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  • function's return address is different from its supposed value, buffer overflow,

    - by ultrajohn
    Good day everyone! I’m trying to understand how buffer overflow works. I’m doing this for my project in a computer security course I’m taking. Right now, I’m in the process of determining the address of the function’s return address which I’m supposed to change to perform a buffer overflow attack. I’ve written a simple program based from an example I’ve read in the internet. What this program does is it creates an integer pointer that will be made to point to the address of the function return address in the stack. To do this, (granted I understand how a function/program variables get organized in the stack), I add 8 to the buffer variable’ address and set it as the value of ret. I’m not doing anything here that would change the address contained in the location of func’s return address. here's the program: Output of the program when gets excecuted: As you can see, I’m printing the address of the variables buffer and ret. I’ve added an additional statement printing the value of the ret variable (supposed location of func return address, so this should print the address of the next instruction which will get executed after func returns from execution). Here is the dump which shows the supposed address of the instruction to be executed after func returns. (Underlined in green) As you can see, that value is way different from the value printed contained in the variable ret. My question is, why are they different? (of course in the assumption that what I’ve done are all right). Else, what have I done wrong? Is my understanding of the program’s runtime stack wrong? Please, help me understand this. My project is due nextweek and I’ve barely touched it yet. I’m sorry if I’m being demanding, I badly need your help.

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  • "call" instruction that seemingly jumps into itself

    - by Checkers
    I have gcc 4 compiling some C++ code into the following (from objdump): 00000030 <func()>: 30: 55 push %ebp 31: 89 e5 mov %esp,%ebp 33: 56 push %esi 34: 31 f6 xor %esi,%esi 36: 53 push %ebx 37: bb 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%ebx 3c: 83 ec 40 sub $0x40,%esp 3f: c7 04 24 01 00 00 00 movl $0x1,(%esp) 46: e8 fc ff ff ff call 47 <func()+0x17> 4b: 8d 55 ec lea 0xffffffec(%ebp),%edx 4e: 89 14 24 mov %edx,(%esp) 51: 89 5c 24 04 mov %ebx,0x4(%esp) 55: 89 74 24 08 mov %esi,0x8(%esp) 59: 89 44 24 0c mov %eax,0xc(%esp) ; the rest of the function is omitted I can't understand the operand of call instruction here, why does it call into itself, but with one byte off?

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  • invalid effective address calculation!

    - by Zia ur Rahman
    Hay Dear! Please look at the following program, the error is invalid effective address calculation and i have mentioned that line please tell me why its invalid effective address calculation here is the program [org 0x100] jmp start array1: dw 10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55 array2: dw 15,10,20,35,40,30,55,50,25,45 start: mov bx,0 mov dx,0 loop: mov ax,[array2+bx] cmp ax,[array1+cx]//here is the error invalid effective address calculation jne NextElementOfArray1 NextElementOfArray2: add bx,2 cmp bx,20 je end mov cx,0 jmp loop NextElementOfArray1: add cx,2 cmp cx,20 je NextElementOfArray2 jmp loop end: mov ax,0x4c00 int 0x21

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  • Debugging a release only flash problem

    - by Fire Lancer
    I've got an Adobe Flash 10 program that freezes in certain cases, however only when running under a release version of the flash player. With the debug version, the application works fine. What are the best approaches to debugging such issues? I considered installing the release player on my computer and trying to set some kind of non-graphical method of output up (I guess there's some way to write a log file or similar?), however I see no way to have both the release and debug versions installed anyway :( . EDIT: Ok I managed to replace my version of flash player with the release version, and no freeze...so what I know so far is: Flash: Debug Release Vista 32: works works XP PRO 32: works* freeze I gave them the debug players I had to test this Hmm, seeming less and less like an error in my code and more like a bug in the player (10.0.45.2 in all cases)... At the very least id like to see the callstack at the point it freezes. Is there some way to do that without requiring them to install various bits and pieces, e.g. by letting flash write out a log.txt or something with a "trace" like function I can insert in the code in question? EDIT2: I just gave the swf to another person with XP 32bit, same results :(

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  • 16 bit processor , memory addressing and memory cells

    - by Zia ur Rahman
    Suppose the accumulater register of the processor is of 16 bit , now we can call this processor as 16 bit processor, that is this processor supports 16 bit addressing. now my question is how we can calculate the number of memory cells that can be addressed by 16 bit addressing? according to my calculation 2 to the power 16 becomes 65055 it means the memory have 65055 cells now if we take 1KB=1000 Bytes then this becomes 65055/1000=65.055 now this means that 65 kilo bytes memory can be used with the processor having 16 bit addressing. now if we take 1KB=1024 Bytes then this becomes 65055/1024=63.5 ,it means that 63 kilo bytes memory can be used with this processor, but people say that 64 kilo bytes memory can be used. Now tell me am i right or wrong and why i am wrong why people say that 64kb memory can be used with the processor having 16 bit addressing?

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  • 'NSInvalidArgumentException' UIButton IBAction Error

    - by Graeme
    Hi, I have a button in a view which refuses to work. I've got in working in a blank, default view application from X-Code, but in none of my applications will it work, instead it gives me the following error. Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '* -[UIViewController showVicInfo:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x3c084f0' The debugger isn't any help either. I've made sure that I hook up the button to the file's owner (not the other way around) as well. Below is the code for the action. And I know it's not the alert view, because the breakpoint doesn't even reach there. about.h @interface about : UIViewController { } -(IBAction)showInfo:(id)sender; about.m -(IBAction)showVicInfo:(id)sender { UIAlertView *myAlert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"No Internet Connection" message:@"You require an internet connection via WiFi or cellular network for iFirelert to work." delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"OK, thanks" otherButtonTitles:nil]; [myAlert show]; [myAlert release]; }

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  • Hello World bootloader not working!

    - by Newbie
    Hello. I've been working through the tutorials on this webpage which progressively creates a bootloader that displays Hello World. The 2nd tutorial (where we attempt to get an "A" to be output) works perfectly, and yet the 1st tutorial doesn't work for me at all! (The BIOS completely ignores the floppy disk and boots straight into Windows). This is less of an issue, although any explanations would be appreciated. The real problem is that I can't get the 3rd tutorial to work. Instead on outputting "Hello World", I get an unusual character (and blinking cursor) in the bottom-left corner of the screen. It looks a bit like a smiley face inside a rounded rectangle. Does anyone know how to get Hello World to display as it should?

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  • Far jump in ntdll.dll's internal ZwCreateUserProcess

    - by user49164
    I'm trying to understand how the Windows API creates processes so I can create a program to determine where invalid exes fail. I have a program that calls kernel32.CreateProcessA. Following along in OllyDbg, this calls kernel32.CreateProcessInternalA, which calls kernel32.CreateProcessInternalW, which calls ntdll.ZwCreateUserProcess. This function goes: mov eax, 0xAA xor ecx, ecx lea edx, dword ptr [esp+4] call dword ptr fs:[0xC0] add esp, 4 retn 0x2C So I follow the call to fs:[0xC0], which contains a single instruction: jmp far 0x33:0x74BE271E But when I step this instruction, Olly just comes back to ntdll.ZwCreateUserProcess at the add esp, 4 right after the call (which is not at 0x74BE271E). I put a breakpoint at retn 0x2C, and I find that the new process was somehow created during the execution of add esp, 4. So I'm assuming there's some magic involved in the far jump. I tried to change the CS register to 0x33 and EIP to 0x74BE271E instead of actually executing the far jump, but that just gave me an access violation after a few instructions. What's going on here? I need to be able to delve deeper beyond the abstraction of this ZwCreateUserProcess to figure out how exactly Windows creates processes.

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  • View outlet not set with UINavigationController

    - by Sheehan Alam
    I have a NIB that contains a UINavigationController which has a UIViewController. The UIViewController is being loaded externally from another nib. I am unable to set the view property thus I get the error: *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInternalInconsistencyException', reason: '-[UIViewController _loadViewFromNibNamed:bundle:] loaded the "LBRootViewController" nib but the view outlet was not set.' How can I set my view property correctly?

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  • GCC emits extra code for boost::shared_ptr dereference

    - by Checkers
    I have the following code: #include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp> struct Foo { int a; }; static int A; void func_shared(const boost::shared_ptr<Foo> &foo) { A = foo->a; } void func_raw(Foo * const foo) { A = foo->a; } I thought the compiler would create identical code, but for shared_ptr version an extra seemingly redundant instruction is emitted. Disassembly of section .text: 00000000 <func_raw(Foo*)>: 0: 55 push ebp 1: 89 e5 mov ebp,esp 3: 8b 45 08 mov eax,DWORD PTR [ebp+8] 6: 5d pop ebp 7: 8b 00 mov eax,DWORD PTR [eax] 9: a3 00 00 00 00 mov ds:0x0,eax e: c3 ret f: 90 nop 00000010 <func_shared(boost::shared_ptr<Foo> const&)>: 10: 55 push ebp 11: 89 e5 mov ebp,esp 13: 8b 45 08 mov eax,DWORD PTR [ebp+8] 16: 5d pop ebp 17: 8b 00 mov eax,DWORD PTR [eax] 19: 8b 00 mov eax,DWORD PTR [eax] 1b: a3 00 00 00 00 mov ds:0x0,eax 20: c3 ret I'm just curious, is this necessary, or it is just an optimizer's shortcoming? Compiling with g++ 4.1.2, -O3 -NDEBUG.

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  • Writing to EEPROM on PIC

    - by JB
    Are there any PIC microcontroller programmers here? I'm learning some PIC microcontroller programming using a pickit2 and the 16F690 chip that came with it. I'm working through trying out the various facilities at the moment. I can sucessfully read a byte from the EEPROM in code if I set the EEPROM vaklue in MPLAB but I don't seem to be able to modify the value using the PIC itsself. Simply nothing happens and I don't read back the modified value, I always get the original which implies to me that the write isn't working? This is my code for that section, am I missing something? I know I'm doing a lot of unnecessary bank switches, I added most of them to ensure that being on the wrong bank wasn't the issue. ; ------------------------------------------------------ ; Now SET the EEPROM location ZERO to 0x08 ; ------------------------------------------------------ BANKSEL EEADR CLRF EEADR ; Set EE Address to zero BANKSEL EEDAT MOVLW 0x08 ; Store the value 0x08 in the EEPROM MOVWF EEDAT BANKSEL EECON1 BSF EECON1, WREN ; Enable writes to the EEPROM BANKSEL EECON2 MOVLW 0x55 ; Do the thing we have to do so MOVWF EECON2 ; that writes can work MOVLW 0xAA MOVWF EECON2 BANKSEL EECON1 BSF EECON1, WR ; And finally perform the write WAIT BTFSC EECON1, WR ; Wait for write to finish GOTO WAIT BANKSEL PORTC ; Just to make sure we are on the right bank

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  • Can NSCollectionView autoresize the width of its subviews to display one column

    - by littlecharva
    Hi, I have an NSCollectionView that contains a collection of CustomViews. Initially it tiled the subviews into columns and rows like a grid. I then set the Columns property in IB to 1, so now it just displays them one after another in rows. However, even though my CustomView is 400px wide, it's set to autoresize, the NSCollectionView is 400px wide, and it's set to 1 column, the subviews are drawn about 80px wide. I know I can get around this by calling: CGFloat width = [collectionView bounds].size.width; NSSize size = NSMakeSize(width, 85); [collectionView setMinItemSize:size]; [collectionView setMaxItemSize:size]; But putting this code in the awakeFromNib method of my WindowController only sets the correct width when the program launches. When I resize the window (and the NSCollectionView autoresizes as I've specified), the CustomViews stay at their initially set width. I'm happy to take care of resizing the subviews myself if need be, but I'm quite new to Cocoa and can't seem to find any articles explaining how to do such a thing. Can someone point me in the right direction? Anthony

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  • What's the output object file format of GNU assembler as?

    - by smwikipedia
    I have checked the assembler options of GNU assembler as and I didn't find an option to specify the output object file format. If I am using the following command as -o foobar.o foobar.s What object file format will I get? The as manual says that "The GNU as can be configured to produce several alternative object file formats." But how? How can I change it to a ELF format? Many thanks.

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  • How do I hide an inherited __published property in the derived class in a VCL component?

    - by Gary Benade
    I have created a new VCL component based on an existing VCL component. What I want to do now is set the Password and Username properties from an ini file instead of the property inspector. Robert Dunn Link I read on the delphi forum above you cannot unpublish a property and that the only workaround is to redeclare the property as read-only. I tried this but it all it does is make the property read only and grayed out in the object inspector. While this could work I would prefer if the property wasn't visible at all. __property System::UnicodeString Password = {read=FPassword}; Thanks in advance for any help or links to c++ VCL component writing tutorials. I am using CB2010

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  • Overriding classes/functions from a .dll.

    - by Jeff
    Say I have class A and class B. B inherits from class A, and implements a few virtual functions. The only problem is that B is defined in a .dll. Right now, I have a function that returns an instance of class A, but it retrieves that from a static function in the .dll that returns an instance of class B. My plan is to call the created object, and hopefully, have the functions in the .dll executed instead of the functions defined in class A. For some reason, I keep getting restricted memory access errors. Is there something I don't understand that will keep this plan from working?

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  • Working with ieee format numbers in ARM

    - by Jake Sellers
    I'm trying to write an ARM program that will convert an ieee number to a TNS format number. TNS is a format used by some super computers, and is similar to ieee but different. I'm trying to use several masks to place the three different "part" of the ieee number in separate registers so I can move them around accordingly. Here is my unpack subroutine: UnpackIEEE LDR r1, SMASK ;load the sign bit mask into r1 LDR r2, EMASK ;load the exponent mask into r2 LDR r3, GMASK ;load the significand mask into r3 AND r4, r0, r1 ;apply sign mask to IEEE and save into r4 AND r5, r0, r2 ;apply exponent mask to IEEE and save into r5 AND r6, r0, r3 ;apply significand mask to IEEE and save into r6 MOV pc, r14 ;return And here are the masks and number declarations so you can understand: IEEE DCD 0x40300000 ;2.75 decimal or 01000000001100000000000000000000 binary SMASK DCD 0x80000000 ;Sign bit mask EMASK DCD 0x7F800000 ;Exponent mask GMASK DCD 0x007FFFFF ;Significand mask When I step through with the debugger, the results I get are not what I expect after working through it on paper. EDIT: What I mean, is that after the subroutine runs, registers 4, 5, and 6 all remain 0. I can't figure out why the masks are not working. I think I do not fully understand how the number is being stored in the register or using the masks wrong. Any help appreciated. If you need more info just ask. EDIT: entry point: Very simple, just trying to get these subroutines working. ENTRY LDR r1, IEEE ;load IEEE num into r1 BL UnpackIEEE ;call unpack sub SWI SWI_Exit ;finish

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