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• How could this diagram of the current most lucrative technologies be improved?

  - by Edward Tanguay

  I'm giving a talk in April 2011 on the "Developer English" and showing my non-developer audience, mostly English teachers, various diagrams to explain how developers see their industry etc. One of these diagrams is "Hot Technologies", basically, if you want to become a developer, what technologies should you learn to have the highest chance of (1) getting a job (2) making a good salary, and (3) work with the most exciting technology. This is a draft I made just to get some ideas out, basically C#, PHP, Java are where the bulk of the jobs are. Mobile development has a big future. JavaScript is becoming more and more important, and I want to list "minor technologies" such a Python, Ruby on Rails to the side, I assume e.g. that in general, there are a much smaller percentage of jobs in these technologies as in C#, PHP, Java. How could this diagram be improved?

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• Bad style programming, am I pretending too much?

  - by Luca

  I realized to work in an office with a quite bad code base. The base library implemented in years and years is quite limited, and most of that code is, honestly, horrible. Projects developed in the office are very large. Fine. I could define me a "perfectionist" (but often I'm not), and I thought to refactor an application (really a portion), which need a new (complex) feature. But, today, I really realized that it's not possible to refactor that application modules with a reasonable time (say, 24/26 hours, respect the avaialable time for the task, which is 160 hours). I'm talking about (I am a bit ashamed to say) name collisions, large and frequent cut & paste code, horrible and misleading naming, makefiles without dependencies (!), application login is spread randomly across many different sources, dead code, variable aliasing, no assertion, no documentation, very long source files, bad/incomplete include file definition, (this is emblematic!) very frequent extern declaration of variables and functions, ... I'm sure to continue ... buffer overflows because sprintf, indentation (!), spacing, non existent const modifier usage. I would say that every source line was written quite randomly when needed, without keeping in mind some design (at least, the obvious one). (Am I in hell?) The problem arises when the application is developed by a colleague of mine. I felt very frustrated. So, I decided to expose the "situation" to my colleague; at the end, that was a bad idea. He is justified in saying that "the application was developed in haste, so it is natural that it is written vaguely; you are wasting time to think and implement an elegant implementation" .... I'm asking too much from my colleague to write readable code, which is managed and documented? I expect too much in not having to read thousands of lines of code to understand how a particular logic?

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• Are books on programming hard to understand?

  - by DarkEnergy

  I've been reading books that are extremely daunting. Accelerated C++ is by far one of the books -- that I haven't finished. I plan too, but that's another story. When reading a programming book, do you find yourself re reading a lot of the paragraphs? Sometimes it takes me like an hour to read 20 pages out of a book. Sometimes they become so daunting that it takes me all day to finish a single chapter. I think having these as e-books makes them even harder to read sometimes, since I'm so used to looking down to read a book or just looking at tangible paper. IDK, just wanting to know if reading these books becomes extremely hard, and do you find yourself rereading the most simplest paragraphs 2-3 times just to get the meaning of it because the previous paragraph left your brain hurting? http://www.it-career-coach.net/2007/03/04/are-computer-programming-books-hard-to-study/ here is a article i read on something similar to this. edit sometimes I find myself reading a whole page... then I look up and say 'wth did I just read'... I could finish a chapter in 30 minutes to an hour and feel this way too...

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• How to design a scalable notification system?

  - by Trent

  I need to write a notification system manager. Here is my requirements: I need to be able to send a Notification on different platforms, which may be totally different (for exemple, I need to be able to send either an SMS or an E-mail). Sometimes the notification may be the same for all recipients for a given platform, but sometimes it may be a notification per recipients (or several) per platform. Each notification can contain platform specific payload (for exemple an MMS can contains a sound or an image). The system need to be scalable, I need to be able to send a very large amount of notification without crashing either the application or the server. It is a two step process, first a customer may type a message and choose a platform to send to, and the notification(s) should be created to be processed either real-time either later. Then the system needs to send the notification to the platform provider. For now, I end up with some though but I don't know how scalable it will be or if it is a good design. I've though of the following objects (in a pseudo language): a generic Notification object: class Notification { String $message; Payload $payload; Collection<Recipient> $recipients; } The problem with the following objects is what if I've 1.000.000 recipients ? Even if the Recipient object is very small, it'll take too much memory. I could also create one Notification per recipient, but some platform providers requires me to send it in batch, meaning I need to define one Notification with several Recipients. Each created notification could be stored in a persistent storage like a DB or Redis. Would it be a good it to aggregate this later to make sure it is scalable? On the second step, I need to process this notification. But how could I distinguish the notification to the right platform provider? Should I use an object like MMSNotification extending an abstract Notification? or something like Notification.setType('MMS')? To allow to process a lot of notification at the same time, I think a messaging queue system like RabbitMQ may be the right tool. Is it? It would allow me to queue a lot of notification and have several worker to pop notification and process them. But what if I need to batch the recipients as seen above? Then I imagine a NotificationProcessor object for which I could I add NotificationHandler each NotificationHandler would be in charge to connect the platform provider and perform notification. I can also use an EventManager to allow pluggable behavior. Any feedbacks or ideas? Thanks for giving your time. Note: I'm used to work in PHP and it is likely the language of my choice.

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• Switching CSS to use asset pipeline in Rails?

  - by John

  I have a lot of legacy CSS files from what was a Rails 2.x app that got upgraded to Rails 3.2.8, and I want to switch over to using the Rails asset pipeline for stylesheets. The issue is, the CSS stuff is messy in terms of huge lines of code, duplicate file names, and unorganized folder structure. After looking through individual pages, and trying to add individual stylesheets and folders into the asset pipeline and spending some cycles debugging, I realized there's probably a better approach. Is there a way to test to make sure the old CSS matches up with the asset pipeline CSS? What are some good tools for testing and debugging CSS?

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• What is the problem git submodules are supposed to solve?

  - by Joshua Dance

  What is the problem that git submodules solve well? When should I use them? Or rather what is their use case? The only use of submodules that I have seen 'in the wild' has been when used to share code between multiple repositories. From what I have experienced, submodules do not appear to be ideally suited to this use case. You run into git update submodule woes and your history gets filled with updating submodule pointer commits. If the 'sharing code' use case is not best solved by submodules, what problems are?

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• Best Design Pattern for Coupling User Interface Components and Data Structures

  - by szahn

  I have a windows desktop application with a tree view. Due to lack of a sound data-binding solution for a tree view, I've implemented my own layer of abstraction on it to bind nodes to my own data structure. The requirements are as follows: Populate a tree view with nodes that resemble fields in a data structure. When a node is clicked, display the appropriate control to modify the value of that property in the instance of the data structure. The tree view is populated with instances of custom TreeNode classes that inherit from TreeNode. The responsibility of each custom TreeNode class is to (1) format the node text to represent the name and value of the associated field in my data structure, (2) return the control used to modify the property value, (3) get the value of the field in the control (3) set the field's value from the control. My custom TreeNode implementation has a property called "Control" which retrieves the proper custom control in the form of the base control. The control instance is stored in the custom node and instantiated upon first retrieval. So each, custom node has an associated custom control which extends a base abstract control class. Example TreeNode implementation: //The Tree Node Base Class public abstract class TreeViewNodeBase : TreeNode { public abstract CustomControlBase Control { get; } public TreeViewNodeBase(ExtractionField field) { UpdateControl(field); } public virtual void UpdateControl(ExtractionField field) { Control.UpdateControl(field); UpdateCaption(FormatValueForCaption()); } public virtual void SaveChanges(ExtractionField field) { Control.SaveChanges(field); UpdateCaption(FormatValueForCaption()); } public virtual string FormatValueForCaption() { return Control.FormatValueForCaption(); } public virtual void UpdateCaption(string newValue) { this.Text = Caption; this.LongText = newValue; } } //The tree node implementation class public class ExtractionTypeNode : TreeViewNodeBase { private CustomDropDownControl control; public override CustomControlBase Control { get { if (control == null) { control = new CustomDropDownControl(); control.label1.Text = Caption; control.comboBox1.Items.Clear(); control.comboBox1.Items.AddRange( Enum.GetNames( typeof(ExtractionField.ExtractionType))); } return control; } } public ExtractionTypeNode(ExtractionField field) : base(field) { } } //The custom control base class public abstract class CustomControlBase : UserControl { public abstract void UpdateControl(ExtractionField field); public abstract void SaveChanges(ExtractionField field); public abstract string FormatValueForCaption(); } //The custom control generic implementation (view) public partial class CustomDropDownControl : CustomControlBase { public CustomDropDownControl() { InitializeComponent(); } public override void UpdateControl(ExtractionField field) { //Nothing to do here } public override void SaveChanges(ExtractionField field) { //Nothing to do here } public override string FormatValueForCaption() { //Nothing to do here return string.Empty; } } //The custom control specific implementation public class FieldExtractionTypeControl : CustomDropDownControl { public override void UpdateControl(ExtractionField field) { comboBox1.SelectedIndex = comboBox1.FindStringExact(field.Extraction.ToString()); } public override void SaveChanges(ExtractionField field) { field.Extraction = (ExtractionField.ExtractionType) Enum.Parse(typeof(ExtractionField.ExtractionType), comboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString()); } public override string FormatValueForCaption() { return string.Empty; } The problem is that I have "generic" controls which inherit from CustomControlBase. These are just "views" with no logic. Then I have specific controls that inherit from the generic controls. I don't have any functions or business logic in the generic controls because the specific controls should govern how data is associated with the data structure. What is the best design pattern for this?

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• Curly braces on their own line or not?

  - by TomWij

  Should curly braces be on their own line or not? What do you think about it? if (you.hasAnswer()) { you.postAnswer(); } else { you.doSomething(); } or should it be if (you.hasAnswer()) { you.postAnswer(); } else { you.doSomething(); } or even if (you.hasAnswer()) you.postAnswer(); else you.doSomething(); Please be constructive! Explain why, share experiences, back it up with facts and references... ;-)

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• How do you safely work around broken code? [closed]

  - by burnt1ce

  Once in a while, a co-worker will check-in bad code which blocks my application from initializing properly. To get around this problem quickly, I comment out the offending code. I then forget to uncomment the offending code at the time of my check-in, so I want to prevent this from happening again. Do you have any suggestions on how to: Disable bad code that stop you from working Prevent yourself from checking in unwanted changes? I'm currently using Visual Studio as my IDE and TFS as my source code repo.

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• Which PHP framework is best for Facebook app?

  - by ohho

  I am new on Facebook app. The majority of Facebook sample apps are in PHP. Is there a PHP framework which integrates with Facebook (Graph) API you'd recommend? I am looking for features listed below and don't want to reinvent the wheels: link a Facebook user id to a local user profile database detect whether user has liked the app detect whether user has granted access the app write on user's wall (status/photo) Thanks!

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• Why are exceptions considered better than explicit error testing?

  - by Richard Keller

  I often come across heated blog posts where the author uses the argument of "exceptions vs explicit error checking" to advocate their preferred language over some other language. The general consensus seems to be that languages which make use of exceptions are inherently better / cleaner than languages which rely heavily on error checking through explicit function calls. Is the use of exceptions considered better programming practice than explicit error checking, and if so, why?

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• Is it possible to connect Flash applications to a server build with Delphi?

  - by Japie Bosman

  I have developed a client/server application using Firebird and developed with Delphi, having some clients that is also in Delphi, which I know how to do. But what I want to know is if it is possible to connect some Flash applications as clients to the Delphi developed server? The Flash applications must be able to access data in the database and also be able to update and insert records. Can something like this be done? Im using Delphi XE2 and the Flash is written with Actionscript 3

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• How do I choose a package format for Linux software distribution?

  - by Ian C.

  We have a Java-based application that, to date, we've been distributing as a tarball with instructions for deploying. It's mostly self-contained so deployment is fairly straight-forward: Untar on the disk you'd like it to live on; Make sure Java is in your path and a suitable distro and version; Verify ownership and group on all the files Start up the server processes with our start script If the user wants to get in to start-on-boot stuff with SysV we have some written instructions and a template init file for it in our tarball. We'd like to make this installation process a little more seamless; take care of the permissions and the init script deployment. We're also going to start bundling our own JRE with the application so that we're mostly free of external dependencies. The question we're faced with now is: how do we pick a package format for distribution? Is RPM the standard? Can all package management tools deal with it now? Our clients primarily run RHEL and CentOS, but we do have some using SuSE and even Debian. If we can pick a distro-agnostic format we'd prefer that. What about a self-extracting shell script? Something akin to how Java is distributed. If we're dependency-free would the self-extracting script be sufficient? What features or conveniences would we lose out on going with the script versus a proper package format meant for use by a package manager?

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• DDD Model Design and Repository Persistence Performance Considerations

  - by agarhy

  So I have been reading about DDD for some time and trying to figure out the best approach on several issues. I tend to agree that I should design my model in a persistent agnostic manner. And that repositories should load and persist my models in valid states. But are these approaches realistic practically? I mean its normal for a model to hold a reference to a collection of another type. Persisting that model should mean persist the entire collection. Fine. But do I really need to load the entire collection every time I load the model? Probably not. So I can have specialized repositories. Some that load maybe a subset of the object graph via DTOs and others that load the entire object graph. But when do I use which? If I have DTOs, what's stopping client code from directly calling them and completely bypassing the model? I can have mappers and factories to create my models from DTOs maybe? But depending on the design of my models that might not always work. Or it might not allow my models to be created in a valid state. What's the correct approach here?

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• Determine whether a link points to a file on local host or foreign domain [migrated]

  - by user107157

  This has been a burning question for me ever since and I think it's interesting enough to discuss it on the forums. As most will know, in websites we include anchor links, stylesheets, script files (javascript) and images. For anchor links we use the form <a href="..." /> For stylesheets we may use the form <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="..." /> For javascript we may use <script src="..." /> For images we use <img src="..." /> So, the question is this: How do we know that what is in the link pointer (i.e. replacing the ... in each example) is a local file or a foreign entity? To make it clear, lets say I create a local file named "ashish.com". Now, my purpose is to create a link so that anybody who clicks on it may download it. So, my code would be thus: <a href="ashish.com">Download It</a> But this makes it ambiguous. I could also be referring to a website named "ashish.com" So, how does the computer magically know which one I mean? Or does it even know this? What would happen in such a scenario?

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• What kind of specific projects can I do to master bitwise operations in C++? Also is there a canonical book? [closed]

  - by Ford

  I don't use C++ or bitwise operations at my current job but I'm thinking of applying to companies where it is a requirement to be fluent with them (on their tests anyway). So my question is: Can anyone suggest a project which will require gaining a fluency in bitwise operations to complete? On a side note, is there a canonical book on optimization techniques using bitwise operations since that seems to be an important use of them?

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• Software Design for Product Verticals and Service Verticals

  - by Rachel

  In every industry there are two verticals Product Vertical and Service Vertical, so my question is: How does design approach changes while designing Software for Product Vertical as compared to developing Software for Service Vertical ? What are the pros and cons for each case ? Also, in case of Product Vertical, How you go about designing Product or Features and what are steps involved ? Lastly, I was reading How Facebook Ships Code article and it appears that Product Managers have very little influence on how Product is developed and responsibility lies mainly with the Developer for the feature. So is this good practice and why one would go for this approach ? What would be your comment on this kind of approach ?

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• People's experience of Cloud Computing (using Force.com)

  - by Digger

  I would like to know about people's experience of working with APEX and the SalesForce.com platform, was it easy to work with? How similar to Java and C# is it? What did you like? What don't you like? Would you recommend it? Do you think cloud computing has a long term successful future? My reason for asking is that I am currently looking at a new position which involves working with APEX on the SalesForce.com platform. The position interests me but I just want to try and understand what I might be signing up for with regards the languages/platform as it is completely different from what I have worked with before. I have seen lots of videos/blog posts online (mainly from the recent Dreamforce event) and they obviously are very positive but I was just after some experiences from developers, both positive and negative. I find cloud computing a very interesting idea, but I am very new to the subject. The position I am looking at offers a fantastic opportunity but I was just after some opinions on APEX and the platform as I have no real world experience just what I have seen from the online videos. I guess ultimately what I am asking is: Are APEX and the SalesForce.com platform good to get involved in? Is development on the Force.com just a "career dead end"? Is cloud computing just a fad? Or does it have a long term future? Apologies in advance if this is the wrong place to ask such a question. Thanks

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• Am I experienced enough to learn and develop immediately using Ruby on Rails?

  - by acheong87

  General Question I understand that discussions revolving around questions of this form run the risk of becoming too specific to help others. So, perhaps a better, general question would be: What kind of experience, if any, translates easily to Ruby on Rails; and if none, then what's the learning curve like, in comparison to other popular languages? Background I have the opportunity to build a website using whatever technologies I wish to use. It's a fairly simple website, for listing products, taking payments, managing customer data, providing a back-end portal for employees to manage data, possibly hooking in flight information (the products are travel related), possibly integrating a blog and all the social-networking goodies. Specific Problem I have to let the client know by tonight whether I'm interested in taking up this project, before he talks to other potential developers, but I'm on the fence. I already work a full-time C++ development job, so the money doesn't do it for me. It's the opportunity to (be paid to) learn some new technologies and to have a real, running product in the end. I've heard and read great things about Ruby, and am really intrigued. I zipped through some introductory Ruby tutorials, no sweat. However I found the Rails tutorials a little overwhelming, especially not being able to try it out anywhere. And researching Rails hosts like Heroku and EngineYard makes me think that maybe I don't know what I'm getting myself into. The ship's leaving port! I wish I had more time to learn, better yet play with the language, but I have to decide soon! Should I venture or pass? Additional Details My experiences are in C/C++/Tcl/Perl/PHP/jQuery, and basic knowledge of Java/C#. I didn't study C.S. formally so I wasn't exposed to design principles, programming paradigms, etc., which is my greatest concern. Will my lack of understanding in this realm make RoR frustrating to learn? Will it be so incompatible with a C++ "way" of thinking that I'll wish I never started? Am I putting my client at risk by attempting this? If it helps, I'm quick to learn new things (self-taught so far) and care a great deal about correctness, using things for their intended purposes, and so on. I've read numerous recommendations of Agile Development with Rails and would love to read it (though perhaps, while developing in parallel, for shortness of time). Worse comes to worst, I'd give up and do the standard LAMP gig, of course, not charging the client for wasted time. But I'm hoping to avoid the project altogether if it's gonna come down to that! Thanks in advance for any tips, insights, votes of confidence, votes of discouragement (for the better), and such.

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• When is the best time to do self learning in relation with software management?

  - by shankbond

  It all started from here. I have been following Software Estimation: Demystifying the Black Art (Best Practices (Microsoft)). The third chapter says that in Software Management: You cannot give too much time to software developers, if you give it to them, then it is likely that extra time given to them will be filled by some other tasks (in other words, the developers will eat that time :)) Parkinson's Law You can also not squeeze the time from their schedule because if you do that, it is likely that they will develop poor quality product, poor design and will hurt you in the long run, there will be a panic situation and total chaos in the project, lots of rework etc. My question is related to the first point. If you don't give enough time then will the typical software engineer learn his/her skills? The market is always coming with new technologies, you need to learn them. Even with the existing familiar technologies there are always best practices and dos and don'ts.

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• Python web frameworks comparisons

  - by stupidLearner

  I recently asked a question on SO about Python web frameworks: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4909306/python-web-frameworks-vs-java-web-frameworks-how-is-web-development-in-python-do I want to learn one just for fun but it also has to be able to help me deliver a proper working application. I am looking for a framework with lots of features, powerful, mature, with large community, good documentation, books etc. I need something that will help me be more productive in developing my app and not waste time figuring out how to do a certain thing in the framework or how to write workaround around the limitations of the framework. I was thinking one of the following: django, zope, turbogears, pylons. Off course the war is raging out there and there are other alternatives but seems Django is at the top... or is it just hype? I am interested in pros and cons of each. What was the best feature you think the framework has? What is the thing it lacks? What could have been done differently. Help me chose one to learn for starters.

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• What happens with project backlog if sprint due date is missed?

  - by nikita

  Suppose that I have project backlog item with effort of 40 hours. My sprint is 40 hours (1 week) and I have one developer in team. So developer creates child task to pending backlog and estimates work to 40 hours. At the end of the sprint developer didn't succeed in resolving his task. Suppose that developer works only and only 40 hours per week. On the next week there would be new backlog items and new sprint. What should I do with backlog item and velocity graph? Obviously backlog item is not resolved on that sprint. Should I estimate the remaining work and subtract it from effort , so that now I see that our velocity is, say, 38hr per 40hr sprint?

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• Can an issue tracking system be distributed?

  - by Klaim

  I was thinking about issue tracking software like Redmine, Trac or even the one that is in Fossil and something hit me: Is there a reason why Redmine and Trac are not possible to be distributed? Or maybe it's possible and I just don't know how it's possible? If it's not possible, why? By distributed I mean like Facebook or Google or other applications that effectively runs on multiple hardware a the same time but share data.

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• Is there a very simple XML Editor/Viewer?

  - by Paul Spangle

  Part of our support job is to look at XML documents sent to our systems by our clients that have failed to load correctly. I do this by pasting the file in to Visual Studio as an XML file and VS colours it and adds line-breaks, indenting, etc. and it's then usually quite simple to spot the error and manually fix it and resubmit the document. Do I really have to use Visual Studio to do this? OK, it does the job quite well, but I'd have thought that something like Notepad++ would do the job just as well with a fraction of the machine resource usage. Is there are plugin for Notepad++ or another bit of freeware that can make XML look pretty and let me make simple edits?

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• Dapper and object validation/business rules enforcement

  - by Eugene

  This isn't really Dapper-specific, actually, as it relates to any XML-serializeable object.. but it came up when I was storing an object using Dapper. Anyways, say I have a user class. Normally, I'd do something like this: class User { public string SIN {get; private set;} public string DisplayName {get;set;} public User(string sin) { if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(sin)) throw new ArgumentException("SIN must be specified"); this.SIN = sin; } } Since a SIN is required, I'd just create a constructor with a sin parameter, and make it read-only. However, with a Dapper (and probably any other ORM), I need to provide a parameterless constructor, and make all properties writeable. So now I have this: class User: IValidatableObject { public int Id { get; set; } public string SIN { get; set; } public string DisplayName { get; set; } public IEnumerable<ValidationResult> Validate(ValidationContext validationContext) { // implementation } } This seems.. can't really pick the word, a bad smell? A) I'm allowing to change properties that should not be changed ever after an object has been created (SIN, userid) B) Now I have to implement IValidatableObject or something like that to test those properties before updating them to db. So how do you go about it ?

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