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• Using sudo /etc/init.d/httpd start complains for log file rights

  - by SCO

  I created a custom log directory with the root account, and chmoded it to 777 teporarily. ls -la /var/mylogs/log/ total 16 drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 4096 Jun 24 06:27 . drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Jun 24 06:25 .. When I try to start the service from a user (lets say "myuser", which is in the sudoers files as myuser ALL=(ALL) ALL), it fails because of the permissions : sudo /etc/init.d/httpd start Starting httpd: (13)Permission denied: httpd: could not open error log file /var/mylogs/log/httpd_error.log. Unable to open logs However, the following is successfull : sudo bash /etc/init.d/http start So I guess these two methods are not equivalent, although to me doing sudo was the same than logging into the root account and issuing the commands. Any clue ? Thank you !

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• Booting ubuntu from usb hdd: GRUB menu not shown

  - by emanemos

  Hello, could anyone help me to boot ubuntu-9.04 from usb hard disk? This disk contains /boot primary partition. During ubuntu installation I used "Advanced" button and asked to install GRUB to the /boot partition. Later I checked whether GRUB files are really present in this partition. They are. However, I get stuck while trying to boot. The boot menu ("ubuntu generic version", "ubuntu recovery mode", etc...) is not shown. Instead I am thrown to GRUB minimal bash-like version. I feel at a loss and have no idea why I am pointed to this minimal version. Can anybody prompt me what to do?

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• How do I allow users to execute commands via ssh without allocating a pseudo-terminal

  - by Dani El

  I need to allow users to run a limited set of commands. But not to allow them to create interactive sessions. Just like GitHub does. If you try to ssh without a command it greetings you and close the session. I can acquire this by using ForceCommand some-script But getting in some-script i then need to eval user's input. Perhaps any other NoTTY-like option in sshd_config? --- UPDATE --- i'm looking for a pure SSH / Bash solution, not Perl/Python/etc. hacks.

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• Modify PATH variable for X11 during log-in

  - by user1028435

  I am working on some lab computers (read: no administrative rights) that, if I log in, I need to change the PATH variable as X11 starts. The reason is that I need to change the PATH variable at this time, as opposed to later, is that the Print Screen command seems to "bind" during login (forgive my bad explanation of this). Currently, I have a .bashrc script as a workaround: #!/bin/bash export PATH=/home/username/bin:$PATH I can make it work by starting a new X, but I was wondering if it is possible to change upon login. cat /etc/redhat-release tells me my distribution is: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Client release 5.8 (Tikanga)

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• Comparison of Unix shells

  - by Andy White

  Of the major Unix shells (bash, ksh, tcsh, zsh, others?), are there any compelling reasons to use one over another? Which is the most interactive/command-line friendly? Which is the most conducive/intuitive for writing scripts? Are there any major built-in features that one shell offers that others don't? Are any of these shells really good for one type of function, but not another? Or are they all pretty well-rounded/flexible? Is it just a matter of personal preference? I can make this community wiki if anyone prefers.

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• rsync windows to linux permission denied

  - by user64908

  Using Command rsync -avzP --delete --omit-dir-times ../../ [email protected]:/var/www/mysite/ I'm getting rsync: mkstemp "/var/www/mysite/.." failed: Permission denied (13) If ext is in the www-data group should I still set all the files to be owned by user www-data? I am trying to publish the files with rsync and then set the permissions using sudo chown -R www-data doc sudo chgrp -R www-data doc but I can't even rsync because of the permission denied. The SSH works fine, the rsync too except when it tries to write over or update some of the files in /var/www Client * Windows 7 * Cygwin 1.7.16 (GNU bash, version 4.1.10(4)-release (i686-pc-cygwin)) * rsync version 3.0.9 protocol version 30 Server * Ubuntu 12.04 * Apache2 * Root Accounts [ubuntu,ext] * Groups [www-data] * sudo vigr has www-data:x:33:ubuntu,ext I have already configure this http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2124169/cwrsync-ignores-nontsec-on-windows-7 This article has also managed to confuse me http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/41687/how-should-i-rsync-files-in-var-www-if-i-want-them-to-be-owned-by-www-data What is the right procedure?

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• Batch converting video from avc1 to xvid

  - by Tommy Brunn

  I need a way to batch convert 720p video files from avc1 to xvid in Ubuntu 10.04. I'm not terribly concerned about file size, but I do wish to retain the picture quality as much as possible. I believe the audio is encoded as aac, which is fine for my purposes. What would be the best and easiest way to do this? I've tried using Handbrake. During my first attempt, I had it using ffmpeg to convert to MPEG-4, but that just gave me a super-low quality video at twice the file size. Trying h.264 now, so we'll see how that works out. But just in case it doesn't pan out so well, what other ways do you recommend? I was thinking I'd write a bash script to reencode the files one by one, but the problem is that I have very little knowledge about codecs and containers and whatnot - so I wouldn't know what parameters I would pass ffmpeg/mencoder.

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• Log with iptalbes which user is delivering email to port 25

  - by Maus

  Because we got blacklisted on CBL I set up the following firewall rules with iptables: #!/bin/bash iptables -A OUTPUT -d 127.0.0.1 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -m owner --gid-owner mail -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -m owner --uid-owner root -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -m owner --uid-owner Debian-exim -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m limit --limit 15/minute -m tcp --dport 25 -j LOG --log-prefix "LOCAL_DROPPED_SPAM" iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable I'm not able to connect to port 25 from localhost with another user than root or a mail group member - So it seems to work. Still some questions remain: How effective do you rate this rule-set to prevent spam coming from bad PHP-Scripts hosted on the server? Is there a way to block port 25 and 587 within the same statement? Is the usage of /usr/sbin/sendmail also limited or blocked by this rule-set? Is there a way to log the username of all other attempts which try to deliver stuff to port 25?

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• Firewall still blocking port 53 despite listing otherwise?

  - by Tom

  I have 3 nodes with virtually the same iptables rules loaded from a bash script, but one particular node is blocking traffic on port 53 despite listing it's accepting it: $ iptables --list -v Chain INPUT (policy DROP 8886 packets, 657K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo any anywhere anywhere 2 122 ACCEPT icmp -- any any anywhere anywhere icmp echo-request 20738 5600K ACCEPT all -- any any anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth1 any anywhere node1.com multiport dports http,smtp 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth1 any anywhere ns.node1.com udp dpt:domain 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth1 any anywhere ns.node1.com tcp dpt:domain 0 0 ACCEPT all -- eth0 any node2.backend anywhere 21 1260 ACCEPT all -- eth0 any node3.backend anywhere 0 0 ACCEPT all -- eth0 any node4.backend anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 15804 packets, 26M bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination nmap -sV -p 53 ns.node1.com // From remote server Starting Nmap 4.11 ( http://www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) at 2011-02-24 11:44 EST Interesting ports on ns.node1.com (1.2.3.4): PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 53/tcp filtered domain Nmap finished: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.336 seconds Any ideas? Thanks

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• Easy way to reload multiple applications under a single IIS Website after AppPool Recycle?

  - by MadBurn

  I'm not sure where to begin or even if my thinking is in the right direction. Hopefully someone here can tell me what to do or at least give me a direction to start travelling. I work on a Intranet Website, that contains multiple MVC3 and Coldfusion Applications. I have set the AppPool to Recycle every morning at 2:00 AM. Now, I would like to create a Scheduled Task to reload every application contained under that IIS Website so that when the first user comes in in the morning, they don't have to wait 30 seconds to 2minutes for their application to be reloaded into the IIS AppPool. Is there an easy to to do this? As I see it my only options are: Writing a bash script, inserting each website manually to load Writing a program that would try to find every application and load them Now, if there those are my only options, is there possibly a .NET Library I can tap into that would allow me to easily find the MVC3 Applications under IIS?

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• git-receive-pack : command not found.

  - by Philippe Mongeau

  I made a git repo on a local machine with "git init --bare" and added it as the remote origin on the project on my main computer with ssh: git add remote origin [email protected]:repoName.git I was able to make a commit and push from my main computer to the other computer the day I created the repo, but today i tried and it didn't work. When I did "git push origin" it returned this error: bash: line 1: git-receive-pack: command not found fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly The two machines are mac the main one running Leopard and the server one running Tiger. I think it may be realted to the $PATH of git on the server but I'm not sure. i used theses instrution to create my git server: http://blog.commonthread.com/2008/4/14/setting-up-a-git-server

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• I screwed up, exit in .bashrc

  - by camel_space

  I put "exit" in my .bashrc file. I don't have physical access to the machine so to connect to it I use ssh. I don't have root privileges. Every time I connect to the server, the connection automatically closes. So far, I've tried: Overwriting .bashrc with scp and sftp. The connection closes before I can do anything. Using a few different GUI programs to access ssh (connection closes) Overwriting the file with ftp. (can't use ftp) From my home computer $ ssh host "bash --noprofile --norc" (connection closes) $ ssh host "mv .bashrc bashrc_temp" (connection closes) $ ssh host "rm .bashrc" (same thing) $ ssh host -t (connection closes) Is there anything I can do to disable .bashrc or maybe overwrite the file before .bashrc is sourced?

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• Is there a chroot build script somewhere?

  - by Nils

  I am about to develop a little script to gather information for a chroot-jail. In my case this looks (at the first glance) pretty simple: The application has a clean rpm-install and did install almost all files into a sub-directory of /opt. My idea is: Do a find of all binaries Check their library-dependencies Record the results into a list Do a rsync of that list into the chroot-target-directory before startup of the application Now I wonder - ist there any script around that already does such a job (perl/bash/python)? So far I found only specialized solutions for single applications (like sftp-chroot). Update I see three close-votes for the reason "off topic". This is a question that arose because I have to install that ancient piece of software on a server at work. So if you still feel this is off-topic - leave a comment...

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• DIsable my nv video card driver in linux

  - by Dahaka Wang

  I'm trying to passthrough my nv video card to my domU, but I could not bind my video card to the pciback driver I only have one video card with the pci number 0000:03:00.0, so I used the following command echo -n "0000:03:00.0" > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/nouveau/bind to unbind the nouveau driver from my video card. The screen went black because I have forcefully removed the video driver, therefore I ssh'd into the computer to run further commands I ran: echo -n "0000:03:00.0" > /sys/bus/pci/drivers/pciback/bind to try to bind it to my pciback driver, but I got: bash: echo: write error: No such device I found out that this was the message shown when trying to bind a PCI device which is already bound. Therefore, I think that something was still using my video card Can anyone help me out? Thanks a lot!

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• PATH env variable on Mac OS X and/or Eclipse

  - by Jason S

  When I print out the path in bash, it prints this: /usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin When I run System.out.println(System.getenv("PATH")); in Java running under Eclipse, it prints /usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin How can I figure out why there is this discrepancy? I need to add /usr/local/bin to the PATH and make it available to Java apps under Eclipse. (note: I have made no modifications system paths, so these are the defaults set by the OS or perhaps by one or more of the applications i've installed.)

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• Launching multiple applications with a single command/script/shortcut

  - by Bill

  I realized a few days ago that every time I sit down at work, I do a few things after unlocking my computer. First, I open up Firefox, then I open up Chrome, then I log in to Digsby. I realized I could probably save repeating this daily by writing a small batch script to open up Firefox and Chrome , but I couldn't figure out how to make it work.. and since the whole effort is to save time I don't want to bash my head around in the windows command prompt to do it. I also tired this in powershell but ran in to a bunch of security nonsense. Is there a way to do this that I am missing? Bonus points if somebody has figured out how to manipulate Digsby via COM , scripting, or python =)

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• How can I remap control+e to escape+control+e in iTerm2?

  - by cwd

  I have set up a few custom keyboard shortcuts in iTerm2 to easily move the cursor around with the arrow keys, but now I'd like to remap control+e to be escape, control+e because bash 4.2 no longer auto-expands variables using the tab key. I know I've done the first part correctly in choosing the keyboard shortcut to remap, but I don't understand how to look up the correct escape sequence (or hex codes) to send in the bottom section: I reference they keyboard codes but that wasn't much help. How can I remap this, and how can I look up the codes in the future? (No luck with Google) Update @db - thanks. To save others trouble I also found a cool util Key Codes.app which can be used to find key codes:

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• Automating the installation using SSH

  - by RAY

  I am running a bash script from a remote host to run a binary file which installs 64 bit JDK 6 update 29 on multiple VMs across the Environment. It is installing the file but, at the last line i have to hit a enter to complete the installation. I want to fully automate the script where i do not have to hit the enter at the last line. This is what i am using ssh ${V_TIERS}@${V_TIERS} 'cd JDK; sh jdk-6u29-solaris-sparcv9.sh' It updates as desired, but during install i have to hit enter to continue and complete the installation. Can anybody please help to fully automate the update process.

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• How to setup IP alias on bridged interface in Ubuntu

  - by Anonymouslemming

  How do I setup an IP alias on a bridge (br0) device on Ubuntu ? If I wait for br0 to come up and then do /sbin/ifconfig br0:0 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 then it works fine. If however I add the following to my /etc/network/interfaces file, it does not work and the network fails to start: auto br0:0 iface br0:0 inet static address 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 At the moment, I have a script in /etc/network/if-up.d/bridge_alias that does this as follows: #!/bin/bash if [ "${LOGICAL}" == "br0" ] && [ "${PHASE}" = "post-up" ]; then echo -n "Starting br0:0 ... " /sbin/ifconfig br0:0 192.168.10.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 echo "Done!" fi What is the right way of doing this though, just using the OS network config files ?

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• Desktop directory disappears in gnome-terminal, then appears again, but all files in it are deleted

  - by Ingen

  I am able to see my Desktop and with all its various links and files. But in the terminal when I try to access the Desktop directory: cd ~/Desktop I get: bash: cd: /home/administrator/Desktop: No such file or directory Then I find I am unable to access any of the files on the Desktop when I click on them although the file icons are there. Then the icons disappear after my clicking on them. Then I am able to access the Desktop directory in the terminal but the directory is empty i.e. all the files/folders have been deleted. What's going on? How can I fix this?

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• Cron job failing to backing up a Postgres database

  - by user705142

  I'm unsure what's going on here: I've got a backup script which runs fine under root. It produces a 300kb database dump in the proper directory. When running it as a cron job with exactly the same command however, an empty gzip file appears with nothing in it. The cron log shows no error, just that the command has been run. This is the script: #! /bin/bash DIR="/opt/backup" YMD=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d") su -c "pg_dump -U postgres mydatabasename | gzip -6 > "$DIR/database_backup.$YMD.gz" " postgres # delete backup files older than 60 days OLD=$(find $DIR -type d -mtime +60) if [ -n "$OLD" ] ; then echo deleting old backup files: $OLD echo $OLD | xargs rm -rfv fi And the cron job: 01 10 * * * root sh /opt/daily_backup_script.sh It produces a database_backup file, just an empty one. Anyone know what's going on here?

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• When I auto-start Supervisord on boot, the [program:start_gunicorn] don't start

  - by Charlesliam

  The [program:start_gunicorn] is running with no error when I manually start supervisord with this setup. [program:start_gunicorn] command=/env/nafd/bin/gunicorn_start priority=1 autostart=true autorestart=unexpected user=nafd_it redirect_stderr=true stdout_logfile=/env/nafd/logs/gunicorn_supervisor.log stderr_logfile=/env/nafd/logs/gunicorn_supervisor_err.log I successfully run this init script for my supervisord. But when I used auto-start init script for supervisord the gunicorn is not running. ]# service gunicorn status gunicorn: unrecognized service What do I need to do to make the [program:start_gunicorn] run when using auto-start supervisord on boot? Here's my gunicorn config. /env/nafd/bin/gunicorn_start #!/bin/bash NAME="nafd_proj" DJANGODIR=/env/nafd/nafd_proj SOCKFILE=/env/nafd/run/gunicorn.sock NUM_WORKERS=1 DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=nafd_proj.settings DJANGO_WSGI_MODULE=nafd_proj.wsgi echo "Starting $NAME as 'NAFD Web Server'" source /env/nafd/bin/activate export DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=$DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE export PYTHONPATH=$DJANGODIR:$PYTHONPATH RUNDIR=$(dirname $SOCKFILE) test -d $RUNDIR || mkdir -p $RUNDIR cd /env/nafd/nafd_proj exec ../bin/gunicorn ${DJANGO_WSGI_MODULE}:application --bind=127.0.0.1:8001 \ --name $NAME \ --workers $NUM_WORKERS \ --log-level=debug \` Any idea is really appreciated.

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• Permission denied when trying to execute a binary burned to a CD-R

  - by user16654

  On an Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala) machine, I burned a CD from the command prompt using: cdrecord -v speed=16 dev=0,1,0 /FPS.iso The CD now contains an executable and some files. I tested the CD by loading it onto another machine (Red Hat 5.3) and when I try to run the program I get the following message: bash: ./FPS1_1: Permission denied I can open other files like text documents (the executable also comes with shared libraries). I realized I had burned the CD as root so I burned another one as another user but I still have the same problem. How can I remove this permission or what is the problem? P.S. the image was in / if that helps

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• How to harden windows 2003 service account

  - by ITMan

  I remember there was a tech-net or WindowsITpro article about how to harden windows 2003 service accounts a couple of years ago. For backup software purposes (such as BackupExec / AppAsure / Etc.. , please don't bash these) I have to create a domain admin account (usually called something such as "backup") and have the services run from that account. In this article I remember you can create the domain admin user "Backup" however have it not able to login interactively. Do any of you remember such an article or have the knowledge on how to do it?

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• Open Terminal Here, as Root (OS X)

  - by cwd

  There is a pretty awesome applescript called "Open Terminal Here" ( http://www.entropy.ch/software/applescript/ ) which you can add to your finder's toolbar and click when you want to launch a terminal console which is set to that directory. Sometimes I need to be root, and so I end up starting terminal, doing something like sudo -i and then I have to change back to the previous directory because the sudo command is landing me in /var/root. I'm using sudo -i because I like it to load things like aliases / the bash profile. The script is applescript, and here's the important part of how it works: ... set cmd to "cd " & quoted form of the_path & " && echo $'\\ec'" ... tell application "Terminal" activate do script with command cmd How do I get this to load as root?

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