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• what is the responsibility of ngnix or apache in rails application?

  - by user2177410

  How rails applications actually work? Let's say we have nginx + passenger + Ubuntu, so my questions are: What is nginx actually doing? How does it transfer requests to the rails app? what is passenger responsible for? And what is rack? How actually rails app can work just on webrick without apache? Please dont give me answers like "nginx processes the requests"; I need something more, or may be you know the source where I can read about this.

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• MPMoviePlayerController iPhone 3G & .mov file format

  - by Matt

  Just posting a question to the world... My app is currently setup to play video files. The app is setup to play .mov files and when tested on a 3GS, iPhone 4, and an iPad, it works great. But when playing on an iPhone 3G, the file does not play. Is this based on different compression standards that the 3G can't handle? I liked the .mov extension as it was compressed nicely to stream to the device. I have now converted the video files to .m4v so it will play on the 3G, but the file is now 3 times the size. Thanks in advance for any answers I get!!

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• Alter text field focus order with jQuery

  - by Akinator

  Hi, I was wondering, if I have text fields displayed so, could I alter the order in which the focus using javascript (preferably jQuery). See this example here. What I mean that when you tab around them, instead on going "one, two, three, four, five" force them to go: "one, two, four, three, five". Thanks in advance!! EDIT: Thanks to all, I didn´t know it was possible with HTML only. Of course if this is the case I´ll go with that. BTW Thanks to all your answers!!! (I`ll upvote the complete ones) but will accept the first one.

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• Native arrays and computing hashvalues (VB, C#)

  - by Jeffrey Kern

  I feel bad asking this question but I am currently not able to program and test this as I'm writing this on my cell-phone and not on my dev machine :P (Easy rep points if someone answers! XD ) Anyway, I've had experience with using hashvalues from String objects. E.g., if I have StringA and StringB both equal to "foo", they'll both compute out the same hashvalue, because they're set to equal values. Now what if I have a List, with T being a native data type. If I tried to compute the hashvalue of ListA and ListB, assuming that they'd both be the same size and contain the same information, wouldn't they have equal hashvalues as well?

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• Import python module NOT on path

  - by Vort3x

  I have read all the questions I could find on it on SO, but none answers my question. I have a module foo, containing util.py and bar.py. I want to import it in IDLE or python session. How do I go about this? I could find no documentation on how to import modules not in the current directory or the default python PATH. After trying import "<full path>/foo/util.py", and from "<full path>" import util The closest I could get was import imp imp.load_source('foo.util','C:/.../dir/dir2/foo') Which gave me Permission denied on windows 7.

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• Developing web app, question for mobile developers

  - by Stephen Kellett

  I'm going to develop a web app that I expect some people will also end up wanting to view on their phones. The UI will be fairly straightforward (no frames, just CSS/HTML). May have a bit of Flash, but not for the first version. My question is, for testing viewing of the web app on mobile devices what devices would you recommend that I test on (and thus, most likely, have to purchase)? Windows Mobile iPhone Android Other? or can I use emulators for any/all of these? Note that I'm not developing a platform (android, iPhone) specific app, just a web application that I expect will also be accessed from a mobile phone. I apologise if this seems like a niave/stupid question, but this hobby project is totally away from my commercial experience and I just don't know the answers to these questions, hence asking here. Thanks for reading.

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• Composite primary keys in N-M relation or not?

  - by BerggreenDK

  Lets say we have 3 tables (actually I have 2 at the moment, but this example might illustrate the thought better): [Person] ID: int, primary key Name: nvarchar(xx) [Group] ID: int, primary key Name: nvarchar(xx) [Role] ID: int, primary key Name: nvarchar(xx) [PersonGroupRole] Person_ID: int, PRIMARY COMPOSITE OR NOT? Group_ID: int, PRIMARY COMPOSITE OR NOT? Role_ID: int, PRIMARY COMPOSITE OR NOT? Should any of the 3 ID's in the relation PersonGroupRole be marked as PRIMARY key or should they all 3 be combined into one composite?? whats the real benefit of doing it or not? I can join anyways as far as I know, so Person JOIN PersonGroupRole JOIN Group gives me which persons are in which Groups etc. I will be using LINQ/C#/.NET on top of SQL-express and SQL-server, so if there is any reasons regarding language/SQL that might make the choice more clear, thats the platform I ask about. Looking forward to see what answers pops up, as I have thought of these primary keys/indexes many times when making combined ones.

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• How can I count existing and non-existing values with MySQL?

  - by jaya malladi

  I am new to MySQL. I have a table with answer ids. Answers can look like this:a1, a2, a3 ..., but due to some problems some are NULL, some are blank, and some are others like 1 a etc. Now I want to calculate the count of ids with a1 a2 a3 distinctly. But how is it possible to do this leaving others like NULL, blanks and garbage. The output should look like this atype count a1 45 a2 0 a3 56 If there is no row entry for a particular answer, the count should be 0.

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• Python Textwrap - forcing 'hard' breaks

  - by Tom Werner

  I am trying to use textwrap to format an import file that is quite particular in how it is formatted. Basically, it is as follows (line length shortened for simplicity): abcdef <- Ok line abcdef ghijk <- Note leading space to indicate wrapped line lm Now, I have got code to work as follows: wrapper = TextWrapper(width=80, subsequent_indent=' ', break_long_words=True, break_on_hyphens=False) for l in lines: wrapline=wrapper.wrap(l) This works nearly perfectly, however, the text wrapping code doesn't do a hard break at the 80 character mark, it tries to be smart and break on a space (at approx 20 chars in). I have got round this by replacing all spaces in the string list with a unique character (#), wrapping them and then removing the character, but surely there must be a cleaner way? N.B Any possible answers need to work on Python 2.4 - sorry!

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• What are the things Java got right?

  - by hamletdarcy

  What are the things that Java (the language and platform) got categorically right? In other words, what things are more recent programming languages preserving and carrying forward? Some easy answer are: garbage collection, a VM, lack of pointers, classloaders, reflection(?) What about language based answers? Please don't list the things Java did wrong, just right. (note by Mark Harrison) This is an interesting and useful question, especially for those of us who don't use java regularly. I'm voting for reopening. Please don't close as argumentative, as it doesn't seem to be causing any arguments.

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• Handling static files with Django / lighttpd

  - by ptikobj

  I know that there is already a question (actually some more) about this, but the answers to them didn't help me out very much, as I am pretty new to lighttpd. I have one folder which contains .pdf-files. When doing a HttpResponseRedirect to the locations of one of those .pdf-files, the user should be able to download the .pdf file (or view it in the browser). Right now, Django just redirects to my "home" html page, without showing any pdf-file. Somehow, I will have to tell lighttpd that Django shouldn't handle this directory anymore. Is this the only thing I need to do? If yes, how should i do it?

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• Is it possible to set different select2 parameters at different times?

  - by ReiMasuro

  From playing around I can see that this code $("#Selected3").select2({ minimumInputLength: 3 }); $("#Selected3").select2({ placeholder: "Show a placeholder" }); will show me the placeholder but remove the minimumInputLength parameters value. Does anyone know a way please that this example could be modified so that the placeholder will be added without losing the minimum..Length value. Any answers will need to allow for the possibility of the statements being in separate files, i.e. one on the page and another in a referenced .js file. I am aware that this would be much easier if I set all the parameters at once, e.g. $("#Selected3").select2({ minimumInputLength: 3, placeholder: "Show a placeholder" }); but I am working within a framework which won't currently allow that. EDIT: For anyone who is willing to give this a shot but doesn't know select2 the library comes from here Select2 on GitHub

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• Basic Python: Exception raising and local variable scope / binding

  - by SuperJdynamite

  I have a basic "best practices" Python question. I see that there are already StackOverflow answers tangentially related to this question but they're mired in complicated examples or involve multiple factors. Given this code: #!/usr/bin/python def test_function(): try: a = str(5) raise b = str(6) except: print b test_function() what is the best way to avoid the inevitable "UnboundLocalError: local variable 'b' referenced before assignment" that I'm going to get in the exception handler? Does python have an elegant way to handle this? If not, what about an inelegant way? In a complicated function I'd prefer to avoid testing the existence of every local variable before I, for example, printed debug information about them.

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• Hashing a python function to regenerate output when the function is modified

  - by Seth Johnson

  I have a python function that has a deterministic result. It takes a long time to run and generates a large output: def time_consuming_function(): # lots_of_computing_time to come up with the_result return the_result I modify time_consuming_function from time to time, but I would like to avoid having it run again while it's unchanged. [time_consuming_function only depends on functions that are immutable for the purposes considered here; i.e. it might have functions from Python libraries but not from other pieces of my code that I'd change.] The solution that suggests itself to me is to cache the output and also cache some "hash" of the function. If the hash changes, the function will have been modified, and we have to re-generate the output. Is this possible or ridiculous? Updated: based on the answers, it looks like what I want to do is to "memoize" time_consuming_function, except instead of (or in addition to) arguments passed into an invariant function, I want to account for a function that itself will change.

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• Get list of running processes, get active process (and it's application) Flex/AIR

  - by Adam Kiss

  Hello, just a quickie (or maybe not:] ): Is it possible to get somehow list of running applications/processes and, while running in background, check which process is active? Additionally - if somehow, the answer was yes, is it possible to react for change of active window / application react just as if it was Event, or bind to it custom event (e.g. Event.SystemActiveAppChange)? Thank you for answers as well as pointers. EDIT: Due to probable missunderstanding, I mean local applications - on your win/mac/linux machine - I would like to (in process of learning of language) track what apps I use the most, make a little graph maybe? So, the point is: in AIR app, developed in FLEX, I would like to get/list all running applications/processes, as well as which one is active (on user's PC/Mac/Linux)

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• Optimum php.ini and my.cnf settings for a small Drupal 7 site on a virtual server

  - by the other dude

  I looking for advice on how to set up the default configuration of php.ini and my.cnf for a small site (100 pages) with very little traffic (300 visitors per day). All pages have a bit of text, some images, no video, no audio, no flash/silverlight, very little javascript and jquery. For tracking I'm using GA and Piwik. The main site database is around 50MB. The site is hosted on a virtual server with 20GB RAM and 6 vCPUs so there's hopefully a lot of muscle to make it run very fast. I don't know much about tweaking php and mysql settings and would appreciate it if your answers can be as detailed as possible. Thanks

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• How Proxy server works with tcp/http connections?

  - by Vivek

  Since I am a beginner in the world of internet/networking, I always mess up with these kinds of doubts in my head while programming ;) .. My doubts are, While working behind a proxy, how my requests and responses work? Means my request headers and data will first reach to Proxy server- then proxy server sends it(same headers and data) to corresponding server. And server responses to it with a response header and body to the proxy server-then proxy server sends it to my computer. Wright? While using websockets we are upgrading our http connection to tcp. At this time what is happening @ Proxy server? Does the proxyserver also upgrades its connection to plain TCP? After opening such TCP connections, does the proxy server able to track/log those socket messsages? And most importantly, Is the proxy server transparent or acting like an original server infront of a client? Thanks for any answers or helpful links in advance.

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• execute external command / application from java

  - by IttayD

  I'm looking for a package to support reliably executing external processes from Java. My criteria: Abstract over OS. So if I want to run 'foo', it will look for 'foo.bat', 'foo.exe' under windows and 'foo' under other OSs (or, have a way of passing a map of os-command) Being able to execute Java classes by simply giving the class name and arguments (so the package locates the java command, copies jvm flags and then executes) Process stdout and stderr properly Watchdog / Monitoring capabilities I've looked at commons-exec but it looks like it answers only 3 & 4. Ant has support for execution but looks like an overkill to use it for this purpose only.

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• Please explain this php expression "!$variable"

  - by DogBot

  What does an exclamaton mark in front of a variable mean? And how is it being used in this piece of code? EDIT: From the answers so far I suspect that I also should mention that this code is in a function where one of the parameters is $mytype ....would this be a way of checking if $mytype was passed? - Thanks to all of the responders so far. $myclass = null; if ($mytype == null && ($PAGE->pagetype <> 'site-index' && $PAGE->pagetype <>'admin-index')) { return $myclass; } elseif ($mytype == null && ($PAGE->pagetype == 'site-index' || $PAGE->pagetype =='admin-index')) { $myclass = ' active_tree_node'; return $myclass; } elseif (!$mytype == null && ($PAGE->pagetype == 'site-index' || $PAGE->pagetype =='admin-index')) { return $myclass; }`

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• Binding to object properties in C++

  - by Rich.Carpenter

  I've seen in WPF where you can bind control values to properties of other controls. How is that binding accomplished in C++? For example, if I have a class called Car and a guage control called RPM, how do I tie the value of RPM to the member variable Car.RPM, so that when Car.RPM changes, it is automatically (as in without a specific update call coded by me) reflected by the RPM control? General answers or directions to pertinent resources would be fine also, as I'm just beginning to dabble in C++ and haven't had much Google luck with this particular question.

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• Database design question

  - by Lijo

  Hi Team, I have an interesting database design problem that I formulated while travelling by a bus, coming back from my home. Design a normalized database for a bus ticketing system (not reservation system). In each trip, the conductor of the bus will give tickets to its passengers after collecting fare from them. Passengers travel from a various source places to various destination places. The system must be able to give a report of the places for which the number of passengers was more than 2. Suppose the stops for the bus are L1,L2, L3 and L4 Suppose passenger P1 travels from L1 to L4. P2 travels from L2 to L4. P3 travels from L3 to L4. The report should list only (L3-L4) for which it has more than 2 travelers. Can you please help me to solve the following problems 1) Design a normalized database 2) Write a query for the report 3) Is there any site that gives these kinds of interesting database design questions and answers? Thanks Lijo

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• Is there a difference between `==` and `is` in python?

  - by Bernard

  My Google-fu has failed me. In Python, are these: n = 5 # Test one. if n == 5: print 'Yay!' # Test two. if n is 5: print 'Yay!' two tests for equality equivalent (ha!)? Does this hold true for objects where you would be comparing instances (a list say)? Okay, so this kind of answers my question: l = list() l.append(1) if l == [1]: print 'Yay!' # Holds true, but... if l is [1]: print 'Yay!' # Doesn't. So == tests value where is tests to see if they are the same object?

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• What is a valid and reasonable alternative to a massive storage approach?

  - by Backo

  I am using Ruby on Rails 3.2.2 and MySQL. After my previous question on "how to handle massive storage of records in database for user authorization purposes", since related answers (on how to solve the issue or how to accomplish to that I am looking for) aren't sufficiently detailed or require to much resources (at least for me), I would like to know what are valid and reasonable alternatives to that approach. In few words, this question could be phrase as: how to handle "complex" (at level of SQL querying) user authorizations when you have to fetch "authorized" records? That is, for example, how to retrieve records when you would use code like the following (the following code would be used mostly in index controller actions): Article.readable_by_user(@current_user) # => Returns all articles readable by the current user.

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• Is it possible to "learn" a regular expression by user-provided examples?

  - by DR

  Is it possible to "learn" a regular expression by user-provided examples? To clarify: I do not want to learn regular expressions. I want to create a program which "learns" a regular expression from examples which are interactively provided by a user, perhaps by selecting parts from a text or selecting begin or end markers. Is it possible? Are there algorithms, keywords, etc. which I can Google for? EDIT: Thank you for the answers, but I'm not interested in tools which provide this feature. I'm looking for theoretical information, like papers, tutorials, source code, names of algorithms, so I can create something for myself.

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• Computer science versus software engineering - which?

  - by Will M

  Something I think Jeff & Joel touched on in an early stackoverflow podcast, though I don’t remember if they reached a conclusion: which curriculum is better preparation for a career as a developer and software entrepreneur, computer science in the liberal arts college, or software engineering in the engineering school? or, put another way, which credential should I look for in someone being added to my team, or to hire for my company (if I had one . . . )? Edit note: initial post mistakenly asked to compare computer science with computer engineering, rather than software engineering, and some answers relate to that question.

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