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  • Passing data between objects in Chain of Responsibility pattern

    - by AbrahamJP
    While implementing the Chain of Responsibility pattern, i came across a dilemma om how to pass data between objects in the chain. The datatypes passed between object in the chain can differ for each object. As a temporary fix I had created a Static class containing a stack where each object in the chain can push the results to the stack while the next object in the chain could pop the results from the stack. Here is a sample code on what I had implemented. public interface IHandler { void Process(); } public static class StackManager { public static Stack DataStack = new Stack(); } //This class doesn't require any input to operate public class OpsA : IHandler { public IHandler Successor {get; set; } public void Process() { //Do some processing, store the result into Stack var ProcessedData = DoSomeOperation(); StackManager.DataStack.Push(ProcessedData); if(Successor != null) Successor(); } } //This class require input data to operate upon public class OpsB : IHandler { public IHandler Successor {get; set; } public void Process() { //Retrieve the results from the previous Operation var InputData = StackManager.DataStack.Pop(); //Do some processing, store the result into Stack var NewProcessedData = DoMoreProcessing(InputData); StackManager.DataStack.Push(NewProcessedData); if(Successor != null) Successor(); } } public class ChainOfResponsibilityPattern { public void Process() { IHandler ProcessA = new OpsA(); IHandler ProcessB = new OpsB(); ProcessA.Successor = ProcessB; ProcessA.Process(); } } Please help me to find a better approach to pass data between handlers objects in the chain.

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  • Problem with Boost::Asio for C++

    - by Martin Lauridsen
    Hi there, For my bachelors thesis, I am implementing a distributed version of an algorithm for factoring large integers (finding the prime factorisation). This has applications in e.g. security of the RSA cryptosystem. My vision is, that clients (linux or windows) will download an application and compute some numbers (these are independant, thus suited for parallelization). The numbers (not found very often), will be sent to a master server, to collect these numbers. Once enough numbers have been collected by the master server, it will do the rest of the computation, which cannot be easily parallelized. Anyhow, to the technicalities. I was thinking to use Boost::Asio to do a socket client/server implementation, for the clients communication with the master server. Since I want to compile for both linux and windows, I thought windows would be as good a place to start as any. So I downloaded the Boost library and compiled it, as it said on the Boost Getting Started page: bootstrap .\bjam It all compiled just fine. Then I try to compile one of the tutorial examples, client.cpp, from Asio, found (here.. edit: cant post link because of restrictions). I am using the Visual C++ compiler from Microsoft Visual Studio 2008, like this: cl /EHsc /I D:\Downloads\boost_1_42_0 client.cpp But I get this error: /out:client.exe client.obj LINK : fatal error LNK1104: cannot open file 'libboost_system-vc90-mt-s-1_42.lib' Anyone have any idea what could be wrong, or how I could move forward? I have been trying pretty much all week, to get a simple client/server socket program for c++ working, but with no luck. Serious frustration kicking in. Thank you in advance.

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  • .NET Regex - Replace multiple characters at once without overwriting?

    - by Everaldo Aguiar
    I'm implementing a c# program that should automatize a Mono-alphabetic substitution cipher. The functionality i'm working on at the moment is the simplest one: The user will provide a plain text and a cipher alphabet, for example: Plain text(input): THIS IS A TEST Cipher alphabet: A - Y, H - Z, I - K, S - L, E - J, T - Q Cipher Text(output): QZKL KL QJLQ I thought of using regular expressions since I've been programming in perl for a while, but I'm encountering some problems on c#. First I would like to know if someone would have a suggestion for a regular expression that would replace all occurrence of each letter by its corresponding cipher letter (provided by user) at once and without overwriting anything. Example: In this case, user provides plaintext "TEST", and on his cipher alphabet, he wishes to have all his T's replaced with E's, E's replaced with Y and S replaced with J. My first thought was to substitute each occurrence of a letter with an individual character and then replace that character by the cipherletter corresponding to the plaintext letter provided. Using the same example word "TEST", the steps taken by the program to provide an answer would be: 1 - replace T's with (lets say) @ 2 - replace E's with # 3 - replace S's with & 4 - Replace @ with E, # with Y, & with j 5 - Output = EYJE This solution doesn't seem to work for large texts. I would like to know if anyone can think of a single regular expression that would allow me to replace each letter in a given text by its corresponding letter in a 26-letter cipher alphabet without the need of splitting the task in an intermediate step as I mentioned. If it helps visualize the process, this is a print screen of my GUI for the program:

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  • Consolidate multiple site files into single location

    - by seengee
    We have a custom PHP/MySQL CMS running on Linux/Apache thats rolled out to multiple sites (20+) on the same server. Each site uses exactly the same CMS files with a few files for each site being customised. The customised files for each site are: /library/mysql_connect.php /public_html/css/* /public_html/ftparea/* /public_html/images/* There's also a couple of other random files inside /public_html/includes/ that are unique to each site. Other than this each site on the server uses the exact same files. Each site sitting within /home/username/. There is obviously a massive amount of replication here as each time we want to deploy a system update we need to update to each user account. Given the common site files are all stored in SVN it would make far more sense if we were able to simply commit to SVN and deploy to a single location direct from there. Unfortunately, making a major architecture change at this stage could be problematic. In my mind the ideal scenario would mean creating an account like /home/commonfiles/ and each site using these common files unless an account specific file exists, for example a request is made to /home/user/public_html/index.php but as this file doesnt exist the request is then redirected to /home/commonfiles/public_html/index.php. I know that generally this approach is possible, similar to how Zend Framework (and probably others) redirect all requests that dont match a specific file to index.php. I'm just not sure about how exactly to go about implementing it and whether its actually advisable. Would really welcome any input/ideas people have got. Thanks.

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  • Application design question, best approach?

    - by Jamie Keeling
    Hello, I am in the process of designing an application that will allow you to find pictures (screen shots) made from certain programs. I will provide the locations of a few of the program in the application itself to get the user started. I was wondering how I should go about adding new locations as the time goes on, my first thought was simply hard coding it into the application but this will mean the user has to reinstall it to make the changes take affect. My second idea was to use an XML file to contain all the locations as well as other data, such as the name of the application. This also means the user can add their own locations if they wish as well as sharing them over the internet. The second option seemed the best approach but then I had to think how would it be managed on the users computer. Ideally I'd like just a single .exe without the reliance on any external files such as the XML but this would bring me back to point one. Would it be best to simply use the ClickOnce deployment to create an entry in the start menu and create a folder containing the .exe and the file names? Thanks for the feedback, I don't want to start implementing the application until the design is nailed.

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  • How to allow click-through and a cursor in a background app while not taking the active appearance a

    - by Peter Hosey
    Here are my goals: My application displays an overlay window above all applications' window. The user can draw in the overlay window. The mouse cursor changes to a specific cursor while in the overlay window. The application that has the active appearance before summoning the overlay window still has it while the overlay window is up and usable. The user does not need to click on the overlay window to activate it before they can draw. Drawing in the window does not steal the active appearance away from the application that has it. With LSUIElement, I get #1, #2, #3, and #5. With LSBackgroundOnly, I get #1, #2, #4, and #6. How can I satisify all of these goals without installing an event tap and processing the mouse events myself? Things I've tried: [NSApp preventWindowOrdering] in mouseDown: [NSApp activateIgnoringOtherApps:YES] in applicationWillFinishLaunching: [myWindow orderFront:nil] in applicationWillFinishLaunching: [myWindow makeKeyAndOrderFront:nil] in applicationWillFinishLaunching: [myWindow orderFrontRegardless] in applicationWillFinishLaunching: [myWindow makeMainWindow] in applicationWillFinishLaunching: (this caused failure of point 4 even with LSBackgroundOnly) SetThemeCursor in applicationWillFinishLaunching: (With LSUIElement) Implementing canBecomeMainWindow in my NSPanel subclass to return NO Except where otherwise noted, none of these made any difference. So, with LSUIElement, goals #4 and #6 remain; with LSBackgroundOnly, goals #3 and #5 remain. Any suggestions?

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  • Examples using Active Directory/LDAP groups for permissions \ roles in Rails App.

    - by Nick Gorbikoff
    Hello. I was wondering how other people implemented this scenario. I have an internal rails app ( inventory management, label printing, shipping,etc). I'm rewriting security on the system, cause the old way got to cumbersome to maintain ( users table, passwords, roles) - I used restful_authentication and roles. It was implemented about 3 years ago. I already implemented AuthLogic with ruby-ldap-net to authenticate users ( actually that was surprisingly easy, compared to how I struggled with other frameworks/languages before). Next step is roles. I already have groups defined in Active Directory - so I don't want to run a separate roles system in my rails app, I just want to reuse Active Directory groups - since that part of the system is already maintained for other purposes ( shared drives, backups, pc access, etc) So I was wondering if others had experience implementing permissions/roles in a rails app based on groups in Active Directory or LDAP. Also the roles requirements are pretty complex. Here is an example: For instance I have users that belong to the supervisors group in AD and to inventory dept, so I was that user to be able to run "advanced" tasks in invetory - adjust qty, run reports, however other "supervisors" from other departmanets, shouldn't be able to do this, also Top Management - should be able to use those reports (regardless weather they belong to the invetory or not), but not Middle Management, unless they are in inventory group. Admins of the system (Domain Admins) should have unrestricted access to the system , except for HR & Finances part unless they are in HR ( like you don't want all system admins (except for one authorized one) to see personal info of other employees). I looked at acl9, cancan, aegis. I was wondering if there are any advantaged/cons to using one versus the other for this particular use of system access based on AD. Suggest other systems if you had good experience. Thank you!!!

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  • OPTICS Clustering algorithm. How to get the best epsilon

    - by Marco Galassi
    I am implementing a project which needs to cluster geographical points. OPTICS algorithm seems to be a very nice solution. It needs just 2 parameters as input(MinPts and Epsilon), which are, respectively, the minimum number of points needed to consider them as a cluster, and the distance value used to compare if two points are in can be placed in same cluster. My problem is that, due to the extreme variety of the points, I can't set a fixed epsilon. Just look at the image below. The same points structure but in a different scale would result very different. Suppose to set MinPts=2 and epsilon = 1Km. On the left, the algorithm would create 2 clusters(red and blue), but on the right it would create one single cluster containing all of the points(red), but I would like to obtain 2 clusters even on the right. So my question is: is there any kind of way to calculate dynamically the epsilon value to get this result? Thank you very much and excuse my for my poor english. Marco

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  • Queue Data structure app crash with front() method

    - by Programer
    I am implementing queue data strcutre but my app gets crashed, I know I am doing something wrong with Node pointer front or front() method of queue class #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Node { public: int get() { return object; }; void set(int object) { this->object = object; }; Node * getNext() { return nextNode; }; void setNext(Node * nextNode) { this->nextNode = nextNode; }; private: int object; Node * nextNode; }; class queue{ private: Node *rear; Node *front; public: int dequeue() { int x = front->get(); Node* p = front; front = front->getNext(); delete p; return x; } void enqueue(int x) { Node* newNode = new Node(); newNode->set(x); newNode->setNext(NULL); rear->setNext(newNode); rear = newNode; } int Front() { return front->get(); } int isEmpty() { return ( front == NULL ); } }; main() { queue q; q.enqueue(2); cout<<q.Front(); system("pause"); }

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  • How to send Event signal through Processes - C

    - by Jamie Keeling
    Hello all! I have an application consisting of two windows, one communicates to the other and sends it a struct constaining two integers (In this case two rolls of a dice). I will be using events for the following circumstances: Process a sends data to process b, process b displays data Process a closes, in turn closing process b Process b closes a, in turn closing process a I have noticed that if the second process is constantly waiting for the first process to send data then the program will be just sat waiting, which is where the idea of implementing threads on each process occurred and I have started to implement this already. The problem i'm having is that I don't exactly have a lot of experience with threads and events so I'm not sure of the best way to actually implement what I want to do. I'm trying to work out how the other process will know of the event being fired so it can do the tasks it needs to do, I don't understand how one process that is separate from another can tell what the states the events are in especially as it needs to act as soon as the event has changed state. Thanks for any help Edit: I can only use the Create/Set/Open methods for events, sorry for not mentioning it earlier.

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  • Naive Bayesian classification (spam filtering) - Doubt in one calculation? Which one is right? Plz c

    - by Microkernel
    Hi guys, I am implementing Naive Bayesian classifier for spam filtering. I have doubt on some calculation. Please clarify me what to do. Here is my question. In this method, you have to calculate P(S|W) - Probability that Message is spam given word W occurs in it. P(W|S) - Probability that word W occurs in a spam message. P(W|H) - Probability that word W occurs in a Ham message. So to calculate P(W|S), should I do (1) (Number of times W occuring in spam)/(total number of times W occurs in all the messages) OR (2) (Number of times word W occurs in Spam)/(Total number of words in the spam message) So, to calculate P(W|S), should I do (1) or (2)? (I thought it to be (2), but I am not sure, so plz clarify me) I am refering http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian_spam_filtering for the info by the way. I got to complete the implementation by this weekend :( Thanks and regards, MicroKernel :) @sth: Hmm... Shouldn't repeated occurrence of word 'W' increase a message's spam score? In the your approach it wouldn't, right?. Lets take a scenario and discuss... Lets say, we have 100 training messages, out of which 50 are spam and 50 are Ham. and say word_count of each message = 100. And lets say, in spam messages word W occurs 5 times in each message and word W occurs 1 time in Ham message. So total number of times W occuring in all the spam message = 5*50 = 250 times. And total number of times W occuring in all Ham messages = 1*50 = 50 times. Total occurance of W in all of the training messages = (250+50) = 300 times. So, in this scenario, how do u calculate P(W|S) and P(W|H) ? Naturally we should expect, P(W|S) P(W|H)??? right. Please share your thought...

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  • Visual Studio - Edit source code located in a database

    - by mfeingold
    I am building something similar to Server Explorer for Apache CouchDB. One of the things necessary is to be able to edit CouchDB view definitions which in CouchDB are JavaScript functions. How can I trick Visual Studio into using my object to retrieve and save the content of the JavaScript function but still use the rest of it - I am happy with editor itself and have no intention of writing my own Editor/Language Service, etc. The latter would be much bigger effort than what this project warrants Edit After more digging I am still stuck. Here is what I know: IVsUIShellOpenDocument interface provides a method OpenStandardEditor which can be used to open the standard Visual Studio editor. As one of the parameters this method takes a Pointer to the IUnknown interface of the document data object. This object is supposed to implement several interfaces described in many places all over the MSDN. Visual Studio SDK also provides a 'sample' implementation of the document data object VsTextBufferClass. I can create an instance of this class and when I pass the pointer to the instance to the OpenStandardEditor I can see my editor and it seems to work ok. When I try to implement my own class implementing the same interfaces (IVsTextBuffer, VsTextBuffer, IVsTextLines) OpenStandardEditor method returns success, but VS bombs out on call editor.Show() with an access violation. My suspicion is that VsTextBufferClass also implements some other interface(s) but not in C# way but rather in the good old COM way. I just do not know which one(s). Any thoughts?

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  • Easiest way to programmatically create email accounts for use by web app?

    - by cadwag
    I have a web app that create groups. Each group gets their own discussion board. I would like to add the feature of allowing users to send emails to their "group" within the web app to start a new discussion or reply to an email from the "group" to make a new post in an already ongoing discussion. For example, to start a new discussion a user would send: From: [email protected] To: [email protected] Subject: Hey guys! Meet up on Tuesday? Body: Yes? No? All members of the group would receive an email: From: [email protected] Subject: Hey guys! Meet up on Tuesday? Body: Yes? No? Reply-To: group1@ example.com And, the app would start a new discussion with: Author: Bill Fake Subject: Hey guys! Meet up on Tuesday? Body: Yes? No? This is a pretty standard feature for Google Groups and other big sites. So how do us mere mortals go about implementing this? Is there an easy way? Or do I: 1. Install postfix 2. Write scripts to create new accounts for each new group 3. Access the server periodically via pop3 (or imap?) to retrieve the email messages sent to each account? 4. Parse the message for content If it's the latter, did I miss a step?

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  • Security header is not valid - using curl php

    - by toni
    Hi all, Im implementing the Express Checkout, Paypal API using PHP. I have no problem with the first step:SetExpressCheckout. I a have awk=success. But in method GetExpressCheckout I get "Security header is not valid". I try to figure out the problem and i think found out maybe it was the curl not working well.. What i did i copy the whole URL: https://api-3t.sandbox.paypal.com/nvp?USER=sanbox_1276609583_biz_api1.gmail.com&PWD=1276609589&SIGNATURE=AYVosblmD7khKkvvb.bNxvFT0OQ2A8GopwByEuC.CfMHt65VaUmvAEy-&VERSION=62.0&token=EC-3YG18670X88588437&METHOD=GetExpressCheckoutDetails and paste it to the browser. This will result to: TOKEN=EC%2d3YG18670X88588437&CHECKOUTSTATUS=PaymentActionNotInitiated&TIMESTAMP=2010%2d06%2d16T07%3a40%3a12Z&CORRELATIONID=e1a1e469bf066&ACK=Success&VERSION=62%2e0&BUILD=1356926... But when that url executed in the function I made it will not work. Below is my function: function mycurl($url,$querystr){ $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, false); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $querystr); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,1); $response = curl_exec($ch); curl_close ($ch); return $response; } I hope somebody can help on this. thanks so much. Note: - I Used the sandbox for this. I created a sandbox account, I have a Business account to represent a merchant, and a Personal account to represent a buyer. And I used this: endpoint url: api-3t.sandbox.paypal.com/nvp sandbox url: www.sandbox.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr This should not be the issue.

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  • Fastest inline-assembly spinlock

    - by sigvardsen
    I'm writing a multithreaded application in c++, where performance is critical. I need to use a lot of locking while copying small structures between threads, for this I have chosen to use spinlocks. I have done some research and speed testing on this and I found that most implementations are roughly equally fast: Microsofts CRITICAL_SECTION, with SpinCount set to 1000, scores about 140 time units Implementing this algorithm with Microsofts InterlockedCompareExchange scores about 95 time units Ive also tried to use some inline assembly with __asm {} using something like this code and it scores about 70 time units, but I am not sure that a proper memory barrier has been created. Edit: The times given here are the time it takes for 2 threads to lock and unlock the spinlock 1,000,000 times. I know this isn't a lot of difference but as a spinlock is a heavily used object, one would think that programmers would have agreed on the fastest possible way to make a spinlock. Googling it leads to many different approaches however. I would think this aforementioned method would be the fastest if implemented using inline assembly and using the instruction CMPXCHG8B instead of comparing 32bit registers. Furthermore memory barriers must be taken into account, this could be done by LOCK CMPXHG8B (I think?), which guarantees "exclusive rights" to the shared memory between cores. At last [some suggests] that for busy waits should be accompanied by NOP:REP that would enable Hyper-threading processors to switch to another thread, but I am not sure whether this is true or not? From my performance-test of different spinlocks, it is seen that there is not much difference, but for purely academic purpose I would like to know which one is fastest. However as I have extremely limited experience in the assembly-language and with memory barriers, I would be happy if someone could write the assembly code for the last example I provided with LOCK CMPXCHG8B and proper memory barriers in the following template: __asm { spin_lock: ;locking code. spin_unlock: ;unlocking code. }

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  • Plotting an Arc in Discrete Steps

    - by phobos51594
    Good afternoon, Background My question relates to the plotting of an arbitrary arc in space using discrete steps. It is unique, however, in that I am not drawing to a canvas in the typical sense. The firmware I am designing is for a gcode interpreter for a CNC mill that will translate commands into stepper motor movements. Now, I have already found a similar question on this very site, but the methodology suggested (Bresenham's Algorithm) appears to be incompatable for moving an object in space, as it only relies on the calculation of one octant of a circle which is then mirrored about the remaining axes of symmetry. Furthermore, the prescribed method of calculation an arc between two arbitrary angles relies on trigonometry (I am implementing on a microcontroller and would like to avoid costly trig functions, if possible) and simply not taking the steps that are out of the range. Finally, the algorithm only is designed to work in one rotational direction (e.g. counterclockwise). Question So, on to the actual question: Does anyone know of a general-purpose algorithm that can be used to "draw" an arbitrary arc in discrete steps while still giving respect to angular direction (CW / CCW)? The final implementation will be done in C, but the language for the purpose of the question is irrelevant. Thank you in advance. References S.O post on drawing a simple circle using Bresenham's Algorithm: "Drawing" an arc in discrete x-y steps Wiki page describing Bresenham's Algorithm for a circle http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midpoint_circle_algorithm Gcode instructions to be implemented (see. G2 and G3) http://linuxcnc.org/docs/html/gcode.html

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  • Bulletin board - Database optimisation

    - by andrew
    This question is a follow on from this Question The project and problem The project I am currently working on is a bulletin board for a large non-profit organisation. The bulletin board will be used to allow inter-office communication within the organisation. I am building the application and have been having trouble extracting the results that I need from my database because I don't think it is properly normalized and because of limitations in my knowledge of relational database theory and mysql. I would appreciate input into the design of the board in general and in particular, ways that the database structure can be improved to facilitate efficient queries and help me develop this application and future application faster Business Logic The bulletin board will be used in the following way Posting bulletins and responses to bulletins Employees or 'users' in offices around the country will be able to post messages to the bulletin board.Bulletins must be posted to a location and categorised- i'll call these "bulletins". Users will be able to post any number of replies to any one bulletin and users will be able to reply to their own bulletin - i'll call these 'replies'. Rating bulletins and replies Users will be able to either 'like' or 'dislike' a bulletin or a reply and the total number of likes or dislikes will be shown for each bulletin or reply. Viewing the bulletin board and responses Bulletins can be displayed chronologically. Users can sort bulletins chronologically or chronologically by the latest reply to that bulletin(let me know if you need more explanation) When a particular bulletin is selected, replies to that bulletin will be displayed chronologically @PerformanceDBA - edited 10:34 est 28/12/10I have begun implementing the data model. I assume that the 6th data model is the physical model because it contains the associative tables. I am going to post any questions that I have below. I will put up a database dump once I am done. I will then put up a list of all the queries that I need to run on the database and begin writing them. I hope you had a good Christmas. I'm in Canada and there's snow! Implementation of Physical model

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  • Seam @Factory in abstract base class?

    - by Shadowman
    I've got a series of web actions I'm implementing in Seam to perform create, read, update, etc. operations. For my read/update/delete actions, I'd like to have individual action classes that all extend an abstract base class. I'd like to put the @Factory method in the abstract base class to retrieve the item that is to be acted upon. For example, I have this as the base class: public abstract class BaseAction { @In(required=false)@Out(required=false) private MyItem item=null; public MyItem getItem(){...} public void setItem(...){...} @Factory("item") public void initItem(){...} } My subclasses would extend BaseAction, so that I don't have to repeat the logic to load the item that is to be viewed, deleted, updated, etc. However, when I start my application, Seam throws errors saying I have declared multiple @Factory's for the same object. Is there any way around this? Is there any way to provide the @Factory in the base class without encoutnering these errors?

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  • Help me write my LISP :) LISP environments, Ruby Hashes...

    - by MikeC8
    I'm implementing a rudimentary version of LISP in Ruby just in order to familiarize myself with some concepts. I'm basing my implementation off of Peter Norvig's Lispy (http://norvig.com/lispy.html). There's something I'm missing here though, and I'd appreciate some help... He subclasses Python's dict as follows: class Env(dict): "An environment: a dict of {'var':val} pairs, with an outer Env." def __init__(self, parms=(), args=(), outer=None): self.update(zip(parms,args)) self.outer = outer def find(self, var): "Find the innermost Env where var appears." return self if var in self else self.outer.find(var) He then goes on to explain why he does this rather than just using a dict. However, for some reason, his explanation keeps passing in through my eyes and out through the back of my head. Why not use a dict, and then inside the eval function, when a new "sub-environment" needs to be created, just take the existing dict and update the key/value pairs that need to be updated, and pass that new dict into the next eval? Won't the Python interpreter keep track of the previous "outer" envs? And won't the nature of the recursion ensure that the values are pulled out from "inner" to "outer"? I'm using Ruby, and I tried to implement things this way. Something's not working though, and it might be because of this, or perhaps not. Here's my eval function, env being a regular Hash: def eval(x, env = $global_env) ........ elsif x[0] == "lambda" then ->(*args) { eval(x[2], env.merge(Hash[*x[1].zip(args).flatten(1)])) } ........ end The line that matters of course is the "lambda" one. If there is a difference, what's importantly different between what I'm doing here and what Norvig did with his Env class? If there's no difference, then perhaps someone can enlighten me as to why Norvig uses the Env class. Thanks :)

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  • Can a Generic Method handle both Reference and Nullable Value types?

    - by Adam Lassek
    I have a series of Extension methods to help with null-checking on IDataRecord objects, which I'm currently implementing like this: public static int? GetNullableInt32(this IDataRecord dr, int ordinal) { int? nullInt = null; return dr.IsDBNull(ordinal) ? nullInt : dr.GetInt32(ordinal); } public static int? GetNullableInt32(this IDataRecord dr, string fieldname) { int ordinal = dr.GetOrdinal(fieldname); return dr.GetNullableInt32(ordinal); } and so on, for each type I need to deal with. I'd like to reimplement these as a generic method, partly to reduce redundancy and partly to learn how to write generic methods in general. I've written this: public static Nullable<T> GetNullable<T>(this IDataRecord dr, int ordinal) { Nullable<T> nullValue = null; return dr.IsDBNull(ordinal) ? nullValue : (Nullable<T>) dr.GetValue(ordinal); } which works as long as T is a value type, but if T is a reference type it won't. This method would need to return either a Nullable type if T is a value type, and default(T) otherwise. How would I implement this behavior?

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  • Rounding up milliseconds when printing with Joda Time

    - by RoToRa
    I'm implementing a count-down using Joda Time. I only need a display accuracy of seconds. However when printing the time, the seconds are displayed as full seconds, so when the count down reaches, for example, 900ms, then "0" seconds is printed, but as a count-down it would make more sense to display "1" second, until the time actually reaches 0ms. Example: void printDuration(Duration d) { System.out.println( d.toPeriod(PeriodType.time()).toString( new PeriodFormatterBuilder().printZeroAlways().appendSeconds().toFormatter() ) ); } printDuration(new Duration(5000)); // Prints "5" => OK printDuration(new Duration(4900)); // Prints "4" => need "5" printDuration(new Duration(1000)); // Prints "1" => OK printDuration(new Duration(900)); // Prints "0" => need "1" printDuration(new Duration(0)); // Prints "0" => OK Basically I need to the seconds to be display rounded up from milliseconds and not rounded down. Is there a way to achieve this with Joda without needing to write my own formatter?

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  • PHP package manager

    - by Mathias
    Hey, does anyone know a package manager library for PHP (as e.g. apt or yum for linux distros) apart from PEAR? I'm working on a system which should include a package management system for module management. I managed to get a working solution using PEAR, but using the PEAR client for anything else than managing a PEAR installation is not really the optimal solution as it's not designed for that. I would have to modify/extend it (e.g. to implement actions on installation/upgrade or to move PEAR specific files like lockfiles away from the system root) and especially the CLI client code is quite messy and PHP4. So maybe someone has some suggestions for an alternative PEAR client library which is easy to use and extend (the server side has some nice implementations like Pirum and pearhub) for completely different package management systems written in PHP (ideally including dependency tracking and different channels) for some general ideas how to implement such a PM system (yes, I'm still tinkering with the idea of implementing such a system from scratch) I know that big systems like Magento and symfony use PEAR for their PM. Magento uses a hacked version of the original PEAR client (which I'd like to avoid), symfony's implementation seems quite integrated with the framework, but would be a good starting point to at least write the client from scratch. Anyway, if anybody has suggestions: please :)

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  • Initialize Static Array of Structs in C

    - by russell_h
    I implementing a card game in C. There are lots of types of cards and each has a bunch of information, including some actions that will need to be individually scripted associated with it. Given a struct like this (and I'm not certain I have the syntax right for the function pointer) struct CARD { int value; int cost; // This is a pointer to a function that carries out actions unique // to this card int (*do_actions) (struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2); }; I would like to initialize a static array of these, one for each card. I'm guessing this would look something like this int do_card0(struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2) { // Operate on state here } int do_card1(struct GAME_STATE *state, int choice1, int choice2) { // Operate on state here } extern static struct cardDefinitions[] = { {0, 1, do_card0}, {1, 3, do_card1} }; Will this work, and am I going about this the right way at all? I'm trying to avoid huge numbers of switch statements. Do I need to define the 'do_cardN' functions ahead of time, or is there some way to define them inline in the initialization of the struct (something like a lambda function in python)? I'll need read-only access to cardDefinitions from a different file - is 'extern static' correct for that? I know this is a lot of questions rolled into one but I'm really a bit vague about how to go about this. Thanks.

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  • Can I change the binding source to another source in XAML?

    - by No hay Problema
    Hi guys, I want to do a very simple thing, can you point me on the right direction? I want to change the source in XAML to another object source, let me put you an example: I have a Listview, bound to a "Model A", it has many properties, but one is called "Total". This property is not shown on the View Each ListviewItem has its own source (ItemsSource), BUT, one of the fields should show "Total" from "Model A" Caveat: I am implementing MVVM, so the "Model A" is assigned as a VM DataSource, XAML knows nothing about it. So, in my perfect world the XAML should look like this: <GridViewColumn Header="Total" Width="150"> <GridViewColumn.CellTemplate> <DataTemplate> <Label Content="{Binding Source=<The source of LISTVIEW> Path=Total}"/> </DataTemplate> </GridViewColumn.CellTemplate> </GridViewColumn> I have tried RelativeSource but that points me to the XAML object, I want the source of it, is it possible? Thanks

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  • Observer Design Pattern - multiple event types

    - by David
    I'm currently implementing the Observer design pattern and using it to handle adding items to the session, create error logs and write messages out to the user giving feedback on their actions (e.g. You've just logged out!). I began with a single method on the subject called addEvent() but as I added more Observers I found that the parameters required to detail all the information I needed for each listener began to grow. I now have 3 methods called addMessage(), addStorage() and addLog(). These add data into an events array that has a key related to the event type (e.g. log, message, storage) but I'm starting to feel that now the subject needs to know too much about the listeners that are attached. My alternative thought is to go back to addEvent() and pass an event type (e.g. USER_LOGOUT) along with the data associated and each Observer maintains it's own list of event handles it is looking for (possibly in a switch statement), but this feels cumbersome. Also, I'd need to check that sufficient data had also been passed along with the event type. What is the correct way of doing this? Please let me know if I can explain any parts of this further. I hope you can help and see the problem I'm battling with.

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