txt - test5.txt ??? Basically all I want is just to checkout branch "patches" with files 1-4, but not including test5.txt. Doing: git checkout [sha_where_test4.txt_entered] ... just gives a branch with test1,test3,test4, but excluding test2.txt Thanks.

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• Starting Beyond Compare from the Command Line

  - by Logan

  I have Beyond Compare 3 installed at; "C:\Program Files\Beyond Compare 3\BCompare.exe" and Cygwin; "C:\Cygwin\bin\bash.exe" What I would like is to be able to use a command such as; diff <file1> <file2> into the Cygwin shell and to have the shell fork a process opening the two files in beyond compare. I looked at the Beyond Compare Support Page but I'm afraid It was too brief for me. I tried copying the text verbatim (apart from path to executable) to no avail; Instead of using a batch file, create a file named "bc.sh" with the following line: "$(cygpath 'C:\Progra~1\Beyond~1\bcomp.exe')" `cygpath -w "$6"` `cygpath -w "$7"` /title1="$3" /title2="$5" /readonly Was I supposed to replace cygpath? I get a 'Command not found' error when I enter the name of the script on the command line. gavina@whwgavina1 /cygdrive $ "C:\Documents and Settings\gavina\Desktop\bc.sh" bash: C:\Documents and Settings\gavina\Desktop\bc.sh: command not found Does anyone have Beyond Compare working as I have described? Is this even possible in a Windows environment? Thanks in advance!

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• Escape whitespace in paths using nautilus script

  - by Tommy Brunn

  I didn't think this would be as tricky as it turned out to be, but here I am. I'm trying to write a Nautilus script in Python to upload one or more images to Imgur just by selecting and right clicking them. It works well enough with both single images and multiple images - as long as they don't contain any whitespace. In fact, you can upload a single image containing whitespace, just not multiple ones. The problem is that NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS returns all the selected files and directories as a space separated string. So for example, it could look like this: print os.environment['NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS'] /home/nevon/Desktop/test image.png /home/nevon/Desktop/test.jpg What I need is a way to -either in bash or Python- escape the spaces in the path - but not the spaces that delimit different items. Either that, or a way to put quotation marks around each item. The ultimate solution would be if I could do that in bash and then send the items as separate arguments to my python script. Something like: python uploader.py /home/nevon/Desktop/test\ image.png /home/nevon/Desktop/test.jpg I've tried RTFM'ing, but there doesn't seem to be a lot of good solutions for this. At least not that I've found. Any ideas?

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• shell script segment to avoid overwriting files

  - by johndashen

  I have a perl script (or any executable) E which will take a file foo.xml and write a file foo.txt. I use a Beowulf cluster to run E for a large number of XML files, but I'd like to write a simple job server script in shell (bash) which doesn't overwrite existing txt files. I'm currently doing something like #!/bin/sh PATTERN="[A-Z]*0[1-2][a-j]"; # this matches foo in all cases todo=`ls *.xml | grep $PATTERN`; isdone=`ls *.foo | grep $PATTERN`; whatsleft=todo - isdone; # what's the unix magic? #and then call the job server; jobserve E "$whatsleft"; and then I don't know how to get the difference between $todo and $isdone. I'd prefer using sort/uniq to something like a for loop with grep inside, but I'm not sure how to do it (pipes? temporary files?) As a bonus question, is there a way to do lookahead search in bash grep?

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• The shell dotfile cookbook

  - by Jason Baker

  I constantly hear from other people about how much of the stuff they've used to customize their *nix setup they've shamelessly stolen from other people. So in that spirit, I'd like to start a place to share that stuff here on SO. Here are the rules: DON'T POST YOUR ENTIRE DOTFILE. Instead, just show us the cool stuff. One recipe per answer You may, however, post multiple versions of your recipe in the same answer. For example, you may post a version that works for bash, a version that works for zsh, and a version that works for csh in the same answer. State what shells you know your recipe will work with in the answer. Let's build this cookbook as a team. If you find out that an answer works with other shells other than the one the author posted, edit it in. If you like an idea and rewrite it to work with another shell, edit the modified version in to the original post. Give credit where credit is due. If you got your idea from someone else, give them credit if possible. And for those of you (justifiably) asking "Why do we need another one of these threads?": Most of what I've seen is along the lines of "post your entire dotfile." Personally, I don't want to try to parse through a person's entire dotfile to figure out what I want. I just want to know about all the cool parts of it. It's helpful to have a single dotfile thread. I think most of the stuff that works in bash will work in zsh and it may be adapted to work with csh fairly easily.

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• VPN with wrong subnet mask

  - by Philipp Schmid

  I followed these instructions on www.hottonetworking.com to set up VPN on a clean install of Windows Server 2008 SP2 (not R2 yet). When I then establish a VPN connection to that machine from a client machine (running Windows 7 RC), everything succeeds (it seems since I get a 'Connected' state in the network sharing center window), but I end up with a subnet mask (according to ipconfig /all) of 255.255.255.255 instead of 255.255.255.0. The net effect is that I don't have local network or internet capability. What additional configuration steps do I have to do to get VPN with the proper subnet mask working? Update: Using the steps outlined in the Technet article mentioned by Mr. Nimble, I was able to get internet connection. Apparently the subnet mask is not an issue as my coworker was able to connect using his VPN connection and ping the server machine by name as well.

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• How does DNS "get stuck"?

  - by Muhammad Mussnoon

  I recently registered a domain and got hosting from Dreamhost. But when even after three days, the website was not accessible, I contacted support about it. This is the response the support person gave me: "My apologies! The DNS had gotten stuck, so I went ahead and pushed that through for you. Please allow 2-3 hours for the DNS to propagate." Now I have to say that my knowledge regarding these things is virtually zero, and I couldn't understand what the support person meant, so I ran a search and it seemed that Mr. Google knew just as much as I did regarding this. Can someone tell me what "dns getting stuck" means?

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• How can I speed up my Windows Server 2008 VPN Connection?

  - by Pure.Krome

  So I've installed VPN service that comes with Windows Server 2008. Works perfectly, etc. When a client remote desktops to one of the private servers at the office, via VPN .. it's pretty slow. Now - how long is a piece of string? So before I get all the obligatory checks, I'll list the things from Mr. Obvious: Our modem/router (fritz!box) has a data/graph that shows incoming and outbound bandwidth. Both directions are barely getting used when a client has RDP'd via VPN. Our office internet connection is running at 21,9 Mbit/s download 1,3 Mbit/s upload. I feel like it's maxing at .. modem speeds ?? Is there any tricks I can do to confirm this and possibly even fix this?

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• Address bar in Finder?

  - by wag2639

  I'm used to knowing where all my files are (and I'm anal about it -- I don't need Mr Jobs thinking he knows best about where my files should go). Is there a way to get an address bar to show up in Finder in OSX (10.5+) like in Explorer in Windows or Nautilus in Gnome. Edit: I also want to be able to copy the address bar. Perhaps the workflow is different on a Mac, but I'm use to throughly sorting my files under many layers of folders and then when I need to upload or download something, or access a file in command line or etc, I can copy and paste that directly into the file dialog. To clarify, my goal is to have an experience like in Windows: press Ctrl + D (CMD + L) and Ctrl + C.

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• Various problems with software raid1 array built with Samsung 840 Pro SSDs

  - by Andy B

  I am bringing to ServerFault a problem that is tormenting me for 6+ months. I have a CentOS 6 (64bit) server with an md software raid-1 array with 2 x Samsung 840 Pro SSDs (512GB). Problems: Serious write speed problems: root [~]# time dd if=arch.tar.gz of=test4 bs=2M oflag=sync 146+1 records in 146+1 records out 307191761 bytes (307 MB) copied, 23.6788 s, 13.0 MB/s real 0m23.680s user 0m0.000s sys 0m0.932s When doing the above (or any other larger copy) the load spikes to unbelievable values (even over 100) going up from ~ 1. When doing the above I've also noticed very weird iostat results: Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 0.00 1589.50 0.00 54.00 0.00 13148.00 243.48 0.60 11.17 0.46 2.50 sdb 0.00 1627.50 0.00 16.50 0.00 9524.00 577.21 144.25 1439.33 60.61 100.00 md1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md2 0.00 0.00 0.00 1602.00 0.00 12816.00 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 And it keeps it this way until it actually writes the file to the device (out from swap/cache/memory). The problem is that the second SSD in the array has svctm and await roughly 100 times larger than the second. For some reason the wear is different between the 2 members of the array root [~]# smartctl --attributes /dev/sda | grep -i wear 177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 094% 094 000 Pre-fail Always - 180 root [~]# smartctl --attributes /dev/sdb | grep -i wear 177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 070% 070 000 Pre-fail Always - 1005 The first SSD has a wear of 6% while the second SSD has a wear of 30%!! It's like the second SSD in the array works at least 5 times as hard as the first one as proven by the first iteration of iostat (the averages since reboot): Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 10.44 51.06 790.39 125.41 8803.98 1633.11 11.40 0.33 0.37 0.06 5.64 sdb 9.53 58.35 322.37 118.11 4835.59 1633.11 14.69 0.33 0.76 0.29 12.97 md1 0.00 0.00 1.88 1.33 15.07 10.68 8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md2 0.00 0.00 1109.02 173.12 10881.59 1620.39 9.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 md0 0.00 0.00 0.41 0.01 3.10 0.02 7.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 What I've tried: I've updated the firmware to DXM05B0Q (following reports of dramatic improvements for 840Ps after this update). I have looked for "hard resetting link" in dmesg to check for cable/backplane issues but nothing. I have checked the alignment and I believe they are aligned correctly (1MB boundary, listing below) I have checked /proc/mdstat and the array is Optimal (second listing below). root [~]# fdisk -ul /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 512.1 GB, 512110190592 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 62260 cylinders, total 1000215216 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00026d59 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 4196351 2097152 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 * 4196352 4605951 204800 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 4605952 814106623 404750336 fd Linux raid autodetect root [~]# fdisk -ul /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 512.1 GB, 512110190592 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 62260 cylinders, total 1000215216 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0003dede Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 4196351 2097152 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sdb2 * 4196352 4605951 204800 fd Linux raid autodetect Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sdb3 4605952 814106623 404750336 fd Linux raid autodetect /proc/mdstat root # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [raid1] md0 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[0] 204736 blocks super 1.0 [2/2] [UU] md2 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[0] 404750144 blocks super 1.0 [2/2] [UU] md1 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[0] 2096064 blocks super 1.1 [2/2] [UU] unused devices: Running a read test with hdparm root [~]# hdparm -t /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing buffered disk reads: 664 MB in 3.00 seconds = 221.33 MB/sec root [~]# hdparm -t /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing buffered disk reads: 288 MB in 3.01 seconds = 95.77 MB/sec But look what happens if I add --direct root [~]# hdparm --direct -t /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 788 MB in 3.01 seconds = 262.08 MB/sec root [~]# hdparm --direct -t /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 534 MB in 3.02 seconds = 176.90 MB/sec Both tests increase but /dev/sdb doubles while /dev/sda increases maybe 20%. I just don't know what to make of this. As suggested by Mr. Wagner I've done another read test with dd this time and it confirms the hdparm test: root [/home2]# dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/null bs=1G count=10 10+0 records in 10+0 records out 10737418240 bytes (11 GB) copied, 38.0855 s, 282 MB/s root [/home2]# dd if=/dev/sdb of=/dev/null bs=1G count=10 10+0 records in 10+0 records out 10737418240 bytes (11 GB) copied, 115.24 s, 93.2 MB/s So sda is 3 times faster than sdb. Or maybe sdb is doing also something else besides what sda does. Is there some way to find out if sdb is doing more than what sda does? UPDATE Again, as suggested by Mr. Wagner, I have swapped the 2 SSDs. And as he thought it would happen, the problem moved from sdb to sda. So I guess I'll RMA one of the SSDs. I wonder if the cage might be problematic. What is wrong with this array? Please help!

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