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• Why does unpartitioned Hitachi HDS5C3020 drive start consuming 50% more power 15 minutes after boot?

  - by Pro Backup

  In a Debian 6.0.6 system there are 74 pieces of 2TB Toshiba DT01ABA200 drives. These drives are identified as Hitachi HDS5C3020BLE630 drives running firmware revision MZ4OAAB0. 64 Drives attached via HP SAS expander cards to an LSI 2008 SAS controller, another 5 drives are connected directly to the mainboard, 4 drives are connected to a Sil based PCI controller and last 1 drive is only powered and has no data cable connected. The controller LSI and Sil card's their onboard BIOS are both disabled and the mpt2sas and sata_sil modules are removed from the Linux debian 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Sep 23 10:07:46 UTC 2012 x86_64 GNU/Linux kernel. The mpt2sas module is loaded after boot using a modprobe command in /etc/rc.local. These 74 drives are not partitioned, neither formatted and also not mounted. The system consumes: with 0 drives: 70.6 - 70.9 Watt (also 15 minutes after boot); with 74 drives: 330 - 360 Watt, just after boot (is equivalent to 3.5 - 3.9W per drive in idle state); with 74 drives: 420 - 466 Watt, each time in the 15th minute of uptime (is equivalent to 4.7 - 5.3W per drive in idle state). The drive specification lists 4.7W as read/write, and 3.3W as idle power consumption. The increased power consumption is most likely on the 5V line, because after roughly 1 minute an "over current protection" (OCP) of the power supply (PSU) shuts down the power. The used PSU is a single rail model with an OCP of 122A on the 12V line and 55A on the 5V line. Regression: It doesn't matter whether the drive its APM value is set to disabled or 1 (maximum power saving). The operating system records no read/write activity in /proc/diskstats. The values there are identical (28 read, 0 write operations) as immediately after the modprobe operation. Can't test what happens when booting into the mainboard it's BIOS - to exclude any OS intervention - because the Super Micro X8SI6-F mainboard running firmware 06/27/12 has a bug that incorrectly reads a +74.0 C CPU sensor temperature as "High" in BIOS mode, and shuts down the power after 1 minute. What might be causing the drive read/write activity on all drives in the 15th minute after boot and how to prevent it from happening?

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• Is it safe to enable forced ASLR via EMET on Windows?

  - by D.W.

  I'd like to enable forced ASLR for all DLLs on Windows. Is this safe? Background: ASLR is an important security mechanism that helps defend against code injection attacks. DLLs can opt into ASLR, and most do, but some DLLs have not opted into ASLR. If a program loads even a single non-ASLRized DLL, then the program doesn't get the benefit/protection of ASLR. This is a problem, because there are a non-trivial number of DLLs that haven't opted into ASLR. For instance, it was recently revealed that Dropbox injects a DLL into a bunch of processes, and the Dropbox DLL doesn't have ASLR turned on, which negates any ASLR protection they otherwise would have had. Unfortunately, there are many other widely used DLLs that haven't opted into ASLR. This is bad for system security. Microsoft provides several ways to turn on ASLR for all DLLs, even ones that haven't opted into ASLR: On Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008, you can enable "Force ASLR" in the registry. On all Windows versions, you can use Microsoft's EMET tool and enable EMET's "Mandatory ASLR" option. These methods are possible because all DLLs are compiled as position-independent code and they can be relocated to a random location even if they haven't opted into ASLR. These options will ensure that ASLR is turned on, even if the developers of the DLL forgot to opt into ASLR. Thus, forcing on ASLR systemwide may help system security. In principle, turning on forced ASLR could potentially break a poorly-written DLL, so there is some risk of breakage. I'm interested in finding out just significant this risk is. I have the suspicion that this kind of breakage might be extremely rare. Here's what I've been able to find: Microsoft has done compatibility testing with several dozen widely used applications. The only one they found where Mandatory ASLR causes problems is Windows Media Player. All the other applications continue working fine. (See pp.39-41 of this document.) I've seen some anecdotal reports that enabling "Mandatory ASLR"/"Force ASLR" is fine and unlikely to cause problems. CERT reports that AMD and ATI video drivers used to crash if you enabled forced ASLR, but their latest drivers have now fixed this problem. They don't show any other drivers with this problem. A forum post from Microsoft shows no other applications with compatibility problems if ASLR is forced on, as of 2011. A user reports that borderlands.exe, a video game by Gearbox Software, crashes if you turn on mandatory ASLR. What else should I know? Is it relatively safe to turn on Force ASLR / Mandatory ASLR systemwide to harden the secuity of my system, or will I be in for a world of pain and broken applications? How significant is the risk of compatibility problems and broken applications?

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• Multicast hostname lookups on OSX

  - by KARASZI István

  I have a problem with hostname lookups on my OSX computer. According to Apple's HK3473 document it says for v10.6: Host names that contain only one label in addition to local, for example "My-Computer.local", are resolved using Multicast DNS (Bonjour) by default. Host names that contain two or more labels in addition to local, for example "server.domain.local", are resolved using a DNS server by default. Which is not true as my testing. If I try to open a connection on my local computer to a remote port: telnet example.domain.local 22 then it will lookup the IP address with multicast DNS next to the A and AAAA lookups. This causes a two seconds lookup timeout on every lookup. Which is a lot! When I try with IPv4 only then it won't use the multicast queries to fetch the remote address just the simple A queries. telnet -4 example.domain.local 22 When I try with IPv6 only: telnet -6 example.domain.local 22 then it will lookup with multicast DNS and AAAA again, and the 2 seconds timeout delay occurs again. I've tried to create a resolver entry to my /etc/resolver/domain.local, and /etc/resolver/local.1, but none of them was working. Is there any way to disable this multicast lookups for the "two or more label addition to local" domains, or simply disable it for the selected subdomain (domain.local)? Thank you! Update #1 Thanks @mralexgray for the scutil --dns command, now I can see my domain in the list, but it's late in the order: DNS configuration resolver #1 domain : adverticum.lan nameserver[0] : 192.168.1.1 order : 200000 resolver #2 domain : local options : mdns timeout : 2 order : 300000 resolver #3 domain : 254.169.in-addr.arpa options : mdns timeout : 2 order : 300200 resolver #4 domain : 8.e.f.ip6.arpa options : mdns timeout : 2 order : 300400 resolver #5 domain : 9.e.f.ip6.arpa options : mdns timeout : 2 order : 300600 resolver #6 domain : a.e.f.ip6.arpa options : mdns timeout : 2 order : 300800 resolver #7 domain : b.e.f.ip6.arpa options : mdns timeout : 2 order : 301000 resolver #8 domain : domain.local nameserver[0] : 192.168.1.1 order : 200001 Maybe it would work if I could move the resolver #8 to the position #2. Update #2 No probably won't work because the local DNS server on 192.168.1.1 answering for domain.local requests and it's before the mDNS (resolver #2). Update #3 I could decrease the mDNS timeout in /System/Library/SystemConfiguration/IPMonitor.bundle/Contents/Info.plist file, which speeds up the lookups a little, but this is not the solution.

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• How to get physical partition name from iSCSI details on Windows?

  - by Barry Kelly

  I've got a piece of software that needs the name of a partition in \Device\Harddisk2\Partition1 style, as shown e.g. in WinObj. I want to get this partition name from details of the iSCSI connection that underlies the partition. The trouble is that disk order is not fixed - depending on what devices are connected and initialized in what order, it can move around. So suppose I have the portal name (DNS of the iSCSI target), target IQN, etc. I'd like to somehow discover which volumes in the system relate to it, in an automated fashion. I can write some PowerShell WMI queries that get somewhat close to the desired info: PS> get-wmiobject -class Win32_DiskPartition NumberOfBlocks : 204800 BootPartition : True Name : Disk #0, Partition #0 PrimaryPartition : True Size : 104857600 Index : 0 ... From the Name here, I think I can fabricate the corresponding name by adding 1 to the partition number: \Device\Harddisk0\Partition1 - Partition0 appears to be a fake partition mapping to the whole disk. But the above doesn't have enough information to map to the underlying physical device, unless I take a guess based on exact size matching. I can get some info on SCSI devices, but it's not helpful in joining things up (iSCSI target is Nexenta/Solaris COMSTAR): PS> get-wmiobject -class Win32_SCSIControllerDevice __GENUS : 2 __CLASS : Win32_SCSIControllerDevice ... Antecedent : \\COBRA\root\cimv2:Win32_SCSIController.DeviceID="ROOT\\ISCSIPRT\\0000" Dependent : \\COBRA\root\cimv2:Win32_PnPEntity.DeviceID="SCSI\\DISK&VEN_NEXENTA&PROD_COMSTAR... Similarly, I can run queries like these: PS> get-wmiobject -namespace ROOT\WMI -class MSiSCSIInitiator_TargetClass PS> get-wmiobject -namespace ROOT\WMI -class MSiSCSIInitiator_PersistentDevices These guys return information relating to my iSCSI target name and the GUID volume name respectively (a volume name like \\?\Volume{guid-goes-here}), but the GUID volume name is no good to me, and there doesn't appear to be a reliable correspondence between the target name and the volume that I can join on. I simply can't find an easy way of getting from an IQN (e.g. iqn.1992-01.com.example:storage:diskarrays-sn-a8675309) to physical partitions mapped from that target. The way I do it by hand? I start Disk Management, and look for a partition of the correct size, verify that its driver says NEXENTA COMSTAR, and look at the disk number. But even this is unreliable if I have multiple iSCSI volumes of the exact same size. Any suggestions?

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• Unextending Sharepoint 2007 Web Application from a zone

  - by dunxd

  When our Sharepoint was migrated from Sharepoint 2003 to Sharepoint 2007 (both fully paid versions), the consultants who carried it out extended each web app into two IIS sites/zones (e.g. the original Web App was http://intranet, then http://newintranet and http://intranet would be created for Sharepoint 2007 - each with its own IIS site). The idea was that during the migration period we would set up DNS to point the old url to SP2003 servers and the new one to SP2007, then once the migration was complete, do a DNS change so the SP2007 would recieve the requests to the http://intranet type URLs. Unfortunately the contractors did not tidy up the application extensions and IIS sites after the migration, and for some time both URLs were in use, resulting in many document links pointing to the http://newintranet type URLs. This means I need to maintain these URLs. Due to a rejig of organisation structure we now need to relocate some Sharepoint sites, and I'd like to use the RDA Collaboration Sharepoint URL Redirector feature. However a limitation of this is that it doesn't work for Web Applications which have been extended into multiple zones. So I have a need to tidy up the situation that our consultants left behind. I think the right thing to do is use the "Remove Sharepoint from IIS Web Site" page in Central Admin to remove the zone for the newintranet type sites, and select the option to also delete the IIS site. That should result in having no IIS sites listening for http://newintranet type URLs. Is this the right procedure? Once I have done that I need to set up Sharepoint to receive requests sent to the http://newintranet type URLs so they will continue to work. I am not sure if I should do this: using Alternative Access Mappings or, by adding a host header to the IIS site or, creating a non Sharepoint IIS site for each http://newintranet type URL, and use IIS redirection to forward the requests to the new URL using variables to pass the path to the Sharepoint site. Does anyone have any thoughts on these options, or any other way of achieving this? Sharepoint 2007 is running on Windows 2003 with IIS6. We don't currently have plans/budget to upgrade to Sharepoint 2010.

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• Plesk Postfix Mail Server 9.5.4 very heavy load, 1000s of processes

  - by Eugene van der Merwe

  Our Plesk Linux Ubuntu 64-bit mail server has extremely high load and we don't know how to isolate it. The load was okay will two weeks ago but in the last two weeks it's seriously deteriorated. The mail server has been running for years and we have had sporadic performance issues. Normally we reduce the load by turning off all SPAM checks until the problem is sorted (which sometimes resolves itself). Currently we have turned of real time block lists, SPF checking and we have attempted to turn off SpamAssassin. No matter what we do the SpamAssassin check box stays ticked in the GUI. Out of desperation we have done /etc/init.d/psa-spamassassin stop. For years we haven't been able to do SpamAssassin because it kills the server. We would like to use it but performance is more important for now. We cannot turn off Greylisting. The moment we turn off Greylisting our help desk is inandated with calls. Out of desperation we investigated truncating the Greylisting database which is now 2.5 GB big but we abandoned this after noticing turning of Greylisting doesn't improve the performance at all. We have no anti-virus. It's just more load and Dr. Web never really worked that well for us. But we'll try that if it will make a difference. We have implemented Postfix Anvil. This seems to have made the situation worse so we disabled it. We’re not sure if this is the case. Our current mail server is configured to forward all SMTP to a relay server. We did so to reduce the load. This helped a lot because outgoing queues are generally empty. We are running in an Expand configuration. The mail server has about 12 000 accounts of which maybe half are active. We have read through this document: http://www.postfix.org/STRESS_README.html but there are too many settings and we don’t know which ones to choose. Please assist urgently. We need advice on how to fix this problem before all our clients abandon is. The only clue we have is that there are 100s of these processes: 30 13205 1 0 13:18 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/plesk-9.0/postfix-queue 127.0.0.1 10027 before-queue 30 13207 1 0 11:38 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/plesk-9.0/postfix-queue 127.0.0.1 10027 before-queue 30 13208 1 0 13:18 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/plesk-9.0/postfix-queue 127.0.0.1 10026 before-remote 30 13209 1 0 11:38 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/plesk-9.0/postfix-queue 127.0.0.1 10026 before-remote 30 13213 1 0 13:18 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/plesk-9.0/postfix-queue 127.0.0.1 10027 before-queue

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• Assign fixed IP address via DHCP by DNS lookup

  - by Janoszen

  Preface I'm building a virtualization environment with Ubuntu 14.04 and LXC. I don't want to write my own template since the upgrade from 12.04 to 14.04 has shown that backwards compatibility is not guaranteed. Therefore I'm deploying my virtual machines via lxc-create, using the default Ubuntu template. The DNS for the servers is provided by Amazon Route 53, so no local DNS server is needed. I also use Puppet to configure my servers, so I want to keep the manual effort on the deployment minimal. Now, the default Ubuntu template assigns IP addresses via DHCP. Therefore, I need a local DHCP server to assign IP addresses to the nodes, so I can SSH into them and get Puppet running. Since Puppet requires a proper DNS setup, assigning temporary IP addresses is not an option, the client needs to get the right hostname and IP address from the start. Question What DHCP server do I use and how do I get it to assign the IP address based only on the host-name DHCP option by performing a DNS lookup on that very host name? What I've tried I tried to make it work using the ISC DHCP server, however, the manual clearly states: Please be aware that only the dhcp-client-identifier option and the hardware address can be used to match a host declaration, or the host-identifier option parameter for DHCPv6 servers. For example, it is not possible to match a host declaration to a host-name option. This is because the host-name option cannot be guaranteed to be unique for any given client, whereas both the hardware address and dhcp-client-identifier option are at least theoretically guaranteed to be unique to a given client. I also tried to create a class that matches the hostname like this: class "my-client-name" { match if option host-name = "my-client-name"; fixed-address my-client-name.my-domain.com; } Unfortunately the fixed-address option is not allowed in class statements. I can replace it with a 1-size pool, which works as expected: subnet 10.103.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 { option routers 10.103.1.1; class "my-client-name" { match if option host-name = "my-client-name"; } pool { allow members of "my-client-name"; range 10.103.1.2 10.103.1.2; } } However, this would require me to administer the IP addresses in two places (Amazon Route53 and the DHCP server), which I would prefer not to do. About security Since this is only used in the bootstrapping phase on an internal network and is then replaced by a static network configuration by Puppet, this shouldn't be an issue from a security standpoint. I am, however, aware that the virtual machine bootstraps with "ubuntu:ubuntu" credentials, which I intend to fix once this is running.

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• Poor performance of single processor 32bit Windows XP xompared SMP in VBA+Excel

  - by Adam Ryczkowski

  Welcome! On many computers I experienced poor performance of 32 bit guests running on 64 bit Linux host (I used only the Debian family). At last I managed to collect benchmark data. I made the benchmark by running custom VBA macro, (which we use in our company) that generates 284 pages long Word document full of Excel Pie charts, tables and comments. The macro is run as a single task (excluding the standard services) on a set of identically configured Windows XP 32-bit systems. I measured the time (in sec.) needed to perform the test. The computer (i.e. my notebook Asus P53E) supports both VT-d extensions and native Windows XP. It has 2-core processor, each core is hyperthreaded, so in total we have 4 mostly independent execution units. I use the latest VirtualBox 4.2 and VMWare Workstation 9.0 for Linux, installed together on the same host (running Mint 13 Maya) but never run simultaneously. The results (in column Time) are no less accurate than ± 10% Here are the results (sorry for the format, but I couldn't find out a better solution for tables in SO): +---------------+-------------+------------------------------------------------------+---------+------------+----------------+------+ | Host software | # processor | Windows kernel | IO APIC | VT-x/AMD-V | 2D Video Accel | Time | +---------------+-------------+------------------------------------------------------+---------+------------+----------------+------+ | VirtualBox | 1 | Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) PC | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1139 | | VirtualBox | 1 | Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) PC | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1050 | | VirtualBox | 1 | Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) PC | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1644 | | VirtualBox | 4 | ACPI Multiprocessor PC | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6809 | | VMWare | 1 | ACPI Uniprocessor PC | | 1 | 1 | 1175 | | VMWare | 4 | ACPI Multiprocessor PC | | 1 | 1 | 3412 | | Native | 4 | ACPI Multiprocessor PC | | | | 1693 | | Native | 1 | Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) PC | | | | 1170 | +---------------+-------------+------------------------------------------------------+---------+------------+----------------+------+ Here are the striking conclusions: Although I've read in the VirtualBox fora about abysmal performance with 32-bit guest on 64-bit host, VMWare also has problems compared to native run, still being twice faster(!) than VBox. Although VBA is inherently single-threaded, the Excel calculations, which take much more than a half of total computation time, supposedly aren't. So one would expect some speed gain when running on 2+ cores ("+" for hyperthreading). What we see is a speed loss. And quite big one too. For the VirtualBox the VT-d extension isn't a big deal. Can anyone shed some light on why the singlethreaded Windows kernel is so much faster than the SMP one?

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• Mixed sessions with Classic ASP on IIS 7.5 and Windows 2008 R2 64 bit

  - by Marcin

  Recently had an issues with a server upgrade from IIS 6 on Windows 2003 to IIS 7.5 on Windows 2008 R2 64 bit. We have a number of websites running on Classic ASP. All the sites sit under a particular site, e.g. www.example.com/foo and www.example.com/foobar. On IIS 6 each site was set up as a virtual directory and things worked fine. Since moving to the new set up, a lot of websites seem to have mixed Sessions. To be clear, this is not a app pool recycling issue; rather the sessions are populated with information when the user hits the site and while browsing they get sessions from different sites. We've determined this based on - a few customers called up and reported having their shopping cart with items with names of items belonging to a different site - also our own testing showed that some queries being run would try to bring products in from a different site We've tried - disabling dynamic caching - converting each site to be a virtual application (if I understand correctly, the virtual directory/application concepts were changed/refined somewhat in IIS 7 although to be honest, I'm not clear what the difference is) - various application pool changes (using .NET 2 framework), classic and integrated modes, changing the Process model to NetworkIdentity), all to no avail. The only thing we haven't tried is changing it to run as a 32 bit application. We're not using http only cookies, so when I open up a browser and type document.cookie into the dev console in Firefox/Chrome/IE that there will be multiple ASPSESSIONID=... values whereas previously I believe there was only one. Finally, we use server side JScript for the classic ASP pages, not VBScript, so we have code similar to the below. //the user's login account as a jscript object Session("user") = { email : "[email protected]", id : 123 }; and if we execute a line of code like below: Response.Write( typeof(Session("user")) ); When things are running correctly, we get "object" - as expected. When the Session gets trashed, the output is "unknown" and we are also unable to access the fields within the JScript object (e.g. the .email or .id fields). Much appreciated if anyone can provide any pointers about how to resolve this, everything on google seems to point to different issues.

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• Force caching of handler output which actively resists caching

  - by deceze

  I'm trying to force caching of a very obnoxious piece of PHP script which actively tries to resist caching for no good reason by actively setting all the anti-cache headers: Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Date: Thu, 22 May 2014 08:43:53 GMT Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT Last-Modified: Pragma: no-cache Set-Cookie: ECSESSID=...; path=/ Vary: User-Agent,Accept-Encoding Server: Apache/2.4.6 (Ubuntu) X-Powered-By: PHP/5.5.3-1ubuntu2.3 If at all avoidable I do not want to have to modify this 3rd party piece of code at all and instead just get Apache to cache the page for a while. I'm doing this very selectively to only very specific pages which have no real impact on session cookies or the like, i.e. which do not contain any personalised information. CacheDefaultExpire 600 CacheMinExpire 600 CacheMaxExpire 1800 CacheHeader On CacheDetailHeader On CacheIgnoreHeaders Set-Cookie CacheIgnoreCacheControl On CacheIgnoreNoLastMod On CacheStoreExpired On CacheStoreNoStore On CacheLock On CacheEnable disk /the/script.php Apache is caching the page alright: [cache:debug] AH00698: cache: Key for entity /the/script.php?(null) is http://example.com:80/the/script.php? [cache_disk:debug] AH00709: Recalled cached URL info header http://example.com:80/the/script.php? [cache_disk:debug] AH00720: Recalled headers for URL http://example.com:80/the/script.php? [cache:debug] AH00695: Cached response for /the/script.php isn't fresh. Adding conditional request headers. [cache:debug] AH00750: Adding CACHE_SAVE filter for /the/script.php [cache:debug] AH00751: Adding CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter for /the/script.php [cache:debug] AH00769: cache: Caching url: /the/script.php [cache:debug] AH00770: cache: Removing CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter. [cache_disk:debug] AH00737: commit_entity: Headers and body for URL http://example.com:80/the/script.php? cached. However, it is always insisting that the "cached response isn't fresh" and is never serving the cached version. I guess this has to do with the Expires header, which marks the document as expired (but I don't know whether that's the correct assumption). I've tried to overwrite and unset headers using mod_headers, but this doesn't help; whatever combination I try the cache is not impressed at all. I'm guessing that the order of operation is wrong, and headers are being rewritten after the cache sees them. early header processing doesn't help either. I've experimented with CacheQuickHandler Off and trying to set explicit filter chains, but nothing is helping. But I'm really mostly poking in the dark, as I do not have a lot of experience with configuring Apache filter chains. Is there a straight forward solution for how to cache this obnoxious piece of code?

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• How to setup ssh's umask for all type of connections

  - by Unode

  I've been searching for a way to setup OpenSSH's umask to 0027 in a consistent way across all connection types. By connection types I'm referring to: sftp scp ssh hostname ssh hostname program The difference between 3. and 4. is that the former starts a shell which usually reads the /etc/profile information while the latter doesn't. In addition by reading this post I've became aware of the -u option that is present in newer versions of OpenSSH. However this doesn't work. I must also add that /etc/profile now includes umask 0027. Going point by point: sftp - Setting -u 0027 in sshd_config as mentioned here, is not enough. If I don't set this parameter, sftp uses by default umask 0022. This means that if I have the two files: -rwxrwxrwx 1 user user 0 2011-01-29 02:04 execute -rw-rw-rw- 1 user user 0 2011-01-29 02:04 read-write When I use sftp to put them in the destination machine I actually get: -rwxr-xr-x 1 user user 0 2011-01-29 02:04 execute -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 2011-01-29 02:04 read-write However when I set -u 0027 on sshd_config of the destination machine I actually get: -rwxr--r-- 1 user user 0 2011-01-29 02:04 execute -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 0 2011-01-29 02:04 read-write which is not expected, since it should actually be: -rwxr-x--- 1 user user 0 2011-01-29 02:04 execute -rw-r----- 1 user user 0 2011-01-29 02:04 read-write Anyone understands why this happens? scp - Independently of what is setup for sftp, permissions are always umask 0022. I currently have no idea how to alter this. ssh hostname - no problem here since the shell reads /etc/profile by default which means umask 0027 in the current setup. ssh hostname program - same situation as scp. In sum, setting umask on sftp alters the result but not as it should, ssh hostname works as expected reading /etc/profile and both scp and ssh hostname program seem to have umask 0022 hardcoded somewhere. Any insight on any of the above points is welcome. EDIT: I would like to avoid patches that require manually compiling openssh. The system is running Ubuntu Server 10.04.01 (lucid) LTS with openssh packages from maverick. Answer: As indicated by poige, using pam_umask did the trick. The exact changes were: Lines added to /etc/pam.d/sshd: # Setting UMASK for all ssh based connections (ssh, sftp, scp) session optional pam_umask.so umask=0027 Also, in order to affect all login shells regardless of if they source /etc/profile or not, the same lines were also added to /etc/pam.d/login. EDIT: After some of the comments I retested this issue. At least in Ubuntu (where I tested) it seems that if the user has a different umask set in their shell's init files (.bashrc, .zshrc,...), the PAM umask is ignored and the user defined umask used instead. Changes in /etc/profile did't affect the outcome unless the user explicitly sources those changes in the init files. It is unclear at this point if this behavior happens in all distros.

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• Should use EXT4 or XFS to be able to 'sync'/backup to S3?

  - by Rafa

  It's my first message here, so bear with me... (I have already checked quite a few of the "Related Questions" suggested by the editor) Here's the setup, a brand new dedicated server (8GB RAM, some 140+ GB disk, Raid 1 via HW controller, 15000 RPM) it's a production web server (with MySQL in it, too, not just serving web requests); not a personal desktop computer or similar. Ubuntu Server 64bit 10.04 LTS We have an Amazon EC2+EBS setup with the EBS volume formatted as XFS for easily taking snapshots to S3, via AWS' console. We are now migrating to the dedicated server and I want to be able to backup our data to Amazon's S3. The main reason being the possibility of using the latest snapshot from an EC2 instance in case of hardware failure on the dedicated server. There are two approaches I am thinking of: do a "simple" file-based backup with rsync, dumping the database' and other files, and uploading to amazon via S3 API commands, or to an EC2 instance, or something. do a file-system "freeze" (using XFS) with the usual ebs/ec2 snapshot tool to take part of the file system, take a snapshot, and upload it to Amazon. Here's my question (or series of questions): Can I safely use XFS for the whole system as the main and only format on the dedicated server? If not, is it safe to use EXT4? Or should I use something else? would then be possible to make snapshots of the system to upload to Amazon? Is it possible/feasible/practical to do what I want to do, anyway? any recommendations? When searching around for S3/EBS/XFS, anything relevant to my problem is usually focused on taking snapshots of a XFS system that is already an EBS volume. My intention is to do it in a "real"/metal dedicated server. Update: I just saw this on Wikipedia: XFS does not provide direct support for snapshots, as it expects the snapshot process to be implemented by the volume manager. I had always assumed that I could choose 2 ways of doing snapshots: via LVM or via XFS (without LVM). After reading this, I realize these 2 options are more like it: With XFS: 1) do xfs_freeze; 2) copy the frozen files via, eg, rsync; 3) unfreeze xfs With LVM and XFS: 1) do xfs_freeze; 2) make a binary copy of the frozen fs via lvcreate and related commands; 3) unfreeze xfs; 4) somehow backup the LVM snapshot. Thanks a lot in advance, Let me know if I need to clarify something.

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• VIM "upgraded" to expandtab and tabstop=8 on Python files

  - by dotancohen

  After reinstalling my OS from Kubuntu 12.10 to Kubuntu 14.04, VIM has changed its behaviour when editing Python files. Though before the reinstall all file types had noexpandtab and tabstop=4 set, now in Python those values are expandtab and tabstop=8, checked also via VIM behaviour and also via asking VIM set foo?. Non-Python files retain the noexpandtab and tabstop=4 behaviour that I prefer. The .vim direcotry and .vimrc were not touched during the reinstall. It can be seen that no files in .vimrc have been touched in months (with the exception of the irrelevant .netrwhist): - bruno():~$ ls -lat ~/.vim total 68 drwxr-xr-x 85 dotancohen dotancohen 12288 Aug 25 13:00 .. drwxr-xr-x 12 dotancohen dotancohen 4096 Aug 21 11:11 . -rw-r--r-- 1 dotancohen dotancohen 268 Aug 21 11:11 .netrwhist drwxr-xr-x 2 dotancohen dotancohen 4096 Mar 6 18:31 plugin drwxr-xr-x 2 dotancohen dotancohen 4096 Mar 6 18:31 doc drwxrwxr-x 2 dotancohen dotancohen 4096 Nov 29 2013 syntax drwxrwxr-x 2 dotancohen dotancohen 4096 Nov 29 2013 ftplugin drwxr-xr-x 4 dotancohen dotancohen 4096 Nov 29 2013 autoload drwxrwxr-x 5 dotancohen dotancohen 4096 May 27 2013 after drwxr-xr-x 2 dotancohen dotancohen 4096 Nov 1 2012 spell -rw------- 1 dotancohen dotancohen 138 Aug 14 2012 .directory -rw-rw-r-- 1 dotancohen dotancohen 190 Jul 3 2012 .VimballRecord drwxrwxr-x 2 dotancohen dotancohen 4096 May 12 2012 colors drwxrwxr-x 2 dotancohen dotancohen 4096 Mar 16 2012 mytags drwxrwxr-x 2 dotancohen dotancohen 4096 Feb 14 2012 keymap Though .vimrc has been touched since the reinstall, it was only me testing to see where the problem is. How can I tell what is settingexpandtab and tabstop? Side note: I'm not even sure what I should read in the built-in help for this issue. I started with ":h plugin" but that did not help other than showing me that the following plugins are loaded (possibly relevant): standard-plugin-list Standard plugins pi_getscript.txt Downloading latest version of Vim scripts pi_gzip.txt Reading and writing compressed files pi_netrw.txt Reading and writing files over a network pi_paren.txt Highlight matching parens pi_tar.txt Tar file explorer pi_vimball.txt Create a self-installing Vim script pi_zip.txt Zip archive explorer LOCAL ADDITIONS: local-additions DynamicSigns.txt - Using Signs for different things NrrwRgn.txt A Narrow Region Plugin (similar to Emacs) fugitive.txt A Git wrapper so awesome, it should be illegal indent-object.txt Text objects based on indent levels. taglist.txt Plugin for browsing source code vimwiki.txt A Personal Wiki for Vim

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• Loss of wireless network connectivity when playing video via HDMI cable

  - by Jeff Fohl

  Hi Folks - New to Super User, so I hope this question fits in with the guidelines. Very strange problem I am having, and I am at a loss as to how to continue troubleshooting this one. The basic problem is that when I attempt to watch streamed video on a particular display device (an Optoma HD180 projector), my network connectivity drops like a stone to barely measurable levels. This is my setup: I have a Dell H2C 730x running Windows 7 64bit. This particular computer has two ATI Radeon HD 4800 video cards. I have two Samsung 22" monitors connected to one card, and an Optoma HD180 digital projector connected to the other card via an HDMI cable. My internet connection is normally a reliable 6Mbps. The problem I am having occurs when I stream video (or even just browse the web) on the Optoma Projector. When I do this, my internet connection drops to practically zero (just a few kilobits per second). When I move the browser away from the projector, and over to one of my Samsung monitors, the internet connection comes right back. Note that the Optoma projector is on and enabled as a third monitor all this time. I can move the mouse around on the projector without triggering the problem. I tried pinging my router when I was playing a movie on one of the monitors, and I get a 1 millisecond response. However, when I have the movie playing on the Optoma projecter, pinging the router gives me response times in the hundreds of milliseconds, or times out completely. So, it clearly is something local to my machine - and not some sort of throttling occurring down the line. I would think that it is possibly something to do with the HDMI driver conflicting somehow with my network driver (which is a USB-based wireless connection). This one has me really stumped. Anyone have any ideas? EDIT: I am now leaning towards the possibility that the HDMI cable is somehow interfering with the wireless network, when large amounts of data are being pushed through the cable. Is this possible?

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• Some questions regarding Hostname

  - by user481913

  I just bought a new VPS hosting plan and i have a few questions. Hope someone here can clear the doubts for me. 1) Is it necessary to have a real domain for a vps hostname? I suppose i can just use a non-real domain like anydomain.com and something like 'server' for the computer name. Therefore i'll end up with something like server.anydomain.com as the vps's hostname. I want to do this for the sake of putting in a hostname to configure the vps to get it going . So, since this non-real domain name does not need to be publicly accessible i don't need to register or own it and instead access the server by the ip address. Is that correct? But i suppose that this also depends upon if my web host allows that? 2)I would also like to run some real sites with real domain names on this vps, so can i just configure the zone file on the primary nameserver and make entries for these domains and point an A record at the Vps's IP to make them publicly accessible over the internet? For example for my 1st domain i could make an entry like this: $TTL 86400 mydomain1.com. IN SOA ns1.mywebhost.com. \ admin.mydomain1.com. ( 2004011522 ; Serial no., based on date 21600 ; Refresh after 6 hours 3600 ; Retry after 1 hour 604800 ; Expire after 7 days 3600 ; Minimum TTL of 1 hour ) server IN A 200._._._ ns1.mywebhost.com. IN A 216._._._ ns2.mywebhost.com. IN A 205._._._ @ IN NS ns1.mywebhost.com. @ IN NS ns2.mywebhost.com. @ IN MX 10 server www IN CNAME server server IN CNAME @ (so this particular line tells the nameserver to point the url mydomain1.com to server.anydomain.com at the particular ip addresss in the A record.... is that right?) Similarly for my 2nd domain i could have a similar entry : $TTL 86400 mydomain2.com. IN SOA ns1.mywebhost.com. \ admin.mydomain2.com. (..... ............................so on........ ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... Is that correct? 3) Suppose for my vps hostname, i ignorantly chose a domain that someone else alreadys owns , however i think that it won't affect the public accessibility of the real domain or website since only the real owner of the domain has the rights to provide for the nameservers addresses in the TLD registeries through his Domian Registerar? Is that correct? 4)Can i change my vps's hostname later? Would this create any complications?

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• Upgrading php from php 5.3 to 5.4 .7

  - by Takingsides

  So, quickly so to speak I have noticed this topic around, I have searched and there are plenty of solutions. However these solutions do not work for me, not only that but I'm intending to learn more about the Debian based OS. Questions I would like to know how to upgrade php5.3 to php 5.4.7 compiling it from source, myself without using a third-party ppa. Is the way (explained below) the correct way of configuring php5.4? I'm new to compiling from source. Set-up I run Ubuntu Server 12.04 64bit. I've currently got: PHP 5.3 MySQL-Server Apache2 Memcached The Problem So I initially installed php5.3 using apt-get. I now wish to upgrade the php 5.4 due to the advantage of traits in OOP and the struct with Arrays and all the other recent patches and such. Possible Solutions I've seen this ondrej/ppa repository, which I refuse to use, given the fact that it may work, but it's an unknown/untrusted source. ALso, i'm not learning how to administer from source, using configure, make and install accordingly. I've seen a solution compiling from source, which is essentially how I was hoping to go about it with some guidance. Conclusion So I didn't just expect to be spoon-fed, and I went out and did some manual reading and atleast started the ball rolling myself; this how far i've got. The first thing I did was su into root (to save the typing sudo all the darn time). $ sudo su The next thing I did was download the latest version of php (5.4.7) and extracted it's contents ready to configure before installing it. $ mkdir php5-new && cd !$ $ wget -O php-5.4.7.tar.bz2 http://php.net/get/php-5.4.7.tar.bz2/from/uk3.php.net/mirror $ bzip2 -d php-5.4.7.tar.bz2 $ tar xvf php-5.4.7.tar.gz $ cd php-5.4.7 $ ./configure --help Finally I decided to have a bash, I looked through the list of options and decided I needed to list ALL of the things I wanted to include in the configuration. $ ./configure --with-mysql --with-apache2 --with-libxml --with-openssl --with-zlib --with-bz2 --with-curl --with-dom --with-gd --with-imap --with-imap-ssl --with-mcrypt --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --with-libxml --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-soap Finally, the results... When the configuration process had finished, it threw an error: configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.

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• Moving from VPS to Cloud

  - by GRIGORE-TURBODISEL

  ...and I have a few questions. I'm basically working on a MySQL+PHP based webapp. Since I don't have on-demand scaling with VPS, I'm planning to move from VPS to Cloud when I hit the 1000 subscribers barrier. I'm looking at Windows Azure but I'm ok with other suggestions. So here are my questions: Will it really cost me a kidney? Every subscriber needs to download around 4-5MB of static resources each day. Bandwidth is free on the VPS but here I see costs can easily get to $800.00/mo; this makes me very insecure about the whole thing, I mean VPS is just $2,000/yr. Do I need another VM or is PHP included in the Web Sites? I have basic sysadmin skills, I think I can handle setting up a PHP install, but will I have to do this? If yes, what other service do I need to setup manually? What about Memcached, MySQL, etc? What security protections does it include? For example I have some basic protection included, like directory traversals and executable files upload; I also have CloudFlare on my other websites for DDoS protection; will I need to do the same thing here too, can it even be installed, can I edit my DNS records, etc? How are e-mails, subdomains, add-on domains, parked domains, etc. handled? I haven't seen any references to e-mail boxes. On the VPS I simply add them from cPanel ([email protected] / whatever.mysite.com / ...); do I have a similar management interface here? Do I get SSH access? Or at least FTP, remote MySQL access and maybe some incremental back-ups or something? Can I see my quotas and advanced traffic info? I must mention that I really like the idea of the whole "cloud" concept, the added reliability and everything but I really need maybe a parallel to regular hosting or something so I know what to expect.

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• sub domains with /etc/hosts and apache for gitorious

  - by QLands

  I managed to have a local install of Gitorious. Now I need to finalize the apache integration using a virtual server but nothing seems to work. See for example my /etc/hosts file: 127.0.0.1 localhost 172.26.17.70 darkstar.ilri.org darkstar 172.26.17.70 git.darkstar.ilri.org My vhosts.conf has the following entries: # # Use name-based virtual hosting. # NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> <Directory /srv/httpd/htdocs> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ServerName darkstar.ilri.org DocumentRoot /srv/httpd/htdocs ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/error_log AddHandler cgi-script .cgi </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> <Directory /srv/httpd/git.darkstar.ilri.org/gitorious/public> Options FollowSymLinks ExecCGI AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from All </Directory> AddHandler cgi-script .cgi DocumentRoot /srv/httpd/git.darkstar.ilri.org/gitorious/public ServerName git.darkstar.ilri.org ErrorLog /var/www/git.darkstar.ilri.org/log/error.log CustomLog /var/www/git.darkstar.ilri.org/log/access.log combined AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xml text/javascript text/css application/x-javascript BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4\.0[678] no-gzip BrowserMatch \bMSIE !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html <FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|flv|jpg|jpeg|png|gif|js|css|swf)$"> ExpiresActive On ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 year" </FilesMatch> FileETag None RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/system/maintenance.html -f RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !maintenance.html RewriteRule ^.*$ /system/maintenance.html [L] </VirtualHost> Now, when I go with Firefox to darkstar.ilri.org it shows the default Apache screen: "It works!". but when I go to git.darkstar.ilri.org it waits for few seconds then falls to darkstar.ilri.org and the default apache page. No error is reported. If I run httpd -S I get: VirtualHost configuration: wildcard NameVirtualHosts and _default_ servers: *:80 is a NameVirtualHost default server darkstar.ilri.org (/etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:21) port 80 namevhost darkstar.ilri.org (/etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:21) port 80 namevhost git.darkstar.ilri.org (/etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:37) Syntax OK The funny thing is that if I configure gotirious in a host called gitrepository, add 127.0.0.1 gitrepository and go with Firefox to gitrepository.. Gitorious works... But why not with git.darkstar.ilri.org? Many thanks in advance.

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• Deployment/provisioning tool for commercial applications (not developed in-house)

  - by mfinni

  I help manage a few hosted commercial applications, and we have a lot of manual processes involved when doing new customer-instance deployments into the shared (multitenant) environment. Allow me to describe the most relevant features, and then we can talk about the tools. We have an application on AIX, that requires dozens of changes to config files (some plain text, some XML) as well as a good number of commands to be run on multiple servers - some to start the new instance, some to restart our shared authentication and reporting engines, etc. The config changes follow templates, of course. The servers in question will also depend on the initial conditions specified by the implementer/deployer - we may choose to deploy a given customer to our servers in Europe, or one set of servers may be active-active whereas a different set of servers is active-passive - in short, there's a lot of complications. We have another application that run on IIS 6 and SQL. The DBAs don't want any automation of the SQL components and that's fine with me, but automating the IIS bit would be great. For a new customer instance, we make a filesystem copy of a template Virtual Directory target named after the new customer, make a new AppPool to match, edit a VirDir template .xml file to replace the filepaths and AppPool names with the new ones, and then make a new VirDir from the modified template XML to point to the new filesystem folder and app pool. For the first case, something like ControlTier or Chef might be good. For the second, the new(ish) Web Deploy from MS would probably do a good job. Has anyone used these tools or others to do something similar for applications? More of a nice-to-have, not a fixed requirement - Has anyone used anything that works on both platforms? I'm looking for something free, because the official word is that within a year, we will have whatever HP has renamed the OpsWare suite, which should be able to do stuff like this. Edit - based on someone's suggestion, looking at CFengine for the AIX application, it doesn't seem to address my pain. The problem isn't keeping a given config synced across dozens of servers, we have rsync for that. The problem is that onboarding a new customer instance touches dozens of files, putting pieces of the same or similar information into them - some are new stanzas in existing files, some are new files, and some are new directories. This is a several-hours-long process that is also error-prone because it's mostly done by hand. I guess I'm looking for config-file generation and management. I have built a small Perl script to do something similar for a much smaller case - it binds a CSV file into variables, and then does a copy-and-search-and-replace from a set of template config files. I could probably do the same here.

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• Scaling a video processing application on EC2?

  - by Stpn

  I am approaching the need to scale a video-processign application that runs on EC2. So far the setup is one machine: Backbonejs frontend Rails 3.2 Postgresql Resque + S3 for storage The flow of the app is as follows: 1) Request from frontend. Upload a video. 2) Storing video 3) Quering external APIs. 4) Processing / encoding videos. 5) Post to frontend. I can separate the backend and frontend without any problems, but when it comes to distributing the backend between several servers I am a bit puzzled. I can probably come up with a temporary solution (like just duplicating apps making several instances), but since I don't really have expertise in backend system administration, there can be some fundamental mistakes.. Also I would rather have something that is scalable. I wonder if anyone can give some feedback on the following plan: A) Frontend machine. Just frontend, talks to backend via REST Api of sorts. B) Backend server (BS), main database. Gets request from 1), posts to 2) saves uploads to 3) C) S3 storage. D) Server for quering APIs. Basically just a Resque workers, that post info back to 2) E) Server for video encoding. Processes videos uploaded on 3) and uploads them back. So I will have: A)frontend \ \ B)MAIN_APP/DB ----- C)S3 Storage (Files) / \ / / \ / D)ExternalAPI_queries E)Video_Processing (redundant DB) (redundant DB) All this will supposedly talk to each other via HTTP requests. My reason for this is that Video Processing part is really the most resource-intensive and I would just run barebones application that accepts requests and starts processing them. Questions: 1) In this setup I will have the main database at B) and all other servers will communicate with it via HTTP requests (and store duplicates of databases also I guess..for safety reasons). Is it the right approach or should I have 1 database that everyone connects to (how then?) 2) Is it a good idea to separate API queries from Video Processing part? Logically they are very close (processing is determined by the result of API queries), but resource-wise Video Processing is waaay more intensive. 3) what should I use to distribute calls between backend apps based on load?

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• Can't validate mine, sudo nor root in Debian "Jessie" Gnome anymore?

  - by Janar

  I'm Debian beginner & GUI guy in a bit of trouble? Can't login as sudo/gksu/root/su nor as (main/super)user after removed user password via Gnome-user-settings. History of actions (Probably irrelevant though) Installed Debian "Jessie" GNU/Linux with xFce GUI (en-US) as only OS. HardWare is ThinkPad w510. Skipped root user password in setup, to get sudo for superuser easily. Logged in (as always had) with Gnome (3.4.x), not once with xFCE. (installed Xfce. Installed xFce only to achieve more control (easier management) over packages this way, to set-up gnome much more by mine likes. Added more jessie repros (same ones as in Wheesy stable by default but for Jessie as, Jessie only had repros for security updates by default). Installed lots of gtk(3) & gnome(3) based soft; (- restarted again after this) Installed propietary graphics card driver for mine nvidia quadro. (- restarted once again after that one) Installed more stuff related to mine work/school/devel. The actual problem Had a plan to restart again, but wanted to set up auto-login first, instead set user password to none (don't ask why / perhaps caused by being awake for a looooong time), noticed it, and set also to auto-login, but couldn't undo mine previous mistake to create new password for me. As mine password is set to none I would have expected that simply return in pass prompt for emty password field would do, but it won't authenticate. I tried Alt+F2 "gksu gedit" as well as: sudo wget "https://www.some-page.eu/file.ext" and "su" in terminals, none has applied (quite logical actually - as I'm sudoer and highest ranked super user, besides only user in computer). Current stand Everything worked & still works nice after this accident, besides this password prompts part. To spoked to log-out nor restart. Synaptic package-manager is still open with root rights (only one, that has left open prior to the issue and not closed since, just in case). Goggled for help and read some manuals/faqs/how-tos - mostly lead to sudoers file management, but not found one specifically for mine issue - so still not any smarter. Really hope, that I don't have to redo OS inst all over again, by just one stupid mistake. Thanks for your reply :-)

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• Ubuntu getting wrong hostname from DHCP

  - by sam

  When provisioning new Ubuntu Precise (12.04) servers, the hostname they're getting seems to be generated from the DNS search path, not a reverse lookup on the hostname. Take the following configuration BIND is configured with the hostname, and reverse name Normal zone $TTL 600 $ORIGIN srv.local.net. @ IN SOA ns0.local.net. hostmaster.local.net. ( 2014082101 10800 3600 604800 600 ) @ IN NS ns0.local.net. @ IN MX 5 mail.local.net. my-new-server IN A 10.32.2.30 And reverse @ IN SOA ns0.local.net. hostmaster.local.net. ( 2014082101 10800 3600 604800 600 ) @ IN NS ns0.local.net. $ORIGIN 32.10.in-addr.arpa. 30.2 IN PTR my-new-server.srv.local.net. Then DHCPD is configured to hand out static leases based on mac addresses like so subnet 10.32.2.0 netmask 255.255.254.0 { option subnet-mask 255.255.254.0; option routers 10.32.2.1; option domain-name-servers 10.32.2.1; option domain-name "util.of1.local.net of1.local.net srv.local.net"; site-option-space "pxelinux"; option pxelinux.magic f1:00:74:7e; if exists dhcp-parameter-request-list { option dhcp-parameter-request-list = concat(option dhcp-parameter-request-list,d0,d1,d2,d3); } group { option pxelinux.configfile "pxelinux.cfg/pxeboot"; host my-new-server { fixed-address my-new-server.srv.local.net; hardware ethernet aa:aa:aa:bb:bb:bb; } } } So the hostname should be my-new-server.srv.local.net, however when building a Ubuntu 12.04 node, the hostname ends up as my-new-server.util.of1.local.net When building Lucid (10.04) hosts, the hostname will be correct, it's only on Precise/12.04 nodes we have the problem. Doing a normal and reverse lookup on the host and IP returns the correct result Sams-MacBook-Pro:~ sam$ host my-new-server my-new-server.srv.local.net has address 10.32.2.30 Sams-MacBook-Pro:~ sam$ host my-new-server.srv.local.net my-new-server.srv.local.net has address 10.32.2.30 Sams-MacBook-Pro:~ sam$ host 10.32.2.30 30.2.32.10.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer my-new-server.srv.local.net. The contents of the hosts file is incorrect too 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.1.1 my-new-server.util.of1.local.net of1.local.net srv.local.net my-new-server So it looks like when it creates the hosts file, it puts the entire contents of the DNS search path into the local address so the FQDN according to the server is the short hostname as defined, then the first domain in the search path. Is there a way to get around this behaviour, or fix this so it gets the hostname correctly? It's picking up the first part of the hostname, then the rest is wrong.

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• Start a software company offshore

  - by Mascarpone

  Hello Everybody, I own a small, very young, EU based (Italy) company, and among other things, we sell IT solutions. I have a degree in applied mathematics, and I mainly deal with user interfaces, embedded systems, automation and web applications. You can say that I'm an enlightened entrepreneur because I work only with open source software (OS, IDE, I release under BSD , ... everything is free as in freedom), I give high importance to post sales services and customer satisfaction, plus I think I'm the best boss someone could desire (LOL), as I have google in mind when I think about IT workers rights. But the most beautiful thing is that, although everybody advised us not to use open source, is that we are quite profitable!!! (for the sixth trimester in a row). Now I offshore most of the work to an Indian company. I divide the work in modules and I outsource the longer or more trivial ones. I spend a lot of time defining the specifications and I leave the hard work to them. Using productivity bonuses, a lot of prototypes and third-party audits I think that my software has reached a very good quality level. I would like to start my own software development company, in order to improve control over process and cut costs. Obviously I can't afford the cost of labor in the EU, so I thought about opening a company in Asia. What I need Is: 1) Cheap labor - I can afford to give productivity bonuses and higher than average wages and stay profitable just because labor is cheap. 2) Many talents - I need a good level of tertiary education, and a good number of graduates, so I can hire junior developers and train and teach them according to my needs and philosophies (e.g.: open source mind) 3) Good infrastructure - buildings, transport, internet, .... everything that a company might need. I thought about 3 possible candidates: 1) India - I already work with indian people, I know that they are realiable and speak a good english. Big cities are too expensive, but maybe a small city like lucknow http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucknow could suits my needs. 2) China - They say it's cheaper than India, but I everytime I worked with a chineese company the language was a big barrier. They work hard, are somewhat skilled and cheap but maybe it's a risky path. Plus I feel a little uncofortable with their lack of human rights. 3) Philippines - Same as china: cheaper than india, but maybe less educated. Where do you think it's the best place to start a software company? Any reading or book to advise? thank you very much

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• 2nd Year College - Learning - Microsoft Server Products

  - by Ryan

  As the title says, I just finished my first year of college (majoring in Software Engineering). Fortunately my school likes Microsoft enough, and I can get pretty much anything I want that Microsoft sells. I also can get IBM Websphere and the like for free as well. Earlier this year, I set up an oldish computer (2.6 Pentium D, x64) to run ubuntu server headless. I'm predominately a Java developer, so Apache, Maven, Nexus, Sonar, SVN, etc made it onto the machine. It worked really well for personal and school projects, especially team projects (quick ramp up). Anyways, I started to pick up C# to complement my Java knowledge (don't judge me :P), and am interested in working with some of the associated Microsoft equivalents. The machine currently has the Ubuntu install, as well as Windows 7 Ultimate. I do all of my actual development work off my laptop, also running Windows 7 Ultimate. I was wondering what software you would recommend putting on the machine. I’m not actually serving anything off the machine itself, but in Ubuntu I had it doing integration tests with Hudson on every commit, and profiling my applications, etc, etc. The machine would be running headless, and I would remote into it. Here is what I am currently leaning towards / wondering about: Windows 7 Ultimate vs Windows Server 2008 (R2) (no one is really clear why I should go with one over the other) Windows Team Foundation Sharepoint (Never used it before, kind of meh about it) IBM Websphere or Glassfish (Some Java EE web server) SQL Server 2008 A DVCS In order to better control product conflicts / limit resource use, I’m wondering if I should install things into virtual machines (I can get VmWare or Microsoft Virtualization Products) I also plan on installing everything I had running under Linux (it’s almost entirely Java based development software, so it’ll run on both, only reason I went with ubuntu during the year was because the apache build seemed better). I’m primarily looking to become familiar with enterprise software development tools, as well as get something functional that will help my development process. (IE, I’ll still use project and assign tasks even though I might be the only one to assign tasks to, just to practice doing so). Is there any other software / configuration details I should explore? Opinions on my current list? I primarily use C#, Java, and PHP. I'm familiar with ruby, and python as well. Thanks!

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• "log on as a batch job" user rights removed by what GPO?

  - by LarsH

  I am not much of a server administrator, but get my feet wet when I have to. Right now I'm running some COTS software on a Windows 2008 Server machine. The software installer creates a few user accounts for running its processes, and then gives those users the right to "log on as a batch job". Every so often (e.g. yesterday at 2:52pm and this morning at 7:50am), those rights disappear. The software then stops working. I can verify that the user rights are gone by using secedit /export /cfg e:\temp\uraExp.inf /areas USER_RIGHTS and I have a script that does this every 30 seconds and logs the results with a timestamp, so I know when the rights disappear. What I see from the export is that in the "good" state, i.e. after I install the software and it's working correctly, the line for SeBatchLogonRight from the secedit export includes the user accounts created by the software. But every few hours (sometimes more), those user accounts are removed from that line. The same thing can be seen by using the GUI tool Local Security Policy > Security Settings > Local Policies > User Rights Assignment > Log on as a batch job: in the "good" state, that policy includes the needed user accounts, and in the bad state, the policy does not. Based on the above-mentioned logging script and the timestamps at which the user rights are being removed, I can see clearly that some GPOs are causing the change. The GPO Operational log shows GPOs being processed at exactly the right times. E.g.: Starting Registry Extension Processing. List of applicable GPOs: (Changes were detected.) Local Group Policy I have run GPOs on demand using gpupdate /force, and was able to verify that this caused the User Rights to be removed. We have looked over local group policies till our eyes are crossed, trying to figure out which one might be stripping these User Rights to "log on as a batch job." We have not configured any local group policies on this machine, that we know of; so is there a default local group policy that might typically do such a thing? Are there typical domain policies that would do this? I have been working with our IT staff colleagues to troubleshoot the problem, but none of them are really GPO experts... They wear many hats, and they do what they need to do in order to keep most things running. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated!

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