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• Event system architecture for networking when performance is concerned

  - by Vandell

  How should I design a system for an action game (think in Golden Axe) where events can happen remotely? I'm using TCP for this because the client is in flash. There's so many options, I can make a binary protocol (I don't like this idea, I found it to be too hard to mantain) but I was also thinking that passing jsons through clients and server can be slow (Is that a exaggerated concern?). What about the internal architecture for the server? And for the client? I'm really lost, If it's a question that is too big, please indicate me some material so I can formulate a better question next time.

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• Refresh bounded taskflows across regions using Contextual Events

  - by raghu.yadav

  Usecases: 1) Data Change in left region inputText field reflect changes in right region using contextual event. example by Frank Nimphius :Value change event refresh across regions using Contextual Events 2) Select Tree node in left region reflects dependent detail form in right region using dynamic regions and Contextual Events. example by Frank Nimphius:Example6-RangeCtx.unzip More related examples: http://thepeninsulasedge.com/frank_nimphius/2008/02/07/adf-faces-rc-refreshing-a-table-ui-from-a-contextual-event/ http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/jdev/tips/fnimphius/generictreeselectionlistener/index.html http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/jdev/tips/fnimphius/syncheditformwithtree/index.html http://biemond.blogspot.com/2009/01/passing-adf-events-between-task-flow.html http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/jdev/tips/fnimphius/opentaskflowintab/index.html http://lucbors.blogspot.com/2010/03/adf-11g-contextual-event-framework.html http://thepeninsulasedge.com/blog/?cat=2 http://www.ora600.be/news/adf-contextual-events-11g-r1-ps1

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• New Features in ASP.NET Web API 2 - Part I

  - by dwahlin

  I’m a big fan of ASP.NET Web API. It provides a quick yet powerful way to build RESTful HTTP services that can easily be consumed by a variety of clients. While it’s simple to get started using, it has a wealth of features such as filters, formatters, and message handlers that can be used to extend it when needed. In this post I’m going to provide a quick walk-through of some of the key new features in version 2. I’ll focus on some two of my favorite features that are related to routing and HTTP responses and cover additional features in a future post.   Attribute Routing Routing has been a core feature of Web API since it’s initial release and something that’s built into new Web API projects out-of-the-box. However, there are a few scenarios where defining routes can be challenging such as nested routes (more on that in a moment) and any situation where a lot of custom routes have to be defined. For this example, let’s assume that you’d like to define the following nested route:   /customers/1/orders   This type of route would select a customer with an Id of 1 and then return all of their orders. Defining this type of route in the standard WebApiConfig class is certainly possible, but it isn’t the easiest thing to do for people who don’t understand routing well. Here’s an example of how the route shown above could be defined:   public static class WebApiConfig { public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config) { config.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "CustomerOrdersApiGet", routeTemplate: "api/customers/{custID}/orders", defaults: new { custID = 0, controller = "Customers", action = "Orders" } ); config.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.Insert(0, new JsonpFormatter()); } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }   With attribute based routing, defining these types of nested routes is greatly simplified. To get started you first need to make a call to the new MapHttpAttributeRoutes() method in the standard WebApiConfig class (or a custom class that you may have created that defines your routes) as shown next:   public static class WebApiConfig { public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config) { // Allow for attribute based routes config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes(); config.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); } } Once attribute based routes are configured, you can apply the Route attribute to one or more controller actions. Here’s an example:   [HttpGet] [Route("customers/{custId:int}/orders")] public List<Order> Orders(int custId) { var orders = _Repository.GetOrders(custId); if (orders == null) { throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NotFound)); } return orders; }   This example maps the custId route parameter to the custId parameter in the Orders() method and also ensures that the route parameter is typed as an integer. The Orders() method can be called using the following route: /customers/2/orders   While this is extremely easy to use and gets the job done, it doesn’t include the default “api” string on the front of the route that you might be used to seeing. You could add “api” in front of the route and make it “api/customers/{custId:int}/orders” but then you’d have to repeat that across other attribute-based routes as well. To simply this type of task you can add the RoutePrefix attribute above the controller class as shown next so that “api” (or whatever the custom starting point of your route is) is applied to all attribute routes: [RoutePrefix("api")] public class CustomersController : ApiController { [HttpGet] [Route("customers/{custId:int}/orders")] public List<Order> Orders(int custId) { var orders = _Repository.GetOrders(custId); if (orders == null) { throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NotFound)); } return orders; } }   There’s much more that you can do with attribute-based routing in ASP.NET. Check out the following post by Mike Wasson for more details.   Returning Responses with IHttpActionResult The first version of Web API provided a way to return custom HttpResponseMessage objects which were pretty easy to use overall. However, Web API 2 now wraps some of the functionality available in version 1 to simplify the process even more. A new interface named IHttpActionResult (similar to ActionResult in ASP.NET MVC) has been introduced which can be used as the return type for Web API controller actions. To return a custom response you can use new helper methods exposed through ApiController such as: Ok NotFound Exception Unauthorized BadRequest Conflict Redirect InvalidModelState Here’s an example of how IHttpActionResult and the helper methods can be used to cleanup code. This is the typical way to return a custom HTTP response in version 1:   public HttpResponseMessage Delete(int id) { var status = _Repository.DeleteCustomer(id); if (status) { return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK); } else { throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); } } With version 2 we can replace HttpResponseMessage with IHttpActionResult and simplify the code quite a bit:   public IHttpActionResult Delete(int id) { var status = _Repository.DeleteCustomer(id); if (status) { //return new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.OK); return Ok(); } else { //throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound); return NotFound(); } } You can also cleanup post (insert) operations as well using the helper methods. Here’s a version 1 post action:   public HttpResponseMessage Post([FromBody]Customer cust) { var newCust = _Repository.InsertCustomer(cust); if (newCust != null) { var msg = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.Created); msg.Headers.Location = new Uri(Request.RequestUri + newCust.ID.ToString()); return msg; } else { throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.Conflict); } } This is what the code looks like in version 2:   public IHttpActionResult Post([FromBody]Customer cust) { var newCust = _Repository.InsertCustomer(cust); if (newCust != null) { return Created<Customer>(Request.RequestUri + newCust.ID.ToString(), newCust); } else { return Conflict(); } } More details on IHttpActionResult and the different helper methods provided by the ApiController base class can be found here. Conclusion Although there are several additional features available in Web API 2 that I could cover (CORS support for example), this post focused on two of my favorites features. If you have .NET 4.5.1 available then I definitely recommend checking the new features out. Additional articles that cover features in ASP.NET Web API 2 can be found here.

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• ASP.NET MVC: ModelBinding Multiple File Uploads to an Array

  - by HeartattacK

  Note: Cross posted from Heartysoft.com. Permalink In this article, Ashic Mahtab shows how to model bind multiple file uploads to a single array action parameter in ASP.NET MVC.

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• SQL SERVER – Monday Morning Puzzle – Query Returns Results Sometimes but Not Always

  - by pinaldave

  The amount of email I receive sometime it is impossible for me to answer every email. Nonetheless I try to answer pretty much every email I receive. However, quite often I receive such questions in email that I have no answer to them because either emails are not complete or they are out of my domain expertise. In recent times I received one email which had only one or two lines but indeed attracted my attention to it. The question was bit vague but it indeed made me think. The answer was not straightforward so I had to keep on writing the answer as I remember it. However, after writing the answer I do not feel satisfied. Let me put this question in front of you and see if we all can come up with a comprehensive answer. Question: I am beginner with SQL Server. I have one query, it sometime returns a result and sometime it does not return me the result. Where should I start looking for a solution and what kind of information I should send to you so you can help me with solving. I have no clue, please guide me. Well, if you read the question, it is indeed incomplete and it does not contain much of the information at all. I decided to help him and here is the answer, which I started to compose. Answer: As there are not much information in the original question, I am not confident what will solve your problem. However, here are the few things which you can try to look at and see if that solves your problem. Check parameter which is passed to the query. Is the parameter changing at various executions? Check connection string – is there some kind of logic around it? Do you have a non-deterministic component in your query logic? (In other words – does your result is based on current date time or any other time based function?) Are you facing time out while running your query? Is there any error in error log? What is the business logic in your query? Do you have all the valid permissions to all the objects used in the query? Are permissions changing or query accessing a different object in various executions? (Add your suggestions here) Meanwhile, have you ever faced this situation? If yes, do share your experience in the comment area. I will send a copy of my book SQL Server Interview Questions and Answers to one of the most interesting comment. The winner will be announced by next Monday.  Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Interview Questions and Answers, SQL Puzzle, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• DTracing a PHPUnit Test: Looking at Functional Programming

  - by cj

  Here's a quick example of using DTrace Dynamic Tracing to work out what a PHP code base does. I was reading the article Functional Programming in PHP by Patkos Csaba and wondering how efficient this stype of programming is. I thought this would be a good time to fire up DTrace and see what is going on. Since DTrace is "always available" even in production machines (once PHP is compiled with --enable-dtrace), this was easy to do. I have Oracle Linux with the UEK3 kernel and PHP 5.5 with DTrace static probes enabled, as described in DTrace PHP Using Oracle Linux 'playground' Pre-Built Packages I installed the Functional Programming sample code and Sebastian Bergmann's PHPUnit. Although PHPUnit is included in the Functional Programming example, I found it easier to separately download and use its phar file: cd ~/Desktop wget -O master.zip https://github.com/tutsplus/functional-programming-in-php/archive/master.zip wget https://phar.phpunit.de/phpunit.phar unzip master.zip I created a DTrace D script functree.d: #pragma D option quiet self int indent; BEGIN { topfunc = $1; } php$target:::function-entry /copyinstr(arg0) == topfunc/ { self->follow = 1; } php$target:::function-entry /self->follow/ { self->indent += 2; printf("%*s %s%s%s\n", self->indent, "->", arg3?copyinstr(arg3):"", arg4?copyinstr(arg4):"", copyinstr(arg0)); } php$target:::function-return /self->follow/ { printf("%*s %s%s%s\n", self->indent, "<-", arg3?copyinstr(arg3):"", arg4?copyinstr(arg4):"", copyinstr(arg0)); self->indent -= 2; } php$target:::function-return /copyinstr(arg0) == topfunc/ { self->follow = 0; } This prints a PHP script function call tree starting from a given PHP function name. This name is passed as a parameter to DTrace, and assigned to the variable topfunc when the DTrace script starts. With this D script, choose a PHP function that isn't recursive, or modify the script to set self->follow = 0 only when all calls to that function have unwound. From looking at the sample FunSets.php code and its PHPUnit test driver FunSetsTest.php, I settled on one test function to trace: function testUnionContainsAllElements() { ... } I invoked DTrace to trace function calls invoked by this test with # dtrace -s ./functree.d -c 'php phpunit.phar \ /home/cjones/Desktop/functional-programming-in-php-master/FunSets/Tests/FunSetsTest.php' \ '"testUnionContainsAllElements"' The core of this command is a call to PHP to run PHPUnit on the FunSetsTest.php script. Outside that, DTrace is called and the PID of PHP is passed to the D script $target variable so the probes fire just for this invocation of PHP. Note the quoting around the PHP function name passed to DTrace. The parameter must have double quotes included so DTrace knows it is a string. The output is: PHPUnit 3.7.28 by Sebastian Bergmann. ......-> FunSetsTest::testUnionContainsAllElements -> FunSets::singletonSet <- FunSets::singletonSet -> FunSets::singletonSet <- FunSets::singletonSet -> FunSets::union <- FunSets::union -> FunSets::contains -> FunSets::{closure} -> FunSets::contains -> FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::contains <- FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::contains -> PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertTrue -> PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::isTrue <- PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::isTrue -> PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertThat -> PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::count <- PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::count -> PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::evaluate -> PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsTrue::matches <- PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsTrue::matches <- PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::evaluate <- PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertThat <- PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertTrue -> FunSets::contains -> FunSets::{closure} -> FunSets::contains -> FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::contains -> FunSets::contains -> FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::contains <- FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::contains -> PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertTrue -> PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::isTrue <- PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::isTrue -> PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertThat -> PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::count <- PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::count -> PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::evaluate -> PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsTrue::matches <- PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsTrue::matches <- PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::evaluate <- PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertThat <- PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertTrue -> FunSets::contains -> FunSets::{closure} -> FunSets::contains -> FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::contains -> FunSets::contains -> FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::contains <- FunSets::{closure} <- FunSets::contains -> PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertFalse -> PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::isFalse -> {closure} -> main <- main <- {closure} <- PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::isFalse -> PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertThat -> PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::count <- PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::count -> PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::evaluate -> PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsFalse::matches <- PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsFalse::matches <- PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint::evaluate <- PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertThat <- PHPUnit_Framework_Assert::assertFalse <- FunSetsTest::testUnionContainsAllElements ... Time: 1.85 seconds, Memory: 3.75Mb OK (9 tests, 23 assertions) The periods correspond to the successful tests before and after (and from) the test I was tracing. You can see the function entry ("->") and return ("<-") points. Cross checking with the testUnionContainsAllElements() source code confirms the two singletonSet() calls, one union() call, two assertTrue() calls and finally an assertFalse() call. These assertions have a contains() call as a parameter, so contains() is called before the PHPUnit assertion functions are run. You can see contains() being called recursively, and how the closures are invoked. If you want to focus on the application logic and suppress the PHPUnit function trace, you could turn off tracing when assertions are being checked by adding D clauses checking the entry and exit of assertFalse() and assertTrue(). But if you want to see all of PHPUnit's code flow, you can modify the functree.d code that sets and unsets self-follow, and instead change it to toggle the variable in request-startup and request-shutdown probes: php$target:::request-startup { self->follow = 1 } php$target:::request-shutdown { self->follow = 0 } Be prepared for a large amount of output!

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• ASP.NET MVC 2 throws exception for ‘favicon.ico’

  - by nmarun

  I must be on fire or something – third blog in 2 days… awesome! Before I begin, in case you’re wondering, favicon.ico is the small image that appears to the left of your web address, once the page loads. In order to learn more about MVC or any thing for that matter, it’s better to look at the source itself. Since MVC is open source (at least some part of it is), I started looking at the source code that’s available for download. While doing so, I hit Steve Sanderson’s blog site where he explains in great detail the way to debug your app using ASP.NET MVC source code. For those who are not aware, Steve Sanderson’s book - Pro ASP.NET MVC Framework, is one of the best books to learn about MVC. Alrighty, I followed the article and I hit F5 to debug the default / unchanged MVC project. I put a breakpoint in the DefaultControllerFactory.cs, CreateController() method. To know a little more about this class and the method, read this. Sure enough, the control stopped at the breakpoint and I hit F5 again and the page rendered just fine. But then what’s this? The breakpoint was hit again, as if something else was being requested. I now hovered my mouse over the ‘controllerName’ parameter and it says – favicon.ico. This by itself was more than enough for me to raise my eye-brows, but what happened next just took the ground below my feet. Oh, oh, I’m sorry I’m just typing, no code, no image, so here are a couple of screen captures. The first one shows the request for the Home controller; I get ‘Home’ when I hover over the parameter: And here’s the one that shows the same for call for ‘favicon.ico’. So, I step through the code and when the control reaches line 91 – GetControllerInstance() method, I step in. This is when I had the ‘ground-losing’ experience. Wow, an exception is being thrown for this file and that too in RTM. For some reason MVC thinks, this as a controller and tries to run it through the MvcHandler and it hits this snag. So it seems like this will happen for any MVC 2 site and this did not happen for me in the previous version of MVC. Before I get to how to resolve it, here’s another way of reproducing this exception. Revert back all your changes that you did as mentioned in Steve’s blog above. Now, add a class to your MVC project and call it say, MyControllerFactory and let this inherit from DefaultControllerFactory class. (Read this for details on the DefaultControllerFactory class is and how it is used in a different context). Add an override for the CreateController() method and for the sake of this blog, just copy the same content from the DefaultControllerFactory class. The last step is to tell your MVC app to use the MyControllerFactory class instead of the default one. To do this, go to your Global.asax.cs file and add line 6 of the snippet below: 1: protected void Application_Start() 2: { 3: AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); 4:   5: RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); 6: ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory(new MyControllerFactory()); 7: } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Now, you’re ready to reproduce the issue. Just F5 the project and when you hit the overridden CreateController() method for the second time, this is what it looks like for me: And continuing further gives me the same exception. I believe this is something that MS should fix, as not having ‘favicon.ico’ file will be common for most of the applications. So I think the when you create an MVC project, line 6 should be added by default by Visual Studio itself: 1: public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication 2: { 3: public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes) 4: { 5: routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); 6: routes.IgnoreRoute("favicon.ico"); 7:   8: routes.MapRoute( 9: "Default", // Route name 10: "{controller}/{action}/{id}", // URL with parameters 11: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } // Parameter defaults 12: ); 13: } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } There it is, that’s the solution to avoid the exception altogether. I tried this both IE8 and Firefox browsers and was able to successfully reproduce the error. Hope someone will look at this issue and find a fix. Just before I finish up, I found another ‘bug’, if you want to call it, with Visual Studio 2008. Remember how you could change what browser you want your application to run in by just right clicking on the .aspx file and choosing ‘Browse with…’? Seems like that’s missing when you’re working with an MVC project. In order to test the above bug in the other browser, I had to load a classic ASP.NET project, change the settings and then run my MVC project. Felt kinda ‘icky’, for lack of a better word.

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• GLSL Atmospheric Scattering Issue

  - by mtf1200

  I am attempting to use Sean O'Neil's shaders to accomplish atmospheric scattering. For now I am just using SkyFromSpace and GroundFromSpace. The atmosphere works fine but the planet itself is just a giant dark sphere with a white blotch that follows the camera. I think the problem might rest in the "v3Attenuation" variable as when this is removed the sphere is show (albeit without scattering). Here is the vertex shader. Thanks for the time! uniform mat4 g_WorldViewProjectionMatrix; uniform mat4 g_WorldMatrix; uniform vec3 m_v3CameraPos; // The camera's current position uniform vec3 m_v3LightPos; // The direction vector to the light source uniform vec3 m_v3InvWavelength; // 1 / pow(wavelength, 4) for the red, green, and blue channels uniform float m_fCameraHeight; // The camera's current height uniform float m_fCameraHeight2; // fCameraHeight^2 uniform float m_fOuterRadius; // The outer (atmosphere) radius uniform float m_fOuterRadius2; // fOuterRadius^2 uniform float m_fInnerRadius; // The inner (planetary) radius uniform float m_fInnerRadius2; // fInnerRadius^2 uniform float m_fKrESun; // Kr * ESun uniform float m_fKmESun; // Km * ESun uniform float m_fKr4PI; // Kr * 4 * PI uniform float m_fKm4PI; // Km * 4 * PI uniform float m_fScale; // 1 / (fOuterRadius - fInnerRadius) uniform float m_fScaleDepth; // The scale depth (i.e. the altitude at which the atmosphere's average density is found) uniform float m_fScaleOverScaleDepth; // fScale / fScaleDepth attribute vec4 inPosition; vec3 v3ELightPos = vec3(g_WorldMatrix * vec4(m_v3LightPos, 1.0)); vec3 v3ECameraPos= vec3(g_WorldMatrix * vec4(m_v3CameraPos, 1.0)); const int nSamples = 2; const float fSamples = 2.0; varying vec4 color; float scale(float fCos) { float x = 1.0 - fCos; return m_fScaleDepth * exp(-0.00287 + x*(0.459 + x*(3.83 + x*(-6.80 + x*5.25)))); } void main(void) { gl_Position = g_WorldViewProjectionMatrix * inPosition; // Get the ray from the camera to the vertex and its length (which is the far point of the ray passing through the atmosphere) vec3 v3Pos = vec3(g_WorldMatrix * inPosition); vec3 v3Ray = v3Pos - v3ECameraPos; float fFar = length(v3Ray); v3Ray /= fFar; // Calculate the closest intersection of the ray with the outer atmosphere (which is the near point of the ray passing through the atmosphere) float B = 2.0 * dot(m_v3CameraPos, v3Ray); float C = m_fCameraHeight2 - m_fOuterRadius2; float fDet = max(0.0, B*B - 4.0 * C); float fNear = 0.5 * (-B - sqrt(fDet)); // Calculate the ray's starting position, then calculate its scattering offset vec3 v3Start = m_v3CameraPos + v3Ray * fNear; fFar -= fNear; float fDepth = exp((m_fInnerRadius - m_fOuterRadius) / m_fScaleDepth); float fCameraAngle = dot(-v3Ray, v3Pos) / fFar; float fLightAngle = dot(v3ELightPos, v3Pos) / fFar; float fCameraScale = scale(fCameraAngle); float fLightScale = scale(fLightAngle); float fCameraOffset = fDepth*fCameraScale; float fTemp = (fLightScale + fCameraScale); // Initialize the scattering loop variables float fSampleLength = fFar / fSamples; float fScaledLength = fSampleLength * m_fScale; vec3 v3SampleRay = v3Ray * fSampleLength; vec3 v3SamplePoint = v3Start + v3SampleRay * 0.5; // Now loop through the sample rays vec3 v3FrontColor = vec3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0); vec3 v3Attenuate; for(int i=0; i<nSamples; i++) { float fHeight = length(v3SamplePoint); float fDepth = exp(m_fScaleOverScaleDepth * (m_fInnerRadius - fHeight)); float fScatter = fDepth*fTemp - fCameraOffset; v3Attenuate = exp(-fScatter * (m_v3InvWavelength * m_fKr4PI + m_fKm4PI)); v3FrontColor += v3Attenuate * (fDepth * fScaledLength); v3SamplePoint += v3SampleRay; } vec3 first = v3FrontColor * (m_v3InvWavelength * m_fKrESun + m_fKmESun); vec3 secondary = v3Attenuate; color = vec4((first + vec3(0.25,0.25,0.25) * secondary), 1.0); // ^^ that color is passed to the frag shader and is used as the gl_FragColor } Here is also an image of the problem image

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• Code refactoring with Visual Studio 2010 Part-1

  - by Jalpesh P. Vadgama

  Visual studio 2010 is a Great IDE(Integrated Development Environment) and we all are using it in day by day for our coding purpose. There are many great features provided by Visual Studio 2010 and Today I am going to show one of great feature called for code refactoring. This feature is one of the most unappreciated features of Visual Studio 2010 as lots of people still not using that and doing stuff manfully. So to explain feature let’s create a simple console application which will print first name and last name like following. And following is code for that. using System; namespace CodeRefractoring { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string firstName = "Jalpesh"; string lastName = "Vadgama"; Console.WriteLine(string.Format("FirstName:{0}",firstName)); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("LastName:{0}", lastName)); Console.ReadLine(); } } } So as you can see this is a very basic console application and let’s run it to see output. So now lets explore our first feature called extract method in visual studio you can also do that via refractor menu like following. Just select the code for which you want to extract method and then click refractor menu and then click extract method. Now I am selecting three lines of code and clicking on refactor –> Extract Method just like following. Once you click menu a dialog box will appear like following. As you can I have highlighted two thing first is Method Name where I put Print as Method Name and another one Preview method signature where its smart enough to extract parameter also as We have just selected three lines with  console.writeline.  One you click ok it will extract the method and you code will be like this. using System; namespace CodeRefractoring { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { string firstName = "Jalpesh"; string lastName = "Vadgama"; Print(firstName, lastName); } private static void Print(string firstName, string lastName) { Console.WriteLine(string.Format("FirstName:{0}", firstName)); Console.WriteLine(string.Format("LastName:{0}", lastName)); Console.ReadLine(); } } } So as you can see in above code its has created a static method called Print and also passed parameter for as firstname and lastname. Isn’t that great!!!. It has also created static print method as I am calling it from static void main.  Hope you liked it.. Stay tuned for more..Till that Happy programming.

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• ASP.Net MVC - how to post values to the server that are not in an input element

  - by David Carter

  Problem As was mentioned in a previous blog I am building a web page that allows the user to select dates in a calendar and then shows the dates in an unordered list. The problem now is that those dates need to be sent to the server on page submit so that they can be saved to the database. If I was storing the dates in an input element, say a textbox, that wouldn't be an issue but because they are in an html element whose contents are not posted to the server an alternative strategy needs to be developed. Solution The approach that I took to solve this problem is as follows: 1. Place a hidden input field on the form <input id="hiddenDates" name="hiddenDates" type="hidden" value="" /> ASP.Net MVC has an Html helper with a method called Hidden() that will do this for you @Html.Hidden("hiddenDates"). 2. Copy the values from the html element to the hidden input field before submitting the form The following javascript is added to the page:        $(function () {          $('#formCreate').submit(function () {               PopulateHiddenDates();          });        });            function PopulateHiddenDates() {          var dateValues = '';          $($('#dateList').children('li')).each(function(index) {             dateValues += $(this).attr("id") + ",";          });          $('#hiddenDates').val(dateValues);        } I'm using jQuery to bind to the form submit event so that my method to populate the hidden field gets called before the form is submitted. The dateList element is an unordered list and by using the jQuery each function I can itterate through all the <li> items that it contains, get each items id attribute (to which I have assigned the value of the date in millisecs) and write them to the hidden field as a comma delimited string. 3. Process the dates on the server        [HttpPost]         public ActionResult Create(string hiddenDates, string utcOffset)         {            List<DateTime> dates = GetDates(hiddenDates, utcOffset);         }         private List<DateTime> GetDates(string hiddenDates, int utcOffset)         {             List<DateTime> dates = new List<DateTime>();             var values = hiddenDates.Split(",".ToCharArray(),StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);             foreach (var item in values)             {                 DateTime newDate = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1).AddMilliseconds(double.Parse(item)).AddMinutes(utcOffset*-1);                 dates.Add(newDate);                }             return dates;         } By declaring a parameter with the same name as the hidden field ASP.Net will take care of finding the corresponding entry in the form collection posted back to the server and binding it to the hiddenDates parameter! Excellent! I now have my dates the user selected and I can save them to the database. I have also used the same technique to pass back a utcOffset so that I know what timezone the user is in and I can show the dates correctly to users in other timezones if necessary (this isn't strictly necessary at the moment but I plan to introduce times later), Saving multiple dates from an unordered list - DONE!

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• Continue with out a default route?

  - by user2009

  I am doing a complete unattended install of Ubuntu 12.04. I am doing static network configuration. Here is content for Static network configuration from the preseed file. d-i netcfg/disable_dhcp boolean true d-i netcfg/no_default_route boolean true d-i netcfg/get_nameservers string 192.168.1.254 d-i netcfg/get_ipaddress string 192.168.1.13 d-i netcfg/get_netmask string 255.255.255.0 d-i netcfg/get_gateway string 192.168.1.1 d-i netcfg/confirm_static boolean true Still is asking "Continue without a default route?". I have to say , then only installed is going ahead. Am passing preseed file via network (preseed/url). How to avoid this manual intervention? Does the order of netcfg statements matter?

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• ASP.NET MVC JavaScript Routing

  - by zowens

  Have you ever done this sort of thing in your ASP.NET MVC view? The weird thing about this isn’t the alert function, it’s the code block containing the Url formation using the ASP.NET MVC UrlHelper. The terrible thing about this experience is the obvious lack of IntelliSense and this ugly inline JavaScript code. Inline JavaScript isn’t portable to other pages beyond the current page of execution. It is generally considered bad practice to use inline JavaScript in your public-facing pages. How ludicrous would it be to copy and paste the entire jQuery code base into your pages…? Not something you’d ever consider doing. The problem is that your URLs have to be generated by ASP.NET at runtime and really can’t be copied to your JavaScript code without some trickery. How about this? Does the hard-coded URL bother you? It really bothers me. The typical solution to this whole routing in JavaScript issue is to just hard-code your URLs into your JavaScript files and call it done. But what if your URLs change? You have to now go an track down the places in JavaScript and manually replace them. What if you get the pattern wrong? Do you have tests around it? This isn’t something you should have to worry about.   The Solution To Our Problems The solution is to port routing over to JavaScript. Does that sound daunting to you? It’s actually not very hard, but I decided to create my own generator that will do all the work for you. What I have created is a very basic port of the route formation feature of ASP.NET routing. It will generate the formatted URLs based on your routing patterns. Here’s how you’d do this: Does that feel familiar? It looks a lot like something you’d do inside of your ASP.NET MVC views… but this is inside of a JavaScript file… just a plain ol’ .js file.  Your first question might be why do you have to have that “.toUrl()” thing. The reason is that I wanted to make POST and GET requests dead simple. Here’s how you’d do a POST request (and the same would work with a GET request):   The first parameter is extra data passed to the post request and the second parameter is a function that handles the success of the POST request. If you’re familiar with jQuery’s Ajax goodness, you’ll know how to use it. (if not, check out http://api.jquery.com/jQuery.Post/ and the parameters are essentially the same). But we still haven’t gotten rid of the magic strings. We still have controller names and action names represented as strings. This is going to blow your mind… If you’ve seen T4MVC, this will look familiar. We’re essentially doing the same sort of thing with my JavaScript router, but we’re porting the concept to JavaScript. The good news is that parameters to the controllers are directly reflected in the action function, just like T4MVC. And the even better news… IntlliSense is easily transferred to the JavaScript version if you’re using Visual Studio as your JavaScript editor. The additional data parameter gives you the ability to pass extra routing data to the URL formatter.   About the Magic You may be wondering how this all work. It’s actually quite simple. I’ve built a simple jQuery pluggin (called routeManager) that hangs off the main jQuery namespace and routes all the URLs. Every time your solution builds, a routing file will be generated with this pluggin, all your route and controller definitions along with your documentation. Then by the power of Visual Studio, you get some really slick IntelliSense that is hard to live without. But there are a few steps you have to take before this whole thing is going to work. First and foremost, you need a reference to the JsRouting.Core.dll to your projects containing controllers or routes. Second, you have to specify your routes in a bit of a non-standard way. See, we can’t just pull routes out of your App_Start in your Global.asax. We force you to build a route source like this: The way we determine the routes is by pulling in all RouteSources and generating routes based upon the mapped routes. There are various reasons why we can’t use RouteCollection (different post for another day)… but in this case, you get the same route mapping experience. Converting the RouteSource to a RouteCollection is trivial (there’s an extension method for that). Next thing you have to do is generate a documentation XML file. This is done by going to the project settings, going to the build tab and clicking the checkbox. (this isn’t required, but nice to have). The final thing you need to do is hook up the generation mechanism. Pop open your project file and look for the AfterBuild step. Now change the build step task to look like this: The “PathToOutputExe” is the path to the JsRouting.Output.exe file. This will change based on where you put the EXE. The “PathToOutputJs” is a path to the output JavaScript file. The “DicrectoryOfAssemblies” is a path to the directory containing controller and routing DLLs. The JsRouting.Output.exe executable pulls in all these assemblies and scans them for controllers and route sources.   Now that wasn’t too bad, was it :)   The State of the Project This is definitely not complete… I have a lot of plans for this little project of mine. For starters, I need to look at the generation mechanism. Either I will be creating a utility that will do the project file manipulation or I will go a different direction. I’d like some feedback on this if you feel partial either way. Another thing I don’t support currently is areas. While this wouldn’t be too hard to support, I just don’t use areas and I wanted something up quickly (this is, after all, for a current project of mine). I’ll be adding support shortly. There are a few things that I haven’t covered in this post that I will most certainly be covering in another post, such as routing constraints and how these will be translated to JavaScript. I decided to open source this whole thing, since it’s a nice little utility I think others should really be using. Currently we’re using ASP.NET MVC 2, but it should work with MVC 3 as well. I’ll upgrade it as soon as MVC 3 is released. Along those same lines, I’m investigating how this could be put on the NuGet feed. Show me the Bits! OK, OK! The code is posted on my GitHub account. Go nuts. Tell me what you think. Tell me what you want. Tell me that you hate it. All feedback is welcome! https://github.com/zowens/ASP.NET-MVC-JavaScript-Routing

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• Geometry instancing in OpenGL ES 2.0

  - by seahorse

  I am planning to do geometry instancing in OpenGL ES 2.0 Basically I plan to render the same geometry(a chair) maybe 1000 times in my scene. What is the best way to do this in OpenGL ES 2.0? I am considering passing model view mat4 as an attribute. Since attributes are per vertex data do I need to pass this same mat4, three times for each vertex of the same triangle(since modelview remains constant across vertices of the triangle). That would amount to a lot of extra data sent to the GPU( 2 extra vertices*16 floats*(Number of triangles) amount of extra data). Or should I be sending the mat4 only once per triangle?But how is that possible using attributes since attributes are defined as "per vertex" data? What is the best and efficient way to do instancing in OpenGL ES 2.0?

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• How to recreate spfile on Exadata?

  - by Bandari Huang

  Copy spfile from the ASM diskgroup to local disk by using the ASMCMD command line tool.  ASMCMD> pwd +DATA_DM01/EDWBASE ASMCMD> ls -l Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name Y CONTROLFILE/ Y DATAFILE/ Y ONLINELOG/ Y PARAMETERFILE/ Y TEMPFILE/ N spfileedwbase.ora => +DATA_DM01/EDWBASE/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.355.800017117 ASMCMD> cp +DATA_DM01/EDWBASE/spfileedwbase.ora /home/oracle/spfileedwbase.ora.bak Copy the context from spfileedwbase.ora.bak to initedwbase.ora except garbled character. Using above initedwbase.ora, start one of the RAC instances to the mount phase.   SQL> startup mount pfile=/home/oracle/initedwbase.ora Ensure one of the database instances is mounted before attempting to recreate the spfile.  SQL> select INSTANCE_NAME,HOST_NAME,STATUS from v$instance; INSTANCE_NAME HOST_NAME  STATUS ------------- ---------  ------ edwbase1      dm01db01   MOUNTED Create the new spfile. SQL> create spfile='+DATA_DM01/EDWBASE/spfileedwbase.ora' from pfile='/home/oracle/initedwbase.ora'; ASMCMD will show that a new spfile has been created as the alias spfilerac2.ora is now pointing to a new spfile under the PARAMETER directory in ASM. ASMCMD> pwd +DATA_DM01/EDWBASE ASMCMD> ls -l Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name Y CONTROLFILE/ Y DATAFILE/ Y ONLINELOG/ Y PARAMETERFILE/ Y TEMPFILE/ N spfilerac2.ora => +DATA_DM01/EDWBASE/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.356.800013581  Shutdown the instance and restart the database using srvctl using the newly created spfile. SQL> shutdown immediate ORA-01109: database not open Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> exit [oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ srvctl start database -d edwbase [oracle@dm01db01 ~]$ srvctl status database -d edwbase Instance edwbase1 is running on node dm01db01 Instance edwbase2 is running on node dm01db02 ASMCMD will now show a number of spfiles exist in the PARAMETERFILE directory for this database. The spfile containing the parameter preventing startups should be removed from ASM. In this case the file spfile.355.800017117 can be removed because spfile.356.800013581 is the current spfile. ASMCMD> pwd +DATA_DM01/EDWBASE ASMCMD> cd PARAMETERFILE ASMCMD> ls -l Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name PARAMETERFILE UNPROT COARSE FEB 19 08:00:00 Y spfile.355.800017117 PARAMETERFILE UNPROT COARSE FEB 19 08:00:00 Y spfile.356.800013581 ASMCMD> rm spfile.355.800017117 ASMCMD> ls spfile.356.800013581 Referenece: Recreating the Spfile for RAC Instances Where the Spfile is Stored in ASM [ID 554120.1]

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• Online Introduction to Relational Databases (and not only) with Stanford University!

  - by Luca Zavarella

  How many of you know exactly the definition of "relational database"? What exactly the adjective "relational" refers to? Many of you allow themselves to be deceived, thinking this adjective is related to foreign key constraints between tables. Instead this adjective lurks in a world based on set theory, relational algebra and the concept of relationship intended as a table.Well, for those who want to deep the fundamentals of relational model, relational algebra, XML, OLAP and emerging "NoSQL" systems, Stanford University School of Engineering offers a public and free online introductory course to databases. This is the related web page: http://www.db-class.com/ The course will last 2 months, after which there will be a final exam. Passing the final exam will entitle the participants to receive a statement of accomplishment. A syllabus and more information is available here. Happy eLearning to you!

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• Update/Insert With ADF Web Service Data Control

  - by shay.shmeltzer

  The Web service data control (WSDC) in ADF is a powerful feature that allows you to easily build a UI on top of WS interfaces exposed by other systems. However when you drag a WSDC to a page you usually get a set of output components where the data is shown. So how would you actually do an update operation on those values? The answer is that you need a call to another method in your WSDC that does the update - but what if you want to pass to it the actual values that you get from the get method you invoked before? Here is a demo showing how to do that: The two tricks that are shown here are: Changing the properties of items in the DC to be updateable - this gives you inputText fields instead of outputText fields. And passing the currentRow.dataProvider to the update method (and choosing the right iterator for this).

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• 10.04 drops to '(initramfs)' prompt on boot

  - by David Yenor

  I'm not sure what to do to solve the problem, I received this error upon boot. mount: mounting /dev/disk/by-uuid/f60e3ce2-0237-45bb-bf07-581d0090cbc7 on /root failed: Invalid argument mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /sys on /root/sys failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /proc on /root/proc failed: No such file or directory Target filesystem doesn't have /sbin/init. No init found. Try passing init= bootarg. BusyBox v1.13.3 (Ubuntu 1:1.13.3-1ubuntu11) built-in shell (ash) Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands. (initramfs) _

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• Lubuntu 12.04 PPC slow startup and shutdown

  - by Carlo Bertuccini

  I've installed Lubuntu 12.04 on a Powerbook G4 (PowerPC 1GHz, 1 gb ram, Geforce MX 440). Everything works perfectly except the startup and shutdown. To startup my system I have to wait about 3 minutes (and similar time to shutdown) Giving a look @ /var/log/dmesg I noticed the following [drm] nouveau 0000:00:10.0: Detected an NV10 generation card (0x017900a5) checking generic (b8004000 151800) vs hw (b8000000 80000000) fb: conflicting fb hw usage nouveaufb vs 0Ffb NVDA,Displ - removing generic driver The only issue concerns Nouveau ... inside my /var/log/kern.log says what follows BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 22s! I've booted passing the "nouveau.modeset=0" parameter and the system boot in 15 seconds but with 4 bit graphics -- Any idea how to fix? Thanks in advance for any help

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• Gradual approaches to dependency injection

  - by JW01

  I'm working on making my classes unit-testable, using dependency injection. But some of these classes have a lot of clients, and I'm not ready to refactor all of them to start passing in the dependencies yet. So I'm trying to do it gradually; keeping the default dependencies for now, but allowing them to be overridden for testing. One approach I'm conisdering is just moving all the "new" calls into their own methods, e.g.: public MyObject createMyObject(args) { return new MyObject(args); } Then in my unit tests, I can just subclass this class, and override the create functions, so they create fake objects instead. Is this a good approach? Are there any disadvantages? More generally, is it okay to have hard-coded dependencies, as long as you can replace them for testing? I know the preferred approach is to explicitly require them in the constructor, and I'd like to get there eventually. But I'm wondering if this is a good first step.

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• So what *did* Alan Kay really mean by the term "object-oriented"?

  - by Charlie Flowers

  Reportedly, Alan Kay is the inventor of the term "object oriented". And he is often quoted as having said that what we call OO today is not what he meant. For example, I just found this on Google: I made up the term 'object-oriented', and I can tell you I didn't have C++ in mind -- Alan Kay, OOPSLA '97 I vaguely remember hearing something pretty insightful about what he did mean. Something along the lines of "message passing". Do you know what he meant? Can you fill in more details of what he meant and how it differs from today's common OO? Please share some references if you have any. Thanks.

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• No root file system is defined error after installation

  - by LearnCode

  I installed ubuntu through Wubi and once i rebooted I get no root file system defined error. here's the output of the boot_info_script.Could anyone point me out where the error is. Boot Info Script 0.60 from 17 May 2011 ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda. => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb. sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD /Windows/System32/winload.exe /ntldr /ntdetect.com /wubildr /ubuntu/winboot/wubildr /wubildr.mbr /ubuntu/winboot/wubildr.mbr /ubuntu/disks/root.disk /ubuntu/disks/swap.disk sda1/Wubi: _____________________________________________________________________ File system: Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type '' sda2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /boot.ini /ntldr /NTDETECT.COM sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 240 heads, 63 sectors/track, 20673 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 301,250,879 301,250,817 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda2 301,250,943 312,575,759 11,324,817 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) GUID Partition Table detected, but does not seem to be used. Partition Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors System /dev/sda1 323,465,741,313,502,988275,962,973,585-323,465,465,350,529,402 - /dev/sda2 242,728,591,638,290,720578,721,383,108,845,578335,992,791,470,554,859 - /dev/sda3 1,827,498,311,425,204,2562,091,935,274,843,009,907264,436,963,417,805,652 - /dev/sda4 579,711,218,081,401,3572,006,665,459,744,645,1521,426,954,241,663,243,796 - /dev/sda11 270,286,346,402,038,1183,786,543,326,404,525,9543,516,256,980,002,487,837 - /dev/sda12 4,179,681,002,230,769,6684,179,389,374,010,033,387-291,628,220,736,280 - /dev/sda13 232,556,480,979,456,1311,160,152,593,793,119,235927,596,112,813,663,105 - /dev/sda14 98,342,784,050,266,9183,691,264,578,843,725,1953,592,921,794,793,458,278 - /dev/sda15 2,307,845,219,957,882,4961,850,841,032,955,276,350-457,004,187,002,606,145 - /dev/sda16 512,592,046,878,946,497368,458,231,024,779,444-144,133,815,854,167,052 - /dev/sda17 2,504,135,232,870,384,3923,665,087,872,719,320,8291,160,952,639,848,936,438 - /dev/sda18 3,783,181,605,270,691,304122,034,509,624,708,942-3,661,147,095,645,982,361 - /dev/sda19 3,519,661,520,275,829,5122,376,243,094,723,723,587-1,143,418,425,552,105,924 - /dev/sda20 3,867,920,076,859,0744,494,691,111,933,625,1044,490,823,191,856,766,031 - /dev/sda21 1,500,144,061,909,253,7612,511,182,033,846,676,3401,011,037,971,937,422,580 - /dev/sda22 13,035,625,499,900,0062,360,168,613,941,394,9472,347,132,988,441,494,942 - /dev/sda23 4,228,978,682,068,599,48813,159,423,631,648,263-4,215,819,258,436,951,224 - /dev/sda24 3,695,955,742,872,046,9084,561,928,726,501,845,776865,972,983,629,798,869 - /dev/sda25 1,297,460,286,683,948,0461,444,350,486,339,417,957146,890,199,655,469,912 - /dev/sda26 1,228,858,248,533,131,831 0-1,228,858,248,533,131,830 - /dev/sda121 3,189,184,846,146,487,1461,849,820,258,006,914,852-1,339,364,588,139,572,293 - /dev/sda122 1,226,215,547,991,800,578389,781,518,734,546,300-836,434,029,257,254,277 - /dev/sda123 3,851,660,168,574,583,4654,046,215,657,583,031,556194,555,489,008,448,092 - /dev/sda124 1,197,460,980,174,153,341699,103,965,005,093,246-498,357,015,169,060,094 - Drive: sdb _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sdb: 750.2 GB, 750153367552 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91200 cylinders, total 1465143296 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sdb1 2,048 1,465,143,295 1,465,141,248 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS "blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/loop0 iso9660 Ubuntu 11.04 amd64 /dev/loop1 squashfs /dev/sda1 E814B55B14B52E06 ntfs /dev/sda2 01CD-023B vfat HP_RECOVERY /dev/sdb1 7836F22A36F1E8D0 ntfs Elements ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/loop0 /cdrom iso9660 (ro,noatime) /dev/loop1 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime) /dev/sdb1 /mnt fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) ================================ sda2/boot.ini: ================================ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [boot loader] timeout=0 default=C:\CMDCONS\BOOTSECT.DAT [operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /fastdetect C:\CMDCONS\BOOTSECT.DAT="Microsoft Windows Recovery Console" /cmdcons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ======================== Unknown GPT Partiton Type c104043000e9b9040dff24b580010100 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 46313020746f20737461727420746865 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 65727920706172746974696f6e207761 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 727920706172746974696f6e0d0a0000 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 000f84e5f7668b162404e82804744066 Unknown GPT Partiton Type ce01e8dc038bfe66391624047505e8d9 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 0345086603f0e881030bd2740333d240 Unknown GPT Partiton Type bece01e8db0287fec645041266895508 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 01f60634010175078b363b01e854f5e8 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 313825740ffec03865107408fec03824 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 02f60634014074088bfdbece01e85101 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 263401f9e894f30f858ef4e8e201e8ec Unknown GPT Partiton Type f7e960f35245434f5645525966606633 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 660faf1e00106603dac3668b0e001066 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 8bfd386d04740583c710e2f6c36660c6 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 04ebf132c0b91000f3aac3bf0c04ebf3 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 02662bc1660fb71e0e02662bc366031e Unknown GPT Partiton Type f4b40ebb0700b901003c08751381ff25 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 534f465448494e4b90653f62011b0100 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 0b050900027777772e68702e636f6d00 Unknown GPT Partiton Type d441a0f5030003000ecb744a08bb3746 Unknown GPT Partiton Type f8579a116b4a7aa931cde97a4b9b5c09 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 7229990415b77c0a1970e7e824237a3a Unknown GPT Partiton Type afb6e34d6b4bd8c7c0eada19a9786cc3 Unknown BootLoader on sda1/Wubi 00000000 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 |0000000000000000| * 00000200 Unknown BootLoader on sda2 00000000 e9 a7 00 52 45 43 4f 56 45 52 59 00 02 08 20 00 |...RECOVERY... .| 00000010 02 00 00 00 00 f8 00 00 3f 00 f0 00 7f b9 f4 11 |........?.......| 00000020 8c cd ac 00 1e 2b 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |.....+..........| 00000030 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 00000040 80 00 29 3b 02 cd 01 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..);... | 00000050 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 8b d0 c1 e2 02 80 | FAT32 ......| 00000060 e6 01 66 c1 e8 07 66 3b 46 f8 74 2a 66 89 46 f8 |..f...f;F.t*f.F.| 00000070 66 03 46 f4 66 0f b6 5e 28 80 e3 0f 74 0f 3a 5e |f.F.f..^(...t.:^| 00000080 10 0f 83 90 00 66 0f af 5e 24 66 03 c3 bb e0 07 |.....f..^$f.....| 00000090 b9 01 00 e8 cf 00 8b da 66 8b 87 00 7e 66 25 ff |........f...~f%.| 000000a0 ff ff 0f 66 3d f8 ff ff 0f c3 33 c9 8e d9 8e c1 |...f=.....3.....| 000000b0 8e d1 66 bc f4 7b 00 00 bd 00 7c 66 0f b6 46 10 |..f..{....|f..F.| 000000c0 66 f7 66 24 66 0f b7 56 0e 66 03 56 1c 66 89 56 |f.f$f..V.f.V.f.V| 000000d0 f4 66 03 c2 66 89 46 fc 66 c7 46 f8 ff ff ff ff |.f..f.F.f.F.....| 000000e0 66 8b 46 2c 66 50 e8 af 00 bb 70 00 b9 01 00 e8 |f.F,fP....p.....| 000000f0 73 00 bf 00 07 b1 0b be a9 7d f3 a6 74 2a 03 f9 |s........}..t*..| 00000100 83 c7 15 81 ff 00 09 72 ec 66 40 4a 75 db 66 58 |[email protected]| 00000110 e8 47 ff 72 cf be b4 7d ac 84 c0 74 09 b4 0e bb |.G.r...}...t....| 00000120 07 00 cd 10 eb f2 cd 19 66 58 ff 75 09 ff 75 0f |........fX.u..u.| 00000130 66 58 bb 00 20 66 83 f8 02 72 da 66 3d f8 ff ff |fX.. f...r.f=...| 00000140 0f 73 d2 66 50 e8 50 00 0f b6 4e 0d e8 16 00 c1 |.s.fP.P...N.....| 00000150 e1 05 03 d9 66 58 53 e8 00 ff 5b 72 d8 8a 56 40 |....fXS...[r..V@| 00000160 ea 00 00 00 20 66 60 66 6a 00 66 50 53 6a 00 66 |.... f`fj.fPSj.f| 00000170 68 10 00 01 00 8b f4 b8 00 42 8a 56 40 cd 13 be |h........B.V@...| 00000180 c7 7d 72 94 67 83 44 24 06 20 66 67 ff 44 24 08 |.}r.g.D$. fg.D$.| 00000190 e2 e3 83 c4 10 66 61 c3 66 48 66 48 66 0f b6 56 |.....fa.fHfHf..V| 000001a0 0d 66 f7 e2 66 03 46 fc c3 4e 54 4c 44 52 20 20 |.f..f.F..NTLDR | 000001b0 20 20 20 20 0d 0a 4e 6f 20 53 79 73 74 65 6d 20 | ..No System | 000001c0 44 69 73 6b 20 6f 72 0d 0a 44 69 73 6b 20 49 2f |Disk or..Disk I/| 000001d0 4f 20 65 72 72 6f 72 0d 0a 50 72 65 73 73 20 61 |O error..Press a| 000001e0 20 6b 65 79 20 74 6f 20 72 65 73 74 61 72 74 0d | key to restart.| 000001f0 0a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00000200 =============================== StdErr Messages: =============================== umount: /isodevice: device is busy. (In some cases useful info about processes that use the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))

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• Ways to ensure unique instances of a class?

  - by Peanut

  I'm looking for different ways to ensure that each instance of a given class is a uniquely identifiable instance. For example, I have a Name class with the field name. Once I have a Name object with name initialised to John Smith I don't want to be able to instantiate a different Name object also with the name as John Smith, or if instantiation does take place I want a reference to the orginal object to be passed back rather than a new object. I'm aware that one way of doing this is to have a static factory that holds a Map of all the current Name objects and the factory checks that an object with John Smith as the name doesn't already exist before passing back a reference to a Name object. Another way I could think of off the top of my head is having a static Map in the Name class and when the constructor is called throwing an exception if the value passed in for name is already in use in another object, however I'm aware throwing exceptions in a constructor is generally a bad idea. Are there other ways of achieving this?

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• Is inline SQL still classed as bad practice now that we have Micro ORMs?

  - by Grofit

  This is a bit of an open ended question but I wanted some opinions, as I grew up in a world where inline SQL scripts were the norm, then we were all made very aware of SQL injection based issues, and how fragile the sql was when doing string manipulations all over the place. Then came the dawn of the ORM where you were explaining the query to the ORM and letting it generate its own SQL, which in a lot of cases was not optimal but was safe and easy. Another good thing about ORMs or database abstraction layers were that the SQL was generated with its database engine in mind, so I could use Hibernate/Nhibernate with MSSQL, MYSQL and my code never changed it was just a configuration detail. Now fast forward to current day, where Micro ORMs seem to be winning over more developers I was wondering why we have seemingly taken a U-Turn on the whole in-line sql subject. I must admit I do like the idea of no ORM config files and being able to write my query in a more optimal manner but it feels like I am opening myself back up to the old vulnerabilities such as SQL injection and I am also tying myself to one database engine so if I want my software to support multiple database engines I would need to do some more string hackery which seems to then start to make code unreadable and more fragile. (Just before someone mentions it I know you can use parameter based arguments with most micro orms which offers protection in most cases from sql injection) So what are peoples opinions on this sort of thing? I am using Dapper as my Micro ORM in this instance and NHibernate as my regular ORM in this scenario, however most in each field are quite similar. What I term as inline sql is SQL strings within source code. There used to be design debates over SQL strings in source code detracting from the fundamental intent of the logic, which is why statically typed linq style queries became so popular its still just 1 language, but with lets say C# and Sql in one page you have 2 languages intermingled in your raw source code now. Just to clarify, the SQL injection is just one of the known issues with using sql strings, I already mention you can stop this from happening with parameter based queries, however I highlight other issues with having SQL queries ingrained in your source code, such as the lack of DB Vendor abstraction as well as losing any level of compile time error capturing on string based queries, these are all issues which we managed to side step with the dawn of ORMs with their higher level querying functionality, such as HQL or LINQ etc (not all of the issues but most of them). So I am less focused on the individual highlighted issues and more the bigger picture of is it now becoming more acceptable to have SQL strings directly in your source code again, as most Micro ORMs use this mechanism. Here is a similar question which has a few different view points, although is more about the inline sql without the micro orm context: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5303746/is-inline-sql-hard-coding

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• Pass FORTRAN variable to Python [migrated]

  - by Matthew Bilskie

  I have a FORTRAN program that is called from a Python script (as an ArcGIS tool). I need to pass an array, Raster_Z(i,j), from FORTRAN to python. I have read about the Python subprocess module; however, I have not had much luck in understanding how to do this with FORTRAN. All examples I have found involve simple unix command line calls and not actual programs. Has anyone had any experience in passing a variable from FORTRAN to Python via a memory PIPE? Thank you for your time.

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• Game-oriented programming language features/objectives/paradigm?

  - by Klaim

  What are the features and language objectives (general problems to solves) or paradigms that a fictive programming language targetted at games (any kind of game) would require? For example, obviously we would have at least Performance (in speed and memory) (because a lot of games simply require that), but it have a price in the languages we currently use. Expressivity might be a common feature that is required for all languages. I guess some concepts from not-usually-used-for-games paradigms, like actor-based languages, or language-based message passing, might be useful too. So I ask you what would be ideal for games. (maybe one day someone will take those answers and build a language over it? :D ) Please set 1 feature/objective/paradigm per answer. Note: maybe that question don't make sense to you. In this case please explain why in an answer. It's a good thing to have answers to this question that might pop in your head sometimes.

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