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• Python Eggs on Google App Engine

  - by ott

  Usually I would use virtualenv and pip for deployment of web applications. With Google App Engine this doesn't work, because all import statement are relative to directory of the application. The most common approach I saw was to simply copy the packages from site-packages to the directory of the application. This involves manual work and is error-prone. Another approach was to changes install_lib and install_scripts in ~/.pydisutils.cfg, but this doesn't allow me to use pip in my home directory simultaneously. Do you have any suggestions for this?

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• python class attribute

  - by chnet

  Hi, i have a question about class attribute in python. class base : def __init__ (self): pass derived_val = 1 t1 = base() t2 = base () t2.derived_val +=1 t2.__class__.derived_val +=2 print t2.derived_val # its value is 2 print t2.__class__.derived_val # its value is 3 The results are different. I also use id() function to find t2.derived_val and t2.class.derived_val have different memory address. My problem is derived_val is class attribute. Why it is different in above example? Is it because the instance of class copy its own derived_val beside the class attribute?

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• Get class of caller's method (via inspect) in Python (alt: super() emulator)

  - by Slava Vishnyakov

  Is it possible to get reference to class B in this example? class A(object): pass class B(A): def test(self): test2() class C(B): pass import inspect def test2(): frame = inspect.currentframe().f_back cls = frame.[?something here?] # cls here should == B (class) c = C() c.test() Basically, C is child of B, B is child of A. Then we create c of type C. Then the call to c.test() actually calls B.test() (via inheritance), which calls to test2(). test2() can get the parent frame frame; code reference to method via frame.f_code; self via frame.f_locals['self']; but type(frame.f_locals['self']) is C (of course), but not B, where method is defined. Any way to get B?

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• super() in Python 2.x without args

  - by Slava Vishnyakov

  Trying to convert super(B, self).method() into a simple nice bubble() call. Did it, see below! Is it possible to get reference to class B in this example? class A(object): pass class B(A): def test(self): test2() class C(B): pass import inspect def test2(): frame = inspect.currentframe().f_back cls = frame.[?something here?] # cls here should == B (class) c = C() c.test() Basically, C is child of B, B is child of A. Then we create c of type C. Then the call to c.test() actually calls B.test() (via inheritance), which calls to test2(). test2() can get the parent frame frame; code reference to method via frame.f_code; self via frame.f_locals['self']; but type(frame.f_locals['self']) is C (of course), but not B, where method is defined. Any way to get B?

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• Python - question regarding the concurrent use of `multiprocess`.

  - by orokusaki

  I want to use Python's multiprocessing to do concurrent processing without using locks (locks to me are the opposite of multiprocessing) because I want to build up multiple reports from different resources at the exact same time during a web request (normally takes about 3 seconds but with multiprocessing I can do it in .5 seconds). My problem is that, if I expose such a feature to the web and get 10 users pulling the same report at the same time, I suddenly have 60 interpreters open at the same time (which would crash the system). Is this just the common sense result of using multiprocessing, or is there a trick to get around this potential nightmare? Thanks

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• Sqlite and Python -- return a dictionary using fetchone()?

  - by AndrewO

  I'm using sqlite3 in python 2.5. I've created a table that looks like this: create table votes ( bill text, senator_id text, vote text) I'm accessing it with something like this: v_cur.execute("select * from votes") row = v_cur.fetchone() bill = row[0] senator_id = row[1] vote = row[2] What I'd like to be able to do is have fetchone (or some other method) return a dictionary, rather than a list, so that I can refer to the field by name rather than position. For example: bill = row['bill'] senator_id = row['senator_id'] vote = row['vote'] I know you can do this with MySQL, but does anyone know how to do it with SQLite? Thanks!!!

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• python: strange behavior about exec statement

  - by ifocus

  exec statement: exec code [ in globals[, locals]] When I execute the following code in python, the result really confused me. Some of the variables were setup into the globals, some were setup into the locals. s = """ # test var define int_v1 = 1 list_v1 = [1, 2, 3] dict_v1 = {1: 'hello', 2:'world', 3:'!'} # test built-in function list_v2 = [float(x) for x in list_v1] len_list_v1 = len(list_v1) # test function define def func(): global g_var, list_v1, dict_v1 print 'access var in globals:' print g_var print 'access var in locals:' for x in list_v1: print dict_v1[x] """ g = {'__builtins__': __builtins__, 'g_var': 'global'} l = {} exec s in g, l print 'globals:', g print 'locals:', l exec 'func()' in g, l the result in python2.6.5: globals: {'__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, 'dict_v1': {1: 'hello', 2: 'world', 3: '!'}, 'g_var': 'global', 'list_v1': [1, 2, 3]} locals: {'int_v1': 1, 'func': <function func at 0x00ACA270>, 'x': 3, 'len_list_v1': 3, 'list_v2': [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]} access var in globals: global access var in locals: hello world ! And if I want to setup all variables and functions into the locals, and keep the rights of accessing the globals. How to do ?

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• Python BOM error in Ascii file

  - by Intosia

  I have a wierd annoying problem with Python 2.6 I trying to run this file (and the other), on my Embedded Linux ARM board. http://svn.tuxisalive.com/software_suite_v3/smart-core/smart-server/trunk/TDSService.py I get this error File "tuxhttpserver.py", line 1 SyntaxError: encoding problem: with BOM I know that error is about the BOM bytes etc etc. BUT, there are NO BOM bytes, its plain Ascii. I checked with a Hexeditor, and the linux File command says its Ascii. Im freaking out here... The code worked fine on my Sheevaplug (also a ARM based system).

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• How to join two wav file using python??

  - by kaushik

  I am using python programming language,I want to join to wav file one at the end of other wav file? I have a Question in the forum which suggest how to merge two wav file i.e add the contents of one wav file at certain offset,but i want to join two wav file at the end of each other... And also i had a prob playing the my own wav file,using winsound module..I was able to play the sound but using the time.sleep for certain time before playin any windows sound,disadvantage wit this is if i wanted to play a sound longer thn time.sleep(N),N sec also,the windows sound wil jst overlap after N sec play the winsound nd stop.. Can anyone help??please kindly suggest to how to solve these prob... Thanks in advance

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• Python proper use of __str__ and __repr__

  - by Peter

  Hey, My current project requires extensive use of bit fields. I found a simple, functional recipe for bit a field class but it was lacking a few features I needed, so I decided to extend it. I've just got to implementing __str__ and __repr__ and I want to make sure I'm following convention. __str__ is supposed to be informal and concice, so I've made it return the bit field's decimal value (i.e. str(bit field 11) would be "3". __repr__ is supposed to be a official representation of the object, so I've made it return the actual bit string (i.e. repr(bit field 11) would be "11"). In your opinion would this implementation meet the conventions for str and repr? Additionally, I have used the bin() function to get the bit string of the value stored in the class. This isn't compatible with Python < 2.6, is there an alternative method? Cheers, Pete

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• Check if Rhythmbox is running via Python

  - by cschol

  I am trying to extract information from Rhythmbox via dbus, but I only want to do so, if Rhythmbox is running. Is there a way to check if Rhythmbox is running via Python without starting it if it is not running? Whenever I invoke the dbus code like this: bus = dbus.Bus() obj = bus.get_object("org.gnome.Rhythmbox", "/org/gnome/Rhythmbox/Shell") iface = dbus.Interface(obj, "org.gnome.Rhythmbox.Shell) and Rhythmbox is not running, it then starts it. Can I check via dbus if Rhythmbox is running without actually starting it? Or is there any other way, other than parsing the list of currently running processes, to do so?

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• Most useful Python modules from the standard library?

  - by EOL

  I am teaching a graduate level Python class at the University of Paris, and the students need to be introduced to the standard library. I want to discuss with them about some of the most important standard modules. What modules do you think are absolute musts? Even though responses probably vary depending on your field (web programming, science, etc.), I feel that some modules are commonly needed: math, sys, re, os, os.path, logging,… and maybe: collections, struct,… What modules would you suggest I present, in a 1 or 2 hour slot?

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• compute mean in python for a generator

  - by nmaxwell

  Hi, I'm doing some statistics work, I have a (large) collection of random numbers to compute the mean of, I'd like to work with generators, because I just need to compute the mean, so I don't need to store the numbers. The problem is that numpy.mean breaks if you pass it a generator. I can write a simple function to do what I want, but I'm wondering if there's a proper, built-in way to do this? It would be nice if I could say "sum(values)/len(values)", but len doesn't work for genetators, and sum already consumed values. here's an example: import numpy def my_mean(values): n = 0 Sum = 0.0 try: while True: Sum += next(values) n += 1 except StopIteration: pass return float(Sum)/n X = [k for k in range(1,7)] Y = (k for k in range(1,7)) print numpy.mean(X) print my_mean(Y) these both give the same, correct, answer, buy my_mean doesn't work for lists, and numpy.mean doesn't work for generators. I really like the idea of working with generators, but details like this seem to spoil things. thanks for any help -nick

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• python list directory , subdirectory and files

  - by thomytheyon

  Hi Alls, I'm trying to make a script to list all directory, subdirectory, and files in a given directory. I tried this : import sys,os root="/home/patate/directory/" path=os.path.join(root,"targetdirectory") for r,d,f in os.walk(path): for file in f: print os.path.join(root,file) Unfortunatly it doesn't work properly, i get all the files, but not them complete path. like : if the dir struct would be : /home/patate/directory/targetdirectory/123/456/789/file.txt It would print: /home/patate/directory/targetdirectory/file.txt What i need is the first result, any help would be greatly appreciated ! Thanks

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• How to Redirect a Python Console output to a QTextBox

  - by krishnanunni

  Hello, I'm working on developing a GUI for the recompilation of Linux kernel. For this I need to implement 4-5 Linux commands from Python. I use Qt as GUI designer. I have successfully implemented the commands using os.system() call. But the output is obtained at the console. The real problem is the output of command is a listing that takes almost 20-25 min continuous printing. How we can transfer this console output to a text box designed in Qt. Can any one help me to implement the setSource() operation in Qt using source as the live console outputs.

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• problem with hierarchical clustering in Python

  - by user248237

  I am doing a hierarchical clustering a 2 dimensional matrix by correlation distance metric (i.e. 1 - Pearson correlation). My code is the following (the data is in a variable called "data"): from hcluster import * Y = pdist(data, 'correlation') cluster_type = 'average' Z = linkage(Y, cluster_type) dendrogram(Z) The error I get is: ValueError: Linkage 'Z' contains negative distances. What causes this error? The matrix "data" that I use is simply: [[ 156.651968 2345.168618] [ 158.089968 2032.840106] [ 207.996413 2786.779081] [ 151.885804 2286.70533 ] [ 154.33665 1967.74431 ] [ 150.060182 1931.991169] [ 133.800787 1978.539644] [ 112.743217 1478.903191] [ 125.388905 1422.3247 ]] I don't see how pdist could ever produce negative numbers when taking 1 - pearson correlation. Any ideas on this? thank you.

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• Google Application Engine slow in case of Python...

  - by Aftershock

  hi, I am reading a "table" in Python in GAE that has 1000 rows and the program stops because the time limit is reached. (So it takes at least 20 seconds.)( Is that possible that GAE is that slow? Is there a way to fix that? Is this because I use free service and I do not pay for it? Thank you. The code itself is this: for u in userall: # userall has 1000 users for stockname in stocknamesall: # 4 stocks astock= stocksowned() astock.quantity = random.randint(1,100) astock.nameid = u.key() astock.stockid = stockname.key() liststocks.append(astock);

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• Generating Mouse-Keyboard combination events in python

  - by freakazo

  I want to be able to do a combination of keypresses and mouseclicks simultaneously, as in for example Control+LeftClick At the moment I am able to do Control and then a left click with the following code: import win32com, win32api, win32con def CopyBox( x, y): time.sleep(.2) wsh = win32com.client.Dispatch("WScript.Shell") wsh.SendKeys("^") win32api.SetCursorPos((x,y)) win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, x, y, 0, 0) win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, x, y, 0, 0) What this does is press control on the keyboard, then it clicks. I need it to keep the controll pressed longer and return while it's still pressed to continue running the code. Is there a maybe lower level way of saying press the key and then later in the code tell it to lift up the key such as like what the mouse is doing?

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• float change from python 3.0.1 to 3.1.2

  - by Jeremy

  Im trying to learn python. I am using 3.1.2 and the o'reilly book is using 3.0.1 here is my code import urllib.request price = (99.99) while price 4.74: page = urllib.request.urlopen ("http://www.beans-r-us.biz/prices-loyalty.html") text = page.read().decode("utf8") where = text.find('>$') start_of_price = where + 2 end_of_price = start_of_price + 6 price = float(text[start_of_price:end_of_price]) print ("Buy!") - here is my error Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Users/odin/Desktop/Coffe.py", line 14, in price = float(text[start_of_price:end_of_price]) ValueError: invalid literal for float(): 4.59 what is wrong? please help!!

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• python regex for repeating string

  - by Lars Nordin

  I am wanting to verify and then parse this string (in quotes): string = "start: c12354, c3456, 34526;" //Note that some codes begin with 'c' I would like to verify that the string starts with 'start:' and ends with ';' Afterward, I would like to have a regex parse out the strings. I tried the following python re code: regx = r"V1 OIDs: (c?[0-9]+,?)+;" reg = re.compile(regx) matched = reg.search(string) print ' matched.groups()', matched.groups() I have tried different variations but I can either get the first or the last code but not a list of all three. Or should I abandon using a regex?

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• Python `.pth` files and using relative paths

  - by kRON

  I have a lot of development versions of packages installed with virtualenv under the default /src directory in the environment. Normally, I decided to do the development of my project under the /src directory afterwards. To add my directory to the Python path, I decided to eschew from using any absolute paths, since I'm going to have to move the project around with my friends. It's a Django application, so I was happy with putting environment.pth under the root that contained the path to my project and a wsgi in the same directory would call the sites module to parse environment.pth. All good. I was also looking to move the .pth file into site-packages, but I'm having trouble with relative paths that move up the directory tree. For: /env /lib /site-pacakges /src /myproject So, the .pth entry in site-packages to myproject should look like ../../src/myproject, but this doesn't seem to be working for me on Windows.

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• Python grab class in class definition.

  - by epochwolf

  I don't even know how to explain this, so here is the code I'm trying. class Test: type = self.__name__ #self doesn't work, how do I get a reference to Test? class Test2(Test): pass #Test2.type should return "Test2" The reason I'm even trying this is I'm working on creating a base class for an orm I'm using. I want to avoid defining the table name for every model I have. Also knowing what the limits of python is will help me avoid wasting time trying impossible things.

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• python: multiline regular expression

  - by facha

  Hi, everyone I have a piece of text and I've got to parse usernames and hashes out of it. Right now I'm doing it with two regular expressions. Could I do it with just one multiline regular expression? #!/usr/bin/env python import re test_str = """ Hello, UserName. Please read this looooooooooooooooong text. hash Now, write down this hash: fdaf9399jef9qw0j. Then keep reading this loooooooooong text. Hello, UserName2. Please read this looooooooooooooooong text. hash Now, write down this hash: gtwnhton340gjr2g. Then keep reading this loooooooooong text. """ logins = re.findall('Hello, (?P<login>.+).',test_str) hashes = re.findall('hash: (?P<hash>.+).',test_str)

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• Python Parse CSV Correctly

  - by cornerstone

  I am very new to Python. I want to parse a csv file such that it will recognize quoted values - For example 1997,Ford,E350,"Super, luxurious truck" should be split as ('1997', 'Ford', 'E350', 'Super, luxurious truck') and NOT ('1997', 'Ford', 'E350', '"Super', ' luxurious truck"') the above is what I get if I use something like str.split(). How do I do this? Also would it be best to store these values in an array or some other data structure? because after I get these values from the csv I want to be able to easily choose, lets say any two of the columns and store it as another array or some other data structure. Thanks in advance.

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• Python problem with resize animate GIF

  - by gigimon

  Hello! I'm want to resize animated GIF with save animate. I'm try use PIL and PythonMagickWand (ImageMagick) and with some GIF's get bad frame. When I'm use PIL, it mar frame in read frame. For test, I'm use this code: from PIL import Image im = Image.open('d:/box_opens_closes.gif') im.seek(im.tell()+1) im.seek(im.tell()+1) im.seek(im.tell()+1) im.show() When I'm use MagickWand with this code: wand = NewMagickWand() MagickReadImage(wand, 'd:/Box_opens_closes.gif') MagickSetLastIterator(wand) length = MagickGetIteratorIndex(wand) MagickSetFirstIterator(wand) for i in range(0, length+1): MagickSetIteratorIndex(wand,i) MagickScaleImage(wand, 87, 58) MagickWriteImages(wand, 'path', 1) My GIF where I'm get bad frame this: test gif In GIF editor software, all freme is ok. Where problem? Thx

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