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• Squid traffic tunneled through VPN

  - by NerdyNick

  So what I'm trying to do is have a Squid Proxy run on 1 machine along side a VPN connection. What I want to happen is all traffic running though the Squad Proxy would run though the VPN for its outbound. ie Desktop - (Squid Proxy - VPN) The goal is to allow my desktop selective tunneling through the VPN. So that Instant Messaging and the like that do not need to run through the VPN can go through my normal traffic. Typically I would go though a SSH Proxy but currently am forced to use VPN to gain entry into the office, and a Squid proxy seemed like it might work out the easiest for what I am needing. EDIT Realize I forgot to actually state what problem I'm running into. I have the Squid setup and verified it works, but once I connect to the VPN. All requests to Squid get accepted but Squid is unable to make the request over the VPN. So the client ends up just sitting there.

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• iproute2 premptive route creation, i think....

  - by Bryan Hunt

  Firstly: I know could do this the easy way with SSH but I want to learn how to route. I want to route packets back through the same tun0 interface from which they came into my system. I can do it for single routes. This works: sudo ip route add 74.52.23.120 metric 2 via 10.8.0.1 But i'd have to add them manually for each request that came down the pipe I've taken the blue pill and followed the http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.netfilter.html: Netfilter & iproute - marking packets tutorial But it's oriented towards redirecting OUTGOING packets based upon markers What I want is for a packet that comes in via tun0 not to be dropped which is what's happening right now, running scappy or suchlike to receive packets it doesn't seem to be receiving anything. Watching in wireshark I see the initial SYN packets coming in on the tun0 interface but that's as far as it gets without a static route as shown above. Am I nuts?

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• Ubuntu server - Problem of routing

  - by Max

  Hi, I have setup a Ubuntu server with Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud. The server is connected to a private LAN with DHCP and Internet access (via a gateway). At first, the server was working fine. It can ping the internet. It can also ping other machine inside LAN. The problem happened after i let the machine idle for more than 1 hour. When I want to use the machine again, I can't ping the internet anymore. I can only ping the machine inside LAN. I try to ping the server from another machine and it's working. Then, i ssh into that server from another machine, and I found that I can ping the internet from that server. It seems that there are some problems in the routing table of this server. Can anyone help me on this? Thank you. Max

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• What tangible security are gained by blocking all but a few outgoing ports in a firewall

  - by Frankie Dintino

  Our current hardware firewall allows for blocking incoming and outgoing ports. We have two possibilities: Block certain troublesome ports (unsecured smtp, bittorrent, etc.) Block all but a few approved ports (http, https, ssh, imap-ssl, etc.) I see several downsides with option 2. Occasionally web servers are hosted on non-standard ports and we would have to deal with the resulting issues. Also, there is nothing preventing a malicious or unwanted service from being hosted on port 80, for instance. What are are the upsides?

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• rc.local is not executed on bootup ubuntu

  - by Alexander

  Im on Ubuntu 10.04. I want to execute script on system boot. I added it to rc.local. If I execute rc.local manually it works fine. If I boot system in recovery mode(2nd string in boot menu) it also works fine. But if I boot normally it is not executed. However i added sleep 20 to my script and there is a pause at the end of boot process, but nothing more is executed. Thanks I think, it soesnt depend on contents of the script but anyway #!/bin/sh -e sleep 20 sudo service ssh start su -c 'service pgsql start' postgres sudo svnserve -d su -c 'hamachi start' root su -c 'hamachi login' root exit 0

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• how to run an AFS file server on a specific ethernet card (in Debian)

  - by listboss

  I have a linux box running Debian server with minimal number of packages (so no GUI for network management). The box has two ethernet cards, one of which (eth0) is connected to a Mac OSX computer using a cross-cable. I can bring up eth0 and assign a static ip (10.10.11.16) to it. This way I can ssh to the box through the cross-cable. This is what I run on Linux box: ifconfig eth0 10.10.11.16 netmask 255.255.255.0 up I also installed/started a file server (AFS) on Debian. So far, the file server can only be accessed through eth1 which is exposed to my home LAN and www. My goal is to set up the file server so that it's only visible through eth0. Is this possible? and if yes, how can I do it?

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• How to FTP via CLI? [closed]

  - by Ryan

  So I have a Debian machine and I want to transfer data on here to a Windows based FTP account. I've managed to open up firewalling for outbound FTP on the Debian source, but have never used FTP via CLI before. Does anyone know how I can go about transferring data? I am starting to get really confused with what to transfer from where. If I ssh to the Debian machine and then connect to the Windows FTP account, then try put and get commands, it never seems to recognise the path of the source files on the Debian machine.

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• Problem upgrading kernel on debian 3.1

  - by exhuma

  Hi, I have a quite old box in a remote server farm. So I have no direct access. Only remote SSH (and via SSH to a serial console). I haven't updated this box in ages. Now, whenever I want to install a new package, a dependency to glibc appears. Unfortunately, the install of glibc depends on a 2.6 kernel and I am running a venerable 2.4 kernel (one more reason to upgrade). The problem is, that the install of a new kernel has an indirect (over locales) dependency to glibc. So, to install glibc, I need a new kernel. For a new kernel, I need to upgrade glibc. Essentially I am blocked. What's the best way to proceed considering I have no "hardware" access? Here's a quick transcript of the upgrade process: [green:~]% sudo aptitude install linux-image-686 Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree Reading extended state information Initializing package states... Done Reading task descriptions... Done The following packages are unused and will be REMOVED: gcc-4.3-base The following NEW packages will be automatically installed: dash libc6-i686 libparse-recdescent-perl linux-image-2.6-686 linux-image-2.6.18-6-686 module-init-tools yaird The following packages have been kept back: adduser apache2 apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-utils apache2.2-common apt apt-utils aptitude autoconf autotools-dev awstats base-files base-passwd [...snip...] util-linux vacation vim vim-common wamerican wbritish wget whiptail whois wwwconfig-common zlib1g The following NEW packages will be installed: dash libc6-i686 libparse-recdescent-perl linux-image-2.6-686 linux-image-2.6.18-6-686 linux-image-686 module-init-tools yaird The following packages will be upgraded: hotplug libc6 2 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 1 to remove and 277 not upgraded. Need to get 0B/22.7MB of archives. After unpacking 52.1MB will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] Writing extended state information... Done Preconfiguring packages ... (Reading database ... 34065 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace libc6 2.3.6.ds1-13 (using .../libc6_2.7-18lenny2_i386.deb) ... Checking for services that may need to be restarted... Checking init scripts... WARNING: init script for postgresql not found. [ --- libc6 config screen appears here --- ] WARNING: POSIX threads library NPTL requires kernel version 2.6.8 or later. If you use a kernel 2.4, please upgrade it before installing glibc. The installation of a 2.6 kernel _could_ ask you to install a new libc first, this is NOT a bug, and should *NOT* be reported. In that case, please add etch sources to your /etc/apt/sources.list and run: apt-get install -t etch linux-image-2.6 Then reboot into this new kernel, and proceed with your upgrade dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.7-18lenny2_i386.deb (--unpack): subprocess pre-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.7-18lenny2_i386.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Ack! Something bad happened while installing packages. Trying to recover: dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of locales: locales depends on glibc-2.7-1; however: Package glibc-2.7-1 is not installed. dpkg: error processing locales (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing: locales Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree Reading extended state information Initializing package states... Done Reading task descriptions... Done Now, if I follow the instrunctions as promted I get the following. Note that I am using aptitude instead of apt-get to benefit from the better dependency tracking. I did try with apt-get first. But that let me to the same problem. [green:~]% sudo aptitude install -t etch linux-image-2.6.26-2-686 Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree Reading extended state information Initializing package states... Done Reading task descriptions... Done E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. E: Unable to correct dependencies, some packages cannot be installed E: Unable to resolve some dependencies! Some packages had unmet dependencies. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following packages have unmet dependencies: linux-image-2.6.26-2-686: Depends: initramfs-tools (>= 0.55) but it is not installable or yaird (>= 0.0.13) but it is not installable or linux-initramfs-tool which is a virtual package. Any ideas?

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• Ubuntu server 9.10 freezes up after ~10 minutes

  - by Matt Williamson

  I just upgraded my Ubuntu server from 9.04 to 9.10 and after about 10 minutes it locks up. It won't respond to ping, can't ssh in and the terminal doesn't accept keyboard input. It does not have X installed. I then reformatted and installed it from scratch with the same results. There are two hard drives, the first is for the OS and the second is for media. The second has not changed, it is an ext3 formatted drive with one partition. I stopped random services (samba, ushare, transmission-daemon) to see if they were causing the issue, but it still locked up. I did a watch "dmesg|tail" until it locked up, but I didn't see anything. How can I troubleshoot this further? I don't want to downgrade. Machine specs: Dell Dimension 3000 Pentium 4 @3GHz 512M RAM

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• rsync for copying file

  - by vinayrks

  I am migrating my old server to new server . I used this server for hosting website . first I tried sftp but due to huge number of files and connection time out , it simply didn't work . then I tried rsync .rsync working good , but only problem I am facing it updating file very nicely & fastly but do not copy new files please help me . because still i need to transfer lots of file. I am using this command : rsync -anv -e ssh oldserver:/path/ /path

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• Issues with SSL key on CentOS

  - by yummm

  When trying to install a SSL key on my centos server, apache refuses to restart and I see the following errors in my log. [Tue Mar 16 22:32:58 2010] [error] Init: Private key not found [Tue Mar 16 22:32:58 2010] [error] SSL Library Error: 218710120 error:0D094068:asn1 encoding routines:d2i_ASN1_SET:bad tag [Tue Mar 16 22:32:58 2010] [error] SSL Library Error: 218529960 error:0D0680A8:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:wrong tag [Tue Mar 16 22:32:58 2010] [error] SSL Library Error: 218595386 error:0D07803A:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_ITEM_EX_D2I:nested asn1 error [Tue Mar 16 22:32:58 2010] [error] SSL Library Error: 218734605 error:0D09A00D:asn1 encoding routines:d2i_PrivateKey:ASN1 lib What exactly does this mean? Is my SSL key bad? If so, what is the correct way to upload the key to the server? I just opened the crt file in notepad and copied the data out and saved it over ssh.

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• How can I perform a controlled shutdown of a virtualbox guest using VBoxManage?

  - by Bryan

  I'm currently testing Ubuntu 10.04, and have install the VirtualBox software. I have also installed Ubuntu 10.04 as a VirtualBox guest running on the host system. I've installed the VirtualBox Utils into the guest OS, as follows: sudo apt-get install virtualbox-ose-guest-utils What I want to be able to do is to initiate a controlled shutdown of the guest, from the host system using the VBoxManage command. I first tried this command: VBoxManage controlvm guest poweroff which worked, but didn't initiate a controlled shutdown, it effectively pulls the plug on the guest. I've since found that this command should do the trick: VBoxManage controlvm guest acpipowerbutton but this doesn't appear to do anything. Can anyone tell me what I'm doing wrong? p.s. I don't want to use SSH & Certificates to do this, as I'm also going to be running Windows guests, and I want the solution to work for all guests.

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• rsync bash script to backup specific directories nightly to remote server

  - by Janice Young

  Hello, I am looking for a rsync script that will backup specific directories from my home machine to a remote server nightly. So say: /home/me/Pictures to ssh -p 6587 [email protected]/Pictures. It would be nice if it can look for changes but im not worried so much about the changes aspect is having a script that runs at a certain time of night with cron or however. I have googled and found scripts but those scripts were specific to the operations of those creators. Any help would be happily accepted as the scripted part really throws me off. Thank you, Janice

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• Resolving real IP address out of a dynamic dns address

  - by stavnir

  I recently opened a dynamic dns user (at no-ip for that matter..) for my own personal needs and especially for ssh-ing my computer whenever I need to, without knowing it's static IP. My questions are: Am I misusing the concept of dynamic dns? Are there more appropriate methods to do what I want to do? If not, how do I resolve my router's real ip address? Firefox somehow manages to do so, nslookup and other similar commands only resolve the ip of the ddns server (e.g. no-ip.org). Trying to figure this mystery with wireshark failed miserably ;)

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• centos: su silently fails

  - by matteo

  On a CentOS server where I'm logged via SSH as root, I do: su otherusername where 'otherusername' is the user name of another user, which exists. It does nothing. After that, I'm still root. whoami returns root, any file I create belongs to root, that is, su just doesn't su. However it does not give any error message. If I try to su with an invalid user name it does give an error message. What am I missing??

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• Gitosis on Mac OS X (Snow Leopard)

  - by Shyam

  Hi, I have a Snow Leopard box, where I have gitosis installed (Warning: noob alert), added a git user and I am able to remotely login to the machine with ssh. Locally, I can 'clone' my created repositories, as I can 'clone' the gitosis-admin too. Works perfect. I clone these using the 'git' user. git clone git@my-remote-machine:reponame.git remotely logged in, what doesn't work: git clone git@localhost:reponame.git However on that same remote machine where the repositories live, I can't clone from the localhost. It asks for a password, which wasn't created as far as I know. What am I doing wrong? Thank you for your replies!

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• rsync for coping file

  - by vinayrks

  I am migrating my old server to new server . I used this server for hosting website . first I tried sftp but due to huge number of files and connection time out , it simply didn't work . then I tried rsync .rsync working good , but only problem I am facing it updating file very nicely & fastly but do not copy new files please help me . because still i need to transfer lots of file. I am using this command : rsync -anv -e ssh oldserver:/path/ /path

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• Weird behaviour with OpenVPN: can not connect to a few websites

  - by Gaby Solis

  My OpenVPN server is Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS and openvpn version is 2.x My client is on Win 7. He can access most sites but not Youtube, Facebook, Twitter, groups.google.com, etc My server.conf is: local x.x.x.x port 1194 proto udp dev tun ca /etc/openvpn/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/keys/dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 push "redirect-gateway def1" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" client-to-client keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status /etc/openvpn/keys/openvpn-status.log verb 4 I can access Youtube etc using SSH Tunnel + SOCKS Proxy, and the Ubuntu server can access all sites. so nothing is wrong with the Ubuntu server. With little information I can provide, I am not looking for a quck solution. How can I debug?

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• How to prevent unison syncronize file when file process uploading

  - by user134600

  I use CentOS 5.8 Final. My situation is I running unison with cron where script below : */1 * * * * /usr/bin/unison /dev/null 2&1 and default profile like below : root = /var/www root = ssh://web02.example.com//var/www auto=true batch=true confirmbigdel=true fastcheck=true group=true owner=true prefer=newer silent=true times=true So in every minutes will syncronized www folder . My problem are : I upload file with size bigger than 10 MB to www from client with user1 permission where www folder is user1 owner. file in processing uploading then unison running in that minute and suddenly file upload owner changed to root:root When I editing file in www folder then I save when unison running, file owner changed to root:root where should be user1:user1 Is there anyone know about this problem?

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• switch's mgmt-ip is not remotely reachable.

  - by RainDoctor

  Switch model: Netgear FSM7352PS mgmt-ip: 192.168.1.100/24 Vlan id: 1 (default) There are couple of hosts in this Vlan: 192.168.1.2 (esxi console), for instance. 192.168.1.1 is the firewall/router interface. I can ping 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.1.2 from other vlans, say, 172.31.0.0/24 I can ssh to 192.168.1.2 from 172.31.0.0/24 I can't ping 192.168.1.100 from 172.31.0.0/24 However, I can ping 192.168.1.100 from 192.168.1.2 or from my laptop connected to that vlan (192.168.1.11). I can connect to the web GUI from my laptop when I am in that Vlan. Can anyone shed some light on why I am not able to connect from other vlans?

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• samba shares dissapear everynight

  - by Crash893

  I have ubuntu 8.04lts and recently a weird problem has been cropping up. every night something happens and in the morning my coworkers cant see the shares. If i try to remote into the machine via ssh i don't get a prompt . when i rebooted the machine i would get a "video cannot be displayed in this mode" screen and no other activity on the box. I booted from grub into recovery and tried doing a package repair (keeping my smb.conf) and that didn't seem to do anything after a few other reboots I was able to get it to come up (im not sure what i did) yesterday it did teh same thing i booted to recovery then did a repair xserver and it came right up so i thought that resovled the issue but then today same thing anyone have any idea on what i can look for (im very new to linux in general) worst case sennerio can i just reinstall ubuntu over again with out blowing out the data?

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• using Linux vncviewer

  - by Darkoni

  when i am connecting to VNC server using wine on linux $ wine vncviewer.exe i have to enter: VNC Server: 1.1.1.21 Proxy/Reapeter: 195.29.18.33:1234 and then, when i connect, on top there is txt: 1.1.1.21:5900 (195.29.18.33:1234) mine question is: how to connect using vncviewer ? what to put in VNC_VIA_CMD ? $ export xlocalPort=1234 $ export xremoteHost=1.1.1.21 $ export xremotePort=5900 $ export xgateway=195.29.18.33 $ export VNC_VIA_CMD="/usr/bin/ssh -f -L $xlocalPort:$xremoteHost:$xremotePort $xgateway sleep 20" $ vncviewer $xremoteHost -via $xgateway and i get error: unable connect to socket: Connection refused (111) i was trying to help myself with page http://www.tightvnc.com/vncviewer.1.php Please help, couse i need to use "native" linux vncviewer installed by $ yum install tigervnc tigervnc.i686 0:1.0.90-0.13.20100420svn4030.fc13

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• How to document linux server configuration?

  - by Margaret Thorpe

  Hi, I have about 20 linux servers which I need to document the configuration of. I do not mean the detailed configuration of services, but rather user accounts, databases, databases accounts, ip addresses, physical location, SSH port etc. etc. I know all this data is stored in config files, but I want to centralize it all. I am considering just creating a spreadsheet to record this data, but was wondering if there is something better (perhaps a small php/mysql app) which would be more structured and complete than a hacked together spreadsheet. What do you use?

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• How to make an ISO copy of Linux-filesystem and user files of VPS Debian based?

  - by moogeek

  Hello! I have a Debian-Based VPS on some hosting. I want to migrate from it and i need to make a full copy of all Linux-filesystem (and installed packages) + all home directory with website files. And then pack/convert it to ISO image so that to use it on cloud hostings like Amazon. The problem is that i have only ssh root access. Hosting support can't do that for me. Another part of the question - is it possible to enlarge the Linux-filesystem by not re-installing it and using the free space of home directory? Is it possible to do? I guess it is possible with rsync or something like that. Will my Mysql databes copy together with all other data? Thanks in advance!

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• How to make an ISO copy of Linux-filesystem and user files of VPS Debian based?

  - by moogeek

  Hello! I have a Debian-Based VPS on some hosting. I want to migrate from it and i need to make a full copy of all Linux-filesystem (and installed packages) + all home directory with website files. And then pack/convert it to ISO image so that to use it on cloud hostings like Amazon. The problem is that i have only ssh root access. Hosting support can't do that for me. Another part of the question - is it possible to enlarge the Linux-filesystem by not re-installing it and using the free space of home directory? Is it possible to do? I guess it is possible with rsync or something like that. Will my Mysql databes copy together with all other data? Thanks in advance!

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