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• High CPU from httpd process

  - by KHWeb

  I am currently getting high CPU on a server that is just running a couple of sites with very low traffic. One of the sites is in still development going live soon. However, this site is very very slow...When browsing through its pages I can see that the CPU goes from 30% to 100% for httpd (see top output below). I have tuned httpd & MySQL, Apache Solr, Tomcat for high performance, and I am using APC. Not sure what to do from here or how to find the culprit as I have a bunch of messages on the httpd log and have been chasing dead ends for some time...any help is greatly appreciated. Server: AuthenticAMD, Quad-Core AMD Opteron(tm) Processor 2352, RAM 16GB Linux 2.6.27 64-bit, Centos 5.5 Plesk 9.5.4, MySQL 5.1.48, PHP 5.2.17 Apache/2.2.3 (CentOS) DAV/2 mod_jk/1.2.15 mod_ssl/2.2.3 OpenSSL/0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 PHP/5.2.17 mod_perl/2.0.4 Perl/v5.8.8 Tomcat6-6.0.29-1.jpp5, Tomcat-native-1.1.20-1.el5, Apache Solr top 17595 apache 20 0 1825m 507m 10m R 100.4 3.2 0:17.50 httpd 17596 apache 20 0 1565m 247m 9936 R 83.1 1.5 0:10.86 httpd 17598 apache 20 0 1430m 110m 6472 S 54.5 0.7 0:08.66 httpd 17599 apache 20 0 1438m 124m 12m S 37.2 0.8 0:11.20 httpd 16197 mysql 20 0 13.0g 2.0g 5440 S 9.6 12.6 297:12.79 mysqld 17617 root 20 0 12748 1172 812 R 0.7 0.0 0:00.88 top 8169 tomcat 20 0 4613m 268m 6056 S 0.3 1.7 6:40.56 java httpd error_log [debug] prefork.c(991): AcceptMutex: sysvsem (default: sysvsem) [info] mod_fcgid: Process manager 17593 started [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 17594 for worker proxy:reverse [debug] proxy_util.c(1967): proxy: initialized single connection worker 0 in child 17594 for (*) [debug] proxy_util.c(1854): proxy: grabbed scoreboard slot 0 in child 17595 for worker proxy:reverse [debug] proxy_util.c(1873): proxy: worker proxy:reverse already initialized [notice] child pid 22782 exit signal Segmentation fault (11) [error] (43)Identifier removed: apr_global_mutex_lock(jk_log_lock) failed [debug] util_ldap.c(2021): LDAP merging Shared Cache conf: shm=0x7fd29a5478c0 rmm=0x7fd29a547918 for VHOST: example.com [info] APR LDAP: Built with OpenLDAP LDAP SDK [info] LDAP: SSL support available [info] Init: Seeding PRNG with 256 bytes of entropy [info] Init: Generating temporary RSA private keys (512/1024 bits) [info] Init: Generating temporary DH parameters (512/1024 bits) [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(374): shmcb_init allocated 512000 bytes of shared memory [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(554): entered shmcb_init_memory() [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(576): for 512000 bytes, recommending 4265 indexes [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(619): shmcb_init_memory choices follow [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(621): division_mask = 0x1F [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(623): division_offset = 96 [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(625): division_size = 15997 [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(627): queue_size = 2136 [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(629): index_num = 133 [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(631): index_offset = 8 [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(633): index_size = 16 [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(635): cache_data_offset = 8 [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(637): cache_data_size = 13853 [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(650): leaving shmcb_init_memory()

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• Confusion on networking service start/stop in Ubuntu

  - by Daniel Ball

  I'm preparing to move and took down two of my servers, leaving only one with some essential services running. What I neglected to consider was that one was the DHCP server(which I realized when somebody contacted me saying they couldn't connect. Whups). So because I only have a few hosts on this small network, I opted to just statically configure them for now. One of these is a new Ubuntu 11.04 server, where I have very little experience. I edited /etc/network/interfaces and /etc/hosts to reflect my changes. I ran $sudo /etc/init.d/networking stop *deconfiguring network interfaces ... So yay. Then I try to start, it gives me the mumbo jumbo about using services (why didn't it do that for the stop?) So instead I run ... $sudo service networking start networking stop/waiting Now, to me that says the status of the service is stopped. But when I ping another computer, I get a successful reply. So is it not actually stopped? More importantly, am I doing something wrong? Edit daniel@FOOBAR:~$ sudo service networking status networking stop/waiting daniel@FOOBAR:~$ sudo service networking stop stop: Unknown instance: daniel@FOOBAR:~$ sudo service networking status networking stop/waiting daniel@FOOBAR:~$ sudo service networking start networking stop/waiting daniel@FOOBAR:~$ sudo service networking status networking stop/waiting So you can see why I ran /etc/init.d/networking stop instead. For some reason upstart (that is what "services" is, right?) isn't working with stop. cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.1.1 FOOBAR 198.3.9.2 FOOBAR #Added entry July 19 2011 # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts ::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback fe00::0 ip6-localnet ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ff02::2 ip6-allrouters cat /etc/network/interfaces # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface #auto eth0 #iface eth0 inet dhcp # hostname FOOBAR auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 198.3.9.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 198.3.9.0 broadcast 198.3.9.255 gateway 198.3.9.15 No I didn't save backups, it was just a minor change so I just commented out the old DHCP setting. Edit I set everything back to original settings and set up a DHCP server. "starting" networking does the same thing. I can only assume this is normal, I just don't know WHY. It can't be anything to do with the configuration files, since they've been restored.

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• Cannot exclude a path from basic auth when using a front controller script

  - by Adam Monsen

  I have a small PHP/Apache2 web application wherein I'd like to do two seemingly incompatible operations: Route all requests through a single PHP script (a "front controller", if you will) Secure everything except API calls with HTTP basic authentication I can satisfy either requirement just fine in isolation, it's when I try to do both at once that I am blocked. For no good reason I'm trying to accomplish these requirements solely with Apache configuration. Here are the requirements stated as an example. A GET request for this URL: http://basic/api/listcars?max=10 should be sent through front.php without requiring basic auth. front.php will get /api/listcars?max=10 and do whatever it needs to with that. Here's what I think should work. In my /etc/hosts I added 127.0.0.1 basic and I am using this Apache config: <Location /> AuthType Basic AuthName "Home Secure" AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/passwords require valid-user </Location> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName basic DocumentRoot /var/www/basic <Directory /var/www/basic> <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /front.php/$1 [QSA,L] </IfModule> </Directory> <Location /api> Order deny,allow Allow from all Satisfy any </Location> </VirtualHost> But I still always get a HTTP 401: Authorization Required response. I can make it work by changing <Location /api> into <Location ~ /api> but this allows more than I want to past basic auth. I also tried changing the <Directory /var/www/basic> section into <Location />, but this doesn't work either (and it results in some strange values for PATH_TRANSLATED being passed to the script). I searched around and found many examples of selective exclusion of basic auth, but none that also incorporated a front controller. I could certainly do something like handle basic auth in the front controller, but if I can have Apache do that instead I'll be able to keep all authentication logic out of my PHP code. A friend suggested splitting this into two vhosts, which I know also works. This used to be two separate vhosts, actually. I'm using Apache 2.2.22 / PHP 5.3.10 on Ubuntu 12.04.

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• Import/rip/convert DVD to Adobe Premiere Pro for Mac

  - by alexyu2010

  For those who want to edit their videos, Adobe Premiere Pro will inevitably a good choice, it is a professional, real time, timeline based video editing software application that supports many video editing cards and plug-ins for accelerated processing, additional file format support and video/audio effects. Although Adobe Premiere Pro is said to be for professionals, is not so complicated that a hobbyist can't excel at using it in an hour or so. General file formats supported by Adobe Premiere Pro Up to now, Adobe Creative Suite has released several versions of Adobe Premiere Pro, including Adobe Premiere 1.0, Adobe Premiere 2.0, Adobe Premiere Pro CS3, Adobe Premiere Pro CS4 and the newly published Adobe Premiere Pro CS5. Although I saw diversity in file formats they support, I did find some common file formats supported by all of them, such as AVI, MOV, MPG. Importing DVD, Adobe Premiere Pro says "NO" It is obvious to all of us that Adobe Premiere Pro will never give DVD a hug, and it isn't rare to see that many people are really confused when they want to import their DVDs to Adobe Premiere Pro for editing. What to do? Yes, you may have noticed that, there is only a way out, that is ripping your DVDs to some formats workable with Adobe Premiere Pro natively, and this is what DVD to Adobe Premiere Pro can do. Importing DVD to Adobe Premiere Pro on Mac DVD to Adobe Premiere Pro converter for Mac is the specially designed application for ripping/converting DVD movies, DVD VOB files or DVD clips to Adobe Premiere Pro compatible AVI, MOV, MPG files with either DVD ripping tool and video converting tool within the versatile DVD to Adobe Premiere Pro converter who is a powerful program for dealing with DVD and videos perfectly. Mac DVD to Adobe Premiere Pro converter can work with a wide variety of files including DVD, VOB, AVI, WMV, MPG, MOV, MP4, DV, FLV, MKV, ASF, SWF, HD video for using with other editing tools like iMovie, FCP etc, play on QuickTime, iTunes, put on portable devices like iPod, iPhone, iPad, iRiver, BlackBerry, Gphone, Mobile Phone or upload to webistes such as YouTube, MySpace. DVD to Adobe Premiere Pro converter for Mac can also help you do some basic editing. You can trim, crop your DVD movie or DVD clip, apply special effect to make it more artistic, merge several DVD clips to a single one or tweak the output parameters for video and audio separately to get a better quality rendering. Besides, to get a good common of the process the preview widnows is also available for you.

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• iis not listening on port 80

  - by user57467

  We have server 2003 and ISA 2004 with IIS 6 on same machnie. Everything worked well till yesterday, when we try to make some new rule in ISA..but this is a long story... Unfortunatelly something happend with our intranet site. Our site is on the port 80, but if we try to open on this client machines then we got and error page (which error page is our provider): 403-forbidden; Remote host not listening, the remote host is not prepared to acceppt the connection request. On the server i can open the site with port 80. If i change the port number in the iis and try to open the site with the port, then works well. I try to shut down IIS and start apache with a simple page. On the server works well but in clients the problem is the same, so i think this is not an IIS related problem. In the ISA we have a web pub rule, with port 80, no auth. Im pulling out my hair, please help. after uninstall and reinstall ISA, de sites work well, till i configure the upstream proxy in the conf/network/web chaining menu and then everything went same... So something wrong with the web-proxy / upstream function... (all my http request forward to my upstream proxy). That was the set long time ago...but a few day ago somehing went wrong... I think maybee our ISP spoiled something..tomorrow i try to figure out... But one more thing: I make a new rule before the default rule in the conf/network/web chaining menu. Every request go to the server not redirected.. Redirect to upstream server.... So if the request goes to our server (our site) then handled locally, and if not then go to upstream proxy and voilllaaa....i tougth... But unfortunatelly: our website work well, but internet work extreamly slowly..:( Maybee with single adapter i can made this? I have to handle all request locally or i have to send all to upstream? I cant filter it?

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• Ubuntu - Ruby Daemon script creates two processes - sh and ruby - PID file points at sh, not ruby

  - by Jonathan Scoles

  The PID file for a ruby process I have running as a daemon is getting the wrong PID. It appears that running /etc/init.d/sinatra start creates two processes - sh and ruby, and the PID that ends up in the PID file is that of the sh process. This means that when I then run /etc/init.d/sinatra stop or /etc/init.d/sinatra restart, it is killing sh and leaving the ruby process still running. I'd like to know a) why is my script launching two processes - sh and ruby, and not just ruby, and b) how do I fix it to just launch ruby? Details of the setup: I have a small Sinatra server set up on an ubuntu server, running as a daemon. It is set to automatically at server startup run a script named sinatra in /etc/init.d that launches the a control script control.rb, which then runs a ruby daemon command to start the server. The script is run under the 'sinatrauser' account, which has permissions for the directories the script needs. contents of /etc/init.d/sinatra #!/bin/bash # sinatra Startup script for Sinatra server. sudo -u sinatrauser ruby /var/www/sinatra/control.rb $1 RETVAL=$? exit $RETVAL To install this script, I simply copied it to /etc/init.d/ and ran sudo update-rc.d sinatra defaults contents of /var/www/sinatra/control.rb require 'rubygems' require 'daemons' pwd = Dir.pwd Daemons.run_proc('sinatraserver.rb', {:dir_mode => :normal, :dir => "/opt/pids/sinatra"}) do Dir.chdir(pwd) exec 'ruby /var/www/sinatra/sintraserver.rb >> /var/log/sinatra/sinatraOutput.log 2>&1' end portion of output from ps -A 6967 ? 00:00:00 apache2 10181 ? 00:00:00 sh <--- PID file gets this PID 10182 ? 00:00:02 ruby <--- Actual ruby process running Sinatra 12172 ? 00:00:00 sshd The PID file gets created in /opt/pids/sinatra/sinatraserver.rb.pid, and always contains the PID of the sh instance, which is always one less than the PID of the ruby process EDIT: I tried micke's solution, but it had no effect on the behavior I am seeing. This is the output from ps -A f. This output looks the same whether I use sudo -u sinatrauser ... or su sinatrauser -c ... in the service start script in /etc/init.d. 1146 ? S 0:00 sh -c ruby /var/www/sinatra/sinatraserver.rb >> /var/log/sinatra/sinatraOutput.log 2>&1 1147 ? S 0:00 \_ ruby /var/www/sinatra/sinatraserver.rb

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• Apache taking up too much CPU

  - by andrewtweber

  I'm trying to manage a server on Amazon for a network of sites that receives about 100 million pageviews per month. Unfortunately, nobody out of my team of 5 developers has much server admin experience. Right now we have the MaxClients set to 1400. Currently our traffic is about average, and we have 1150 total Apache processes running, which use about 2% CPU each! Out of those 1150, 800 of them are currently sleeping, but still taking up CPU. I'm sure there are ways to optimize this. I have a few thoughts: It appears Apache is creating a new process for every single connection. Is this normal? Is there a way to more quickly kill the sleeping processes? Should we turn KeepAlive on? Each page loads about 15-20 medium-sized graphics and a lot of javascript/css. So, here's our Apache setup. We do plan on contracting a server admin asap, but I would really appreciate some advice until we can find someone. Timeout 25 KeepAlive Off MaxKeepAliveRequests 200 KeepAliveTimeout 5 <IfModule prefork.c> StartServers 100 MinSpareServers 20 MaxSpareServers 50 ServerLimit 1400 MaxClients 1400 MaxRequestsPerChild 5000 </IfModule> <IfModule worker.c> StartServers 4 MaxClients 400 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> Full top output: top - 23:44:36 up 1 day, 6:43, 4 users, load average: 379.14, 379.17, 377.22 Tasks: 1153 total, 379 running, 774 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 71.9%us, 26.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 1.9%si, 0.0%st Mem: 70343000k total, 23768448k used, 46574552k free, 527376k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 10054596k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1756 mysql 20 0 10.2g 1.8g 5256 S 19.8 2.7 904:41.13 mysqld 21515 apache 20 0 396m 18m 4512 R 2.1 0.0 0:34.42 httpd 21524 apache 20 0 396m 18m 4032 R 2.1 0.0 0:32.63 httpd 21544 apache 20 0 394m 16m 4084 R 2.1 0.0 0:36.38 httpd 21643 apache 20 0 396m 18m 4360 R 2.1 0.0 0:34.20 httpd 21817 apache 20 0 396m 17m 4064 R 2.1 0.0 0:38.22 httpd 22134 apache 20 0 395m 17m 4584 R 2.1 0.0 0:35.62 httpd 22211 apache 20 0 397m 18m 4104 R 2.1 0.0 0:29.91 httpd 22267 apache 20 0 396m 18m 4636 R 2.1 0.0 0:35.29 httpd 22334 apache 20 0 397m 18m 4096 R 2.1 0.0 0:34.86 httpd 22549 apache 20 0 395m 17m 4056 R 2.1 0.0 0:31.01 httpd 22612 apache 20 0 397m 19m 4152 R 2.1 0.0 0:34.34 httpd 22721 apache 20 0 396m 18m 4060 R 2.1 0.0 0:32.76 httpd 22932 apache 20 0 396m 17m 4020 R 2.1 0.0 0:37.34 httpd 22933 apache 20 0 396m 18m 4060 R 2.1 0.0 0:34.77 httpd 22949 apache 20 0 396m 18m 4060 R 2.1 0.0 0:34.61 httpd 22956 apache 20 0 402m 24m 4072 R 2.1 0.0 0:41.45 httpd

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• uploading via http post (multipart/form-data) silently fails with big files

  - by matteo

  When uploading multipart/form-data forms via a http post request to my apache web server, very big files (i.e. 30MB) are silently discarded. On the server side all looks as if the attached file was received with 0 bytes size. On the client side all looks like it had been uploaded succesfully (it takes the expected long time to upload and the browser gives no error message). On the server, nothing is logged into the error log. An entry is logged into the access log as if everything was ok (a post request and a 200 ok response). These uploads are being posted to a php script. In the php script, If I print_r $_FILES, I see the following information for the relevant file: [file5] => Array ( [name] => MOV023.3gp [type] => video/3gpp [tmp_name] => /tmp/phpgOdvYQ [error] => 0 [size] => 0 ) Note both [error] = 0 (which should mean no error) and [size] = 0 (as if the file was empty). My php script runs fine and receives all the rest of the data except these files. move_uploaded_file succeeds on these files and actually copies them as 0byte files. I've already changed the php directives max_upload_size to 50M and post_max_size to 200M, so neither the single file nor the request exceed any size limit. max_execution_time is not relevant, because the time to transfer the data does not count; and I've increased max_input_time to 1000 seconds, though this shouldn't be necessary since this is the time taken to parse the input data, not the time taken to upload it. Is there any apache configuration, prior to php, that could be causing these files to be discarded even prior to php execution? Some limit in size or in upload time? I've read about a default 300 seconds timeout limit, but this should apply to the time the connection is idle, not the time it takes while actually transferring data, right? Needless to say, uploads with all exactly identical conditions (including file format, client and everything) except smaller file size, work seamlessly, so the issue is clearly related to the file or request size, or to the time it takes to send it.

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• Automating the choice between JPEG and PNG with a script

  - by MHC

  Choosing the right format to save your images in is crucial for preserving image quality and reducing artifacts. Different formats follow different compression methods and come with their own set of advantages and disadvantages. JPG, for instance is suited for real life photographs that are rich in color gradients. The lossless PNG, on the other hand, is far superior when it comes to schematic figures: Picking the right format can be a chore when working with a large number of files. That's why I would love to find a way to automate it. A little bit of background on my particular use case: I am working on a number of handouts for a series of lectures at my unversity. The handouts are rich in figures, which I have to extract from PDF-formatted slides. Extracting these images gives me lossless PNGs, which are needlessly large at times. Converting these particular files to JPEG can reduce their size to up to less than 20% of their original file size, while maintaining the same quality. This is important as working with hundreds of large images in word processors is pretty crash-prone. Batch converting all extracted PNGs to JPEGs is not an option I am willing to follow, as many if not most images are better suited to be formatted as PNGs. Converting these would result in insignificant size reductions and sometimes even increases in filesize - that's at least what my test runs showed. What we can take from this is that file size after compression can serve as an indicator on what format is suited best for a particular image. It's not a particularly accurate predictor, but works well enough. So why not use it in form of a script: I included inotifywait because I would prefer for the script be executed automatically as soon as I drag an extracted image into a folder. This is a simpler version of the script that I've been using for the last couple of weeks: #!/bin/bash inotifywait -m --format "%w%f" --exclude '.jpg' -r -e create -e moved_to --fromfile '/home/MHC/.scripts/Workflow/Conversion/include_inotifywait' | while read file; do mogrify -format jpg -quality 92 "$file" done The advanced version of the script would have to be able to handle spaces in file names and directory names preserve the original file names flatten PNG images if an alpha value is set compare the file size between the temporary converted image and its original determine if the difference is greater than a given precentage act accordingly The actual conversion could be done with imagemagick tools: convert -quality 92 -flatten -background white file.png file.jpg Unfortunately, my bash skills aren't even close to advanced enough to convert the scheme above into an actual script, but I am sure many of you can. My reputation points on here are pretty low, but I will gladly award the most helpful answer with the highest bounty I can set. References: http://www.formortals.com/introducing-cnb-imageguide/, http://www.turnkeylinux.org/blog/png-vs-jpg Edit: Also see my comments below for some more information on why I think this script would be the best solution to the problem I am facing.

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• Apache : Illegal override option FileInfo

  - by Kave

  I have installed a new Ubuntu 12.04 Server and setup Apache and MySQL. I am just trying to replicate what I have in my current server and came across one single problem. - FileInfo Within these two files below: /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl /etc/apache2/sites-available/default I need to add some overrides for the apache server. Original: <Directory /var/www/MySite> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> New: <Directory /var/www/MySite> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride FileInfo, Indexes Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> I have installed the following mods for Apache: sudo apt-get install lamp-server^ -y sudo apt-get install apache2.2-common apache2-utils openssl openssl-blacklist openssl-blacklist-extra -y sudo apt-get install curl libcurl3 libcurl3-dev php5-curl -y sudo apt-get install php5-tidy -y sudo apt-get install php5-gd -y sudo apt-get install php-apc -y sudo apt-get install memcached -y sudo apt-get install php5-memcache -y sudo a2enmod ssl sudo a2enmod rewrite sudo a2enmod headers sudo a2enmod expires sudo a2enmod php5 So When I do a restart with AllowOverride None, its all ok. sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart * Restarting web server apache2 ... waiting [OK] But as soon as I change the AllowOverride to FileInfo, Indexes Syntax error on line 11 of /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default: Illegal override option FileInfo, Action 'configtest' failed. The Apache error log may have more information. ...fail! I can't see anything unusual in the error.log [Wed Jun 06 08:23:51 2012] [notice] caught SIGTERM, shutting down [Wed Jun 06 08:23:52 2012] [warn] RSA server certificate CommonName (CN) `mySite.com' does NOT match server name!? [Wed Jun 06 08:23:52 2012] [warn] RSA server certificate CommonName (CN) `mySite.com' does NOT match server name!? [Wed Jun 06 08:23:52 2012] [notice] Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.3.10-1ubuntu3.1 with Suhosin-Patch mod_ssl/2.2.22 OpenSSL/1.0.1 configured -- resuming normal operations I get that warning because its a test server, nonetheless I get the same warning with AllowOverride None and yet it restarts the Apache server correctly. Therefore this warning should be harmless. Have I missed something? Thanks,

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• Communication software wanted: email, sms, IM, phone calls [closed]

  - by user63835

  I am searching for a software solution that integrates / unifies my communication. I use email, instant messaging, SMS and phone. I would like to get all emails, SMS, instant messaging dialogs and meta-data about phone calls into one application. Important is that I can access all past communication with one application. There should be a global address-book to map the communication data to persons or organizations. I want all the communication data in one place to access and backup it easily. The software solution is not required to be multi-user application or server application. It is just for one user (me) only, but server or multi-user applications are not excluded. I may run it on a server hardware. It should run on Linux (Lubuntu / Ubuntu prefered). Free and OpenSource software is prefered. It would be nice if I could perform new communication (like writing a new email, sms, etc.) with one application, but that is not a must have requirement. I could also work with different applications dedicated for different types of communication like IM-application for IM and email-application for email, if all that communication data from the specialized applications will be delivered to one single place where I can access and backup it. I have an android phone and currently I am using Google contacts as the address-book. In the long term this may change, to get back the control over my data. I did some Internet search but did not find a nice solution, yet. If I am looking for unified messaging and unified communication, am I on the right track? The current Thunderbird version has IM functionality integrated. Did not try it, yet. For SMS it may be possible to use an app to send every SMS (incoming and outgoing) as an email, but I am not sure if those SMS-emails can be mapped to an address-book contact. I don't remember exactly, but isn't there a Google android app (I think Google voice) integrating SMS into google services? But in Germany this function has not been released, yet. Maybe a groupware solution would solve the requirements, but I don't have much experience with it. As communication possibilites are groing, I am woundering that there seems to be such a big gap of solutions. I can't believe I am the only one who would like solution, better integrating all the communication channels more easily. If you know a software solution that solves these requirements (partly) I would be glad if you tell me about it. Thanks in advance.

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• Can't install new database in OpenLDAP 2.4 with BDB on Debian

  - by Timothy High

  I'm trying to install an openldap server (slapd) on a Debian EC2 instance. I have followed all the instructions I can find, and am using the recommended slapd-config approach to configuration. It all seems to be just fine, except that for some reason it can't create my new database. ldap.conf.bak (renamed to ensure it's not being used): ########## # Basics # ########## include /etc/ldap/schema/core.schema include /etc/ldap/schema/cosine.schema include /etc/ldap/schema/nis.schema include /etc/ldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema pidfile /var/run/slapd/slapd.pid argsfile /var/run/slapd/slapd.args loglevel none modulepath /usr/lib/ldap # modulepath /usr/local/libexec/openldap moduleload back_bdb.la database config #rootdn "cn=admin,cn=config" rootpw secret database bdb suffix "dc=example,dc=com" rootdn "cn=manager,dc=example,dc=com" rootpw secret directory /usr/local/var/openldap-data ######## # ACLs # ######## access to attrs=userPassword by anonymous auth by self write by * none access to * by self write by * none When I run slaptest on it, it complains that it couldn't find the id2entry.bdb file: root@server:/etc/ldap# slaptest -f ldap.conf.bak -F slapd.d bdb_db_open: database "dc=example,dc=com": db_open(/usr/local/var/openldap-data/id2entry.bdb) failed: No such file or directory (2). backend_startup_one (type=bdb, suffix="dc=example,dc=com"): bi_db_open failed! (2) slap_startup failed (test would succeed using the -u switch) Using the -u switch it works, of course. But that merely creates the configuration. It doesn't resolve the underlying problem: root@server:/etc/ldap# slaptest -f ldap.conf.bak -F slapd.d -u config file testing succeeded Looking in the database directory, the basic files are there (with right ownership, after a manual chown), but the dbd file wasn't created: root@server:/etc/ldap# ls -al /usr/local/var/openldap-data total 4328 drwxr-sr-x 2 openldap openldap 4096 Mar 1 15:23 . drwxr-sr-x 4 root staff 4096 Mar 1 13:50 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 openldap openldap 3080 Mar 1 14:35 DB_CONFIG -rw------- 1 openldap openldap 24576 Mar 1 15:23 __db.001 -rw------- 1 openldap openldap 843776 Mar 1 15:23 __db.002 -rw------- 1 openldap openldap 2629632 Mar 1 15:23 __db.003 -rw------- 1 openldap openldap 655360 Mar 1 14:35 __db.004 -rw------- 1 openldap openldap 4431872 Mar 1 15:23 __db.005 -rw------- 1 openldap openldap 32768 Mar 1 15:23 __db.006 -rw-r--r-- 1 openldap openldap 2048 Mar 1 15:23 alock (note that, because I'm doing this as root, I had to also change ownership of some of the files created by slaptest) Finally, I can start the slapd service, but it dies in the attempt (text from syslog): Mar 1 15:06:23 server slapd[21160]: @(#) $OpenLDAP: slapd 2.4.23 (Jun 15 2011 13:31:57) $#012#011@incagijs:/home/thijs/debian/p-u/openldap-2.4.23/debian/build/servers/slapd Mar 1 15:06:23 server slapd[21160]: config error processing olcDatabase={1}bdb,cn=config: Mar 1 15:06:23 server slapd[21160]: slapd stopped. Mar 1 15:06:23 server slapd[21160]: connections_destroy: nothing to destroy. I manually checked the olcDatabase={1}bdb file, and it looks fine to my amateur eye. All my specific configs are there. Unfortunately, syslog isn't reporting a specific error in this case (if it were a file permission error, it would say). I've tried uninstalling and reinstalling slapd, changing permissions, Googling my wits out, but I'm tapped out. Any OpenLDAP genius out there would be greatly appreciated!

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• Pros/Cons of switching from Exchange to GMail

  - by Brent

  We are a medium-large non-profit company, with around 1000 staff and volunteers, and have been using MS Exchange (currently 2003) for our mail system for years. I recently attended a Google conference where they were positing that "Cloud computing is the way of the future", and encouraging us to switch from doing our own email with Exchange, to using GMail and Google Apps for everything. Additionally, one of our departments has been pushing from inside to do this transition within their own department, if not throughout the entire organization. I can definitely see some benefits - such as: Archive space - we never seem to have the space our users want, and of course, the more we get, the more we have to back up OS Agnostic - Exchange is definitely built for windows, and with mac and linux users on the rise, these users increasingly demand better tools / support. Google offers this. Better archiving - potential of e-discovery, that doesn't exist in a practical way with our current setup. Switching would relieve us of a fair bit of server administration, give more options to our end users, and free up the server resources we are now using for Exchange. Our IT department wants to be perceived as providing up-to-date solutions to technical problems, and this change would definitely provide such an image. Google's infrastructure is obviously much more robust than ours, and they employ some of the world's best security and network experts. However, there are also some serious drawbacks: We would be essentially outsourcing one of our mission-critical systems to a 3rd party The switch would inevitably involve Google Apps and perhaps more as well. That means we would have a-lot more at the mercy of a single (potentially weak) password. (is there a way to make this more secure using a password plus physical key of some sort??) Our data would not remain under our roof - or even in our country (Canada). This obviously has plusses on the Disaster Recovery side, but I think there are potential negatives on the legal side. I can't imagine that somebody as large as Google would be as responsive as we would want with regard to non-critical issues such as tracing missing emails, etc. (not sure how much access we would have to basic mail logs - for instance) Can anyone help me evaluate this decision? What issues am I overlooking? What experiences have you had with this transition (or the opposite - gmail to Exchange) Can you add to the points I have already outlined?

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• TPROXY Not working with HAProxy, Ubuntu 14.04

  - by Nyxynyx

  I'm trying to use HAProxy as a fully transparent proxy using TPROXY in Ubuntu 14.04. HAProxy will be setup on the first server with eth1 111.111.250.250 and eth0 10.111.128.134. The single balanced server has eth1 and eth0 as well. eth1 is the public facing network interface while eth0 is for the private network which both servers are in. Problem: I'm able to connect to the balanced server's port 1234 directly (via eth1) but am not able to reach the balanced server via Haproxy port 1234 (which redirects to 1234 via eth0). Am I missing out something in this configuration? On the HAProxy server The current kernel is: Linux extremehash-lb2 3.13.0-24-generic #46-Ubuntu SMP Thu Apr 10 19:11:08 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux The kernel appears to have TPROXY support: # grep TPROXY /boot/config-3.13.0-24-generic CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_TPROXY=m HAProxy was compiled with TPROXY support: haproxy -vv HA-Proxy version 1.5.3 2014/07/25 Copyright 2000-2014 Willy Tarreau <[email protected]> Build options : TARGET = linux26 CPU = x86_64 CC = gcc CFLAGS = -g -fno-strict-aliasing OPTIONS = USE_LINUX_TPROXY=1 USE_LIBCRYPT=1 USE_STATIC_PCRE=1 Default settings : maxconn = 2000, bufsize = 16384, maxrewrite = 8192, maxpollevents = 200 Encrypted password support via crypt(3): yes Built without zlib support (USE_ZLIB not set) Compression algorithms supported : identity Built without OpenSSL support (USE_OPENSSL not set) Built with PCRE version : 8.31 2012-07-06 PCRE library supports JIT : no (USE_PCRE_JIT not set) Built with transparent proxy support using: IP_TRANSPARENT IPV6_TRANSPARENT IP_FREEBIND Available polling systems : epoll : pref=300, test result OK poll : pref=200, test result OK select : pref=150, test result OK Total: 3 (3 usable), will use epoll. In /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg, I've configured a port to have the following options: listen test1235 :1234 mode tcp option tcplog balance leastconn source 0.0.0.0 usesrc clientip server balanced1 10.111.163.76:1234 check inter 5s rise 2 fall 4 weight 4 On the balanced server In /etc/networking/interfaces I've set the gateway for eth0 to be the HAProxy box 10.111.128.134 and restarted networking. auto eth0 eth1 iface eth0 inet static address 111.111.250.250 netmask 255.255.224.0 gateway 111.131.224.1 dns-nameservers 8.8.4.4 8.8.8.8 209.244.0.3 iface eth1 inet static address 10.111.163.76 netmask 255.255.0.0 gateway 10.111.128.134 ip route gives: default via 111.111.224.1 dev eth0 10.111.0.0/16 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 10.111.163.76 111.111.224.0/19 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 111.111.250.250

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• Connectivity issues with dual NIC machine in EC2

  - by Matt Sieker

  I'm trying to get some servers set up in EC2 in a Virtual Private Cloud. To do this, I have two subnets: 10.0.42.0/24 - Public subnet 10.0.83.0/24 - Private subnet To bridge these two, I have a Funtoo instance with a pair of NICs: eth0 10.0.42.10 eth1 10.0.83.10 Which has the following routing table: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.0.83.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 10.0.83.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 203 0 0 eth1 10.0.42.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 202 0 0 eth0 loopback * 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo default 10.0.42.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 default 10.0.42.1 0.0.0.0 UG 202 0 0 eth0 An elastic IP is attached to the eth0 interface, and I can connect to it fine remotely. However, I cannot ping anything in the 10.0.83.0 subnet. For now iptables is not set up on the box, so there's no rules that would get in the way (Eventually this will be managed by Shorewall, but I should get basic connectivity done first) Subnet details from the VPC interface: CIDR: 10.0.83.0/24 Destination Target 10.0.0.0/16 local 0.0.0.0/0 [ID of eth1 on NAT box] Network ACL: Default Inbound: Rule # Port (Service) Protocol Source Allow/Deny 100 ALL ALL 0.0.0.0/0 ALLOW * ALL ALL 0.0.0.0/0 DENY Outbound: Rule # Port (Service) Protocol Destination Allow/Deny 100 ALL ALL 0.0.0.0/0 ALLOW * ALL ALL 0.0.0.0/0 DENY   CIDR: 10.0.83.0/24 VPC: Destination Target 10.0.0.0/16 local 0.0.0.0/0 [Internet Gateway ID] Network ACL: Default (replace) Inbound: Rule # Port (Service) Protocol Source Allow/Deny 100 ALL ALL 0.0.0.0/0 ALLOW * ALL ALL 0.0.0.0/0 DENY Outbound: Rule # Port (Service) Protocol Destination Allow/Deny 100 ALL ALL 0.0.0.0/0 ALLOW * ALL ALL 0.0.0.0/0 DENY I've been trying to work this out most of the evening, but I'm just stuck. I'm either missing something obvious, or am doing something very wrong. I would think I'd be able to ping from either interface on this box without issue. Hopefully some more pairs of eyes on this configuration will help. EDIT: I am an idiot. After I bothered to install nmap to run some more tests, I discover I can see the ports, and connect to them, pings are just being blocked.

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• Windows Question: RunOnce/Second Boot Issues

  - by Greg

  I am attempting to create a Windows XP SP3 image that will run my application on Second Boot. Here is the intended workflow. 1) Run Image Prep Utility (I wrote) on windows to add my runonce entries and clean a few things up. 2) Reboot to ghost, make image file. 3) Package into my ISO and distribute. 4) System will be imaged by user. 5) On first boot, I have about 5 things that run, one of which includes a driver updater (I wrote) for my own specific devices. 6) One of the entries inside of HKCU/../runonce is a reg file, which adds another key to HKLM/../runonce. This is how second boot is acquired. 7) As a result of the driver updater, user is prompted to reboot. 8) My application is then launched from HKLM/../runonce on second boot. This workflow works perfectly, except for a select few legacy systems that contain devices that cause the add hardware wizard to pop up. When the add hardware wizard pops up is when I begin to see problems. It's important to note, that if I manually inspect the registry after the add hardware wizard pops up, it appears as I would expect, with all the first boot scripts having run, and it's sitting in a state I would correctly expect it to be in for a second boot scenario. The problem comes when I click next on the add hardware wizard, it seems to re-run the single entry I've added, and re-executes the runonce scripts. (only one script now as it's already executed and cleared out the initial entries). This causes my application to open as if it were a second boot, only when next is clicked on the add hardware wizard. If I click cancel, and reboot, then it also works as expected. I don't care as much about other solutions, because I could design a system that doesn't fully rely on Microsoft's registry. I simply can't find any information as to WHY this is happening. I believe this is some type of Microsoft issue that's presenting itself as a result of an overstretched image that's expected to support too many legacy platforms, but any help that can be provided would be appreciated. Thanks,

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• DNS problems with Google on Windows 7

  - by awishformore

  Hello dear superuser community. I had no idea where to post this because it is a problem that completely baffles me. I have a lot of experience with network configuration, but I am completely out of ideas on how to fix this. I have a Fritz!Box branded router on my ISP 1&1 in Germany. My computer is connected to it with a normal Ethernet cable. I always manually set my IP on the computer and use the Google DNS servers for name resolution. I also tried OpenDNS and the result is the same. With that configuration the following happens: Google search responds with big delay Gmail, Google Calendar & Google Drive requests time out the majority of the time In order to troubleshoot, I set the network connection to DHCP for both IP & DNS. At that point, what happens is the following: Google search times out most of the time Gmail, Google Calendar & Google Drive work most of the time Sometimes, it happens that the sites that time out will come up, but weirdly enough, the pictures on the buttons will be missing. For instance, the magnifying glass on Google will be gone or the circle arrow on Gmail (but all buttons of course). All other websites load just fine - and very quickly. All other network functionality is completely unimpacted. The behaviour of fixed IP & Google DNS vs automatic IP & DNS is easily reproducible. I am going crazy trying to fix this as I have no idea what the hell is going on at this point. Here a list of the things I have tried thus far: Flushed the DNS Tried on different browsers (Works fine on my laptop by the way) Tried disabling Teredo & IPv6 stack Emptied all caches Checked the HOSTS file Rebooted the router Reset the router Reinstalled the network adapter Tracert displayes normal route until timing out at one point Ping usually doesn't work for the unreachable sites either Ran both complete Norton 360 & Kaspersky 2012 scan Ran Kaspersky Virus Removal Tool in safe mode Tried connection in safe mode & networking enabled If you have any ideas, please let me know. I'm getting desperate...

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• Automatically Applying Security Updates for AWS Elastic Beanstalk

  - by Eric Anderson

  I've been a fan of Heroku since it's earliest days. But I like the fact that AWS Elastic Beanstalk gives you more control over the characteristics of the instances. One thing I love about Heroku is the fact that I can deploy an app and not worry about managing it. I am assuming Heroku is ensuring all OS security updates are timely applied. I just need to make sure my app is secure. My initial research on Beanstalk shows that although it builds and configures the instances for you, after that it moves to a more manual management process. Security updates won't automatically be applied to the instances. It seems there are two areas of concerns: New AMI releases - As new AMI releases hit it seems we would want to run the latest (presumably most secure). But my research seems to indicate you need to manually launch a new setup to see the latest AMI version and then create a new environment to use that new version. Is there a better automated way of rotating your instances into new AMI releases? In between releases there will be security updates released for packages. Seems we want to upgrade those as well. My research seems to indicate people install commands to occasionally run a yum update. But since new instances are created/destroyed based on usage it seems that the new instances would not always have the updates (i.e. the time between the instance creation and the first yum update). So occasionally you will have instances that aren't patched. And you are also going to have instances constantly patching themselves until the new AMI release is applied. My other concern is that perhaps these security updates haven't gone through Amazon's own review (like the AMI releases do) and it might break my app to automatically update them. I know Dreamhost once had a 12 hour outage because they were applying debian updates completely automatically without any review. I want to make sure the same thing doesn't happen to me. So my question is does Amazon provide a way to offer fully managed PaaS like Heroku? Or is AWS Elastic Beanstalk really more of just a install script and after that you are on your own (other than the monitoring and deployment tools they provide)?

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• Why is user asked to choose their workgroup?

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  We running Mac OS X Server 10.5.8 with Mac OS X 10.5.8 clients. Students use network logins to, well, log in. I've been asked to deny internet access to a specific user. I was told that a good way to do it is to create a user workgroup called "No Internet Access" and manage settings there. (Specifically, I told parental controls to allow access to no sites, and blacklisted all the installed web browsers). Now, when the user authenticates to log in, they are greeted with this dialog: Workgroups for <username> Grade 7 Students No Internet Access It is unlikely that the student would willing choose "No Internet Access" to be their base group. Looking in Workgroup Manager at the student's record, it shows their primary group ID is the grade 7 group, and "No Internet Access" is listed as another group they belong to. I looked at the managed preferences for all the computers pertaining to logins. They are set to their defaults. Specifically, the computer groups' preference for Logins - Access has the defaults: [unchecked] Ignore workgroup nesting [checked] Combine available workgroup settings Based on my reading of Tips and Tricks for Mac Administrators, this should be correct, the user should not be asked which group they belong to, and settings from all applicable groups should be applied. How can I achieve that result? Edit: I've decided to add some additional information from the Tips and Tricks for Mac Management White Paper (via Apple in Education, via the author's site). On page 21, it says: With Leopard MCX, workgroup preference settings are combined by default into a single set of values. This means that instead of having to choose between the Math, Science, or Language Arts workgroups when logging in, a user can just authenticate and be taken directly to the desktop. All the settings for each of those workgroups are composited together, providing you with all the Dock items and a composite of all the other settings. On page 40, an example is given in which settings are combined from different 'domains', one computer group, two (user) workgroups, and one individual user's settings. [When johnd logs into a leopard client,] the items staged in the Dock from left to right are: computer group, first workgroup alphabetically, second workgroup, user. Items within the workgroup are staged alphabetically. Nowhere is there an indication that groups are nested; indeed, I can see no sensible (non-flat) heirarchy for groups like Math, Science, and Language Arts. I strongly believe that there is a way to apply settings from two unrelated user workgroups such that a user of OS X 10.5.x or newer does not need to choose their workgroup. This is what I seek to achieve.

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• Need to increase nginx throughput to an upstream unix socket -- linux kernel tuning?

  - by Ben Lee

  I am running an nginx server that acts as a proxy to an upstream unix socket, like this: upstream app_server { server unix:/tmp/app.sock fail_timeout=0; } server { listen ###.###.###.###; server_name whatever.server; root /web/root; try_files $uri @app; location @app { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://app_server; } } Some app server processes, in turn, pull requests off /tmp/app.sock as they become available. The particular app server in use here is Unicorn, but I don't think that's relevant to this question. The issue is, it just seems that past a certain amount of load, nginx can't get requests through the socket at a fast enough rate. It doesn't matter how many app server processes I set up, it doesn't even matter what the app is (tried it with a dummy app with just a single endpoint that returned an empty page with status 404). The bottleneck seems to be the socket, not the app. I'm getting a flood of these messages in the nginx error log: connect() to unix:/tmp/app.sock failed (11: Resource temporarily unavailable) while connecting to upstream Many requests result in status code 502, and those that don't take a long time to complete. The nginx write queue stat hovers around 1000. Anyway, I feel like I'm missing something obvious here, because this particular configuration of nginx and app server is pretty common, especially with Unicorn (it's the recommended method in fact). Are there any linux kernel options that needs to be set, or something in nginx? Any ideas about how to increase the throughput to the upstream socket? Something that I'm clearly doing wrong? Additional information on the environment: $ uname -a Linux app1 3.2.0-24-generic #39-Ubuntu SMP Mon May 21 16:52:17 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux $ ruby -v ruby 1.9.3p194 (2012-04-20 revision 35410) [x86_64-linux] $ unicorn -v unicorn v4.3.1 $ nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.2.1 built by gcc 4.6.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5) TLS SNI support enabled Current kernel tweaks: net.core.rmem_default = 65536 net.core.wmem_default = 65536 net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 16777216 16777216 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1 net.ipv4.route.flush = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_no_metrics_save = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_moderate_rcvbuf = 1 net.core.somaxconn = 8192 net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max = 131072

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• Configuring OpenLDAP as a Active Directory Proxy

  - by vadensumbra

  We try to set up an Active Directory server for company-wide authentication. Some of the servers that should authenticate against the AD are placed in a DMZ, so we thought of using a LDAP-server as a proxy, so that only 1 server in the DMZ has to connect to the LAN where the AD-server is placed). With some googling it was no problem to configure the slapd (see slapd.conf below) and it seemed to work when using the ldapsearch tool, so we tried to use it in apache2 htaccess to authenticate the user over the LDAP-proxy. And here comes the problem: We found out the username in the AD is stored in the attribute 'sAMAccountName' so we configured it in .htaccess (see below) but the login didn't work. In the syslog we found out that the filter for the ldapsearch was not (like it should be) '(&(objectClass=*)(sAMAccountName=authtest01))' but '(&(objectClass=*)(?=undefined))' which we found out is slapd's way to show that the attribute do not exists or the value is syntactically wrong for this attribute. We thought of a missing schema and found the microsoft.schema (and the .std / .ext ones of it) and tried to include them in the slapd.conf. Which does not work. We found no working schemata so we just picked out the part about the sAMAccountName and build a microsoft.minimal.schema (see below) that we included. Now we get the more precise log in the syslog: Jun 16 13:32:04 breauthsrv01 slapd[21229]: get_ava: illegal value for attributeType sAMAccountName Jun 16 13:32:04 breauthsrv01 slapd[21229]: conn=0 op=1 SRCH base="ou=oraise,dc=int,dc=oraise,dc=de" scope=2 deref=3 filter="(&(objectClass=\*)(?sAMAccountName=authtest01))" Jun 16 13:32:04 breauthsrv01 slapd[21229]: conn=0 op=1 SRCH attr=sAMAccountName Jun 16 13:32:04 breauthsrv01 slapd[21229]: conn=0 op=1 SEARCH RESULT tag=101 err=0 nentries=0 text= Using our Apache htaccess directly with the AD via LDAP works though. Anyone got a working setup? Thanks for any help in advance: slapd.conf: allow bind_v2 include /etc/ldap/schema/core.schema ... include /etc/ldap/schema/microsoft.minimal.schema ... backend ldap database ldap suffix "ou=xxx,dc=int,dc=xxx,dc=de" uri "ldap://80.156.177.161:389" acl-bind bindmethod=simple binddn="CN=authtest01,ou=GPO-Test,ou=xxx,dc=int,dc=xxx,dc=de" credentials=xxxxx .htaccess: AuthBasicProvider ldap AuthType basic AuthName "AuthTest" AuthLDAPURL "ldap://breauthsrv01.xxx.de:389/OU=xxx,DC=int,DC=xxx,DC=de?sAMAccountName?sub" AuthzLDAPAuthoritative On AuthLDAPGroupAttribute member AuthLDAPBindDN CN=authtest02,OU=GPO-Test,OU=xxx,DC=int,DC=xxx,DC=de AuthLDAPBindPassword test123 Require valid-user microsoft.minimal.schema: attributetype ( 1.2.840.113556.1.4.221 NAME 'sAMAccountName' SYNTAX '1.3.6.1.4.1.1466.115.121.1.15' SINGLE-VALUE )

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• Determining the health of a Cisco switch port?

  - by ewwhite

  I've been chasing a packet-loss and network stability issue for a handful of end-users on an internal network for the past few days... These issues surfaced recently, however, the location was struck by lightning six weeks ago. I was seeing 5-10% packet loss between a stack of four Cisco 2960's and several PC's and phones on the other side of a 77-meter run. The PC's were run inline with the phones over a trunked link. We were seeing dropped calls and interruptions in client-server applications and Microsoft Exchange connectivity. I tried the usual troubleshooting steps remotely, having a local technician do the following during breaks in user and production activity: change cables between the wall jack and device. change patch cables between the patch panel and switch port(s). try different switch ports within the 2960 stack. change end-user devices with known-good equipment (new phones, different PC's). clear switch port interface counters and monitor incrementing errors closely. (Pastebin output of sh int) Pored over the device logs and Observium RRD graphs. No link up/down issues from the switch side. change power strips on the end-user side. test cable runs from the Cisco 2960 using test cable-diagnostics tdr int Gi4/0/9 (clean)* test cable runs with a Tripp-Lite cable tester. (clean) run diagnostics on the switch stack members. (clean) In the end, it took three changes of switch ports to find a stable solution. The only logical conclusion is that a few Cisco 2960 switch ports are bad or flaky... Not dead, but not consistent in behavior either. I'm not used to seeing individual ports die in this manner. What else can I test or check to determine if these devices are bad? Is it common for single ports to have problems, rather than a contiguous bank of ports? BTW - show cable-diagnostics tdr int Gi4/0/14 is very cool... Interface Speed Local pair Pair length Remote pair Pair status --------- ----- ---------- ------------------ ----------- -------------------- Gi4/0/14 1000M Pair A 79 +/- 0 meters Pair B Normal Pair B 75 +/- 0 meters Pair A Normal Pair C 77 +/- 0 meters Pair D Normal Pair D 79 +/- 0 meters Pair C Normal

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• Glassfish V3 won't start

  - by Zakaria

  Hi everybody, I installed NetBeans 6.8 and tried to run the GlasshFish V3 server. I'm working under Windows Vista 32 Bits. First, it won't run. Then I modified the c:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts file and put the following line into it: 127.0.0.1 localhost And when I run the GlasshFish V3 Server, no error is showing but only "INFOs" are displayed: 3 avr. 2010 19:23:19 com.sun.enterprise.glassfish.bootstrap.ASMain main INFO: Launching GlassFish on Felix platform Welcome to Felix ================ INFO: Perform lazy SSL initialization for the listener 'http-listener-2' INFO: Starting Grizzly Framework 1.9.18-k - Sat Apr 03 19:23:24 CEST 2010 INFO: Starting Grizzly Framework 1.9.18-k - Sat Apr 03 19:23:25 CEST 2010 INFO: Grizzly Framework 1.9.18-k started in: 423ms listening on port 35127 INFO: GlassFish v3 (74.2) startup time : Felix(4456ms) startup services(1709ms) total(6165ms) INFO: Grizzly Framework 1.9.18-k started in: 459ms listening on port 35116 INFO: Grizzly Framework 1.9.18-k started in: 428ms listening on port 35155 INFO: Grizzly Framework 1.9.18-k started in: 470ms listening on port 35160 INFO: Grizzly Framework 1.9.18-k started in: 513ms listening on port 35159 INFO: javassist.util.proxy.ProxyFactory.classLoaderProvider = org.glassfish.weld.WeldActivator$GlassFishClassLoaderProvider@5be8f4 INFO: Hibernate Validator bean-validator-3.0-JBoss-4.0.2 INFO: Binding RMI port to *:35165 INFO: Instantiated an instance of org.hibernate.validator.engine.resolver.JPATraversableResolver. INFO: JMXStartupService: Started JMXConnector, JMXService URL = service:jmx:rmi://PC-de-Charlotte:35165/jndi/rmi://PC-de-Charlotte:35165/jmxrmi INFO: Using com.sun.enterprise.transaction.jts.JavaEETransactionManagerJTSDelegate as the delegate INFO: [Thread[GlassFish Kernel Main Thread,5,main]] started INFO: Grizzly Framework 1.9.18-k started in: 150ms listening on port 35159 INFO: Perform lazy SSL initialization for the listener 'http-listener-2' INFO: {felix.fileinstall.poll (ms) = 5000, felix.fileinstall.dir = C:\Program Files\sges-v3\glassfish\modules\autostart, felix.fileinstall.debug = 1, felix.fileinstall.bundles.new.start = true, felix.fileinstall.tmpdir = C:\Users\CHARLO~1\AppData\Local\Temp\fileinstall-330907148519261411, felix.fileinstall.filter = null} INFO: {felix.fileinstall.poll (ms) = 5000, felix.fileinstall.dir = C:\Users\Charlotte\.netbeans\6.8\GlassFish_v3\autodeploy\bundles, felix.fileinstall.debug = 1, felix.fileinstall.bundles.new.start = true, felix.fileinstall.tmpdir = C:\Users\CHARLO~1\AppData\Local\Temp\fileinstall-2938963288421854459, felix.fileinstall.filter = null} INFO: Grizzly Framework 1.9.18-k started in: 95ms listening on port 35160 INFO: Updating configuration from org.apache.felix.fileinstall-autodeploy-bundles.cfg INFO: Installed C:\Program Files\sges-v3\glassfish\modules\autostart\org.apache.felix.fileinstall-autodeploy-bundles.cfg INFO: {felix.fileinstall.poll (ms) = 5000, felix.fileinstall.dir = C:\Users\Charlotte\.netbeans\6.8\GlassFish_v3\autodeploy\bundles, felix.fileinstall.debug = 1, felix.fileinstall.bundles.new.start = true, felix.fileinstall.tmpdir = C:\Users\CHARLO~1\AppData\Local\Temp\fileinstall-6474085409014899009, felix.fileinstall.filter = null} And there is no message such as "Glassfish started"! So, when I try to access to the admin web interface: localhost:4848 or localhost:8080 or localhost:8181 , It doesn't work. What should I do? Thank you very much, Regards.

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• Can an administration extraction of an MSI file perform registry and/or system wide changes?

  - by Wil

  I am always getting MSI (or setup EXEs which are basically MSI) files, and half the time they really do not need to be a setup. Microsoft is probably one of the biggest sources - almost every time I want to download a little source code sample, it has a MSI which if you install, only usually has three files. I would rather not do an install and add it to the add/remove programs and who knows what else (although I am sure it wouldn't be that bad) for the sake of three files! For this reason, I always use the following command: MSIEXEC /a <filename.msi> /qb TARGETDIR=<directory name> Now, this works fine and I have never had problems... However, I was just browsing some articles on Technet and found the following resource about administration installs. Apparently, MSI files can have two sequences: The AdminUISequence Table and the AdminExecuteSequence Table. I am not so worried about the AdminUISequence Table as it states that "The installer skips the actions in this table if the user interface level is set to basic UI or no UI", and this is what the /qb switch I use does. However, there is nothing similar written against AdminExecuteSequence Table. I realise that many people who write MSI files simply do it for a single end user and probably do not even touch the admin install options, however, is it possible for them to set items that can affect the system and if so, is there a fail proof way of extracting? I do already use 7-zip, however despite it being on the "supported" page, MSI support is lacking... well... completely sucks. It looses the file names and is generally useless. They have a bug which was closed with no reason/resolution over three years ago, and I opened a forum post and haven't had a reply. I would not really want to install any additional programs if I could help it and just want peoples opinions on this. Thanks. edit - Should also say, I run with UAC on, and I have never ever had a elevation prompt whilst performing the MSIEXEC operation, so I am guessing I have never had a system wide change, however, I am still curious as to if it is possible... As if changes (even just to the user) are possible I would do this locally/in a VM and never on a server or place of importance!

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• Tuning Linux IP routing parameters -- secret_interval and tcp_mem

  - by Jeff Atwood

  We had a little failover problem with one of our HAProxy VMs today. When we dug into it, we found this: Jan 26 07:41:45 haproxy2 kernel: [226818.070059] __ratelimit: 10 callbacks suppressed Jan 26 07:41:45 haproxy2 kernel: [226818.070064] Out of socket memory Jan 26 07:41:47 haproxy2 kernel: [226819.560048] Out of socket memory Jan 26 07:41:49 haproxy2 kernel: [226822.030044] Out of socket memory Which, per this link, apparently has to do with low default settings for net.ipv4.tcp_mem. So we increased them by 4x from their defaults (this is Ubuntu Server, not sure if the Linux flavor matters): current values are: 45984 61312 91968 new values are: 183936 245248 367872 After that, we started seeing a bizarre error message: Jan 26 08:18:49 haproxy1 kernel: [ 2291.579726] Route hash chain too long! Jan 26 08:18:49 haproxy1 kernel: [ 2291.579732] Adjust your secret_interval! Shh.. it's a secret!! This apparently has to do with /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/secret_interval which defaults to 600 and controls periodic flushing of the route cache The secret_interval instructs the kernel how often to blow away ALL route hash entries regardless of how new/old they are. In our environment this is generally bad. The CPU will be busy rebuilding thousands of entries per second every time the cache is cleared. However we set this to run once a day to keep memory leaks at bay (though we've never had one). While we are happy to reduce this, it seems odd to recommend dropping the entire route cache at regular intervals, rather than simply pushing old values out of the route cache faster. After some investigation, we found /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_elasticity which seems to be a better option for keeping the route table size in check: gc_elasticity can best be described as the average bucket depth the kernel will accept before it starts expiring route hash entries. This will help maintain the upper limit of active routes. We adjusted elasticity from 8 to 4, in the hopes of the route cache pruning itself more aggressively. The secret_interval does not feel correct to us. But there are a bunch of settings and it's unclear which are really the right way to go here. /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_elasticity (8) /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_interval (60) /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_min_interval (0) /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_timeout (300) /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/secret_interval (600) /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_thresh (?) rhash_entries (kernel parameter, default unknown?) We don't want to make the Linux routing worse, so we're kind of afraid to mess with some of these settings. Can anyone advise which routing parameters are best to tune, for a high traffic HAProxy instance?

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