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• How do I modify this download function in Python?

  - by TIMEX

  Right now, it's iffy. Gzip, images, sometimes it doesn't work. How do I modify this download function so that it can work with anything? (Regardless of gzip or any header?) How do I automatically "Detect" if it's gzip? I don't want to always pass True/False, like I do right now. def download(source_url, g = False, correct_url = True): try: socket.setdefaulttimeout(10) agents = ['Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT 5.0)','Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.1)','Microsoft Internet Explorer/4.0b1 (Windows 95)','Opera/8.00 (Windows NT 5.1; U; en)'] ree = urllib2.Request(source_url) ree.add_header('User-Agent',random.choice(agents)) ree.add_header('Accept-encoding', 'gzip') opener = urllib2.build_opener() h = opener.open(ree).read() if g: compressedstream = StringIO(h) gzipper = gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=compressedstream) data = gzipper.read() return data else: return h except Exception, e: return ""

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• How to set a __str__ method for all ctype Structure classes?

  - by Reuben Thomas

  [Since asking this question, I've found: http://www.cs.unc.edu/~gb/blog/2007/02/11/ctypes-tricks/ which gives a good answer.] I just wrote a __str__ method for a ctype-generated Structure class 'foo' thus: def foo_to_str(self): s = [] for i in foo._fields_: s.append('{}: {}'.format(i[0], foo.\_\_getattribute__(self, i[0]))) return '\n'.join(s) foo.\_\_str__ = foo_to_str But this is a fairly natural way to produce a __str__ method for any Structure class. How can I add this method directly to the Structure class, so that all Structure classes generated by ctypes get it? (I am using the h2xml and xml2py scripts to auto-generate ctypes code, and this offers no obvious way to change the names of the classes output, so simply subclassing Structure, Union &c. and adding my __str__ method there would involve post-processing the output of xml2py.)

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• Quering distinct values throught related model

  - by matheus.emm

  Hi! I have a simple one-to-many (models.ForeignKey) relationship between two of my model classes: class TeacherAssignment(models.Model): # ... some fields year = models.CharField(max_length=4) class LessonPlan(models.Model): teacher_assignment = models.ForeignKey(TeacherAssignment) # ... other fields I'd like to query my database to get the set of distinct years of TeacherAssignments related to at least one LessonPlan. I'm able to get this set using Django query API if I ignore the relation to LessonPlan: class TeacherAssignment(models.Model): # ... model's fields def get_years(self): year_values = self.objects.all().values_list('year').distinct().order_by('-year') return [yv[0] for yv in year_values if len(yv[0]) == 4] Unfortunately I don't know how to express the condition that the TeacherAssignment must be related to at least one LessonPlan. Any ideas how I'd be able to write the query? Thanks in advance.

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• How to upload a directory via Grails or Java ?

  - by fabien-barbier

  What is the best way to upload a directory in grails ? I try this code : def upload = { if(request.method == 'POST') { Iterator itr = request.getFileNames(); while(itr.hasNext()) { MultipartFile file = request.getFile(itr.next()); File destination = new File(file.getOriginalFilename()) if (!file.isEmpty()) { file.transferTo(destination) // success } else { // failure } } response.sendError(200,'Done'); } } Unfortunately, I can only upload file by file. I would like to define my directory, and upload all files directly. Any ideas ?

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• Rails, search item in different model?

  - by Danny McClelland

  Hi Everyone, I have a kase model which I am using a simple search form in. The problem I am having is some kases are linked to companies through a company model, and people through a people model. At the moment my search (in Kase model) looks like this: # SEARCH FACILITY def self.search(search) search_condition = "%" + search + "%" find(:all, :conditions => ['jobno LIKE ? OR casesubject LIKE ? OR transport LIKE ? OR goods LIKE ? OR comments LIKE ? OR invoicenumber LIKE ? OR netamount LIKE ? OR clientref LIKE ? OR kase_status LIKE ? OR lyingatlocationaddresscity LIKE ?', search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition, search_condition]) end What I am trying to work out, is what condition can I add to allow a search by Company or Person to show the cases they are linked to. @kase.company.companyname and company.companyname don't work :( Is this possible? Thanks, Danny

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• Rails way for querying join table in has_and_belongs_to_many

  - by Michelle

  I have a user model and a role model with a has_and_belongs_to_many reliationship. The join table is roles_users (two columns - the PK of the user and the role) and has no corresponding model. I want to have a method that returns all users with a given role. In SQL that'd be something like SELECT u.id FROM role.r, roles_users ru WHERE r.role_id = #{role.id} AND r.role_id = ru.role_id I see that Rails' activerecord has a find_by_sql method, but it's only expecting one results to be returned. What is the "Rails Way" to give me a list of users with a given role e.g. def self.find_users_with_role(role) users = [] users << # Some ActiveRecord magic or custom code here..? end

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• Help with Ruby Date Compare

  - by Kevin

  Yes, I've read and done teh Google many times but I still can't get this working... maybe I'm an idiot :) I have a system using tickets. Start date is "created_at" in the timestamps. Each ticket closes 7 days after "created_at". In the model, I'm using: def closes (self.created_at + 7.days) end I'm trying to create another method that will take "closes" and return it as how many days, hours, minutes, and seconds are left before the ticket closes. Anyone want to help and/or admonish my skills? ;)

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• Prevent Carousel scroll within scrollable Container (Sencha 2)?

  - by TragedyStruck

  I've got a Container with a header, content (Carousel) and a footer. The Container itself is therefor scrollable (vertical) to be able to scroll down to the footer. The Carousel can be swiped horizontally to change active item. I want to lock it to do only two thing: If starting to move vertically, only scroll Container If starting to move horizontally, only scroll Carousel If you now grab the Carousel you are able to scroll both ways at the same time. Example code: Ext.define('MyApp.view.MyContainer', { extend: 'Ext.Container', config: { scrollable: true, items: [ { xtype: 'container', items: [ { xtype: 'label', html: 'abc' } ] }, { xtype: 'carousel', height: 200, scrollable: false, items: [ { xtype: 'label', html: 'x' }, { xtype: 'label', html: 'y<br/>y<br/>y<br/>y<br/>y<br/>y<br/>y<br/>y' } ] }, { xtype: 'container', items: [ { xtype: 'label', html: 'def' } ] } ] } }); Using Sencha Touch 2.

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• does a ruby on rails rack class get access to the entire rails environment?

  - by Andrew Arrow

  that is when the def call(env) method is invoked by hitting any url, can I inside that method make some ActiveRecord queries, use classes defined in lib, etc. etc. Or is it more like an irb console without the rails env loaded? Another way to put it with a rake task example: task :foo => :environment do # with env end task :foo2 do # without env end I would think rack classes would NOT get the environment so they are super fast and don't take all the overhead of a normal rails request. But that doesn't seem to be the case. I CAN make ActiveRecord queries inside my rack class. So what is the advantage of rack then?

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• more ruby way of gsub from array

  - by aharon

  My goal is to let there be x so that x("? world. what ? you say...", ['hello', 'do']) returns "hello world. what do you say...". I have something that works, but seems far from the "Ruby way": def x(str, arr, rep='?') i = 0 query.gsub(rep) { i+=1; arr[i-1] } end Is there a more idiomatic way of doing this? (Let me note that speed is the most important factor, of course.)

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• Twitter @Anywhere oauth_bridge_code

  - by AngelCabo

  I'm having trouble with Twitter's implementation of an oauth_bridge_code for the @anywhere api. I've seen a few walkthrough's on how to use this functionality but I can't seem to get the request to work for me. I'm using Ruby on Rails with the oauth gem. My code is as follows: def callback consumer = OAuth::Consumer.new(APP_CONFIG['twitter_key'], APP_CONFIG['twitter_secret'], :site => "http://api.twitter.com", :request_token_path => "/oauth/request_token", :authorize_path => "/oauth/authorize", :access_token_path => "/oauth/access_token", :http_method => :post) request = OAuth::AccessToken.new consumer json = request.post("https://api.twitter.com/oauth/access_token?oauth_bridge_code=#{params[:oauth_bridge_code]}") end I keep getting 401 unauthorized responses from the signed post request even though this is supposed to be working according to this walkthrough: http://blog.abrah.am/2010/09/using-twitter-anywhere-bridge-codes.html and a presentation from Matt Harris on slideshare. Any ideas on what I'm doing wrong (besides possibly trying to hit functionality that may not be in place)? Greatly appreciated!

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• Can not get json response using $.getJSON

  - by Mellon

  I am currently developing a Ruby on rails 3 application. My server controller function render a json object as response: class DaysController < BaseController ... def the_days ... render :json => days end end In my javascript,I use the following code to get json response from server( that's from the_day function in controller) $.getJSON( url, {emp_id: emp_id}, function(data) { var result = data.response; alert(result) alert(data) }, "json" ); I use firefox browswer and checked with Firebug, in Firebug Net-XHR, I see the Get request is successful, and the response "days" is there. That's both request and response are successful. But I did not see the two alert window defined in the above $.getJSON function, why? Why I can not get the response "days" in $.getJSON function??

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• Efficiently generate a 16-character, alphanumeric string

  - by ensnare

  I'm looking for a very quick way to generate an alphanumeric unique id for a primary key in a table. Would something like this work? def genKey(): hash = hashlib.md5(RANDOM_NUMBER).digest().encode("base64") alnum_hash = re.sub(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9]', "", hash) return alnum_hash[:16] What would be a good way to generate random numbers? If I base it on microtime, I have to account for the possibility of several calls of genKey() at the same time from different instances. Or is there a better way to do all this? Thanks.

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• Rails link from one model to another based on db field?

  - by Danny McClelland

  Hi Everyone, I have a company model and a person model with the following relationships: class Company < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :kases has_many :people def to_s; companyname; end end class Person < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :kases # foreign key in join table belongs_to :company end In the create action for the person, I have a select box with a list of the companies, which assigns a company_id to that person's record: <%= f.select :company_id, Company.all.collect {|m| [m.companyname, m.id]} %> In the show view for the person I can list the company name as follows: <%=h @person.company.companyname %> What I am trying to work out, is how do I make that a link to the company record? I have tried: <%= link_to @person.company.companyname %> but that just outputs the company name inside a href tag but links to the current page. Thanks, Danny

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• Why is django.test.client.Client not keeping me logged in.

  - by Mystic

  I'm using django.test.client.Client to test whether some text shows up when a user is logged in. However, I the Client object doesn't seem to be keeping me logged in. This test passes if done manually with Firefox but not when done with the Client object. class Test(TestCase): def test_view(self): user.set_password(password) user.save() client = self.client # I thought a more manual way would work, but no luck # client.post('/login', {'username':user.username, 'password':password}) login_successful = client.login(username=user.username, password=password) # this assert passes self.assertTrue(login_successful) response = client.get("/path", follow=True) #whether follow=True or not doesn't seem to work self.assertContains(response, "needle" ) When I print response it returns the login form that is hidden by: {% if not request.user.is_authenticated %} ... form ... {% endif %} This is confirmed when I run ipython manage.py shell. The problem seems to be that the Client object is not keeping the session authenticated.

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• Understanding Ruby Enumerable#map (with more complex blocks)

  - by mstksg

  Let's say I have a function def odd_or_even n if n%2 == 0 return :even else return :odd end end And I had a simple enumerable array simple = [1,2,3,4,5] And I ran it through map, with my function, using a do-end block: simple.map do |n| odd_or_even(n) end # => [:odd,:even,:odd,:even,:odd] How could I do this without, say, defining the function in the first place? For example, # does not work simple.map do |n| if n%2 == 0 return :even else return :odd end end # Desired result: # => [:odd,:even,:odd,:even,:odd] is not valid ruby, and the compiler gets mad at me for even thinking about it. But how would I implement an equivalent sort of thing, that works?

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• has_many association, nested models and callbacks

  - by fl00r

  Hi! I've got model A and model Attach. I'm editing my A form with nested attributes for :attaches. And when I am deleting all attaches from A via accepts_nested_attributes_for how can I get after_update/after_save callbacks for all of my nested models? Problem is that when I am executing callbacks in model A they are executed right AFTER model A is updated and BEFORE model Attach is updated, so I can't, for example, know if there is NO ANY attaches after I delete them all :). Look for example: my callback after_save :update_status won't work properly after I delete all of my attaches. model A after_save :update_status has_many :attaches accepts_nested_attributes_for :attaches, :reject_if => proc { |attributes| attributes['file'].blank? }, :allow_destroy => true def update_status print "\n\nOUPS! bag is empty!\n\n" if self.attaches.empty? end end model Attach belongs_to A end I am using rails 3 beta

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• python class attribute

  - by chnet

  Hi, i have a question about class attribute in python. class base : def __init__ (self): pass derived_val = 1 t1 = base() t2 = base () t2.derived_val +=1 t2.__class__.derived_val +=2 print t2.derived_val # its value is 2 print t2.__class__.derived_val # its value is 3 The results are different. I also use id() function to find t2.derived_val and t2.class.derived_val have different memory address. My problem is derived_val is class attribute. Why it is different in above example? Is it because the instance of class copy its own derived_val beside the class attribute?

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• how to get day name in datetime in python

  - by gadss

  how can I get the day name (such as : Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday) in datetime in python?... here is my code in my handlers.py from django.utils.xmlutils import SimplerXMLGenerator from piston.handler import BaseHandler from booking.models import * from django.db.models import * from piston.utils import rc, require_mime, require_extended, validate import datetime class BookingHandler(BaseHandler): allowed_method = ('GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE') fields = ('id', 'date_select', 'product_name', 'quantity', 'price','totalcost', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'contact', 'product') model = Booking def read(self, request, id, date_select): if not self.has_model(): return rc.NOT_IMPLEMENTED try: prod = Product.objects.get(id=id) prod_quantity = prod.quantity merge = [] checkDateExist = Booking.objects.filter(date_select=date_select) if checkDateExist.exists(): entered_date = Booking.objects.values('date_select').distinct('date_select').filter(date_select=date_select)[0]['date_select'] else: entered_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(date_select, '%Y-%m-%d') entered_date = entered_date.date() delta = datetime.timedelta(days=3) target_date = entered_date - delta day = 1 for x in range(0,7): delta = datetime.timedelta(days=x+day) new_date = target_date + delta maximumProdQuantity = prod.quantity quantityReserve = Booking.objects.filter(date_select=new_date, product=prod).aggregate(Sum('quantity'))['quantity__sum'] if quantityReserve == None: quantityReserve = 0 quantityAvailable = prod_quantity - quantityReserve data1 = {'maximum_guest': maximumProdQuantity, 'available': quantityAvailable, 'date': new_date} merge.append(data1) return merge except self.model.DoesNotExist: return rc.NOT_HERE in my code: this line sets the date: for x in range(0,7): delta = datetime.timedelta(days=x+day) new_date = target_date + delta

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• Python and hebrew encoding/decoding error

  - by user340495

  Hey, I have sqlite database which I would like to insert values in Hebrew to I am keep getting the following error : UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xd7 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128) my code is as following : runsql(u'INSERT into personal values(%(ID)d,%(name)s)' % {'ID':1,'name':fabricate_hebrew_name()}) def fabricate_hebrew_name(): hebrew_names = [u'????',u'???',u'???',u'???',u'????',u'???',u'????',u'???',u'????',u'?????',u'????',u'???',u'????'] return random.sample(names,1)[0].encode('utf-8') note: runsql executing the query on the sqlite database fabricate_hebrew_name() should return a string which could be used in my SQL query. any help is much appreciated.

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• Returning user data for forms that have errors in when using ModelForms

  - by Sevenearths

  forms.py from django.forms import ModelForm from client.models import ClientDetails, ClientAddress, ClientPhone from snippets.UKPhoneNumberForm import UKPhoneNumberField class ClientDetailsForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model = ClientDetails class ClientAddressForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model = ClientAddress class ClientPhoneForm(ModelForm): number = UKPhoneNumberField() class Meta: model = ClientPhone views.py from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, redirect from django.template import RequestContext from client.forms import ClientDetailsForm, ClientAddressForm, ClientPhoneForm def new_client_view(request): formDetails = ClientDetailsForm(initial={'marital_status':'u'}) formAddress = ClientAddressForm() formHomePhone = ClientPhoneForm(initial={'phone_type':'home'}) formWorkPhone = ClientPhoneForm(initial={'phone_type':'work'}) formMobilePhone = ClientPhoneForm(initial={'phone_type':'mobi'}) return render_to_response('client/new_client.html', {'formDetails': formDetails, 'formAddress': formAddress, 'formHomePhone': formHomePhone, 'formWorkPhone': formWorkPhone, 'formMobilePhone': formMobilePhone}, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) (the new_client.html is nothing special) How should I write views.py so that if the user's data raises an error, instead of showing them the form again with the errors in but none of their original data, it shows them the form again with the errors AND their original data?

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• python: strange behavior about exec statement

  - by ifocus

  exec statement: exec code [ in globals[, locals]] When I execute the following code in python, the result really confused me. Some of the variables were setup into the globals, some were setup into the locals. s = """ # test var define int_v1 = 1 list_v1 = [1, 2, 3] dict_v1 = {1: 'hello', 2:'world', 3:'!'} # test built-in function list_v2 = [float(x) for x in list_v1] len_list_v1 = len(list_v1) # test function define def func(): global g_var, list_v1, dict_v1 print 'access var in globals:' print g_var print 'access var in locals:' for x in list_v1: print dict_v1[x] """ g = {'__builtins__': __builtins__, 'g_var': 'global'} l = {} exec s in g, l print 'globals:', g print 'locals:', l exec 'func()' in g, l the result in python2.6.5: globals: {'__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, 'dict_v1': {1: 'hello', 2: 'world', 3: '!'}, 'g_var': 'global', 'list_v1': [1, 2, 3]} locals: {'int_v1': 1, 'func': <function func at 0x00ACA270>, 'x': 3, 'len_list_v1': 3, 'list_v2': [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]} access var in globals: global access var in locals: hello world ! And if I want to setup all variables and functions into the locals, and keep the rights of accessing the globals. How to do ?

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• Analyzing Python Code: Modulus Operator

  - by Bhubhu Hbuhdbus

  I was looking at some code in Python (I know nothing about Python) and I came across this portion: def do_req(body): global host, req data = "" s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect((host, 80)) s.sendall(req % (len(body), body)) tmpdata = s.recv(8192) while len(tmpdata) > 0: data += tmpdata tmpdata = s.recv(8192) s.close() return data This is then called later on with body of huge size, as in over 500,000 bytes. This is sent to an Apache server that has the max request size on the default 8190 bytes. My question is what is happening at the "s.sendall()" part? Obviously the entire body cannot be sent at once and I'm guessing it is reduced by way of the modulus operator. I don't know how it works in Python, though. Can anyone explain? Thanks.

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• Django: way to test what class a generic relation content_object is?

  - by bitbutter

  In my project I have a class, NewsItem. Instances of NewsItem act like a wrapper. They can be associated with either an ArtWork instance, or an Announcement instance. Here's how the NewsItem model looks: class NewsItem(models.Model): content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType) object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField() content_object = generic.GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id') date = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.datetime.now,) class Meta: ordering = ('-date',) def __unicode__(self): return (self.title()) In a template I'm dealing with a NewsItem instance, and would like to output a certain bunch of html it it's 'wrapping' an Artwork instance, and a different bunch of html if it's wrapping an Announcement instance. Could someone explain how I can write a conditional to test for this? My first naive try looked like this: {% if news_item.content_object.type=='Artwork' %}do this{% else %}do that{% endif %}

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• Python: Hack to call a method on an object that isn't of its class

  - by cool-RR

  Assume you define a class, which has a method which does some complicated processing: class A(object): def my_method(self): # Some complicated processing is done here return self And now you want to use that method on some object from another class entirely. Like, you want to do A.my_method(7). This is what you'd get: TypeError: unbound method my_method() must be called with A instance as first argument (got int instance instead). Now, is there any possibility to hack things so you could call that method on 7? I'd want to avoid moving the function or rewriting it. (Note that the method's logic does depend on self.) One note: I know that some people will want to say, "You're doing it wrong! You're abusing Python! You shouldn't do it!" So yes, I know, this is a terrible terrible thing I want to do. I'm asking if someone knows how to do it, not how to preach to me that I shouldn't do it.

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