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• Monitor network traffic on a per-app basis in OS X?

  - by dougoftheabaci

  Title says it all. I'm looking for an app for OS X that will tell me what applications are using the network and what their in/out is. I can get most of the way there with LittleSnitch but it's the bandwidth part that it fails at. The only app I've come across that comes close is "Rubbernet" and while it does look like it would probably do what I want, it's very expensive (more than LittleSnitch) and doesn't look like it gets regular feature updates. Any recommendations?

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• CentOS/Apache killing connections

  - by fin1te

  Getting a really strange error. Basically, whenever I browse to my server (http://[ip_address] or http://[hostname]), it doesn't load, and my active SSH connection drops out. I installed CentOS 5.5, and then httpd and PHP 5.3. No other applications where installed, so I can't imagine it's something else causing it. I also reinstalled CentOS 5.5 again, completely fresh, the only thing I did to it was yum install httpd, and it still caused this issue. I've changed nothing in the config or anything else. Driving me mad, has anyone heard of this? It's really frustrating since everytime I attempt to debug this issue, I get kicked off SSH and have to log back in. Theres nothing in the Apache error logs, and nothing in the access log recording my attempt. Also, the result from uname - Linux [hostname] 2.6.35.4-rscloud #8 SMP Mon Sep 20 15:54:33 UTC 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux Thank you

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• Cannot connect to WEBrick on home network

  - by Chris Stewart

  I'm an Android developer and often my applications require server-side code. I typically use Ruby on Rails for the web app, and during development will run the server on my local machine (Mac OS X) with WEBrick. In the morning when I get to the office, I'll run ifconfig in the console to see what IP my laptop has been given that day. I'll use that IP in my Android app when making requests to the web app in question. This all works fine, when I'm in my office. When I get home, I attempt to do the same thing, find my laptop's IP via ifconfig, set it in my app's config file, but the destination can never be found. To exclude my app from the set of hurdles, I attempt to visit the web server IP (e.g., http://192.168.1.4:3000) from my phone's browser, and it cannot connect. If I try from my laptop, which is running the web server, it works fine. If I try from another machine, on the same network, it also is unable to connect. Given this, I think I've narrowed it down to some kind of configuration in my home network, but I frankly have no idea what the cause could be. I don't have anything special at home, your basic Verizon FiOS router/modem with everything connected via Wi-Fi (Wi-Fi for both phone and laptop at work as well, fyi). I've tried disabling the firewall on my Verizon router, enabling port forwarding, and just about everything else I could do for port 3000, and nothing has changed. Dear Server Fault geniuses, please help a poor developer out. :) Edit: Some follow up items to add. My Mac's firewall is not active, and all incoming requests are allowed. I've also verified on my phone and laptop, that they're on the same network (192.168.1.4 Mac, 192.168.1.9 Phone). I have no idea why this isn't working. Edit 2: I went into System Preferences, enabled Web Sharing, and tried to view the website from my phone and it didn't connect. So it's not WEBrick or related to Rails. The firewall on my machine is off and the firewall on my router is off. Edit 3: Some progress. I set up port forwarding for port 3000 to my laptop, found the external IP, and used that and it connected fine. So, there's definitely something not quite set up correctly on my internal network.

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• Why my laptop sends ARP request to itself ?

  - by user58859

  I have just started to learn about protocols. While studying the packets in wireshark, I came across a ARP request sent by my machine to my own IP. Here is the details of the packet : No. Time Source Destination Protocol Info 15 1.463563 IntelCor_aa:aa:aa Broadcast ARP Who has 192.168.1.34? Tell 0.0.0.0 Frame 15: 42 bytes on wire (336 bits), 42 bytes captured (336 bits) Arrival Time: Jan 7, 2011 18:51:43.886089000 India Standard Time Epoch Time: 1294406503.886089000 seconds [Time delta from previous captured frame: 0.123389000 seconds] [Time delta from previous displayed frame: 0.123389000 seconds] [Time since reference or first frame: 1.463563000 seconds] Frame Number: 15 Frame Length: 42 bytes (336 bits) Capture Length: 42 bytes (336 bits) [Frame is marked: False] [Frame is ignored: False] [Protocols in frame: eth:arp] [Coloring Rule Name: ARP] [Coloring Rule String: arp] Ethernet II, Src: IntelCor_aa:aa:aa (aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa), Dst: Broadcast (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) Destination: Broadcast (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) Address: Broadcast (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) .... ...1 .... .... .... .... = IG bit: Group address (multicast/broadcast) .... ..1. .... .... .... .... = LG bit: Locally administered address (this is NOT the factory default) Source: IntelCor_aa:aa:aa (aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa) Address: IntelCor_aa:aa:aa (aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa) .... ...0 .... .... .... .... = IG bit: Individual address (unicast) .... ..0. .... .... .... .... = LG bit: Globally unique address (factory default) Type: ARP (0x0806) Address Resolution Protocol (request) Hardware type: Ethernet (0x0001) Protocol type: IP (0x0800) Hardware size: 6 Protocol size: 4 Opcode: request (0x0001) [Is gratuitous: False] Sender MAC address: IntelCor_aa:aa:aa (aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa) Sender IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0) Target MAC address: 00:00:00_00:00:00 (00:00:00:00:00:00) Target IP address: 192.168.1.34 (192.168.1.34) Here the sender's mac address is mine(Here I have hiden my mac address). target IP is mine. Why my machine is sending ARP request to itself? I found 3 packets of this type. There was no ARP reply for these packets. Can anybody explain me why it is? (My operating system is windows-7. I am directly connected to a wifi modem. I got these packets as soon as I started my connection.) I want one suggestion also. many places I read that RFC's are enough for study about protocols. I studied the RFC 826 on ARP. I personally feel that is not enough at all. Any suggestion regarding this? Is there more then 1 RFC for a protocol? I want to study about the protocols in very detail. Can anybody guide me for this? Thanks in advance.

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• What kernel modules are required for wi-fi to work?

  - by Leonid Shevtsov

  My custom-built 2.6.32 kernel cannot connect to any WPA-protected network. The kernel includes (probably?) everything that should be needed for wifi, including IPv4 network support (IPv6 is disabled), the ath5k wireless driver (which is used in the generic Ubuntu 2.6.31 kernel) and all crypto APIs. The card is being detected, however, iwlist scan returns wlan0 Failed to read scan data : Network is down and network-manager log says <info> (wlan0): driver supports SSID scans (scan_capa 0x01). <info> (wlan0): new 802.11 WiFi device (driver: 'ath5k') <info> (wlan0): exported as /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Devices/1 <info> (wlan0): now managed <info> (wlan0): device state change: 1 -> 2 (reason 2) <info> (wlan0): bringing up device. <info> (wlan0): preparing device. <info> (wlan0): deactivating device (reason: 2). supplicant_interface_acquire: assertion `mgr_state == NM_SUPPLICANT_MANAGER_STATE_IDLE' failed <info> modem-manager is now available <WARN> default_adapter_cb(): bluez error getting default adapter: The name org.bluez was not provided by any .service files <info> Trying to start the supplicant... <info> (wlan0): supplicant manager state: down -> idle <info> (wlan0): device state change: 2 -> 3 (reason 0) <WARN> nm_supplicant_interface_add_cb(): Unexpected supplicant error getting interface: wpa_supplicant couldn't grab this interface. The exact same configuration works with the generic kernel. Is anything except wifi and crypto api needed for wi-fi to work?

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• How to use a home network patch panel?

  - by Torben Gundtofte-Bruun

  I'm planning a home network in a house that's not built yet. One recommendation is to add network sockets in various rooms and have them all end in a central place, where it all connects using a network switch. So far so good. Another recommendation says to not connect everything directly to the switch, but to a patch panel which in turn is connected to the switch. I'm unsure why this is good. Is there any practical advantage of using a patch panel if you're not planning to re-wire things very often? How does a patch panel actually work? Let's say it has 24 ports. Does it have another 24 ports on the backside that go to the switch, or what? Wikipedia isn't helpful on this. Clarification: I am planning to run network cables through conduits inside the walls and terminated with network sockets in the wall (as opposed to having just conduits and long regular network cables that have a normal plug in each end). Going by RedGrittyBrick's answer, a patch panel is nearly unavoidable in that case.

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• How do I keep a bridge enabled on a bonded interface?

  - by jlawer

  I'm working on setting up a pair of CentOS 6.3 servers that will run a couple of KVM vms and have come across a problem setting up a bridge on a bond. I am using Mode 4 (802.3ad) bonding on a pair of stacked Dell Powerconnect 5524 switches connecting to R320 servers. There are 2 links (1 to each switch) that form a Link Aggregation Group (802.3ad / LACP bonding). On top of the bond I have VLAN Tagging. I've verified this is a problem on multiple other bonding modes so it isn't just a mode 4 issue. I am testing what happens when 1 link is dropped (ie switch dies, cable breaks, etc). If I don't have a bridge (for KVM), everything works fine, failover happens as expected. If I have the bridge enabled, it works fine until failover (unplugging a cable). When failover happens /var/log/messages shows the slave link going down, followed within a second by: kernel: br1: port 1(bond0.8) entering disabled state The thing is /proc/net/bonding/bond0 shows the link is up as expected (simply with only 1 slave instead of 2). If I plug the cable back in it recovers and brings the bridge back to an enabled state. I actually have tested this while a ping is occuring and if the timing is right a packet will actually leave the system after the link is lost, but before the disabled message occurs. This disabled state I assumed was STP, but I have disabled STP on the bridge configuration and this issue still occurs. brctl showstp br1 still shows the link as disabled when it is running without a slave. I also switched between the nics in the server (I have 2x Broadcom & 4x intel). It doesn't matter which configuration I have. Does anyone know of a way to force the bridge to stay enabled or why its detecting the bond as disabled, when it isn't?

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• How can I switch from a custom linux network namespace back to the default one?

  - by Martin

  With ip netns exec you can execute a command in a custom network namespace - but is there also a way to execute a command in the default namespace? For example, after executing these two commands: sudo ip netns add test_ns sudo ip netns exec test_ns bash How can the newly created bash execute programs in the default network namespace? There is no ip netns exec default or anything similar as far as I've found. My scenario is: I want to run a SSH server in a separate network namespace (to keep the rest of the system unaware of the network connection, as the system is used for network testing), but want to be able to execute programs in the default network namespace via the SSH connection. What I've found out so far: Created network namespaces are listed as files under /var/run/netns (but there is no file for the default namespace) The ip netns exec code can be found here: http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/shemminger/iproute2.git/tree/ip/ipnetns.c#n132 - I haven't grasped everything that it is doing yet, but it doesn't look very promising. ip netns identify $$ as suggested by Howto query and change network namespace on linux? returns nothing when in the default network namespace

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• Qnap won't connect to Windows Share

  - by thetrashcan

  I have a qnap nmp-1000 in my network and would like to stream my films from my win7 laptop to the nmap-1000 device. I just managed to do so with upnp sharing, but I would like to, for security reasons, share my files over a shared folder which is password protected. My problem is when I'm searching for devices on my network with the qnap then it won't find any. When I try to mount a remote disk on my qnap it will just fail with an connection failed message. But when I try to connect to the qnap device with my laptop, it does this succesfully. Can someone guide me through on how to get my setup working?

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• Is it safe to leave a broadband router running 24/7?

  - by Anirvan

  My father-in-law's ISP warned him in the strictest possible terms to physically turn off his rented Nokia Siemens C2110 PPPoE broadband router when not in use. Everyone I know leaves their broadband router on all the time, and I've never heard of any negative impacts. Is leaving a consumer broadband router running 24/7 really problematic? Is the ISP in question being ridiculously paranoid?

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• How to determine most stable Cisco IOS release?

  - by Chris J

  This post is about a Catalyst 4948E switch. I was looking on the download page and realized that there are no "GD" versions available. Are the "ED" versions stable? Even if you change "ED" to "GD" in the URL the IOS images are still the same. http://www.cisco.com/cisco/software/release.html?mdfid=283027810&flowid=3592&softwareid=280805680&release=15.1.1-SG2&relind=AVAILABLE&rellifecycle=ED&reltype=latest Is 15.1 as reliable as 15.0? My devices are currently on the 12.2 train. Is there anything special to upgrade to one of the 15.x trains? Are the configurations compatible.

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• infiniband network between 3 servers

  - by grumpf

  Let's say I have 3 different servers, each one with an infiniband card. Each card has 2 different ports. (I don't know about the model yet) Is it possible to create 3 different networks and to allow the 3 servers to communicate with each other without any problems? (and any spof). I guess I just have to setup the /etc/hosts correctly. I really don't know about infiniband, so please help me :) Thanks in advance. EDIT: Point is to NOT USE a switch!

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• Latency in TCP/IP-over-Ethernet networks

  - by aix

  What resources (books, Web pages etc) exist out there that: explain the causes of latency in TCP/IP-over-Ethernet networks; mention tools for looking out for things that cause latency (e.g. certain entries in netstat -s); suggest ways to tweak the Linux TCP stack to reduce TCP latency (Nagle, socket buffers etc). The closest I am aware of is this document, but it's rather brief. Alternatively, you're welcome to answer the above questions directly.

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• "The connection to the server was reset while the page was loading"

  - by andygeers

  I've just taken over managing the network for a small charity, and am finding internet access very flaky - we keep getting "The connection to the server was reset while the page was loading." errors (HTTP Error 12031 according to the Windows network diagnostic tool). It doesn't seem to be anything to do with our ISP since it also affects internal traffic (even requests to an Apache instance on my localhost!) Adjusting the MTU setting in the Windows XP registry sometimes seems to help for a few minutes after rebooting, but the problem always returns.

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• How to route traffic through a specific SOCKS proxy on a per-app basis?

  - by GJ.

  I'm running a certain desktop app (actually via AIR if it makes any difference) which doesn't have any built-in proxy configuration settings. I need to get all traffic just from this app directed through a secure SOCKS proxy. This implies I can't use the global network preferences, as these would affect many other apps. Is there any way to force all network communication through a given SOCKS proxy on a per-app basis? It would also be helpful to know if there's a way to perform such routing globally, based on specific IP addresses (as this could allow for some reasonable workaround).

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• How to increase signal/range of your Wi-Fi antenna-less repeater/booster over the network?

  - by kenorb

  I've BT Home Hub in the upper flat (2-3 walls behind) and I'm using WPS Wireless-N Wifi Range Router Repeater Extender in my flat where I'm using my laptop. These are antenna-less devices. Are there any life-hack tricks to increase signal/range of my repeater without buying the new more powerful repeater? I've tried already to move my repeater closer to the ceiling or putting the aluminium foil underneath, but it didn't help. Are there any methods, specific plates or materials which can boost the signal? Specification: Model: WN518W2 Frequency range: 2.4-2.4835GHz Wireless transmit power: 14 ~17 dBm (Typical) Wireless Signal Rates With Automatic Fallback: 11n: Up to 300Mbps(dynamic), 11g: Up to 54Mbps(dynamic), 11b: Up to 11Mbps(dynamic) Modulation Technology: DBPSK, DQPSK, CCK, OFDM, 16-QAM, 64-QAM Receiver Sensitivity: 300M: -68dBm@10% PER / 150M: -68dBm@10% PER / 108M: -68dBm@10% PER / 54M: -68dBm@10% PER / 11M: -85dBm@8% PER / 6M: -88dBm@10% PER / 1M: -90dBm@8% PER Product dimensions: 11 * 6 * 7cm

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• Get the wireless adapter frequency-band mode in Windows 7

  - by Petr

  I have a dual-band 802.11n router operating in both frequency bands with the same SSID. My Windows 7 laptop has a dual-band wireless adapter. Is there a way to find out which frequency band is the one currently used by the client? Also, is there a way to set the preffered band? Thanks. EDIT1: The router is Linksys E4200 (V2) and I essentially want to keep the 2.4GHz band in the mixed-mode so that the legacy 802.11g devices can connect while allocating the 5.0GHz band for 802.11n devices. The laptop's adapter (Intel Centrino Ultimate-N 6300 ANG) can operate in both 802.11n modes. EDIT2: Related topic

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• Curl authentication

  - by Jack Humphries

  I am trying to download a file with cURL from a password protected directory on my site. It is not working. Instead of the downloading the requested file, it downloads a HTML file that says, "Authentication Required!" I'm not sure what the problem is. I've tried both of these (with the same result). The username and password are correct (and if the link below is used in a web browser, the file downloads successfully). 1) The username and password are included as part of the URL. curl https://username:[email protected]/auth/file.dmg --O /file.dmg; 2) The username and password are included as an option. curl -u username:wordpass.1 https://www.example.com/auth/file.dmg --O /file.dmg;

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• strange behaviour - dhclient needs to be run twice in order to connect to wireless

  - by splicer

  I am trying to connect my to my wlan without the use of NetworkManager. I run the following commands after boot: iwconfig wlan0 enc <WEP passwd> mode managed essid <name> channel 6 ifconfig wlan0 up dhclient wlan0 At this point, dhclient stalls for ages (perhaps 2 minutes), then it returns with PING 192.168.1.254 (192.168.1.254) from 192.168.1.65 wlan0: 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.1.254 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3000ms pipe 3 .. The strange thing is that when I run pkill dhclient; dhclient wlan0 right after this, it connects in about <3 seconds. Any idea what could be the cause of this problem? Edit: oh, and I did try using the -timeout flag on dhclient but that didn't seem to make any difference (it still stalled for ages).

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• Wireless router not connection -> AP Not associated

  - by candido

  I can not connect to internet by wireless router after some months with ubuntu 10.04. I can connect with the same portable but with win OS. My SO is ubuntu 10.04 linux 2.6.32-41 arch SMP i686. The internet wireless network controller is Atheros AR9285 chipset (pci express) Kernel module ath9k I have tried a command line connection: $ sudo /etc/init.d/network-manager stop #stop gui network manager $ iwconfig wlan0 essid WLAN_3C key s:C001D20550B3C $ ifconfig Access Point: NOT-ASSOCIATED $dmesg ... AP 00:1a:2b:08:60:49 associated Is the SO has connected to router for booting long ( associated message), after boot and login why the connection to router is not possible by network-manager or command line (NOT associated message)? Thanks in advance

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• unable to access a NAT'ed IP via a VPN on Windows 7

  - by crmpicco

  I connect to a range of servers hosted by one provider via a VPN. I can connect to the VPN fine, however when I then go and try and connect to the server(s) it fails. A NAT'ed IP address that has worked up until today, has stopped working either via SSH/SFTP. As you can see below, if I try and ping the IP then it responds with Destination host unreachable, but, for some reason it says the reply is from 192.168.0.8? If it enter this IP address in my browser, I get nothing. Where is this IP coming from and is there any good reason why I cannot access the IP I am trying to ping? C:\Users\crmpicco>ping 172.26.100.x Pinging 172.26.100.x with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.0.8: Destination host unreachable. Reply from 192.168.0.8: Destination host unreachable. Reply from 192.168.0.8: Destination host unreachable. Reply from 192.168.0.8: Destination host unreachable. Ping statistics for 172.26.100.x: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), I have the VPN remote host address of 80.75.67.x, which shows me as being connected. But i'm unsure if there is a config issue at the server side or my end that has caused this issue? I have had some recent Win7 (automatic) updates, but it's hard to tell if that's caused this problem. This is my output from arp: C:\Users\cmorton>arp -a Interface: 192.168.0.8 --- 0xe Internet Address Physical Address Type 192.168.0.1 00-18-4d-b9-68-5e dynami 192.168.0.6 00-f4-b9-68-0c-9a dynami 192.168.0.7 08-00-27-f2-9f-d6 dynami 192.168.0.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff static 224.0.0.22 01-00-5e-00-00-16 static 224.0.0.251 01-00-5e-00-00-fb static 224.0.0.252 01-00-5e-00-00-fc static 239.255.255.250 01-00-5e-7f-ff-fa static 255.255.255.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff static Interface: 192.168.56.1 --- 0x15 Internet Address Physical Address Type 192.168.56.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff static 224.0.0.22 01-00-5e-00-00-16 static 224.0.0.251 01-00-5e-00-00-fb static 224.0.0.252 01-00-5e-00-00-fc static 255.255.255.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff static

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• Cannot connect to network

  - by dany

  I have a problem: I am on Debian. I configured my nic with a static ip (192.168.1.56). When I try to connect to a network, initially with ifconfig eth2 I get (correctly): eth2 inet addr:192.168.1.56 .... inet6 addr: fe80:221:ff:fe96:4598/64 but after a few seconds the 192.168.1.56 disappears and after some other seconds disappears the inet6 address too. When I press in the nm-applet it requires me the password but in the meantime it try to connect. At uni, the connection is a DHCP one. It works for the first few seconds but after it doesn't. Any possible solution? Here it is the relevant part of the syslog: (static ip configuration) http://pastebin.com/u3BPAsda

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• How much packet loss is normal?

  - by Fabian

  I started monitoring our network using SmokePing. Users occasionally complain about bad network connections, but the problems went away after some minutes usually. I now wanted to get some more quantitative information about those problems. SmokePing regularly pings servers inside our network, in a connected network and outside hosts. I only have a limited amount of control over our internal network and none at all for the connection to the outside and to the second network. I now see quite often (2-4 times a day) that packets to the second network and the outside are dropped. Most of the times it is 1-2 packets out of 20, sometimes more. Inside our internal network no packets are dropped. Is this an expected amount of packet loss, or does it indicate that something is wrong? I'm mainly wondering if I should bother the university IT department about it, or if I should just accept it as it is.

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• Route an IP from WAN to a host on LAN on OpenWRT

  - by Zsub

  EDIT: I know how to use NAT, I specifically want the server to be reachable on two IP's, one private, one public, with the firewall of the OpenWRT in between, if feasible. At the office we have recieved a /29 from our ISP. The first address is reserved for their endpoint, so I'm free to use five addresses. We run a local network, so of course there is a router in between running OpenWRT to provide all hosts with (W)LAN (dhcp from a private range). However, we also have a server running OS X Server 10.6 (Snow Leopard) and I'd like that server to be accessible both from the LAN using a private IP as well as from the WAN on it's own public IP. Point of note is that the server only has one network port, so multiple NICs is not an option, unfortunately. How would I go about doing this?

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• VLAN for WiFi traffic separation (new to VLANing)

  - by Philip

  I run a school network with switches in different departments. All is routed through to a central switch to access the servers. I would like to install WiFi access points in the different departments and have this routed through the firewall (an Untangle box that can captive-portal the traffic, to provide authentication) before it gets onto the LAN or to the Internet. I know that the ports that the APs connect to on the relevant switches need to be set to a different VLAN. My question is how do I configure these ports. Which are tagged? Which are untagged? I obviously don't want to interrupt normal network traffic. Am I correct in saying: The majority of the ports should be UNTAGGED VLAN 1? Those that have WiFi APs attached should be UNTAGGED VLAN 2 (only) The uplinks to the central switch should be TAGGED VLAN 1 and TAGGED VLAN 2 The central switch's incoming ports from the outlying switches should also be TAGGED VLAN 1 and TAGGED VLAN 2 There will be two links to the firewall (each on its own NIC), one UNTAGGED VLAN 1 (for normal internet access traffic) and one UNTAGGED VLAN 2 (for captive portal authentication). This does mean that all wireless traffic will be routed over a single NIC which will also up the workload for the firewall. At this stage, I'm not concerned about that load.

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