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  • How many megabytes per second may I expect from a gigabit USB 2.0 network card under linux?

    - by Nakedible
    I'm interested in the actual real-word throughput attainable with an external 1000BaseT USB 2.0 network card under Linux. I have been able to attain 90 megabytes per second on a PCI-E interface, but the USB 2.0 bus has a theoretical limit of 480Mbit/s, and in practice less than 40 megabytes per second. Is the actual throughput attainable with such a card under linux 40, 30, 20, or even as low as 10 megabytes per second, eg. no better than a normal 100BaseT network card?

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  • How to find out which process is hogging the linux server?

    - by user1149518
    We have a RHEL server. Today it suddenly became slow. Symptoms - It was responding slow to ping queries from other server. When I try to login using ssh, it was taking about 10 seconds to login. I was able to resolve the problem by doing some guess work. I killed one process which I thought was culprit. Which resolved the problem. Though I would like to know what's proper approach to detect the culprit in such kind of "slow server" situations. Le me know proper way to resolving such slowness issues and decting the process causing the slowness. These were the conditions when the server was slow - # vmstat 3 3 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu------ r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 1 1 176 6730868 285052 4899676 0 0 3 4 0 0 1 1 97 1 0 0 0 176 6751576 285064 4899704 0 0 0 115 15307 37171 1 1 96 3 0 0 0 176 6751948 285068 4899700 0 0 0 23 14813 39559 1 1 98 1 0 # top top - 16:38:18 up 150 days, 19:36, 64 users, load average: 1.68, 1.46, 1.44 Tasks: 1287 total, 2 running, 1284 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 1.3%us, 1.7%sy, 0.1%ni, 95.9%id, 0.7%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st Mem: 16620824k total, 9867124k used, 6753700k free, 287424k buffers Swap: 8193140k total, 176k used, 8192964k free, 4898996k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 26258 khk 34 19 130m 47m 7088 S 11.2 0.3 385:32.42 edm Though I would like to know what's proper approach to detect the culprit in such kind of "slow server" situations. Le me know proper way to resolving such slowness issues and decting the process causing the slowness.

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  • What are your tricks for optimizing your Subversion configuration?

    - by Scott Markwell
    For a Linux or Windows system, what tricks do you do to optimize your Subversion server? The following are my current tricks for a Linux system serving over Apache with HTTPS and backed by Active Directory using LDAP authentication. Enabling KeepAlive on Apache Disable SVNPathAuthz Increase LDAP Cache Using the FSFS storage method instead of BDB Feel free to call this into question. I don't have hard proof that FSFS out performs BDB, only lots of tribal knowledge and hearsay.

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  • Load testing nginx inside AWS

    - by andy
    I'm trying to load test nginx running on AWS. I need to try to optimise it to handle 1Gbps of inbound traffic. Currently I've got it to peak at 85Mbit/s by running nginx on an m1.large with 4 other machines hitting it by using ab with -i (for head requests) -k (keepalives) -r (ignore failed requests) -n 500000 -c 20000. I'm struggling to generate more than 85 Mbit/s traffic from 4 machines, yet when I do scp a large file I get nearly 0.25Gbit/s of traffic going over the network. Are there any tools or approaches that I could use to load test nginx that might generate more load? I'm only interested in inbound traffic, so perhaps a DoS tool could help if it chucks away responses? I'm hitting a very small (40 byte) static asset, and have peaked at handling 50K concurrent connections and getting 25k reqs/s when just using a single load generator machine.

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  • Lightweight ad-blocker for firefox

    - by student
    On a old machine (512 MB RAM) I am currently running ubuntu jaunty and firefox 3.0.15. I tried the ad blocker addon add block plus but it eats lots of RAM (300 MB). Is high memory load of this add-on a bug, which is fixed in a newer version or just normal? If so, why is the memory usage so high? Is there another ad blocker add-on for firefox or another browser- add-on combination for linux (ubuntu jaunty) which uses significant less RAM?

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  • Using an Internal HDD as an External HDD also or an External HDD for installing SAP ?

    - by Asterix
    Is it possible and advisable to use an Internal Hard Drive as an External Hard drive also. I wanted to install SAP ECC 6 on my system which has only 250 GB but atleast 300 GB is required.I wanted to buy an External Drive first, then I heard loading SAP on an External would make it extremely slow. I'll be using it only as a beginer so even if it is a little slow i don't mind. Is it feasible to run such a big application from an External Hard disk ? So can i purchase a 500 or 1 TB Internal Hard disk and use it as an External too by fitting it with the necessary USB 3.0 Hard drive cases and cables ? or should i purchase a External and load SAP onto it ? Thank you.

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  • MicrosoftOnline Migration - Why do I have to wait several minutes before I can click "Finish?"

    - by Giffyguy
    I'm using the MicrosoftOnline Internet E-Mail Mailbox Migration Wizard. I'm moving my email from several GMail accounts to my Microsoft Exchange Online mailboxes. Every time I migrate all or part of a GMail mailbox, I have to wait about five minutes after it completes migration before the Finish button becomes available. What is going on during this time? Is it something I am doing wrong, or is the system just slow?

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  • How can I determine Breaking point of my Web application using JMeter?

    - by Gopu Alakrishna
    How can I determine Breaking point of my Web application using JMeter? I have executed the JMeter Testplan with different concurrent users load. EX. 300 users(0% error), 400 users(7% error in a sample, 5% error in another sample), 500 users(more than 10% error in 4 out of 6 samples). At What value of % Error, I can say system reached the Breaking point.I used concurrent users 300, 400, 500 in a PHP website. Should I consider any other parameter to determine breaking point. How many maximum concurrent users my application can support?

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  • Difference between all servers in one cluster and more than one cluster with servers?

    - by silla
    Not sure I understand what´s the difference or how it works when servers a running in one cluster or if there are more than one clusters with servers in it - regard High availability & Load Balancing. For me they are somehow the same, there is not really a big difference. Let´s make a simple example: 2 Servers in 1 Cluster 2 Clusters with each 1 Server - 1. If one Server failure, the other one is able to continue the work. The same for Load Balancing, these two Servers are able to balance the work together. - 2. The same thing! If one Server failure... The only thing that could be a problem with point 1. is if the Cluster fails (then both of the Server are dead). But is this even possible? I was reading stuff about clustering and high availability but I think I do not get this really. Probably I did not really understand how a cluster is working. Are these 2 points with 1 Cluster and 2 Clusters somehow the same or are there really some big differences? What should I know about it? Thank you

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  • A good free software for freeing up RAM Memory in Windows 7(64bit)

    - by Flavius Frantz
    I am looking for a good windows 7 software to free up RAM memory on my PC... i tried some ones I found on google but they were bad stuff... with viruses, spamware etc... i want a free clean professional software, if you don't know a good one thats free, please recommend a payed version. Also other tips/software to speed up my pc(on win7- 64bit) and such utilities. Also software to measure temperature would be great... If you can make a "must have" list of such software... Thank you I am a graphic designer, usually using this stack exchange for graphic design questions, now I realised there is this superuser one... nice :) [I usually have a lot of running programs, such as Photoshop, Flash, Illustrator, InDesign, running at the same time... with only 4GB of RAM memmory.. any tips to improve my PC perfomance would be great... I have a Asus K50IP Notebook]

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  • Sendmail slow to accept emails

    - by Rich
    I have a PHP web app which is using SMTP to sendmail on localhost to send email. I would like sendmail to accept the mail request immediately and queue it for later sending, as I don't want to have user-facing request threads blocked on emails. Sendmail is installed with the default settings on RHEL web servers. Sometimes sendmail is blocking for a long time after the MAIL command is sent -- sometimes taking 60 or 90 seconds to accept the mail. The time take is usually very close to 60 or 90 sec, which makes me think this is some kind of timeout. I have looked in the sendmail logs, and there are plenty of "deferred" emails, but nothing which looks responsible for this delay. How can I diagnose what is slowing down sendmail? How can I configure sendmail to always accept the mail immediately and to queue the mail for later sending? Update: I'm not sure, but it looks like this might be linked to aol.com addresses. I strongly suspect that sendmail is doing some kind of blocking receipient address verification at the accept-email-for-sending stage. How can I disable that, so that sendmail doesn't block my UI threads? Update 2: This only seems to happen at busy times. Perhaps I am running out of sendmail threads or something? How can I check that?

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  • How expensive is a hostname in htaccess? Other solutions possible?

    - by Nanne
    For easy allow or disallowing of dynamic IP-adresses you can add them as a hostname in a .htaccess file. As I have read from: .htaccess allow from hostname? it does a reverse lookup on the connecting ip address, seeing if the response matches the allowed name. (Well, actually Apache is doing a double lookup, first a reverse lookup and then a forward lookup on the result of the reverse.) This is the reason we are currently not using dynamic-ip hostnames in the .htaccess: this "sounds" quite heavy: 2 extra lookups for every request. Is this indeed quite heavy, and would a reasonably busy server that is rather looking for less then more load get away with this :)? (e.g.: how does this 'load' compare to the rest? If a request is 1000 times more expensive then the lookups it might be negligible. otoh, it could be that final straw :) ) Are there other solutions? I can write a script that does a lookup of the hostname and put it in .htaccess files ofcourse, but this feels a bit like a hack.

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  • Let varnish send old data from cache while it's fetching a new one?

    - by mark
    I'm caching dynamically generated pages (PHP-FPM, NGINX) and have varnish in front of them, this works very well. However, once the cache timeout is reached, I see this: new client requests page varnish recognizes the cache timeout client waits varnish fetches new page from backend varnish delivers new page to the client (and has page cached, too, for the next request which gets it instantly) What I would like to do is: client requests page varnish recognizes the timeout varnish delivers old page to the client varnish fetches new page from backend and puts it into the cache In my case it's not site where outdated information is such a big problem, especially not when we're talking about cache timeout from a few minutes. However, I don't want punish user to wait in line and rather deliver something immediate. Is that possible in some way? To illustrate, here's a sample output of running siege 5 minutes against my server which was configured to cache for one minute: HTTP/1.1,200, 1.97, 12710,/,1,2013-06-24 00:21:06 ... HTTP/1.1,200, 1.88, 12710,/,1,2013-06-24 00:21:20 ... HTTP/1.1,200, 1.93, 12710,/,1,2013-06-24 00:22:08 ... HTTP/1.1,200, 1.89, 12710,/,1,2013-06-24 00:22:22 ... HTTP/1.1,200, 1.94, 12710,/,1,2013-06-24 00:23:10 ... HTTP/1.1,200, 1.91, 12709,/,1,2013-06-24 00:23:23 ... HTTP/1.1,200, 1.93, 12710,/,1,2013-06-24 00:24:12 ... I left out the hundreds of requests running in 0.02 or so. But it still concerns me that there are going to be users having to wait almost 2 seconds for their raw HTML. Can't we do any better here? (I came across Varnish send while cache , it sounded similar but not exactly what I'm trying to do.)

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  • Losing SQL connections

    - by john pavelka
    sql servr 2005 - Standard; one dedicated sql server (VM); windows server 2003; Small databases; About once a week we lose all sql connections. It seems to fix itself after about 5-10 minutes. System.Web.HttpUnhandledException: Exception of type 'System.Web.HttpUnhandledException' was thrown. --- System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Timeout expired. The timeout period elapsed prior to completion of the operation or the server is not responding. We don't have a fully qualified DBA; it's kind of a joint effort here. Can somebody give me some general ideas for troubleshooting the network side and the application side? We already ran a few tuning profiles and ran through Database Tuning Advisor to apply indexing recommendations. It would sure be nice if there was a way to take a snapshot of what was running on sql server when these 100% cpu spikes occured, but sometimes we're not around. Is it common to throttle CPU for certain processes? Can this be done with Windows server 2003? For example, if security apps were making cpu spike to 100%, is there a way to limit their cpu usage? Any advice is appreciated. thanks,

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  • SQL Server - VMWare install - Utilize more RAM

    - by alex
    We have a SQL server machine - It’s a VMWare image (running on ESXi hardware etc..) It has windows 2008 x64 standard The SQL install is SQL 2008 standard The virtual machine has 12gb of RAM, and 4 virtual CPU The box is suffering from near 100% CPU a lot of the time I enabled the AWE- but SQL server only seems to use 3-4gb of RAM Is there a way of making it use more available ram more effectively? cache results for example..?

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  • Windows 2008 R2 on ESXi 4.1 cpu utilization kernel high

    - by MK.
    I have a Win2k8 guest running on ESXi 4.1. The host has 12 cores and the problem happens even if the guest is the only VM on the host. We have 4 cores dedicated to the guest. We noticed that network starts chocking when the CPU load goes up. After some testing we noticed that when running a simple CPU hogging tool set up to run 3 threads at 100% the regular CPU load goes to 75% like it should and the "kernel times" graph in task manager goes up to 25%. My intuition tells me that the network problem and kernel times problem are the same. This is confirmed by another similar VM we created on the same host which doesn't have either of the problems. VMWare tools are obviously installed. The nic is e1000. What else can we do to troubleshoot this?

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  • DD-WRT - Where's the best place to get a LinkSys WRT54G V1.0?

    - by Giffyguy
    Looking for the initial release of the LinkSys WRT54G, not V1.1 or V2.0 or anything like that. If it comes with DD-WRT pre-installed, even better. That being said, I suppose a side question would be whether SU recommends different hardware. After all, DD-WRT may have been originally built for the WRT54G and the WRT54Gv1.0 may have better hardware than any of the successive models, but it's still fairly dated. Are there newer routers that are more stable or performant with DD-WRT?

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  • How can I pin point a USB file transfer bottleneck in Unix?

    - by HankHendrix
    I'm experiencing very slow data transfer speeds over USB 2.0 on my nix box and was wondering how I can pin-point the cause of the problem. I've looked into iotop and top but the cpu and mem figures look normal (compared to guides I have checked). The box which is affected is Ubuntu 12.04 32bit Server running on an Asus EEE 701 2G model and I am transferring from the OS over USB 2.0 to an external HDD (which transfers at 30MB/s+ on Windows 7 on other machine). I get rsync write speeds of 1MB/s from OS to USB HDD which seems ridiculously slow. These speeds are consistent with other USB HDDs and sticks.

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  • apache chokes after 300 connections

    - by john titus
    We have an apache webserver in front of Tomcat hosted on EC2, instance type is extra large with 34GB memory. Our application deals with lot of external webservices and we have a very lousy external webservice which takes almost 300 seconds to respond to requests during peak hours. During peak hours the server chokes at just about 300 httpd processes. ps -ef | grep httpd | wc -l =300 I have googled and found numerous suggestions but nothing seems to work.. following are some configuration i have done which are directly taken from online resources. I have increased the limits of max connection and max clients in both apache and tomcat. here are the configuration details: //apache <IfModule prefork.c> StartServers 100 MinSpareServers 10 MaxSpareServers 10 ServerLimit 50000 MaxClients 50000 MaxRequestsPerChild 2000 </IfModule> //tomcat <Connector port="8080" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" connectionTimeout="600000" redirectPort="8443" enableLookups="false" maxThreads="1500" compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml,text/plain,text/css,application/x-javascript,text/vnd.wap.wml,text/vnd.wap.wmlscript,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml-dtd,application/xslt+xml" compression="on"/> //Sysctl.conf net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse=1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=1 fs.file-max = 5049800 vm.min_free_kbytes = 204800 vm.page-cluster = 20 vm.swappiness = 90 net.ipv4.tcp_rfc1337=1 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 65536 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000 net.core.somaxconn = 1024 I have been trying numerous suggestions but in vain.. how to fix this? I'm sure m2xlarge server should serve more requests than 300, probably i might be going wrong with my configuration.. The server chokes only during peak hours and when there are 300 concurrent requests waiting for the [300 second delayed] webservice to respond. Please help..

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  • Mysql process goes over 100% of CPU usage

    - by Temnovit
    Hello! I'm experiencing some problems with my LAMP server. Recently, everything became very slow, even though visitor count on my websites didn't change to much. When I run top command, it sais that mysql process has taken over 150-200% of CPU. How's that possible, I always thought that 100% is a maximum? I'm running Ubuntu 9.04 server edition with 1,5 GB RAM my.cnf settings: key_buffer = 64M max_allowed_packet = 16M thread_stack = 192K thread_cache_size = 8 myisam-recover = BACKUP max_connections = 200 table_cache = 512 table_definition_cache = 512 thread_concurrency = 2 read_buffer_size = 1M sort_buffer_size = 4M join_buffer_size = 1M query_cache_limit = 1M # the maximum size of individual query results query_cache_size = 128M Here is the output of MySQLTuner: The top command: What could be the cause of this problem? Can I make changes to my my.cnf to prevent server from hanging?

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  • Top causes of slow ssh logins

    - by Peter Lyons
    I'd love for one of you smart and helpful folks to post a list of common causes of delays during an ssh login. Specifically, there are 2 spots where I see a range from instantaneous to multi-second delays. Between issuing the ssh command and getting a login prompt and between entering the passphrase and having the shell load Now, specifically I'm looking at ssh details only here. Obviously network latency, speed of the hardware and OSes involved, complex login scripts, etc can cause delays. For context I ssh to a vast multitude of linux distributions and some Solaris hosts using mostly Ubuntu, CentOS, and MacOS X as my client systems. Almost all of the time, the ssh server configuration is unchanged from the OS's default settings. What ssh server configurations should I be interested in? Are there OS/kernel parameters that can be tuned? Login shell tricks? Etc?

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  • How to find the process(es) which are hogging the machine

    - by Aaron Digulla
    Scenario: All of a sudden, my computer feels sluggish. Mouse moves but windows take ages to open, etc. uptime says the load is 7.69 and raising. What is the fastest way to find out which process(es) are the cause of the load? Now, "top" and similar tools isn't the answer because they either show CPU or memory usage but not both at the same time. What I need is the single command which I might be able to type as it happens - something that will figure out any of System is trying to swap 8GB of RAM to disk because process X ... or process X seeks all over the disk or process X uses 400% CPU" So what I'm looking for is iostat, htop/atop and similar tools run into one with an output like this: 1235 cp - Disk trashing 87 chrome - Uses 2&nbsp;GB of RAM 137 nfs_bench - Uses 95% of the network bandwidth I don't want a tool that gives me some numbers which I can analyze but a tool that tells me exactly which process causes the current load. Assume that the user in front of the keyboard barely knows how to write "process", but the user is quickly overwhelmed when it comes to "resident size", "virtual memory" or "process life cycle". My argument goes like this: A user notices a problem. There can be thousands of reasons ... well, almost :-) The user wants to know the source of the problem. The current solutions give me lots of numbers, and I need to know what these numbers mean. What I'm looking for is a meta tool. 99% of the data is irrelevant to the problem. So what the tool should do is look for processes which hog some resource and list only those along with "this process needs a lot of CPU, this produces many IRQs, this process allocates a lot of RAM (and it's still growing)". This will be a relatively short list. It will be much more simple for someone new to this to locate the culprit from this list than from the output of, say, htop which gives me about 5000 numbers but requires me to fold multi-threaded processes myself (I have 50 lines which say VIRT 2750M but only 16 GB of RAM - the machine ought to swap itself to death but of course, this is a misinterpretation of the data that can happen quickly).

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  • mpstat on slackware 13.0 shows no utilization

    - by conartist6
    As the title says, the mpstat command, executed on Slack 13.0 continuously shows almost no processor utilization of any sort. In fact none of the output ever seems to change at all. The system is dual processor board with two hyperthreaded P4 Xeons. Any ideas? 08:50:06 PM CPU %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s 08:50:06 PM all 0.38 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.56 1510.46 08:50:06 PM 0 0.50 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.00 0.01 0.00 99.33 11.90 08:50:06 PM 1 0.32 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.64 0.00 08:50:06 PM 2 0.38 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.58 0.00 08:50:06 PM 3 0.29 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.68 0.00 This is, literally, the only output I can get from the program. No values change ever.

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  • How do I remove 1,000,000 directories?

    - by harper
    I found that in a directory more than 1,000,000 subdirectories has been created due to a bug. I want to remove all these directories, let's say in the directory WebsiteCache. My first approach was to use the command line tool: cd WebsiteCache rmdir /Q /S . This will remove all subdirectories except the directory WebsiteCache itself, since it is the current working directory. I noticed after two hours that the directoriws starting with A-H have been removed. Why does rmdir removes the directories in alphabetical order? It must take additional effort to do this ordered. What is the fastest way to delete such an amount of directories?

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  • Use the same database or replicate it for reports and web

    - by developer
    I would like to know if i have a web with a huge Database and throw expensive (in time)reports , the best way to do this is with one database for the web and a replicated one for reports, or only one for both, i'm worried that users can throw reports for 5 or more years because they need that information and the web crashes because of this.

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