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• git commit best practices

  - by Ivan Z. Siu

  I am using git to manage a C++ project. When I am working on the projects, I find it hard to organize the changes into commits when changing things that are related to many places. For example, I may change a class interface in a .h file, which will affect the corresponding .cpp file, and also other files using it. I am not sure whether it is reasonable to put all the stuff into one big commit. Intuitively, I think the commits should be modular, each one of them corresponds to a functional update/change, so that the collaborators could pick things accordingly. But seems that sometimes it is inevitable to include lots of files and changes to make a functional change actually work. Searching did not yield me any good suggestion or tips. Hence I wonder if anyone could give me some best practices when doing commits. Thanks! PS. I've been using git for a while and I know how to interactively add/rebase/split/amend/... What I am asking is the PHILOSOPHY part.

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• What can I do to get Mozilla Firefox to preload the eventual image result?

  - by Dalal

  I am attempting to preload images using JavaScript. I have declared an array as follows with image links from different places: var imageArray = new Array(); imageArray[0] = new Image(); imageArray[1] = new Image(); imageArray[2] = new Image(); imageArray[3] = new Image(); imageArray[0].src = "http://www.bollywoodhott.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/arjun-rampal.jpg"; imageArray[1].src = "http://labelleetleblog.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/josie-maran.jpg"; imageArray[2].src = "http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_22EXDJCJp3s/SxbIcZHTHTI/AAAAAAAAIXc/fkaDiOKjd-I/s400/black-male-model.jpg"; imageArray[3].src = "http://www.iill.net/wp-content/uploads/images/hot-chick.jpg"; The image fade and transformation effects that I am doing using this array work properly for the first 3 images, but for the last one, imageArray[3], the actual image data of the image does not get preloaded and it completely ruins the effect, since the actual image data loads AFTERWARDS, only at the time it needs to be displayed, it seems. This happens because the last link http://www.iill.net/wp-content/uploads/images/hot-chick.jpg is not a direct link to the image. If you go to that link, your browser will redirect you to the ACTUAL location. Now, my image preloading code in Chrome works perfectly well, and the effects look great. Because it seems that Chrome preloads the actual data - the EVENTUAL image that is to be shown. This means that in Chrome if I preloaded an image that will redirect to 'stop stealing my bandwidth', then the image that gets preloaded is 'stop stealing my bandwidth'. How can I modify my code to get Firefox to behave the same way?

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• Java: which configuration framework to use?

  - by Laimoncijus

  Hi, I need to decide which configuration framework to use. At the moment I am thinking between using properties files and XML files. My configuration needs to have some primitive grouping, e.g. in XML format would be something like: <configuration> <group name="abc"> <param1>value1</param1> <param2>value2</param2> </group> <group name="def"> <param3>value3</param3> <param4>value4</param4> </group> </configuration> or a properties file (something similar to log4j.properties): group.abc.param1 = value1 group.abc.param2 = value2 group.def.param3 = value3 group.def.param4 = value4 I need bi-directional (read and write) configuration library/framework. Nice feature would be - that I could read out somehow different configuration groups as different objects, so I could later pass them to different places, e.g. - reading everything what belongs to group "abc" as one object and "def" as another. If that is not possible I can always split single configuration object into smaller ones myself in the application initialization part of course. Which framework would best fit for me?

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• Flex profiling - what is [enterFrameEvent] doing?

  - by Herms

  I've been tasked with finding (and potentially fixing) some serious performance problems with a Flex application that was delivered to us. The application will consistently take up 50 to 100% of the CPU at times when it is simply idling and shouldn't be doing anything. My first step was to run the profiler that comes with FlexBuilder. I expected to find some method that was taking up most of the time, showing me where the bottleneck was. However, I got something unexpected. The top 4 methods were: [enterFrameEvent] - 84% cumulative, 32% self time [reap] - 20% cumulative and self time [tincan] - 8% cumulative and self time global.isNaN - 4% cumulative and self time All other methods had less than 1% for both cumulative and self time. From what I've found online, the [bracketed methods] are what the profiler lists when it doesn't have an actual Flex method to show. I saw someone claim that [tincan] is the processing of RTMP requests, and I assume [reap] is the garbage collector. Does anyone know what [enterFrameEvent] is actually doing? I assume it's essentially the "main" function for the event loop, so the high cumulative time is expected. But why is the self time so high? What's actually going on? I didn't expect the player internals to be taking up so much time, especially since nothing is actually happening in the app (and there are no UI updates going on). Is there any good way to find dig into what's happening? I know something is going on that shouldn't be (it looks like there must be some kind of busy wait or other runaway loop), but the profiler isn't giving me any results that I was expecting. My next step is going to be to start adding debug trace statements in various places to try and track down what's actually happening, but I feel like there has to be a better way.

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• Difference in behaviour (GCC and Visual C++)

  - by Prasoon Saurav

  Consider the following code. #include <stdio.h> #include <vector> #include <iostream> struct XYZ { int X,Y,Z; }; std::vector<XYZ> A; int rec(int idx) { int i = A.size(); A.push_back(XYZ()); if (idx >= 5) return i; A[i].X = rec(idx+1); return i; } int main(){ A.clear(); rec(0); puts("FINISH!"); } I couldn't figure out the reason why the code gives a segmentation fault on Linux (IDE used: Code::Blocks) whereas on Windows (IDE used: Visual C++) it doesn't. When I used Valgrind just to check what actually the problem was, I got this output. I got Invalid write of size 4 at four different places. Then why didn't the code crash when I used Visual C++? Am I missing something?

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• How to disable MSBuild's <RegisterOutput> target on a per-user basis?

  - by Roger Lipscombe

  I like to do my development as a normal (non-Admin) user. Our VS2010 project build fails with "Failed to register output. Please try enabling Per-user Redirection or register the component from a command prompt with elevated permissions." Since I'm not at liberty to change the project file, is there any way that I can add user-specific MSBuild targets or properties that disable this step on a specific machine, or for a specific user? I'd prefer not to hack on the core MSBuild files. I don't want to change the project file because I might then accidentally check it back in. Nor do I want to hack on the MSBuild core files, because they might get overwritten by a service pack. Given that the Visual C++ project files (and associated .targets and .props files) have about a million places to alter the build order and to import arbitrary files, I was hoping for something along those lines. MSBuild imports/evaluates the project file as follows (I've only looked down the branches that interest me): Foo.vcxproj Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props Microsoft.Cpp.props $(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props Microsoft.Cpp.targets Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).targets ImportBefore\* Microsoft.CppCommon.targets The "RegisterOutput" target is defined in Microsoft.CppCommon.targets. I was hoping to replace this by putting a do-nothing "RegisterOutput" target in $(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props, which is %LOCALAPPDATA%\MSBuild\v4.0\Microsoft.Cpp.Win32.user.props (UserRootDir is set in Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props if it's not already set). Unfortunately, MSBuild uses the last-defined target, which means that mine gets overridden by the built-in one. Alternatively, I could attempt to set the %(Link.RegisterOutput) metadata, but I'd have to do that on all Link items. Any idea how to do that, or even if it'll work?

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• Most readable way to write simple conditional check

  - by JRL

  What would be the most readable/best way to write a multiple conditional check such as shown below? Two possibilities that I could think of (this is Java but the language really doesn't matter here): Option 1: boolean c1 = passwordField.getPassword().length > 0; boolean c2 = !stationIDTextField.getText().trim().isEmpty(); boolean c3 = !userNameTextField.getText().trim().isEmpty(); if (c1 && c2 && c3) { okButton.setEnabled(true); } Option 2: if (passwordField.getPassword().length > 0 && !stationIDTextField.getText().trim().isEmpty() && !userNameTextField.getText().trim().isEmpty() { okButton.setEnabled(true); } What I don't like about option 2 is that the line wraps and then indentation becomes a pain. What I don't like about option 1 is that it creates variables for nothing and requires looking at two places. So what do you think? Any other options?

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• Using function arguments to dynamically generate a query

  - by Varun

  I am working on an issue management system, developed in PHP/MySQL. It requires search functionality, where the user will mention the search parameters and based on these parameters the system will return the result set. To solve this I am trying to write a function and all the user selected parameters are passed as arguments. Based on the arguments I will dynamically generate the query. Sample Query: select * from tickets inner join ticket_assigned_to on tickets.id=ticket_assigned_to.ticket_id where tickets.project_id= in ('') and tickets.status in ('') and ticket_assigned_to.user_id in ('') and tickets.reporter_user_id='' and tickets.operator_user_id in ('') and tickets.due_date between '' and '' and tickets.ts_created between '' and ''; I also need to handle cases where the arguments can be ORed or ANDed in the query. For example: select * from tickets inner join ticket_assigned_to on tickets.id=ticket_assigned_to.ticket_id where tickets.project_id= in ('') and tickets.status in ('') or tickets.due_date = '' or tickets.ts_created between '' and ''; I am also planning to use the same function at other places in the project also. Like to display all the tickets of a user or all tickets created between given dates and so on... How to handle this situation? Should I go with a single function which handles all this or numerous small functions? Need guidance here.

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• Regex expression is too greedy

  - by alastairs

  I'm writing a regular expression to match data from the IMDb soundtracks data file. My regexes are mostly working, although they are in places slurping too much text into my named groups. Take the following regex for example: "^ Performed by '?(?<performer>.*)('? \(qv\))?$" The performer group includes the string ' (qv) as well as the performer's name. Unfortunately, because the records are not consistently formatted, some performers' names are surrounded by single quotation marks whilst others are not. This means they are optional as far as the regex is concerned. I've tried marking the last group as a greedy group using the ?> group specifier, but this appeared to have no effect on the results. I can improve the results by changing the performer group to match a small range of characters, but this reduces my chances of parsing the name out correctly. Furthermore, if I were to just exclude the apostrophe character, I would then be unable to parse, e.g., band names containing apostrophes, such as Elia's Lonely Friends Band who performed Run For Your Life featured in Resident Evil: Apocalypse.

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• Serializable object in intent returning as String

  - by B_

  In my application, I am trying to pass a serializable object through an intent to another activity. The intent is not entirely created by me, it is created and passed through a search suggestion. In the content provider for the search suggestion, the object is created and placed in the SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_EXTRA_DATA column of the MatrixCursor. However, when in the receiving activity I call getIntent().getSerializableExtra(SearchManager.EXTRA_DATA_KEY), the returned object is of type String and I cannot cast it into the original object class. I tried making a parcelable wrapper for my object that calls out.writeSerializable(...) and use that instead but the same thing happened. The string that is returned is like a generic Object toString(), i.e. com.foo.yak.MyAwesomeClass@4350058, so I'm assuming that toString() is being called somewhere where I have no control. Hopefully I'm just missing something simple. Thanks for the help! Edit: Some of my code This is in the content provider that acts as the search authority: //These are the search suggestion columns private static final String[] COLUMNS = { "_id", // mandatory column SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_TEXT_1, SearchManager.SUGGEST_COLUMN_INTENT_EXTRA_DATA }; //This places the serializable or parcelable object (and other info) into the search suggestion private Cursor getSuggestions(String query, String[] projection) { List<Widget> widgets = WidgetLoader.getMatches(query); MatrixCursor cursor = new MatrixCursor(COLUMNS); for (Widget w : widgets) { cursor.addRow(new Object[] { w.id w.name w.data //This is the MyAwesomeClass object I'm trying to pass }); } return cursor; } This is in the activity that receives the search suggestion: public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); Object extra = getIntent().getSerializableExtra(SearchManager.EXTRA_DATA_KEY); //extra.getClass() returns String, when it should return MyAwesomeClass, so this next line throws a ClassCastException and causes a crash MyAwesomeClass mac = (MyAwesomeClass)extra; ... }

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• char[] and char* compatibility?

  - by Aerovistae

  In essence, will this code work? And before you say "Run it and see!", I just realized my cygwin didn't come with gcc and it's currently 40 minutes away from completing reinstallation. That being said: char* words[1000]; for(int i = 0; i<1000; i++) words[i] = NULL; char buffer[ 1024 ]; //omit code that places "ADD splash\0" into the buffer if(strncmp (buffer, "ADD ", 4){ char* temp = buffer + 4; printf("Adding: %s", temp); int i = 0; while(words[i] != NULL) i++; words[i] = temp; } I'm mostly uncertain about the line char* temp = buffer + 4, and also whether I can assign words[i] in the manner that I am. Am I going to get type errors when I eventually try to compile this in 40 minutes? Also-- if this works, why don't I need to use malloc() on each element of words[]? Why can I say words[i] = temp, instead of needing to allocate memory for words[i] the length of temp?

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• ADO.NET DataTable/DataRow Thread Safety

  - by Allen E. Scharfenberg

  Introduction A user reported to me this morning that he was having an issue with inconsistent results (namely, column values sometimes coming out null when they should not be) of some parallel execution code that we provide as part of an internal framework. This code has worked fine in the past and has not been tampered with lately, but it got me to thinking about the following snippet: Code Sample lock (ResultTable) { newRow = ResultTable.NewRow(); } newRow["Key"] = currentKey; foreach (KeyValuePair<string, object> output in outputs) { object resultValue = output.Value; newRow[output.Name] = resultValue != null ? resultValue : DBNull.Value; } lock (ResultTable) { ResultTable.Rows.Add(newRow); } (No guarantees that that compiles, hand-edited to mask proprietery information.) Explanation We have this cascading type of locking code other places in our system, and it works fine, but this is the first instance of cascading locking code that I have come across that interacts with ADO .NET. As we all know, members of framework objects are usually not thread safe (which is the case in this situation), but the cascading locking should ensure that we are not reading and writing to ResultTable.Rows concurrently. We are safe, right? Hypothesis Well, the cascading lock code does not ensure that we are not reading from or writing to ResultTable.Rows at the same time that we are assigning values to columns in the new row. What if ADO .NET uses some kind of buffer for assigning column values that is not thread safe--even when different object types are involved (DataTable vs. DataRow)? Has anyone run into anything like this before? I thought I would ask here at StackOverflow before beating my head against this for hours on end :) Conclusion Well, the consensus appears to be that changing the cascading lock to a full lock has resolved the issue. That is not the result that I expected, but the full lock version has not produced the issue after many, many, many tests. The lesson: be wary of cascading locks used on APIs that you do not control. Who knows what may be going on under the covers!

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• How to use named_scope to incrementally construct a complex query?

  - by wbharding

  I want to use Rails named_scope to incrementally build complex queries that are returned from external methods. I believe I can get the behavior I want with anonymous scopes like so: def filter_turkeys Farm.scoped(:conditions => {:animal => 'turkey'}) end def filter_tasty Farm.scoped(:conditions => {:tasty => true}) end turkeys = filter_turkeys is_tasty = filter_tasty tasty_turkeys = filter_turkeys.filter_tasty But say that I already have a named_scope that does what these anonymous scopes do, can I just use that, rather than having to declare anonymous scopes? Obviously one solution would be to pass my growing query to each of the filter methods, a la def filter_turkey(existing_query) existing_query.turkey # turkey is a named_scoped that filters for turkey end But that feels like an un-DRY way to solve the problem. Oh, and if you're wondering why I would want to return named_scope pieces from methods, rather than just build all the named scopes I need and concatenate them together, it's because my queries are too complex to be nicely handled with named_scopes themselves, and the queries get used in multiple places, so I don't want to manually build the same big hairy concatenation multiple times.

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• How to hold a queue of messages and have a group of working threads without polling?

  - by Mark

  I have a workflow that I want to looks something like this: / Worker 1 \ =Request Channel= - [Holding Queue|||] - Worker 2 - =Response Channel= \ Worker 3 / That is: Requests come in and they enter a FIFO queue Identical workers then pick up tasks from the queue At any given time any worker may work only one task When a worker is free and the holding queue is non-empty the worker should immediately pick up another task When tasks are complete, a worker places the result on the Response Channel I know there are QueueChannels in Spring Integration, but these channels require polling (which seems suboptimal). In particular, if a worker can be busy, I'd like the worker to be busy. Also, I've considered avoiding the queue altogether and simply letting tasks round-robin to all workers, but it's preferable to have a single waiting line as some tasks may be accomplished faster than others. Furthermore, I'd like insight into how many jobs are remaining (which I can get from the queue) and the ability to cancel all or particular jobs. How can I implement this message queuing/work distribution pattern while avoiding a polling? Edit: It appears I'm looking for the Message Dispatcher pattern -- how can I implement this using Spring/Spring Integration?

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• How to read the birthday_date from the Facebook API

  - by Steve

  I have been chasing my tail on this! And it should be so simple!! I have an app in FaceBook that is working fine. However, I need to get the user's birth date. I have successfully got the request for extended permissions, but cannot get the birthday_date out and into a variable/store in database. <?php require_once('facebook.php'); $facebook = new Facebook(array( 'appId' => 'xxxxx', 'secret' => 'yyyyyyy', 'cookie' => true )); if ($facebook->getSession()) { $uid = $facebook->getUser(); $fbme = $facebook->api('/me'); } else { $params = array( 'fbconnect'=>0, 'canvas'=>1, 'req_perms'=>'publish_stream','email','user_location','user_birthday' ); $loginUrl = $facebook->getLoginUrl($params); print "<script type='text/javascript'>top.location.href = '$loginUrl';</script>"; } $session = $facebook->getSession(); $token = $session['access_token']; I would be very grateful if someone could show me the PHP code that reads the extended permissions and places the results into variables. Thanks Steve

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• NSNotification vs. Delegate Protocols?

  - by jr

  I have an iPhone application which basically is getting information from an API (in XML, but maybe JSON eventually). The result objects are typically displayed in view controllers (tables mainly). Here is the architecture right now. I have NSOperation classes which fetch the different objects from the remote server. Each of these NSOperation classes, will take a custom delegate method which will fire back the resulting objects as they are parsed, and then finally a method when no more results are available. So, the protocol for the delegates will be something like: (void) ObjectTypeResult:(ObjectType *)result; (void) ObjectTypeNoMoreResults; I think the solution works well, but I do end up with a bunch of delegate protocols around and then my view controllers have to implement all these delegate methods. I don't think its that bad, but I'm always on the lookout for a better design. So, I'm thinking about using NSNotifications to remove the use of the delegates. I could include the object in the userInfo part of the notification and just post objects as received, and then a final event when no more are available. Then I could just have one method in each view controller to receive all the data, even when using multiple objects in one controller.† So, can someone share with me some pros/cons of each approach. Should I consider refactoring my code to use Events rather then the delegates? Is one better then the other in certain situations? In my scenario I'm really not looking to receive notifications in multiple places, so maybe the protocol based delegates are the way to go. Thanks!

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• django: results in in_bulk style without IDs

  - by valya

  in django 1.1.1, Place.objects.in_bulk() does not work and Place.objects.in_bulk(range(1, 100)) works and returns a dictionary of Ints to Places with indexes - primary keys. How to avoid using range in this situation (and avoid using a special query for ids, I just want to get all objects in this dictionary format) >>> Place.objects.in_bulk() Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/Django-1.1.1-py2.5.egg/django/db/models/manager.py", line 144, in in_bulk return self.get_query_set().in_bulk(*args, **kwargs) TypeError: in_bulk() takes exactly 2 arguments (1 given) >>> Place.objects.in_bulk(range(1, 100)) {1L: <Place: "??? ????">, 3L: <Place: "???????????? ?????">, 4L: <Place: "????????? "??????"">, 5L: <Place: "????????? "??????"">, 8L: <Place: "????????? "??????????????"">, 9L: <Place: "??????? ????????">, 10L: <Place: "????????? ???????">, 11L: <Place: "??????????????? ???">, 14L: <Place: "????? ????? ??????">}

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• Difference in behaviour( gcc and MSVC++ )

  - by Prasoon Saurav

  Consider the following code. #include <stdio.h> #include <vector> #include <iostream> struct XYZ { int X,Y,Z; }; std::vector<XYZ> A; int rec(int idx) { int i = A.size(); A.push_back(XYZ()); if (idx >= 5) return i; A[i].X = rec(idx+1); return i; } int main(){ A.clear(); rec(0); puts("FINISH!"); } I couldn't figure out the reason why the code gives segmentation fault on Linux(IDE used: Code::Blocks) whereas on Windows(IDE used : MSVC++) it doesn't. When I used valgrind just to check what actually the problem was, I got this output. I got Invalid write of size 4 at four different places. Then why didn't the code crash when I used MSVC++? Am I missing something?

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• Which isolation level should I use for the following insert-if-not-present transaction?

  - by Steve Guidi

  I've written a linq-to-sql program that essentially performs an ETL task, and I've noticed many places where parallelization will improve its performance. However, I'm concerned about preventing uniquness constraint violations when two threads perform the following task (psuedo code). Record CreateRecord(string recordText) { using (MyDataContext database = GetDatabase()) { Record existingRecord = database.MyTable.FirstOrDefault(record.KeyPredicate()); if(existingRecord == null) { existingRecord = CreateRecord(recordText); database.MyTable.InsertOnSubmit(existingRecord); } database.SubmitChanges(); return existingRecord; } } In general, this code executes a SELECT statement to test for record existance, followed by an INSERT statement if the record doesn't exist. It is encapsulated by an implicit transaction. When two threads run this code for the same instance of recordText, I want to prevent them from simultaneously determining that the record doesn't exist, thereby both attempting to create the same record. An isolation level and explicit transaction will work well, except I'm not certain which isolation level I should use -- Serializable should work, but seems too strict. Is there a better choice?

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• Good Replacement for User Control?

  - by David Lively

  I found user controls to be incredibly useful when working with ASP.NET webforms. By encapsulating the code required for displaying a control with the markup, creation of reusable components was very straightforward and very, very useful. While MVC provides convenient separation of concerns, this seems to break encapsulation (ie, you can add a control without adding or using its supporting code, leading to runtime errors). Having to modify a controller every time I add a control to a view seems to me to integrate concerns, not separate them. I'd rather break the purist MVC ideology than give up the benefits of reusable, packaged controls. I need to be able to include components similar to webforms user controls throughout a site, but not for the entire site, and not at a level that belongs in a master page. These components should have their own code not just markup (to interact with the business layer), and it would be great if the page controller didn't need to know about the control. Since MVC user controls don't have codebehind, I can't see a good way to do this. I've searched previous SO questions, and have yet to find a good answer. Options so far In an attempt to avoid turning the comments section into a discussion... RenderAction This allows the view to call another controller, which will be responsible for interacting with the BLL and whatever data is necessary to its corresponding view. The calling view needs to be aware of the sub controller. This seems to provide a nice way to encapsulate partial views and controls, without having to modify the calling controller. RenderPartial The calling controller is still responsible for executing whatever code is associated with the partial view, and making sure that the model passed to the partial view contains the data it expects. Effectively, modifying the partial view potentially means modifying the calling controller. Annoying especially if this is used in multiple places. Portable Areas Place each control in its own project/area?

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• CreateThread() fails on 64 bit Windows, works on 32 bit Windows. Why?

  - by Stephen Kellett

  Operating System: Windows XP 64 bit, SP2. I have an unusual problem. I am porting some code from 32 bit to 64 bit. The 32 bit code works just fine. But when I call CreateThread() for the 64 bit version the call fails. I have three places where this fails. 2 call CreateThread(). 1 calls beginthreadex() which calls CreateThread(). All three calls fail with error code 0x3E6, "Invalid access to memory location". The problem is all the input parameters are correct. HANDLE h; DWORD threadID; h = CreateThread(0, // default security 0, // default stack size myThreadFunc, // valid function to call myParam, // my param 0, // no flags, start thread immediately &threadID); All three calls to CreateThread() are made from a DLL I've injected into the target program at the start of the program execution (this is before the program has got to the start of main()/WinMain()). If I call CreateThread() from the target program (same params) via say a menu, it works. Same parameters etc. Bizarre. If I pass NULL instead of &threadID, it still fails. If I pass NULL as myParam, it still fails. I'm not calling CreateThread from inside DllMain(), so that isn't the problem. I'm confused and searching on Google etc hasn't shown any relevant answers. If anyone has seen this before or has any ideas, please let me know. Thanks for reading.

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• Cocoa NSTextField Drag & Drop Requires Subclass... Really?

  - by ipmcc

  Until today, I've never had occasion to use anything other than an NSWindow itself as an NSDraggingDestination. When using a window as a one-size-fits-all drag destination, the NSWindow will pass those messages on to its delegate, allowing you to handle drops without subclassing NSWindow. The docs say: Although NSDraggingDestination is declared as an informal protocol, the NSWindow and NSView subclasses you create to adopt the protocol need only implement those methods that are pertinent. (The NSWindow and NSView classes provide private implementations for all of the methods.) Either a window object or its delegate may implement these methods; however, the delegate’s implementation takes precedence if there are implementations in both places. Today, I had a window with two NSTextFields on it, and I wanted them to have different drop behaviors, and I did not want to allow drops anywhere else in the window. The way I interpret the docs, it seems that I either have to subclass NSTextField, or make some giant spaghetti-conditional drop handlers on the window's delegate that hit-checks the draggingLocation against each view in order to select the different drop-area behaviors for each field. The centralized NSWindow-delegate-based drop handler approach seems like it would be onerous in any case where you had more than a small handful of drop destination views. Likewise, the subclassing approach seems onerous regardless of the case, because now the drop handling code lives in a view class, so once you accept the drop you've got to come up with some way to marshal the dropped data back to the model. The bindings docs warn you off of trying to drive bindings by setting the UI value programmatically. So now you're stuck working your way back around that too. So my question is: "Really!? Are those the only readily available options? Or am I missing something straightforward here?" Thanks.

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• Are application servers necessary? Advantages of using one? (And other JEE questions)

  - by Mike

  Apologies for the long question.. there seems to be other similar questions on here but none really clear up my confusion. I'd be really grateful if someone could confirm or correct my understanding: Java Enterprise Edition is a set of APIs for building enterprise applications, which take away the burden of developing parts of the system that aren't actually features of the application you are trying to build (i.e. messaging, transactions etc). To do this, you can use an application server, which implements these APIs. So you could use JBoss, Glassfish, WebSphere, WebLogic etc which would provide your application with these enterprise services. However, there are many other implementations of these individual services available such as ActiveMQ for messaging, Hibernate for persistence, OpenEJB etc. You can download these implementations as Java libraries and include them in your application, and use the services they provide in a similar way to using the services provided by an application server. So if my understanding is correct, my questions are: I've read a lot of places that application servers are necessary for JEE features like EJB, but can't you just use an implementation such as OpenEJB and not need an application server at all? Are there any features that an application server provides which you cannot get from another source? Why would/wouldn't I choose an application server over a custom stack such as Tomcat, OpenEJB, ActiveMQ, and Hibernate? Is Spring a complete alternative to JEE? Does it ever require an application server or always just a servlet container? Why would someone choose Spring over JEE? Any help would be much appreciated!

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• Is this 2D array initialization a bad idea?

  - by Brendan Long

  I have something I need a 2D array for, but for better cache performance, I'd rather have it actually be a normal array. Here's the idea I had but I don't know if it's a terrible idea: const int XWIDTH = 10, YWIDTH = 10; int main(){ int * tempInts = new int[XWIDTH * YWIDTH]; int ** ints = new int*[XWIDTH]; for(int i=0; i<XWIDTH; i++){ ints[i] = &tempInts[i*YWIDTH]; } // do things with ints delete[] ints[0]; delete[] ints; return 0; } So the idea is that instead of newing a bunch of arrays (and having them placed in different places in memory), I just point to an array I made all at once. The reason for the delete[] (int*) ints; is because I'm actually doing this in a class and it would save [trivial amounts of] memory to not save the original pointer. Just wondering if there's any reasons this is a horrible idea. Or if there's an easier/better way. The goal is to be able to access the array as ints[x][y] rather than ints[x*YWIDTH+y].

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• How to find all initializations of instance variables in a Java package?

  - by Hank Gay

  I'm in the midst of converting a legacy app to Spring. As part of the transition, we're converting our service classes from an "instantiate new ones whenever you need one" style to a Springleton style, so I need a way to make sure they don't have any state. I'm comfortable on the *nix command-line, and I have access to IntelliJ (this strikes me as a good fit for Structural Search and Replace, if I could figure out how to use it), and I could track down an Eclipse install, if that would help. I just want to make absolutely sure I've found all the possible problems. UPDATE: Sorry for the confusion. I don't have a problem finding places where the old constructor was being called. What I'm looking for is a "bullet-proof" why to search all 100+ service classes for any sort of internal state. The most obvious one I could think of (and the only one I've really found so far) is cases where we use memoization in the classes, so they have instance variables that get initialized internally instead of via Spring. This means that when the same Springleton gets used for different requests, data can leak between them. Thanks.

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