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• Using SET NULL and SET DEFAULT with Foreign Key Constraints

  Cascading Updates and Deletes, introduced with SQL Server 2000, were such an important, crucial feature that it is hard to imagine providing referential integrity without them. One of the new features in SQL Server 2005 that hasn't gotten a lot of press from what I've read is the new options for the ON DELETE and ON UPDATE clauses: SET NULL and SET DEFAULT. Let's take a look!

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• Learning PostgreSql: Functions and refcursors

  - by Alexander Kuznetsov

  In this post we shall create a function that returns data, and invoke it from our C# client. There are no stored procedures in PostgreSql, only functions. This is different from T-SQL, but consistent with many other languages, such as C#. Creating a function Functions can return many different types. Learning all the available options might take some time. However, for the project we are working on, we need to replicate several T-SQL stored procedures which take column list as a parameter, and use...(read more)

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• My Reference for Amy Lewis

  - by Denise McInerney

  The 2013 election campaign for the PASS Board of Directors is underway. There are seven qualified candidates running this year. They all offer a wealth of experience volunteering for PASS and the SQL Server community. One of these candidates, Amy Lewis, asked me to write a reference for her to include on her candidate application. I have a lot of experience working with Amy and was pleased to provide this reference: I enthusiastically support Amy Lewis as a candidate for the PASS Board of Directors. I have known and worked with Amy in various PASS' volunteer capacities for years, starting when we were both leaders of SIGs (the precursors to the Virtual Chapters.) In that time I have seen Amy grow as a leader, taking on increasing responsibility and developing her leadership skills in the process. From the Program Committee to the BI Virtual Chapter to her local user group's SQL Saturday Amy has demonstrated a capacity to organize and lead volunteers. A successful leader delivers results, and does so in a way that encourages and empowers the people she is working with; Amy embodies this leadership style. As Director for Virtual Chapters I have most recently worked with Amy in her capacity of DW/BI VC Leader. This VC is one of our largest and most active, and Amy's leadership is a key contribution to that success. I was pleased to see that Amy was also thinking about succession and prepared other volunteers to take over the chapter leadership. Amy has shown an understanding of PASS' strategic goals and has focused her volunteer efforts to help us reach those goals. For the past couple of years we have been trying to expand PASS reach and relevance to SQL communities around the world. The VCs are a key vehicle for this expansion. Amy embraced this idea and organized the VC to engage volunteers in Europe & Australia and provide content that could reach SQL professionals in those regions. A second key strategy for PASS is expanding into the data analytics space. Again Amy rose to the occasion helping to shape the program for our first Business Analytics Conference and leveraging the BI VC to promote the event. By all measures I think Amy is prepared to serve on the Board and contribute in a positive way.

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• Geek City: Growing Rows with Snapshot Isolation

  - by Kalen Delaney

  I just finished a wonderful week in Stockholm, teaching a class for Cornerstone Education. We had 19 SQL Server enthusiasts, all eager to find out everything they could about SQL Server Internals. One questions came up on Thursday that I wasn’t sure of the answer to. I jokingly told the student who asked it to consider it a homework exercise, but then I was so interested in the answer, I try to figure it out myself Thursday evening. In this post, I’ll tell you what I did to try to answer the question....(read more)

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• PASS Summit 2012 Day Two Keynote

  - by AllenMWhite

  Summit day two is upon us and we're anticipating another exciting keynote. Nice video of international attendees at the start of the keynote focusing on the global community. Doug McDowell came out and talked about how much great content is going on simultaneously at the Summit. In the last five years PASS has incorporated SQL Saturdays, 24 Hours of PASS, SQL Rally, Virtual Chapters, and doubled and maybe even quadrupled the membership numbers. Doug talked about applying the revenues into these programs...(read more)

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• User Group meeting in Copenhagen for #powerpivot

  - by Marco Russo (SQLBI)

  The next Monday, March 21st, I will join a special event organized by the Danish SQL Server User Group , Excelbi.dk and the Swedish SQL Server User Group . The meeting will start at 18:00 at the Radisson Royal Blu in Copenhagen, and this is the topic we will discuss. PowerPivot / BISM and the future of a BI Solution The next version of Analysis Services will offer the BI Semantic Model (BISM) that is based on Vertipaq, the same engine that runs PowerPivot. DAX and PowerPivot have been created as...(read more)

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• SQLTraining in UK in Q3/Q4 of 2011

  - by NeilHambly

  As I prepare to embark on my Immersion training week with Paul & Kimberly from SQLSkills , which is another one of the courses being offered in the UK this year, it seems that these invariably get full very quickly, so don't hang around or you will miss your opportunity to attend them I do know of some other great SQL courses that give you in-depth training and these are the ones that I know of (shown is date order) Sept 12th - 14th (Klaus Aschenbrenner) "Advanced SQL Server Performance...(read more)

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• How many per-core licenses do I need?

  - by GavinPayneUK

    With SQL Server 2012, your licensing requirements can chose to use or be required to use a per-core model depending on the edition you’re deploying. This is a change to previous editions which used a per-CPU socket model that made counting how many per-CPU licences you needed easier – cores and HyperThreading didn’t influence the CPU socket count.  Any complications which people did have typically came from running SQL Server in a virtualised environment, was a vCPU a socket or did licensing...(read more)

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• Starting this week: Dublin, Maidenhead, and London

  - by KKline

  This might be most most overcommitted four-week period of time ever in my life. I’m tired just thinking about it! Not only am I traveling internationally and speaking over the next few weeks, I’m also helping on two book projects, learning some new applications from Quest Software, and helping on a small Transact-SQL refactoring project. Swag on hand? I’ve got a special printing of 500 video training DVDs for this trip: SQL Server Training on DMVs Performance Monitor and Wait Events Plus, I’ll have...(read more)

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• New Whitepaper from SQLBI: Vertipaq vs ColumnStore

  - by AlbertoFerrari

  At the end of June 2012, I was in Amsterdam to present some sessions at Teched Europe 2012 and, while preparing the material for the demos (yes, the best demos are the ones I prepare at the last minute), I decided to make a comparison between the two implementations of xVelocity of SQL 2012, one is the VertiPaq engine in SSAS Tabular and the other one is the ColumnStore index in SQL Server. After some trials, I decided that ColumnStore was a clear loser, because I was not able to see a real improvement...(read more)

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• Updatable columnstore index, sp_spaceused and sys.partitions

  - by Michael Zilberstein

  Columnstore index in SQL Server 2014 contains 2 new important features: it can be clustered and it is updateable. So I decided to play with both. As a “control group” I’ve taken my old columnstore index demo from one of the ISUG (Israeli SQL Server Usergroup) sessions. The script itself isn’t important – it creates partition function with 7 partitions (actually 8 but one remains empty), table on it and populates the table with 63 million rows – 9 million in each partition. So I used the same script...(read more)

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• Read Committed Snapshot Isolation– Two Considerations

  - by GavinPayneUK

    The Read Committed Snapshot database option in SQL Server, known perhaps more accurately as Read Committed Snapshot Isolation or RCSI, can be enabled to help readers from blocking writers and writers from blocking readers.  However, enabling it can cause two issues with the tempdb database which are often overlooked. One can slow down queries, the other can cause queries to fail . Overview of RCSI Enabling the option changes the behaviour of the default SQL Server isolation level, read...(read more)

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• What does this Express Edition look like, anyhow?

  - by TiborKaraszi

  Chances are that you rarely get to see the Express Edition of SQL Server if you mainly work with servers. This blog post is inspired from a forum discussion where some functionality is missing in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) and I suspected that the tools were installed as a Basic installation instead of Complete installation. So how do I check that? Difficult if I don’t have such an install to look at. I’m training this week and have a few spare machines to play with so I went ahead and installed...(read more)

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• [Speaking] Presenting at AITP Region 18 IT Con

  - by AllenMWhite

  The IT Con event this Saturday, June 18, is an event similar to SQL Saturday. It has three tracks, an IT Professional track, a Development track and a Career Development track. I'll be presenting two sessions in the IT Professional track. Gather SQL Server Performance Data with PowerShell We all know how important it is to keep a baseline of performance metrics that allow us to know when something is wrong and help us to track it down and fix the problem. We don't always know how to do this easily...(read more)

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• PAL–Performance Analysis of Logs

  - by GavinPayneUK

  I was doing some research earlier this week on SQL Server related troubleshooting tools and was surprised I’d forgotten about Microsoft’s PAL tool – Performance Analysis of Logs. PAL is a free PowerShell UI based tool from Microsoft that creates a perfmon template which can then be used to capture counters most relevant to a high-level performance review PAL will them give for specific Microsoft server deployments, SQL Server being one of them.  Everyone knows what perfmon does, probably too...(read more)

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• DBA Reporting Presentation - Cambridge UG

  - by NeilHambly

  I'm now able to Report (sorry for the pun!) that my presentation on DBA Reporting I gave @ the User group on 25th November @ Red-Gate Offices in Cambridge So I have attached the Presentation in PDF format for you all to replay and view if you weren't able to attend. Here a few links you may also want to check out on some of those products we discussed Various ones like SQL NEXUS / DAIG / PAL / Internals Viewer http://www.codeplex.com/ SQL Server 2005 Performance Dashboard Reports http://www...(read more)

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• Community Event Leader Tools

  - by GavinPayneUK

  As many of you know, I run a small SQL Server community event here in the UK, SQL Server in the Evening, with the help of Coeo colleague and MVP Justin Langford.  There’s been half a dozen evening events in the last 16 months and recently it got to the point where I needed to start putting proper tools in place to communicate with my event’s followers.  As well as telling them when the next event is it’d also be nice to share some of the Chapter Leader mails I get from Pass etc.  ...(read more)

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• Temporary Object Caching Explained

  - by Paul White

  SQL Server 2005 onward caches temporary tables and table variables referenced in stored procedures for reuse, reducing contention on tempdb allocation structures and catalogue tables.  A number of things can prevent this caching (none of which are allowed when working with table variables): Named constraints (bad idea anyway, since concurrent executions can cause a name collision) DDL after creation (though what is considered DDL is interesting) Creation using dynamic SQL Table created in a...(read more)

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• Speaking - 24 Hours of PASS, Summit Preview Edition

  - by AllenMWhite

  There's so much to learn to be effective with SQL Server, and you have an opportunity to immerse yourselves in 24 hours of free technical training this week from PASS, via the 24 Hours of PASS event. I'll be presenting an introductory session on PowerShell called PowerShell 101 for the SQL Server DBA . Here's the abstract: The more you have to manage, the more likely you'll want to automate your processes. PowerShell is the scripting language that will make you truly effective at managing lots of...(read more)

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• Are We Losing a Standard (Edition) Data Recovery Technology?

  - by AllenMWhite

  One of the coolest technologies Microsoft released with SQL Server 2005 was Database Mirroring, which provided the ability to have a failover copy of a database on another SQL Server instance, and have the ability to automatically failover to that copy should a problem occur with the primary database. What was even cooler was that this new technology was available on Standard Edition! Mom and Pop shops could afford to implement a high availability solution without paying an extra tens of thousands...(read more)

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• TechEd 2014 Day 1

  - by John Paul Cook

  Today at TechEd 2014, many people had questions about the in-memory database features in SQL Server 2014. A common question is how an in-memory database is different from having a database on a SQL Server with an amount of ram far greater than the size of the database. In-memory or memory optimized tables have different data structures and are accessed differently using a latch free and lock free approach that greatly improves performance. This provides part of the performance improvement. The rest...(read more)

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• [Speaking] PowerShell at the PASS Summit

  - by AllenMWhite

  Next week is the annual PASS Summit , the event of the year for those of us in the SQL Server community. We get to see our old friends, make new friends, and learn an amazing amount about SQL Server, and it'll be in Seattle, so it's close to the mother ship. I love having Microsoft close, because it's easier to get to know the people who actually make this amazing product we spend our lives working with. This year I'm fortunate to have been selected to present three sessions. One is a regular session...(read more)

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• Test Preparation Materials

  - by GavinPayneUK

  I wrote an article on my personal blog a few weeks ago about my preparation for my first Microsoft exam, 70-432.  ( link )  Since then I’ve been reading and demo’ing all the relevant features of SQL Server in the hope that if I get questions on them I’ll be prepared. I’ve learnt a few things in the last couple of weeks, some good, some bad which I’ll now share. The first thing I found is that learning about how SQL Server works is fun and interesting, far better than spending an evening...(read more)

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• Just what comes in the box?

  - by GavinPayneUK

  As a SQL Server architect/consultant/advisor/advocate/you name it, one of my roles is to advise clients on the best solution for their requirements and their budget .  That last piece may seem like common sense but people often forget with SQL Server where the dividing line between the Standard and Enterprise editions sits.  Knowing what comes in each edition, or more commonly what doesn’t come in Standard Edition especially in the area of high availability, is critical for me when I’m...(read more)

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• Can't log in via SSH to any accounts set to use /bin/bash as a default shell

  - by Gui Ambros

  I'm trying to install bash as the default shell on a ARM Linux running on an embedded device (Synology DS212+ NAS). But there's something really wrong, and I can't figure out what it is. Symptoms: 1) Root has /bin/bash as default shell, and can log in normally via SSH: $ grep root /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash $ ssh root@NAS root@NAS's password: Last login: Sun Dec 16 14:06:56 2012 from desktop # 2) joeuser has /bin/bash as default shell, and receives "Permission denied" when trying to log in via SSH: $ grep joeuser /etc/passwd joeuser:x:1029:100:Joe User:/home/joeuser:/bin/bash $ ssh joeuser@localhost joeuser@NAS's password: Last login: Sun Dec 16 14:07:22 2012 from desktop Permission denied, please try again. Connection to localhost closed. 3) changing joeuser's shell back to /bin/sh: $ grep joeuser /etc/passwd joeuser:x:1029:100:Joe User:/home/joeuser:/bin/sh $ ssh joeuser@localhost Last login: Sun Dec 16 15:50:52 2012 from localhost $ To make things even more strange, I can log in as joeuser using /bin/bash using the serial console (!). Also a su - joeuser as root works fine, so the bash binary itself is working fine. In an act of despair, I changed joeuser's uid to 0 on /etc/passwd, but also didn't work, so it doesn't seem to be anything permission related. Seems that bash is doing some extra checking that sshd didn't like, and blocking the connections for non-root users. Maybe some sort of sanity checking - or terminal emulation - that is triggering the SIGCHLD, but only when called via ssh. I already went through every single item on sshd_config, and also put SSHD in debug mode, but didn't find anything strange. Here's my /etc/ssh/sshd_config: LogLevel DEBUG LoginGraceTime 2m PermitRootLogin yes RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys ChallengeResponseAuthentication no UsePAM yes AllowTcpForwarding no ChrootDirectory none Subsystem sftp internal-sftp -f DAEMON -u 000 And here's the output from /usr/syno/sbin/sshd -d, showing the failed attempt of joeuser trying to log in, with /bin/bash as the shell: debug1: Config token is loglevel debug1: Config token is logingracetime debug1: Config token is permitrootlogin debug1: Config token is rsaauthentication debug1: Config token is pubkeyauthentication debug1: Config token is authorizedkeysfile debug1: Config token is challengeresponseauthentication debug1: Config token is usepam debug1: Config token is allowtcpforwarding debug1: Config token is chrootdirectory debug1: Config token is subsystem debug1: HPN Buffer Size: 87380 debug1: sshd version OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA debug1: private host key: #0 type 1 RSA debug1: read PEM private key done: type DSA debug1: private host key: #1 type 2 DSA debug1: read PEM private key done: type ECDSA debug1: private host key: #2 type 3 ECDSA debug1: rexec_argv[0]='/usr/syno/sbin/sshd' debug1: rexec_argv[1]='-d' Set /proc/self/oom_adj from 0 to -17 debug1: Bind to port 22 on ::. debug1: Server TCP RWIN socket size: 87380 debug1: HPN Buffer Size: 87380 Server listening on :: port 22. debug1: Bind to port 22 on 0.0.0.0. debug1: Server TCP RWIN socket size: 87380 debug1: HPN Buffer Size: 87380 Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22. debug1: Server will not fork when running in debugging mode. debug1: rexec start in 6 out 6 newsock 6 pipe -1 sock 9 debug1: inetd sockets after dupping: 4, 4 Connection from 127.0.0.1 port 52212 debug1: HPN Disabled: 0, HPN Buffer Size: 87380 debug1: Client protocol version 2.0; client software version OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 SSH: Server;Ltype: Version;Remote: 127.0.0.1-52212;Protocol: 2.0;Client: OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 debug1: permanently_set_uid: 1024/100 debug1: MYFLAG IS 1 debug1: list_hostkey_types: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: AUTH STATE IS 0 debug1: REQUESTED ENC.NAME is 'aes128-ctr' debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none SSH: Server;Ltype: Kex;Remote: 127.0.0.1-52212;Enc: aes128-ctr;MAC: hmac-md5;Comp: none debug1: REQUESTED ENC.NAME is 'aes128-ctr' debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: KEX done debug1: userauth-request for user joeuser service ssh-connection method none SSH: Server;Ltype: Authname;Remote: 127.0.0.1-52212;Name: joeuser debug1: attempt 0 failures 0 debug1: Config token is loglevel debug1: Config token is logingracetime debug1: Config token is permitrootlogin debug1: Config token is rsaauthentication debug1: Config token is pubkeyauthentication debug1: Config token is authorizedkeysfile debug1: Config token is challengeresponseauthentication debug1: Config token is usepam debug1: Config token is allowtcpforwarding debug1: Config token is chrootdirectory debug1: Config token is subsystem debug1: PAM: initializing for "joeuser" debug1: PAM: setting PAM_RHOST to "localhost" debug1: PAM: setting PAM_TTY to "ssh" debug1: userauth-request for user joeuser service ssh-connection method password debug1: attempt 1 failures 0 debug1: do_pam_account: called Accepted password for joeuser from 127.0.0.1 port 52212 ssh2 debug1: monitor_child_preauth: joeuser has been authenticated by privileged process debug1: PAM: establishing credentials User child is on pid 9129 debug1: Entering interactive session for SSH2. debug1: server_init_dispatch_20 debug1: server_input_channel_open: ctype session rchan 0 win 65536 max 16384 debug1: input_session_request debug1: channel 0: new [server-session] debug1: session_new: session 0 debug1: session_open: channel 0 debug1: session_open: session 0: link with channel 0 debug1: server_input_channel_open: confirm session debug1: server_input_global_request: rtype [email protected] want_reply 0 debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request pty-req reply 1 debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0 debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req pty-req debug1: Allocating pty. debug1: session_new: session 0 debug1: session_pty_req: session 0 alloc /dev/pts/1 debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request shell reply 1 debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0 debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req shell debug1: Setting controlling tty using TIOCSCTTY. debug1: Received SIGCHLD. debug1: session_by_pid: pid 9130 debug1: session_exit_message: session 0 channel 0 pid 9130 debug1: session_exit_message: release channel 0 debug1: session_by_tty: session 0 tty /dev/pts/1 debug1: session_pty_cleanup: session 0 release /dev/pts/1 Received disconnect from 127.0.0.1: 11: disconnected by user debug1: do_cleanup debug1: do_cleanup debug1: PAM: cleanup debug1: PAM: closing session debug1: PAM: deleting credentials Here you have the full output of sshd -dd, together with ssh -vv. Bash: # bash --version GNU bash, version 3.2.49(1)-release (arm-none-linux-gnueabi) Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. The bash binary was cross compiled from source. I also tried using a pre-compiled binary from the Optware distribution, but had the exact same problem. I checked for missing shared libraries using objdump -x, but they're all there. Any ideas what could be causing this "Permission denied, please try again."? I'm almost diving in the bash source code to investigate, but trying to avoid hours chasing something that may be silly.

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