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  • Au revoir, Python?

    - by GuySmiley
    I'm an ex-C++ programmer who's recently discovered (and fallen head-over-heels with) Python. I've taken some time to become reasonably fluent in Python, but I've encountered some troubling realities that may lead me to drop it as my language of choice, at least for the time being. I'm writing this in the hopes that someone out there can talk me out of it by convincing me that my concerns are easily circumvented within the bounds of the python universe. I picked up python while looking for a single flexible language that will allow me to build end-to-end working systems quickly on a variety of platforms. These include: - web services - mobile apps - cross-platform client apps for PC Development speed is more of a priority at the time-being than execution speed. However, in order to improve performance over time without requiring major re-writes or architectural changes I think it's imperative to be able to interface easily with Java. That way, I can use Java to optimize specific components as the application scales, without throwing away any code. As far as I can tell, my requirement for an enterprise-capable, platform-independent, fast language with a large developer base means it would have to be Java. .NET or C++ would not cut it due to their respective limitations. Also Java is clearly de rigeur for most mobile platforms. Unfortunately, tragically, there doesn't seem to be a good way to meet all these demands. Jython seems to be what I'm looking for in principle, except that it appears to be practically dead, with no one developing, supporting, or using it to any great degree. And also Jython seems too married to the Java libraries, as you can't use many of the CPython standard libraries with it, which has a major impact on the code you end up writing. The only other option that I can see is to use JPype wrapped in marshalling classes, which may work although it seems like a pain and I wonder if it would be worth it in the long run. On the other hand, everything I'm looking for seems to be readily available by using JRuby, which seems to be much better supported. As things stand, I think this is my best option. I'm sad about this because I absolutely love everything about Python, including the syntax. The perl-like constructs in Ruby just feel like such a step backwards to me in terms of readability, but at the end of the day most of the benefits of python are available in Ruby as well. So I ask you - am I missing something here? Much of what I've said is based on what I've read, so is this summary of the current landscape accurate, or is there some magical solution to the Python-Java divide that will snuff these concerns and allow me to comfortably stay in my happy Python place?

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  • Am I experienced enough to learn and develop immediately using Ruby on Rails?

    - by acheong87
    General Question I understand that discussions revolving around questions of this form run the risk of becoming too specific to help others. So, perhaps a better, general question would be: What kind of experience, if any, translates easily to Ruby on Rails; and if none, then what's the learning curve like, in comparison to other popular languages? Background I have the opportunity to build a website using whatever technologies I wish to use. It's a fairly simple website, for listing products, taking payments, managing customer data, providing a back-end portal for employees to manage data, possibly hooking in flight information (the products are travel related), possibly integrating a blog and all the social-networking goodies. Specific Problem I have to let the client know by tonight whether I'm interested in taking up this project, before he talks to other potential developers, but I'm on the fence. I already work a full-time C++ development job, so the money doesn't do it for me. It's the opportunity to (be paid to) learn some new technologies and to have a real, running product in the end. I've heard and read great things about Ruby, and am really intrigued. I zipped through some introductory Ruby tutorials, no sweat. However I found the Rails tutorials a little overwhelming, especially not being able to try it out anywhere. And researching Rails hosts like Heroku and EngineYard makes me think that maybe I don't know what I'm getting myself into. The ship's leaving port! I wish I had more time to learn, better yet play with the language, but I have to decide soon! Should I venture or pass? Additional Details My experiences are in C/C++/Tcl/Perl/PHP/jQuery, and basic knowledge of Java/C#. I didn't study C.S. formally so I wasn't exposed to design principles, programming paradigms, etc., which is my greatest concern. Will my lack of understanding in this realm make RoR frustrating to learn? Will it be so incompatible with a C++ "way" of thinking that I'll wish I never started? Am I putting my client at risk by attempting this? If it helps, I'm quick to learn new things (self-taught so far) and care a great deal about correctness, using things for their intended purposes, and so on. I've read numerous recommendations of Agile Development with Rails and would love to read it (though perhaps, while developing in parallel, for shortness of time). Worse comes to worst, I'd give up and do the standard LAMP gig, of course, not charging the client for wasted time. But I'm hoping to avoid the project altogether if it's gonna come down to that! Thanks in advance for any tips, insights, votes of confidence, votes of discouragement (for the better), and such.

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  • My Package Version Number Appears Greater Yet apt-get Doesn't Select It

    - by nutznboltz
    Backstory: It was determined that when using lxc container VMs the Nagios nrpe shutdown script when run on the host of the containers would kill the nrpe processes inside the containers. This was remediated by changing the script to use pidfiles instead of searching the process table for the nrpe process. Regrettably start-stop-daemon is a C program that resulted from translating a Perl script and it shows. There are far too many global varibles in start-stop-daemon.c and although there are some nice blocks of comments there are far to few comments that explain the intent behind variable names such as "schedule" (the string "schedule" appears in many contexts.) The manual page for start-stop-daemon strongly suggests that unless you use the "--retry" option the start-stop-daemon program may return before the process it sent a signal to actually calls exit() and terminates, however it doesn't actually state this in plain English. The obtuseness of start-stop-daemon is most likely the reason that the "fixed" version of the script includes a dubious comment indicating that sometimes the pid file has not been removed. I can easily see why someone would not understand that he left the --retry option missing. This bug also causes failures when the script is given the "restart" option; the nrpe daemon will shutdown but not start up again. Did I mention that since applying the update our nrpe servers started crashing over and over? Repairing this is why I am doing this work. I have been working on remediating the fix. You can see my current work in this PPA. Actual Question: The upstream version number of nagios-nrpe-server in lucid-updates is 2.12-4ubuntu1.10.04.1 My PPA uses this version number 2.12-4ubuntu1.10.04.1.1~ppa1~lucid1 I check the rules here and use this test program and I am lead to believe that the version number I use in my PPA is greater than the one in lucid-updates yet when I ran: sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nutznboltz/nrpe-unbreak-lp-600941 sudo apt-get update sudo aptitiude dist-upgrade The replacement package was not installed. I was able to install it using sudo aptitude install nagios-nrpe-server=2.12-4ubuntu1.10.04.1.1~ppa1~lucid1 Can anyone explain this behavior? Why didn't my version number appear greater to "aptitude dist-upgrade"? Thanks $ cat /etc/apt/preferences Package: * Pin: release a=lucid-backports Pin-Priority: 400 Package: * Pin: release a=lucid-security Pin-Priority: 990 Package: * Pin: release a=lucid-updates Pin-Priority: 900 Package: * Pin: release a=lucid-proposed Pin-Priority: 400 $ ls /etc/apt/preferences.d/ $ Should not make any difference as a PPA cannot be in any of those pockets. I went ahead and bumped the version number in the PPA to 2.12-4ubuntu1.10.04.2~ppa1~lucid1. I'll see if that makes a difference. I do notice that lintian complains: W: nagios-nrpe-server: debian-revision-not-well-formed 2.12-4ubuntu1.10.04.2~ppa1~lucid1

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  • Ati Radeon HD 3200 Graphics driver - Installation Problem

    - by samufi
    I have a fresh installation of Ubuntu 12.04 x86 and I am trying to install the proprietary driver for my "Radeon HD 3200 Graphics" video card. I know that there are already many threads about this topic, but I did not find a solution for my problem: For the installation I followed exactly these instructions: What is the correct way to install ATI Catalyst Video Drivers in 12.04 LTS? During the process I faced these problems: I executed ~$ debconf libstdc++6 dkms libqtgui4 wget execstack libelfg0 dh-modaliases and got: debconf: DbDriver "passwords" warning: could not open /var/cache/debconf/passwords.dat: Keine Berechtigung Can't exec "libstdc++6": Datei oder Verzeichnis nicht gefunden at /usr/share/perl/5.14/IPC/Open3.pm line 186. open2: exec of libstdc++6 dkms libqtgui4 wget execstack libelfg0 dh-modaliases failed at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/ConfModule.pm line 59 (translation of the German parts: "Keine Berechtigung" means: "no permission"; "Datei oder Verzeichnis nicht gefunden" means: "File or folder not found") Because I had no idea if it was a big issue, I just continued: ~$ sudo apt-get install ia32-libs There I got: Paketlisten werden gelesen... Fertig Abhängigkeitsbaum wird aufgebaut Statusinformationen werden eingelesen... Fertig Paket ia32-libs ist nicht verfügbar, wird aber von einem anderen Paket referenziert. Das kann heißen, dass das Paket fehlt, dass es abgelöst wurde oder nur aus einer anderen Quelle verfügbar ist. E: Paket »ia32-libs« hat keinen Installationskandidaten (Translation: [...] the package ia32-libs is not available but is referenced by an other package [...] E: package »ia32-libs« has no installation candidate) Once more I went on. The next steps worked quite fine. But when I came to the point: ~$ sudo dpkg -i *.deb There I got A popup message, something like there was a problem with a system application but in the terminal no errors were reported, also the packages seemed to be installed. so now the Ati Catalyst Center works amdcccle but fglrxinfo gave me X Error of failed request: BadRequest (invalid request code or no such operation) Major opcode of failed request: 139 (ATIFGLEXTENSION) Minor opcode of failed request: 66 () Serial number of failed request: 13 Current serial number in output stream: 13 So there is something wrong. (Also there is not the possibility to enable these nice graphical features - the reason why I installed the proprietary driver) Because I worked with a completely fresh Installation I don't know how to fix the problem. If anybody could help I would be very tahnkful! =)

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  • Should I be an algorithm developer, or java web frameworks type developer?

    - by Derek
    So - as I see it, there are really two kinds of developers. Those that do frameworks, web services, pretty-making front ends, etc etc. Then there are developers that write the algorithms that solve the problem. That is, unless the problem is "display this raw data in some meaningful way." In that case, the framework/web developer guy might be doing both jobs. So my basic problem is this. I have been an algorithms kind of software developer for a few years now. I double majored in Math and Computer science, and I have a master's in systems engineering. I have never done any web-dev work, with the exception of a couple minor jobs, and some hobby level stuff. I have been job interviewing lately, and this is what happens: Job is listed as "programmer- 5 years of experience with the following: C/C++, Java,Perl, Ruby, ant, blah blah blah" Recruiter calls me, says they want me to come in for interview In the interview, find out they have some webservices development, blah blah blah When asked in the interview, talk about my experience doing algorithms, optimization, blah blah..but very willing to learn new languages, frameworks, etc Get a call back saying "we didn't think you were a fit for the job you interviewed wtih, but our algorithm team got wind of you and wants to bring you on" This has happened to me a couple times now - see a vague-ish job description looking for a "programmer" Go in, find out they are doing some sort of web-based tool, maybe with some hardcore algorithms running in the background. interview with people for the web-based tool, but get an offer from the algorithms people. So the question is - which job is the better job? I basically just want to get a wide berth of experience at this level of my career, but are algorithm developers so much in demand? Even more so than all these supposed hot in demand web developer guys? Will I be ok in the long run if I go into the niche of math based algorithm development, and just little to no, or hobby level web-dev experience? I basically just don't want to pigeon hole myself this early. My salary is already starting to get pretty high - and I can see a company later on saying "we really need a web developer, but we'll hire this 50k/year college guy, instead of this 100k/year experience algorithm guy" Cliffs notes: I have been doing algorithm development. I consider myself to be a "good programmer." I would have no problem picking up web technologies and those sorts of frameworks. During job interviews, I keep getting "we think you've got a good skillset - talk to our algorithm team" instead of wanting me to learn new skills on the job to do their web services or whhatever other new technology they are doing. Edit: Whenever I am talking about algorithm development here - I am talking about the code that produces the answer. Typically I think of more math-based algorithms: solving a financial problem, solving a finite element method, image processing, etc

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  • Using lookahead assertions in regular expressions

    - by Greg Jackson
    I use regular expressions on a daily basis, as my daily work is 90% in Perl (legacy codebase, but that's a different issue). Despite this, I still find lookahead and lookbehind to be terribly confusing and often unreadable. Right now, if I were to get a code review with a lookahead or lookbehind, I would immediately send it back to see if the problem can be solved by using multiple regular expressions or a different approach. The following are the main reasons I tend not to like them: They can be terribly unreadable. Lookahead assertions, for example, start from the beginning of the string no matter where they are placed. That, among other things, can cause some very "interesting" and non-obvious behaviors. It used to be the case that many languages didn't support lookahead/lookbehind (or supported them as "experimental features"). This isn't the case quite as much, but there's still always the question as to how well it's supported. Quite frankly, they feel like a dirty hack. Regexps often already are, but they can also be quite elegant, and have gained widespread acceptance. I've gotten by without any need for them at all... sometimes I think that they're extraneous. Now, I'll freely admit that especially the last two reasons aren't really good ones, but I felt that I should enumerate what goes through my mind when I see one. I'm more than willing to change my mind about them, but I feel that they violate some of my core tenets of programming, including: Code should be as readable as possible without sacrificing functionality -- this may include doing something in a less efficient, but clearer was as long as the difference is negligible or unimportant to the application as a whole. Code should be maintainable -- if another programmer comes along to fix my code, non-obvious behavior can hide bugs or make functional code appear buggy (see readability) "The right tool for the right job" -- I'm sure you can come up with contrived examples that could use lookahead, but I've never come across something that really needs them in my real-world development work. Is there anything that they're really the best tool for, as opposed to, say, multiple regexps (or, alternatively, are they the best tool for most cases they're used for today). My question is this: Is it good practice to use lookahead/lookbehind in regular expressions, or are they simply a hack that have found their way into modern production code? I'd be perfectly happy to be convinced that I'm wrong about this, and simple examples are useful for examples or illustration, but by themselves, won't be enough to convince me.

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  • Working with Windows and Unix

    - by user554629
    Beware of new line characters One of the most frequent issues we encounter in Tech Support is the corruption of files that are transferred between Windows and Unix.   The transfer can occur at any stage, but ultimately involves a transfer of a file using an ftp client that is running on Windows;  it could be ftp or filezilla. Windows uses two characters to mark the end of a line in a text file (CR/LF),carriage return, linefeed.   Unix uses a single character (CR). In all situations, it is best to use binary mode transfer for all files, including ascii text files. Common problems: upload a core file from unix to windows using ftp in ascii mode.The file is going to be larger on Windows than Unix.ftp doesn't know if this is a text file with real line-ends, it takes every ascii CR and transmits two ascii characters CR/LF.The core file, tar file, library ... will be corrupted when transferred to Oracle. download a shell script to Windows, and transfer it to Unix using ftpIf the file is edited on Windows, the unix script line-end chars will be doubled.Unix doesn't know how to handle that, and will likely tell you the script is not executable.Why?  The first line of a shell script ( called "sh-bang" ), identifies the command interpreter the unix shell should use for this script.   Common examples:#/bin/sh#/bin/ksh#/bin/bash#/bin/perl#/bin/sh^M    # will not be understood.#/bin/env ksh # special syntax.  Find ksh and run it dos2unix is a common utility found on most unix platforms, that repairs the issue of Windows LineEnd characters in unix script files.   I've written my own flavor of this utility for use in Tech Support and build environments, that is a bit easier to use, and has some nice side-effects. accepts a list of files:   dos2unix *.sh repairs the file in-place.  Doesn't generate a new file you have to name retains the same timestamp;  it is the encoding that changed, not the file content. Here are the versions of dos2unix for each of the environments we work in.They are compressed with gzip, to avoid the ftp ascii transfer trap,and because I am quite limited in the number of files I can upload to this blog. AIX Linux Solaris sparc  Windows 

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  • Imperative vs. component based programming [closed]

    - by AlexW
    I've been thinking about how programming and more specifically the teaching of programming is advocated amongst the community (online). Often I've heard that Ruby and RoR is an ideal platform for learning to program. I completely disagree... RoR and Ruby are based on the application of the component based paradigm, which means they are ideal for rapid application development. This is much like the MVC model in PHP and ASP.NET But, learning a proper imperative language like Java or C/C++ (or even Perl and PHP) is the only way for a new programmer to explore logic itself, and not get too bogged down in architectural concerns like the need for separation of concerns, and the preference for components. Maybe it's a personal preference thing. I rather think that the most interesting aspects to programming are the procedural bits of code I write that actually do stuff rather than the project planning, and modelling that comes about from fully object oriented engineering or simply using the MVC model. I know this may sound confused to some of you. I feel strongly though that the best way for programming to be taught is through imperative and procedural methods. Architectural (component) methods come later, if at all. After all, none of the amazing algorithms that exist were based on OOP practice! It's all procedural code when it comes to the 'magic'. OOP is useful in creating products and utilities. Algorithms are what makes things happen, and move data around, and so imperative (and/or procedural) code are what matters most. When I see programmers recommending Ruby on Rails to newbie developers, I think it's just so wrong. Just because you write less code with Ruby does not make it easier to do! It's the opposite... you have to know loads more to appreciate its succinct nature. New coders who really want to understand the nuts and bolts of coding need to go away and figure out writing methods/functions (i.e. imperative programming) and working in procedural style, in order to grasp the fundamentals, first, before looking into architectural ways of working. So, my question is: should Ruby ever be recommended as a first language? I think no (obviously)... what arguments are there for it?

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  • Segmentation Fault (11) with modwsgi on CentOS 5.7 when running pyramid app

    - by carbotex
    I'm getting Segmentation fault error when trying to access the "Hello World" pyramid app. This error only occurs when running against CentOS 5.7 setup, but no problem whatsoever when tested against OSX and Arch Linux. Could it be a CentOS specific issue? [error] [client 10.211.55.2] Premature end of script headers: pyramid.wsgi [notice] child pid 31212 exit signal Segmentation fault (11) I have tried to follow the troubleshooting guides posted here http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/InstallationIssues which suggests that it might caused by missing Shared Library. A quick check reveals that shared library is not the issue. [centos57@localhost modules]$ ldd mod_wsgi.so linux-gate.so.1 => (0x00e6a000) libpython2.7.so.1.0 => /home/python/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 (0x0024c000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0x00da8000) libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00cd6000) libutil.so.1 => /lib/libutil.so.1 (0x00110000) libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0x0085c000) libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00682000) /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x0012b000) Then I found another clue that might be able to solve my problem. Unfortunately libexpat is not the source of the problem. http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IssuesWithExpatLibrary [centos57@localhost bin]$ ldd ~/httpd/bin/httpd | grep expat libexpat.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libexpat.so.1 (0x00b00000) [centos57@localhost bin]$ strings /usr/local/lib/libexpat.so.1 | grep expat libexpat.so.1 expat_2.0.1 [centos57@localhost bin]$ python Python 2.7.2 (default, Nov 26 2011, 08:08:44) [GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-51)] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import pyexpat >>> pyexpat.version_info (2, 0, 0) >>> I've been pulling my hair out trying to figure out what I'm missing in my setup. Why the problem only occurs with CentOS? Here is the detailed setup: Apache 2.2.19 Python 2.7.2 mod_wsgi-3.3 /home/httpd/conf/extra/pyramid.wsgi from pyramid.paster import get_app application = get_app('/home/homecamera/hcadmin/root/production.ini', 'main') /home/httpd/conf/extra/modwsgi.conf LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so WSGIScriptAlias /myapp /home/root/test.wsgi <Directory /home/root> WSGIProcessGroup pyramid Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # Use only 1 Python sub-interpreter. Multiple sub-interpreters # play badly with C extensions. WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL} WSGIPassAuthorization On WSGIDaemonProcess pyramid user=daemon group=daemon processes=1 \ threads=4 \ python-path=/home/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages WSGIScriptAlias /hello /home/httpd/conf/extra/pyramid.wsgi <Directory /home/httpd/conf/extra> WSGIProcessGroup pyramid Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Again this same setup works on OSX and Arch Linux but not on CentOS 5.7. Could someone out there point me to the right direction before I ran out of my hair. ==================================================================================== When apache started with gdb, I got a couple of warnings Reading symbols from /home/httpd/bin/httpd...done. Attaching to program: /home/httpd/bin/httpd, process 1821 warning: .dynamic section for "/lib/libcrypt.so.1" is not at the expected address warning: difference appears to be caused by prelink, adjusting expectations warning: .dynamic section for "/lib/libutil.so.1" is not at the expected address warning: difference appears to be caused by prelink, adjusting expectations gdb output. After hitting refresh button, to load pyramid. (gdb) cont Continuing. warning: .dynamic section for "/usr/lib/libgssapi_krb5.so.2" is not at the expected address warning: difference appears to be caused by prelink, adjusting expectations warning: .dynamic section for "/usr/lib/libkrb5.so.3" is not at the expected address warning: difference appears to be caused by prelink, adjusting expectations warning: .dynamic section for "/lib/libresolv.so.2" is not at the expected address warning: difference appears to be caused by prelink, adjusting expectations Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. [Switching to Thread 0x8edbb90 (LWP 1824)] 0x0814c120 in EVP_PKEY_CTX_dup () apache_error_log [info] mod_wsgi (pid=1821): Starting process 'pyramid' with threads=1. [info] mod_wsgi (pid=1821): Initializing Python. [info] mod_wsgi (pid=1821): Attach interpreter ''. [info] mod_wsgi (pid=1821): Create interpreter 'web.domain.com:20000|/hcadmin'. [info] [client 10.211.55.2] mod_wsgi (pid=1821, process='pyramid', application='web.domain.com:20000|/hcadmin'): Loading WSGI script '/home/httpd/conf/extra/pyramid.wsgi'. [error] hello 1

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  • Watchguard Firewall WebBlocker Regular Expression for Multiple Domains?

    - by Eric
    I'm pretty sure this is really a regex question, so you can skip to REGEX QUESTION if you want to skip the background. Our primary firewall is a Watchguard X750e running Fireware XTM v11.2. We're using webblocker to block most of the categories, and I'm allowing needed sites as they arise. Some sites are simple to add as exceptions, like Pandora radio. That one is just a pattern matched exception with "padnora.com/" as the pattern. All traffic from anywhere on pandora.com is allowed. I'm running into trouble on more sophisticated domains that reference content off of their base domains. We'll take GrooveShark as a sample. If you go to http://grooveshark.com/ and view page source, you'll see hrefs referring to gs-cdn.net as well as grooveshar.com. So adding a WebBlocker exception to grooveshark.com/ is not effective, and I have to add a second rule allowing gs-cdn.net/ as well. I see that the WebBlocker allows regex rules, so what I'd like to do in situations like this is create a single regex rule that allows traffic to all the needed domains. REGEX QUESTION: I'd like to try a regex that matches grooveshark.com/ and gs-cdn.net/. If anybody can help me write that regex, I'd appreciate it. Here is what is in the WatchGuard documentation from that section: Regular expression Regular expression matches use a Perl-compatible regular expression to make a match. For example, .[onc][eor][gtm] matches .org, .net, .com, or any other three-letter combination of one letter from each bracket, in order. Be sure to drop the leading “http://” Supports wild cards used in shell script. For example, the expression “(www)?.watchguard.[com|org|net]” will match URL paths including www.watchguard.com, www.watchguard.net, and www.watchguard.org. Thanks all!

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  • How do I install and use the cli53 tools on Windows?

    - by pavlos
    I'm trying to find the simplest way to import a large number of BIND zone files in to Route 53. I've had a quick look at the AWS CLI and AWS Tools for Windows PowerShell but they don't seem to include a zone file import option like the AWS Route53 GUI does. The cli53 utility on the other hand does, but is written in Python and appears to have a series of pre-requisites to get going which I'm having troubles working out for Windows. I can find plenty of examples of setting it up under Linux but only one reference to a PowerShell example here, but it doesn't explain how to install cli53 in the first place. The other option I'm exploring is to use the BIND to Amazon Route 53 Conversion Tool perl script to first convert the zone files to the Route53 CreateHostedZoneRequest XML format and then use the AWS New-R53HostedZone PowerShell cmdlet to import the zones. After the zones have been imported I'll be looking at running a script to validate what has been created in Route53 matches with the existing nameserver prior to updating each domains nameserver records - I was planning on whipping something up using the new PS4.0 Resolve-DnsName cmdlet, but let me know if you have any better suggestions. Any assistance would be greatly appreciated - thanks. (By the way, I had more reference links in my post but ServerFault won't allow me to post more than 2 links being a new member; and for this same reason I also can't comment on Vasili's example in the other linked thread)

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  • MySQL won't start or won't installed

    - by Owen
    Hi there, I'm trying to get a local LAMP setup on my Ubuntu desktop. I'm successfully got PHP install but I'm having trouble with MySQL If PHP tries to connet to MySQL I get this error: Warning: mysql_connect() [function.mysql-connect]: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2) in /var/www/testing.php on line 3 Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2) If I try via command line I get much the same error: owen@desktop:~$ mysql ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (13) Weirdly "/var/run/mysqld" does not exist. Running a whereis command I get the following: owen@desktop:~$ whereis mysqld.sock mysqld: /usr/sbin/mysqld /usr/share/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz So is MySQL even installed? Well acording to dpkg owen@desktop:~$ dpkg -l | grep mysql ii libapache2-mod-auth-mysql 4.3.9-13ubuntu1 Apache 2 module for MySQL authentication ii libdbd-mysql-perl 4.016-1 Perl5 database interface to the MySQL database ii libmysqlclient15off 5.1.30really5.0.83-0ubuntu3 MySQL database client library ii libmysqlclient16 5.1.49-1ubuntu8.1 MySQL database client library ii mysql-admin 5.0r14+openSUSE-2.1 GUI tool for intuitive MySQL administration ii mysql-client-5.1 5.1.49-1ubuntu8.1 MySQL database client binaries ii mysql-client-core-5.1 5.1.49-1ubuntu8.1 MySQL database core client binaries ii mysql-common 5.1.49-1ubuntu8.1 MySQL database common files, e.g. /etc/mysql/my.cnf ii mysql-gui-tools-common 5.0r14+openSUSE-2.1 Architecture independent files for MySQL GUI Tools ii mysql-query-browser 5.0r14+openSUSE-2.1 Official GUI tool to query MySQL database ii mysql-server 5.1.49-1ubuntu8.1 MySQL database server (metapackage depending on the latest version) ii mysql-server-5.1 5.1.49-1ubuntu8.1 MySQL database server binaries and system database setup ii mysql-server-core-5.0 5.1.30really5.0.83-0ubuntu3 MySQL database core server files ii mysql-server-core-5.1 5.1.49-1ubuntu8.1 MySQL database server binaries ii php5-mysql Can someone please help I'm really confused as what to do next. I'm not a Linux expert at all most of these commands I've ran I found of diffrent blogs and help forums.

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  • Adding tables to a herd in bucardo

    - by Joseph the Dreamer
    Forgive my ignorance, I am a JS programmer given the task to do DB replication using bucardo. I understand the concept of how bucardo works, but setting it up is a bit confusing. The set-up is: Lubuntu Linux Two databases test_master and test_slave, using PostgreSQL Each DB has a table named test, containing 2 columns: id (PK) and test (int) I use pgAdmin3 I have already added them to bucardo's list of databases and added all tables. Table: public.test DB: test_slave PK: id (int4) Table: public.test DB: test_master PK: id (int4) As you see, due to the fact that the DBs are identical, even the schema names are identical. So when I do: bucardo_ctl add herd sample_herd public.test Ok, so it got added to the herd. But this command gets confused which database public.test comes from. So when I add a sync: $ bucardo_ctl add sync sample_sync source=sample_herd targetdb=test_slave type=fullcopy Failed to add sync: DBD::Pg::st execute failed: ERROR: Source and target databases cannot be the same: test_slave at line 118. at line 30. CONTEXT: PL/Perl function "validate_sync" at /usr/bin/bucardo_ctl line 3362. What does it mean that source and target cannot be the same? If it got confused as to which public.test to use as source, how do I differentiate?

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  • XAMPP - Apache service stops running after few seconds.

    - by Fábio Antunes
    Hello I have this big problem with my Xampp server, for some reason the Apache service stops running after a few seconds it as been started, and i have no idea what the problem is, and the error logs don't say much about the problem. [Fri May 07 01:09:32 2010] [notice] Digest: generating secret for digest authentication ... [Fri May 07 01:09:32 2010] [notice] Digest: done [Fri May 07 01:09:33 2010] [notice] Apache/2.2.14 (Win32) DAV/2 mod_ssl/2.2.14 OpenSSL/0.9.8l mod_autoindex_color PHP/5.3.1 mod_apreq2-20090110/2.7.1 mod_perl/2.0.4 Perl/v5.10.1 configured -- resuming normal operations [Fri May 07 01:09:33 2010] [notice] Server built: Nov 11 2009 14:29:03 [Fri May 07 01:09:33 2010] [crit] (22)Invalid argument: Parent: Failed to create the child process. [Fri May 07 01:09:33 2010] [crit] (OS 6)O identificador é inválido. : master_main: create child process failed. Exiting. [Fri May 07 01:09:33 2010] [notice] Parent: Forcing termination of child process 36 identificador é inválido (pt_PT) = identifier is invalid. Note: No other applications is using the Apache port. I have done some changes to the httpd.conf file but, it as worked well for allot of time. Added some virtual hosts. Enabled xdebug. As this happen to anyone, that could tell me whats the problem? Thanks for your time.

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  • Need help in setting lighttpd on Ubuntu 9.10

    - by hap497
    Hi, I am trying to run lighttpd on Ubuntu 9.10. I get the conf file from the doc directory of lighttpd source. $ sudo ./lighttpd -f lighttpd.conf $ ps -ef | grep lighttpd root 2094 1 0 19:40 ? 00:00:00 ./lighttpd -f lighttpd.conf This is my lighttpd.conf: $ more lighttpd.conf # lighttpd configuration file # # use it as a base for lighttpd 1.0.0 and above # # $Id: lighttpd.conf,v 1.7 2004/11/03 22:26:05 weigon Exp $ ############ Options you really have to take care of #################### ## modules to load # at least mod_access and mod_accesslog should be loaded # all other module should only be loaded if really neccesary # - saves some time # - saves memory server.modules = ( # "mod_rewrite", # "mod_redirect", # "mod_alias", "mod_access", # "mod_trigger_b4_dl", # "mod_auth", # "mod_status", # "mod_setenv", # "mod_fastcgi", # "mod_proxy", # "mod_simple_vhost", # "mod_evhost", # "mod_userdir", # "mod_cgi", # "mod_compress", # "mod_ssi", # "mod_usertrack", # "mod_expire", # "mod_secdownload", # "mod_rrdtool", "mod_accesslog" ) ## A static document-root. For virtual hosting take a look at the ## mod_simple_vhost module. server.document-root = "/srv/www/htdocs/" ## where to send error-messages to server.errorlog = "/var/log/lighttpd/error.log" # files to check for if .../ is requested index-file.names = ( "index.php", "index.html", "index.htm", "default.htm" ) ## set the event-handler (read the performance section in the manual) # server.event-handler = "freebsd-kqueue" # needed on OS X # mimetype mapping mimetype.assign = ( ".pdf" => "application/pdf", ".sig" => "application/pgp-signature", ".spl" => "application/futuresplash", ".class" => "application/octet-stream", ".ps" => "application/postscript", ".torrent" => "application/x-bittorrent", ".dvi" => "application/x-dvi", ".gz" => "application/x-gzip", ".pac" => "application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig", ".swf" => "application/x-shockwave-flash", ".tar.gz" => "application/x-tgz", ".tgz" => "application/x-tgz", ".tar" => "application/x-tar", ".zip" => "application/zip", ".mp3" => "audio/mpeg", ".m3u" => "audio/x-mpegurl", ".wma" => "audio/x-ms-wma", ".wax" => "audio/x-ms-wax", ".ogg" => "application/ogg", ".wav" => "audio/x-wav", ".gif" => "image/gif", ".jar" => "application/x-java-archive", ".jpg" => "image/jpeg", ".jpeg" => "image/jpeg", ".png" => "image/png", ".xbm" => "image/x-xbitmap", ".xpm" => "image/x-xpixmap", ".xwd" => "image/x-xwindowdump", ".css" => "text/css", ".html" => "text/html", ".htm" => "text/html", ".js" => "text/javascript", ".asc" => "text/plain", ".c" => "text/plain", ".cpp" => "text/plain", ".log" => "text/plain", ".conf" => "text/plain", ".text" => "text/plain", ".txt" => "text/plain", ".dtd" => "text/xml", ".xml" => "text/xml", ".mpeg" => "video/mpeg", ".mpg" => "video/mpeg", ".mov" => "video/quicktime", ".qt" => "video/quicktime", ".avi" => "video/x-msvideo", ".asf" => "video/x-ms-asf", ".asx" => "video/x-ms-asf", ".wmv" => "video/x-ms-wmv", ".bz2" => "application/x-bzip", ".tbz" => "application/x-bzip-compressed-tar", ".tar.bz2" => "application/x-bzip-compressed-tar", # default mime type "" => "application/octet-stream", ) # Use the "Content-Type" extended attribute to obtain mime type if possible #mimetype.use-xattr = "enable" ## send a different Server: header ## be nice and keep it at lighttpd # server.tag = "lighttpd" #### accesslog module accesslog.filename = "/var/log/lighttpd/access.log" ## deny access the file-extensions # # ~ is for backupfiles from vi, emacs, joe, ... # .inc is often used for code includes which should in general not be part # of the document-root url.access-deny = ( "~", ".inc" ) $HTTP["url"] =~ "\.pdf$" { server.range-requests = "disable" } ## # which extensions should not be handle via static-file transfer # # .php, .pl, .fcgi are most often handled by mod_fastcgi or mod_cgi static-file.exclude-extensions = ( ".php", ".pl", ".fcgi" ) ######### Options that are good to be but not neccesary to be changed ####### ## bind to port (default: 80) #server.port = 81 ## bind to localhost (default: all interfaces) #server.bind = "127.0.0.1" ## error-handler for status 404 #server.error-handler-404 = "/error-handler.html" #server.error-handler-404 = "/error-handler.php" ## to help the rc.scripts #server.pid-file = "/var/run/lighttpd.pid" ###### virtual hosts ## ## If you want name-based virtual hosting add the next three settings and load ## mod_simple_vhost ## ## document-root = ## virtual-server-root + virtual-server-default-host + virtual-server-docroot ## or ## virtual-server-root + http-host + virtual-server-docroot ## #simple-vhost.server-root = "/srv/www/vhosts/" #simple-vhost.default-host = "www.example.org" #simple-vhost.document-root = "/htdocs/" ## ## Format: <errorfile-prefix><status-code>.html ## -> ..../status-404.html for 'File not found' #server.errorfile-prefix = "/usr/share/lighttpd/errors/status-" #server.errorfile-prefix = "/srv/www/errors/status-" ## virtual directory listings #dir-listing.activate = "enable" ## select encoding for directory listings #dir-listing.encoding = "utf-8" ## enable debugging #debug.log-request-header = "enable" #debug.log-response-header = "enable" #debug.log-request-handling = "enable" #debug.log-file-not-found = "enable" ### only root can use these options # # chroot() to directory (default: no chroot() ) #server.chroot = "/" ## change uid to <uid> (default: don't care) #server.username = "wwwrun" ## change uid to <uid> (default: don't care) #server.groupname = "wwwrun" #### compress module #compress.cache-dir = "/var/cache/lighttpd/compress/" #compress.filetype = ("text/plain", "text/html") #### proxy module ## read proxy.txt for more info #proxy.server = ( ".php" => # ( "localhost" => # ( # "host" => "192.168.0.101", # "port" => 80 # ) # ) # ) #### fastcgi module ## read fastcgi.txt for more info ## for PHP don't forget to set cgi.fix_pathinfo = 1 in the php.ini #fastcgi.server = ( ".php" => # ( "localhost" => # ( # "socket" => "/var/run/lighttpd/php-fastcgi.s ocket", # "bin-path" => "/usr/local/bin/php-cgi" # ) # ) # ) #### CGI module #cgi.assign = ( ".pl" => "/usr/bin/perl", # ".cgi" => "/usr/bin/perl" ) # #### SSL engine #ssl.engine = "enable" #ssl.pemfile = "/etc/ssl/private/lighttpd.pem" #### status module #status.status-url = "/server-status" #status.config-url = "/server-config" #### auth module ## read authentication.txt for more info #auth.backend = "plain" #auth.backend.plain.userfile = "lighttpd.user" #auth.backend.plain.groupfile = "lighttpd.group" #auth.backend.ldap.hostname = "localhost" #auth.backend.ldap.base-dn = "dc=my-domain,dc=com" #auth.backend.ldap.filter = "(uid=$)" #auth.require = ( "/server-status" => # ( # "method" => "digest", # "realm" => "download archiv", # "require" => "user=jan" # ), # "/server-config" => # ( # "method" => "digest", # "realm" => "download archiv", # "require" => "valid-user" # ) # ) #### url handling modules (rewrite, redirect, access) #url.rewrite = ( "^/$" => "/server-status" ) #url.redirect = ( "^/wishlist/(.+)" => "http://www.123.org/$1" ) #### both rewrite/redirect support back reference to regex conditional using %n #$HTTP["host"] =~ "^www\.(.*)" { # url.redirect = ( "^/(.*)" => "http://%1/$1" ) #} # # define a pattern for the host url finding # %% => % sign # %0 => domain name + tld # %1 => tld # %2 => domain name without tld # %3 => subdomain 1 name # %4 => subdomain 2 name # #evhost.path-pattern = "/srv/www/vhosts/%3/htdocs/" #### expire module #expire.url = ( "/buggy/" => "access 2 hours", "/asdhas/" => "ac cess plus 1 seconds 2 minutes") #### ssi #ssi.extension = ( ".shtml" ) #### rrdtool #rrdtool.binary = "/usr/bin/rrdtool" #rrdtool.db-name = "/var/lib/lighttpd/lighttpd.rrd" #### setenv #setenv.add-request-header = ( "TRAV_ENV" => "mysql://user@host/db" ) #setenv.add-response-header = ( "X-Secret-Message" => "42" ) ## for mod_trigger_b4_dl # trigger-before-download.gdbm-filename = "/var/lib/lighttpd/trigger.db" # trigger-before-download.memcache-hosts = ( "127.0.0.1:11211" ) # trigger-before-download.trigger-url = "^/trigger/" # trigger-before-download.download-url = "^/download/" # trigger-before-download.deny-url = "http://127.0.0.1/index.html" # trigger-before-download.trigger-timeout = 10 #### variable usage: ## variable name without "." is auto prefixed by "var." and becomes "var.bar" #bar = 1 #var.mystring = "foo" ## integer add #bar += 1 ## string concat, with integer cast as string, result: "www.foo1.com" #server.name = "www." + mystring + var.bar + ".com" ## array merge #index-file.names = (foo + ".php") + index-file.names #index-file.names += (foo + ".php") #### include #include /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd-inc.conf ## same as above if you run: "lighttpd -f /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf" #include "lighttpd-inc.conf" #### include_shell #include_shell "echo var.a=1" ## the above is same as: #var.a=1 When I go to browser and hit 'http://127.0.0.1', I get link not found. Any idea?

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  • Delay before download starts when serving files using nginx

    - by glumbo
    I am currently using nginx to serve downloads off my website. Users sometimes need to wait about 5 seconds before their download starts after clicking a download link. I'm not sure if I need to start using raid 10 (I'm currently using raid 50) or if this is a problem with my nginx configuration. I am also on a 1gbit line but download sometimes go as low as 10kB/s. My server: Dual Xeon 5620 CPU, 12x2TB drives with 8GB ram. This is my nginx.conf #user nobody; worker_processes 12; worker_rlimit_nofile 10240; worker_rlimit_sigpending 32768; error_log logs/error.log crit; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 2048; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; access_log off; limit_conn_log_level info; log_format xfs '$arg_id|$arg_usr|$remote_addr|$body_bytes_sent|$status'; #sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; reset_timedout_connection on; server_tokens off; autoindex off; keepalive_timeout 0; #keepalive_timeout 65; limit_zone one $binary_remote_addr 10m; perl_modules perl; perl_require download.pm;

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  • PXE booting LACP hosts on Force10 S50N with FTOS

    - by lolwutreddit
    Hardware: S50N Firmware: FTOS 8.4.2.6 Problem: We're trying to PXE boot some servers that are connected via port-channel interfaces with LACP. Current Work-around: we PXE boot a server with a single interface (eth0), and then use a Perl script to turn up the port-channel interfaces after the server is built. Details: Is anyone doing anything similar on Force10 S50 switches with FTOS? If not, is anyone doing this on another S series, or larger chassis-based Force10? I'm wondering if Native VLAN will solve this, since ports in a port-channel cannot explicitly have a VLAN set, and they don't seem to use the tagged or untagged VLAN that the port channel is in. I will confirm this next (I think it's the only thing I haven't tried) Juniper Example: http://broken.net/openindiana/how-to-pxe-boot-systems-on-lacp-using-juniper-switches/ Cisco: there are plenty of documented ways to solve this issue on IOS and Nexus Update/Edit: since there seems to be no way to use interface or port-channel mode commands to get the individual interfaces to show up in spanning-tree (rtsp in this case), the ports should never go into a forwarding state. I'm not going to mess with it anymore unless a) someone that has experience passes it on, or b) Force10 comes up with a solution for this (I'm guessing it will only be introduced on other S platforms (S55, S60), since the S50 seems to be near EOL). I'm basing that on the fact that the Open Automation type features are only being supported on the newer switches.

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  • How to list rpm packages/subpackages sorted by total size

    - by smci
    Looking for an easy way to postprocess rpm -q output so it reports the total size of all subpackages matching a regexp, e.g. see the aspell* example below. (Short of scripting it with Python/PERL/awk, which is the next step) (Motivation: I'm trying to remove a few Gb of unnecessary packages from a CentOS install, so I'm trying to track down things that are a) large b) unnecessary and c) not dependencies of anything useful like gnome. Ultimately I want to pipe the ouput through sort -n to what the space hogs are, before doing rpm -e) My reporting command looks like [1]: cat unwanted | xargs rpm -q --qf '%9.{size} %{name}\n' > unwanted.size and here's just one example where I'd like to see rpm's total for all aspell* subpackages: root# rpm -q --qf '%9.{size} %{name}\n' `rpm -qa | grep aspell` 1040974 aspell 16417158 aspell-es 4862676 aspell-sv 4334067 aspell-en 23329116 aspell-fr 13075210 aspell-de 39342410 aspell-it 8655094 aspell-ca 62267635 aspell-cs 16714477 aspell-da 17579484 aspell-el 10625591 aspell-no 60719347 aspell-pl 12907088 aspell-pt 8007946 aspell-nl 9425163 aspell-cy Three extra nice-to-have things: list the dependencies/depending packages of each group (so I can figure out the uninstall order) Also, if you could group them by package group, that would be totally neat. Human-readable size units like 'M'/'G' (like ls -h does). Can be done with regexp and rounding on the size field. Footnote: I'm surprised up2date and yum don't add this sort of intelligence. Ideally you would want to see a tree of group-package-subpackage, with rolled-up sizes. Footnote 2: I see yum erase aspell* does actually produce this summary - but not in a query command. [1] where unwanted.txt is a textfile of unnecessary packages obtained by diffing the output of: yum list installed | sed -e 's/\..*//g' > installed.txt diff --suppress-common-lines centos4_minimal.txt installed.txt | grep '>' and centos4_minimal.txt came from the Google doc given by that helpful blogger.

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  • How \Deleted flag can be unset for all mails in cyrus-imapd mailbox?

    - by Sachin Divekar
    I have a 5GB mailbox which I moved using imapsync. But somehow I messed up with --delete/--delete2 option and end up with almost all the messages having \Deleted flag set. I do not have delayed expunge enabled, so I can not use unexpunge utility. I am using cyrus-imapd v2.3.7. Using cyrus-imapd's debugging feature I found out that email client(Roundcube in my case) fires following IMAP command to unset it. UID STORE 179 -FLAGS.SILENT (\Deleted) I don't know if somehow I can fire this command for all the mails. Is there any way I can unset \Deleted flag for all the mails in the mailbox? UPDATE: Using @geekosaur's tip of specifying range of message-ids in the above command, I could solve it for one mailbox under INBOX like INBOX.folder1. Is there any way I can do it for multiple mailboxes under INBOX recursively? Now I am working on solving it using/creating some script, maybe using Perl's IMAP related module. But still I need to solve it asap so inputs are welcome.

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  • Completely automated DVD insert-rip-compress-eject workflow

    - by Kevin L.
    (Partially inspired by this question.) Background: I have a PC hidden away behind an HD LCD in custom-built entertainment center. The only visible part of the PC is an external DVD drive, mounted above the Wii. The PC happens to have Windows XP on it; Hackintoshing and Linux might be possible, but I've had issues with drivers for the sound card before. Let's just assume that OS X and Linux are a no-go unless they provide a truly awesome and simple solution for this particular problem. Goal: I would like to have a completely automated workflow for ripping DVDs. Something like this: Push the eject button on the DVD drive, insert the DVD. PC recognizes that this is a video DVD (as opposed to data). PC rips DVD to hard drive. PC finishes ripping, and ejects the DVD tray. PC compresses DVD image into some format that an Xbox 360 can read. PC copies finished compressed video file to a particular folder, so that it can be read into a WMP11 library and seamlessly played by the Xbox 360. PC cleans up all temporary files. Done. The impetus to have this be completely automated is that I’ll never need to switch the TV to the PC’s input and fiddle with the wireless keyboard. That’s just needless user intervention. The UI doesn’t have to be pretty. Nor do I care about speed. And I can probably bridge several of the gaps with some creative Perl use. But it seems likely that many (or all) of the parts should already exist. Any thoughts?

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  • Linux/Unix MTA with the smartest queue?

    - by threecheeseopera
    I am looking for an MTA that will allow me (a script, really) to proactively manage it's send queue in response to status codes returned by the remote servers I am delivering to. Basically, for each mail sent I would like to be able to react to the SMTP reply code returned by the remote server, ex. '250 OK', or to any error conditions like connection timeouts. Additionally, I would like to be able to manage the send queue moving forward based on this information, e.g. 'example.com has timed out the last 5 connection attempts, so no longer queue mail for recipients @example.com'. I am currently using postfix and perl to parse it's logs for this information, but I am playing a game of catchup that is prone to errors (out-of-order log entries etc.) and it's starting to get messy (some real ugly regexes ;). I really don't want to reinvent the wheel and use some language's smtp library; i would prefer to use a proven/fast/reliable MTA. I am however open to suggestions if what I need just isn't possible. Thanks for your help!

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  • How to configure fastcgi to work with ligttpd in ubuntu

    - by michael
    I am able to run lighttpd on ubuntu 9.10. But when i tried to setup fastcgi with lighttpd by putting this in the ligttpd.conf file: #### fastcgi module fastcgi.server = ( "/fastcgi_scripts/" => (( "host" => "127.0.0.1", "port" => "9098", "check-local" => "disable", "bin-path" => "/usr/local/bin/cgi-fcgi", "docroot" => "/" # remote server may use # it's own docroot )) ) This is what I get in the error.log in ligttpd: 2010-03-07 21:00:11: (log.c.166) server started 2010-03-07 21:00:11: (mod_fastcgi.c.1104) the fastcgi-backend /usr/local/bin/cgi-fcgi failed to start: 2010-03-07 21:00:11: (mod_fastcgi.c.1108) child exited with status 1 /usr/local/bin/cgi-fcgi 2010-03-07 21:00:11: (mod_fastcgi.c.1111) If you're trying to run your app as a FastCGI backend, make sure you're using the FastCGI-enabled version. If this is PHP on Gentoo, add 'fastcgi' to the USE flags. 2010-03-07 21:00:11: (mod_fastcgi.c.1399) [ERROR]: spawning fcgi failed. 2010-03-07 21:00:11: (server.c.931) Configuration of plugins failed. Going down. I do have cgi-fcgi in /usr/local/bin: $ which cgi-fcgi /usr/local/bin/cgi-fcgi '/usr/local/bin/cgi-fcgi' is the executable after I download and compile fast-cgi. Here is my lighttpd conf file: $ more lighttpd.conf # lighttpd configuration file # # use it as a base for lighttpd 1.0.0 and above # # $Id: lighttpd.conf,v 1.7 2004/11/03 22:26:05 weigon Exp $ ############ Options you really have to take care of #################### ## modules to load # at least mod_access and mod_accesslog should be loaded # all other module should only be loaded if really neccesary # - saves some time # - saves memory server.modules = ( # "mod_rewrite", # "mod_redirect", # "mod_alias", "mod_access", # "mod_trigger_b4_dl", # "mod_auth", # "mod_status", # "mod_setenv", "mod_fastcgi", # "mod_proxy", # "mod_simple_vhost", # "mod_evhost", # "mod_userdir", # "mod_cgi", # "mod_compress", # "mod_ssi", # "mod_usertrack", # "mod_expire", # "mod_secdownload", # "mod_rrdtool", "mod_accesslog" ) ## A static document-root. For virtual hosting take a look at the ## mod_simple_vhost module. server.document-root = "/srv/www/htdocs/" ## where to send error-messages to server.errorlog = "/var/log/lighttpd/error.log" # files to check for if .../ is requested index-file.names = ( "index.php", "index.html", "index.htm", "default.htm" ) ## set the event-handler (read the performance section in the manual) # server.event-handler = "freebsd-kqueue" # needed on OS X # mimetype mapping mimetype.assign = ( ".pdf" => "application/pdf", ".sig" => "application/pgp-signature", ".spl" => "application/futuresplash", ".class" => "application/octet-stream", ".ps" => "application/postscript", ".torrent" => "application/x-bittorrent", ".dvi" => "application/x-dvi", ".gz" => "application/x-gzip", ".pac" => "application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig", ".swf" => "application/x-shockwave-flash", ".tar.gz" => "application/x-tgz", ".tgz" => "application/x-tgz", ".tar" => "application/x-tar", ".zip" => "application/zip", ".mp3" => "audio/mpeg", ".m3u" => "audio/x-mpegurl", ".wma" => "audio/x-ms-wma", ".wax" => "audio/x-ms-wax", ".ogg" => "application/ogg", ".wav" => "audio/x-wav", ".gif" => "image/gif", ".jar" => "application/x-java-archive", ".jpg" => "image/jpeg", ".jpeg" => "image/jpeg", ".png" => "image/png", ".xbm" => "image/x-xbitmap", ".xpm" => "image/x-xpixmap", ".xwd" => "image/x-xwindowdump", ".css" => "text/css", ".html" => "text/html", ".htm" => "text/html", ".js" => "text/javascript", ".asc" => "text/plain", ".c" => "text/plain", ".cpp" => "text/plain", ".log" => "text/plain", ".conf" => "text/plain", ".text" => "text/plain", ".txt" => "text/plain", ".dtd" => "text/xml", ".xml" => "text/xml", ".mpeg" => "video/mpeg", ".mpg" => "video/mpeg", ".mov" => "video/quicktime", ".qt" => "video/quicktime", ".avi" => "video/x-msvideo", ".asf" => "video/x-ms-asf", ".asx" => "video/x-ms-asf", ".wmv" => "video/x-ms-wmv", ".bz2" => "application/x-bzip", ".tbz" => "application/x-bzip-compressed-tar", ".tar.bz2" => "application/x-bzip-compressed-tar", # default mime type "" => "application/octet-stream", ) # Use the "Content-Type" extended attribute to obtain mime type if possible #mimetype.use-xattr = "enable" ## send a different Server: header ## be nice and keep it at lighttpd # server.tag = "lighttpd" #### accesslog module accesslog.filename = "/var/log/lighttpd/access.log" ## deny access the file-extensions # # ~ is for backupfiles from vi, emacs, joe, ... # .inc is often used for code includes which should in general not be part # of the document-root url.access-deny = ( "~", ".inc" ) $HTTP["url"] =~ "\.pdf$" { server.range-requests = "disable" } ## # which extensions should not be handle via static-file transfer # # .php, .pl, .fcgi are most often handled by mod_fastcgi or mod_cgi static-file.exclude-extensions = ( ".php", ".pl", ".fcgi" ) ######### Options that are good to be but not neccesary to be changed ####### ## bind to port (default: 80) server.port = 9090 ## bind to localhost (default: all interfaces) server.bind = "127.0.0.1" ## error-handler for status 404 #server.error-handler-404 = "/error-handler.html" #server.error-handler-404 = "/error-handler.php" ## to help the rc.scripts #server.pid-file = "/var/run/lighttpd.pid" ###### virtual hosts ## ## If you want name-based virtual hosting add the next three settings and load ## mod_simple_vhost ## ## document-root = ## virtual-server-root + virtual-server-default-host + virtual-server-docroot ## or ## virtual-server-root + http-host + virtual-server-docroot ## #simple-vhost.server-root = "/srv/www/vhosts/" #simple-vhost.default-host = "www.example.org" #simple-vhost.document-root = "/htdocs/" ## ## Format: <errorfile-prefix><status-code>.html ## -> ..../status-404.html for 'File not found' #server.errorfile-prefix = "/usr/share/lighttpd/errors/status-" #server.errorfile-prefix = "/srv/www/errors/status-" ## virtual directory listings #dir-listing.activate = "enable" ## select encoding for directory listings #dir-listing.encoding = "utf-8" ## enable debugging #debug.log-request-header = "enable" #debug.log-response-header = "enable" #debug.log-request-handling = "enable" #debug.log-file-not-found = "enable" ### only root can use these options # # chroot() to directory (default: no chroot() ) #server.chroot = "/" ## change uid to <uid> (default: don't care) #server.username = "wwwrun" ## change uid to <uid> (default: don't care) #server.groupname = "wwwrun" #### compress module #compress.cache-dir = "/var/cache/lighttpd/compress/" #compress.filetype = ("text/plain", "text/html") #### proxy module ## read proxy.txt for more info #proxy.server = ( ".php" => # ( "localhost" => # ( # "host" => "192.168.0.101", # "port" => 80 # ) # ) # ) #### fastcgi module fastcgi.server = ( "/fastcgi_scripts/" => (( "host" => "127.0.0.1", "port" => 1026, "check-local" => "disable", "bin-path" => "/usr/local/bin/cgi-fcgi", #"docroot" => "/" # remote server may use # it's own docroot )) ) ## read fastcgi.txt for more info ## for PHP don't forget to set cgi.fix_pathinfo = 1 in the php.ini #fastcgi.server = ( ".php" => # ( "localhost" => # ( # "socket" => "/var/run/lighttpd/php-fastcgi.s ocket", # "bin-path" => "/usr/local/bin/php-cgi" # ) # ) # ) #### CGI module #cgi.assign = ( ".pl" => "/usr/bin/perl", # ".cgi" => "/usr/bin/perl" ) # #### SSL engine #ssl.engine = "enable" #ssl.pemfile = "/etc/ssl/private/lighttpd.pem" #### status module #status.status-url = "/server-status" #status.config-url = "/server-config" #### auth module ## read authentication.txt for more info #auth.backend = "plain" #auth.backend.plain.userfile = "lighttpd.user" #auth.backend.plain.groupfile = "lighttpd.group" #auth.backend.ldap.hostname = "localhost" #auth.backend.ldap.base-dn = "dc=my-domain,dc=com" #auth.backend.ldap.filter = "(uid=$)" #auth.require = ( "/server-status" => # ( # "method" => "digest", # "realm" => "download archiv", # "require" => "user=jan" # ), # "/server-config" => # ( # "method" => "digest", # "realm" => "download archiv", # "require" => "valid-user" # ) # ) #### url handling modules (rewrite, redirect, access) #url.rewrite = ( "^/$" => "/server-status" ) #url.redirect = ( "^/wishlist/(.+)" => "http://www.123.org/$1" ) #### both rewrite/redirect support back reference to regex conditional using %n #$HTTP["host"] =~ "^www\.(.*)" { # url.redirect = ( "^/(.*)" => "http://%1/$1" ) #} # # define a pattern for the host url finding # %% => % sign # %0 => domain name + tld # %1 => tld # %2 => domain name without tld # %3 => subdomain 1 name # %4 => subdomain 2 name # #evhost.path-pattern = "/srv/www/vhosts/%3/htdocs/" #### expire module #expire.url = ( "/buggy/" => "access 2 hours", "/asdhas/" => "ac cess plus 1 seconds 2 minutes") #### ssi #ssi.extension = ( ".shtml" ) #### rrdtool #rrdtool.binary = "/usr/bin/rrdtool" #rrdtool.db-name = "/var/lib/lighttpd/lighttpd.rrd" #### setenv #setenv.add-request-header = ( "TRAV_ENV" => "mysql://user@host/db" ) #setenv.add-response-header = ( "X-Secret-Message" => "42" ) ## for mod_trigger_b4_dl # trigger-before-download.gdbm-filename = "/var/lib/lighttpd/trigger.db" # trigger-before-download.memcache-hosts = ( "127.0.0.1:11211" ) # trigger-before-download.trigger-url = "^/trigger/" # trigger-before-download.download-url = "^/download/" # trigger-before-download.deny-url = "http://127.0.0.1/index.html" # trigger-before-download.trigger-timeout = 10 #### variable usage: ## variable name without "." is auto prefixed by "var." and becomes "var.bar" #bar = 1 #var.mystring = "foo" ## integer add #bar += 1 ## string concat, with integer cast as string, result: "www.foo1.com" #server.name = "www." + mystring + var.bar + ".com" ## array merge #index-file.names = (foo + ".php") + index-file.names #index-file.names += (foo + ".php") #### include #include /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd-inc.conf ## same as above if you run: "lighttpd -f /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf" #include "lighttpd-inc.conf" #### include_shell #include_shell "echo var.a=1" ## the above is same as: #var.a=1 Thank you for your help.

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  • Remote server security: handling compiler tools

    - by Gonzolas
    Hello! I was wondering wether to remove compiler tools (gcc, make, ...) from a remote production server, mainly for security purposes. Background: The server runs a web application on Linux. Consider Apache jailed. Otherwise, only OpenSSHd faces the public network. Of course there is no compiler stuff within the jail, so this is about the actual OS outside of any jails. Here's my personal PRO/CON list (regarding removal) so far: PRO: I had been reading some suggestions to remove compiler tools in order inhibit custom building of trojans etc. from within the host if an attacker attains unpriviliged user permissions. CON: I can't live without Perl/Python and a trojan/whatever could be written in a scripting language like that, anyway, so why bother about removing gcc et al. at all. There is a need to build new Linux kernels as well as some security tools from source directly on the server, because the server runs in 64-bits mode and (to my understanding) I can't (cross-)compile locally/elsewhere due to lack of another 64-bits hardware system. OK, so here are my questions for you: (a) Is my PRO/CON assessment correct? (b) Do you know of other PROs / CONs to removing all compiler tools? Do they weigh in more? (c) Which binaries should I consider dangerous if the given PRO statement holds? Only gcc, or also make, or what else? Should I remove the enitre software packages them come with? (d) Is it OK to just move those binaries to a root-only accessible directory when they are not needed? Or is there a gain in security if I "scp them in" every time? Thank you!

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  • Best Practical RT, sorting email into queues automatically using procmail

    - by user52095
    I'm trying to get incoming e-mail to automatically go directly into whichever queue/ticket they are related to or create a new one if none exist and the right queue e-mail setup in the web interface is used. I will have too many queues to have two line items within mailgate per queue. A similar issue was discussed here (http://serverfault.com/questions/104779/procmail-pipe-to-program-otherwise-return-error-to-sender), but I thought it best to open a new case instead of tagging on what appeared to be an answer to that person's query. I'm able to send and receive e-mail (via PostFix) to the default rt user and this user successfully accepts all e-mail for the relative domain. I have no idea where the e-mail goes - it's successfully delivered, but it does not update existing tickets (with a Subject line match) and it does not create any new. Here's and example of my ./procmail.log: procmail: [23048] Mon Aug 23 14:26:01 2010 procmail: Assigning "MAILDOMAIN=rt.mydomain.com " procmail: Assigning "RT_MAILGATE=/opt/rt3/bin/rt-mailgate " procmail: Assigning "RT_URL=http://rt.mydomain.com/ " procmail: Assigning "LOGABSTRACT=all " procmail: Skipped " " procmail: Skipped " " procmail: Assigning "LASTFOLDER={ " procmail: Opening "{ " procmail: Acquiring kernel-lock procmail: Notified comsat: "rt@18337:./{ " From [email protected] Mon Aug 23 14:26:01 2010 Subject: RE: [RT.mydomain.com #1] Test Ticket Folder: { 1616 Does the notified comsat portion mean that it notified RT? The contents of my ./procmailrc: #Preliminaries SHELL=/bin/sh #Use the Bourne shell (check your path!) #MAILDIR=${HOME} #First check what your mail directory is! MAILDIR="/var/mail/rt/" LOGFILE="home/rt//procmail.log" LOG="--- Logging ${LOGFILE} for ${LOGNAME}, " VERBOSE=yes MAILDOMAIN="rt.mydomain.com" RT_MAILGATE="/opt/rt3/bin/rt-mailgate" #RT_MAILGATE="/usr/local/bin/rt-mailgate" RT_URL="http://rt.mydomain.com/" LOGABSTRACT=all :0 { # the following line extracts the recipient from Received-headers. # Simply using the To: does not work, as tickets are often created # by sending a CC/BCC to RT TO=`formail -c -xReceived: |grep $MAILDOMAIN |sed -e 's/.*for *<*\(.*\)>* *;.*$/\1/'` QUEUE=`echo $TO| $HOME/get_queue.pl` ACTION=`echo $TO| $HOME/get_action.pl` :0 h b w |/usr/bin/perl $RT_MAILGATE --queue $QUEUE --action $ACTION --url $RT_URL } I know that my get_queue.pl and get_action.pl scripts work, as those have been previously tested. Any help and/or guidance you can give would be greatly appreciated. Nicôle

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  • OpenVPN: ERROR: could not read Auth username from stdin

    - by user56231
    I managed to setup openvpn but now I want to integrate a user/pass authentication method so, even though I haven't added the auth-nocache in the server config, whenever I try to connect it returns with the following message on the client side: ERROR: could not read Auth username from stdin My server.conf file contains basic stuff, everything works up untill I try to implement this for of authentication. mode server dev tun proto tcp port 1194 keepalive 10 120 plugin /usr/lib/openvpn/openvpn-auth-pam.so login client-cert-not-required username-as-common-name auth-user-pass-verify /etc/openvpn/auth.pl via-env ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/dh1024.pem user nobody group nogroup server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 persist-key persist-tun #persist-local-ip status openvpn-status.log verb 3 client-to-client push "redirect-gateway def1" push "dhcp-option DNS 10.8.0.1" log-append /var/log/openvpn comp-lzo I searched all over the net for a solution and all answers seems to be related to the auth-nocache param which I haven't set. The directive auth-user-pass-verify /etc/openvpn/auth.pl via-env points to a script which is executed to perform the authentication. A false authentication should result in a exit 1 while a true one should result with exit 0. For testing, that script auth.pl returns exit 0 no matter what the input is but it seems that the file is not executed before the error raises. auth.pl file contents: #!/usr/bin/perl my $user = $ENV{username}; my $passwd = $ENV{password}; printf("$user : $passwd\n"); exit 0; Any ideas?

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