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  • setting up linked list Java

    - by erp
    I'm working on some basic linked list stuff, like insert, delete, go to the front or end of the list, and basically i understand the concept of all of that stuff once i have the list i guess but im having trouble setting up the list. I was wondering of you guys could tell me if im going in the right direction. (mostly just the setup) this is what i have so far: public class List { private int size; private List linkedList; List head; List cur; List next; /** * Creates an empty list. * @pre * @post */ public List(){ linkedList = new List(); this.head = null; cur = head; } /** * Delete the current element from this list. The element after the deleted element becomes the new current. * If that's not possible, then the element before the deleted element becomes the new current. * If that is also not possible, then you need to recognize what state the list is in and define current accordingly. * Nothing should be done if a delete is not possible. * @pre * @post */ public void delete(){ // delete size--; } /** * Get the value of the current element. If this is not possible, throw an IllegalArgumentException. * @pre the list is not empty * @post * @return value of the current element. */ public char get(){ return getItem(cur); } /** * Go to the last element of the list. If this is not possible, don't change the cursor. * @pre * @post */ public void goLast(){ while (cur.next != null){ cur = cur.next; } } /** * Advance the cursor to the next element. If this is not possible, don't change the cursor. * @pre * @post */ public void goNext(){ if(cur.next != null){ cur = cur.next;} //else do nothing } /** * Retreat the cursor to the previous element. If this is not possible, don't change the cursor. * @pre * @post */ public void goPrev(){ } /** * Go to top of the list. This is the position before the first element. * @pre * @post */ public void goTop(){ } /** * Go to first element of the list. If this is not possible, don't change the cursor. * @pre * @post */ public void goFirst(){ } /** * Insert the given parameter after the current element. The newly inserted element becomes the current element. * @pre * @post * @param newVal : value to insert after the current element. */ public void insert(char newVal){ cur.setItem(newVal); size++; } /** * Determines if this list is empty. Empty means this list has no elements. * @pre * @post * @return true if the list is empty. */ public boolean isEmpty(){ return head == null; } /** * Determines the size of the list. The size of the list is the number of elements in the list. * @pre * @post * @return size which is the number of elements in the list. */ public int size(){ return size; } public class Node { private char item; private Node next; public Node() { } public Node(char item) { this.item = item; } public Node(char item, Node next) { this.item = item; this.next = next; } public char getItem() { return this.item; } public void setItem(char item) { this.item = item; } public Node getNext() { return this.next; } public void setNext(Node next) { this.next = next; } } } I got the node class alright (well i think it works alright), but is it necessary to even have that class? or can i go about it without even using it (just curious). And for example on the method get() in the list class can i not call that getItem() method from the node class because it's getting an error even though i thought that was the whole point for the node class. bottom line i just wanna make sure im setting up the list right. Thanks for any help guys, im new to linked list's so bear with me!

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  • socket connection failed, telnet OK

    - by cf16
    my problem is that I can't connect two comps through socket (windows xp and windows7) although the server created with socket is listening and I can telnet it. It receives then information and does what should be done, but if I run the corresponding socket client I get error 10061. Moreover I am behind firewall - these two comps are running within my LAN, the windows firewalls are turned off, comp1: 192.168.1.2 port 12345 comp1: 192.168.1.6 port 12345 router: 192.168.1.1 Maybe port forwarding could help? But most important for me is to answer why Sockets fail if telnet works fine. client: int main(){ // Initialize Winsock. WSADATA wsaData; int iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData); if (iResult != NO_ERROR) printf("Client: Error at WSAStartup().\n"); else printf("Client: WSAStartup() is OK.\n"); // Create a socket. SOCKET m_socket; m_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); if (m_socket == INVALID_SOCKET){ printf("Client: socket() - Error at socket(): %ld\n", WSAGetLastError()); WSACleanup(); return 7; }else printf("Client: socket() is OK.\n"); // Connect to a server. sockaddr_in clientService; clientService.sin_family = AF_INET; //clientService.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("77.64.240.156"); clientService.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.5"); //clientService.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("87.207.222.5"); clientService.sin_port = htons(12345); if (connect(m_socket, (SOCKADDR*)&clientService, sizeof(clientService)) == SOCKET_ERROR){ printf("Client: connect() - Failed to connect.\n"); wprintf(L"connect function failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError()); iResult = closesocket(m_socket); if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) wprintf(L"closesocket function failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError()); WSACleanup(); return 6; } // Send and receive data int bytesSent; int bytesRecv = SOCKET_ERROR; // Be careful with the array bound, provide some checking mechanism char sendbuf[200] = "Client: Sending some test string to server..."; char recvbuf[200] = ""; bytesSent = send(m_socket, sendbuf, strlen(sendbuf), 0); printf("Client: send() - Bytes Sent: %ld\n", bytesSent); while(bytesRecv == SOCKET_ERROR){ bytesRecv = recv(m_socket, recvbuf, 32, 0); if (bytesRecv == 0 || bytesRecv == WSAECONNRESET){ printf("Client: Connection Closed.\n"); break; }else printf("Client: recv() is OK.\n"); if (bytesRecv < 0) return 0; else printf("Client: Bytes received - %ld.\n", bytesRecv); } system("pause"); return 0; } server: int main(){ WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData={0}; int wsaerr; // Using MAKEWORD macro, Winsock version request 2.2 wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 2); wsaerr = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData); if (wsaerr != 0){ /* Tell the user that we could not find a usable WinSock DLL.*/ printf("Server: The Winsock dll not found!\n"); return 0; }else{ printf("Server: The Winsock dll found!\n"); printf("Server: The status: %s.\n", wsaData.szSystemStatus); } /* Confirm that the WinSock DLL supports 2.2.*/ /* Note that if the DLL supports versions greater */ /* than 2.2 in addition to 2.2, it will still return */ /* 2.2 in wVersion since that is the version we */ /* requested. */ if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 ){ /* Tell the user that we could not find a usable WinSock DLL.*/ printf("Server: The dll do not support the Winsock version %u.%u!\n", LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion), HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion)); WSACleanup(); return 0; }else{ printf("Server: The dll supports the Winsock version %u.%u!\n", LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion), HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion)); printf("Server: The highest version this dll can support: %u.%u\n", LOBYTE(wsaData.wHighVersion), HIBYTE(wsaData.wHighVersion)); } //////////Create a socket//////////////////////// //Create a SOCKET object called m_socket. SOCKET m_socket; // Call the socket function and return its value to the m_socket variable. // For this application, use the Internet address family, streaming sockets, and the TCP/IP protocol. // using AF_INET family, TCP socket type and protocol of the AF_INET - IPv4 m_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); // Check for errors to ensure that the socket is a valid socket. if (m_socket == INVALID_SOCKET){ printf("Server: Error at socket(): %ld\n", WSAGetLastError()); WSACleanup(); //return 0; }else{ printf("Server: socket() is OK!\n"); } ////////////////bind////////////////////////////// // Create a sockaddr_in object and set its values. sockaddr_in service; // AF_INET is the Internet address family. service.sin_family = AF_INET; // "127.0.0.1" is the local IP address to which the socket will be bound. service.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);//inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//htons(INADDR_ANY); //inet_addr("192.168.1.2"); // 55555 is the port number to which the socket will be bound. // using the htons for big-endian service.sin_port = htons(12345); // Call the bind function, passing the created socket and the sockaddr_in structure as parameters. // Check for general errors. if (bind(m_socket, (SOCKADDR*)&service, sizeof(service)) == SOCKET_ERROR){ printf("Server: bind() failed: %ld.\n", WSAGetLastError()); closesocket(m_socket); //return 0; }else{ printf("Server: bind() is OK!\n"); } // Call the listen function, passing the created socket and the maximum number of allowed // connections to accept as parameters. Check for general errors. if (listen(m_socket, 1) == SOCKET_ERROR) printf("Server: listen(): Error listening on socket %ld.\n", WSAGetLastError()); else{ printf("Server: listen() is OK, I'm waiting for connections...\n"); } // Create a temporary SOCKET object called AcceptSocket for accepting connections. SOCKET AcceptSocket; // Create a continuous loop that checks for connections requests. If a connection // request occurs, call the accept function to handle the request. printf("Server: Waiting for a client to connect...\n"); printf("***Hint: Server is ready...run your client program...***\n"); // Do some verification... while (1){ AcceptSocket = SOCKET_ERROR; while (AcceptSocket == SOCKET_ERROR){ AcceptSocket = accept(m_socket, NULL, NULL); } // else, accept the connection... note: now it is wrong implementation !!!!!!!! !! !! (only 1 char) // When the client connection has been accepted, transfer control from the // temporary socket to the original socket and stop checking for new connections. printf("Server: Client Connected! Mammamija. \n"); m_socket = AcceptSocket; char recvBuf[200]=""; char * rc=recvBuf; int bytesRecv=recv(m_socket,recvBuf,64,0); if(bytesRecv==0 || bytesRecv==WSAECONNRESET){ cout<<"server: connection closed.\n"; }else{ cout<<"server: recv() is OK.\n"; if(bytesRecv<0){ return 0; }else{ printf("server: bytes received: %ld.\n",recvBuf); } }

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  • Nhibernate exception - No persister for

    - by Muhammad Akhtar
    I am getting exception when calling Stored Procedure using Nhibernate and here is the exception No persister for: ReleaseDAL.ProgressBars, ReleaseDAL, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null here is class file public class ProgressBars { public ProgressBars() { } private Int32 _Tot; private Int32 _subtot; public virtual Int32 Tot {get { return _Tot; } set { _Tot = value; } } public virtual Int32 subtot { get { return _subtot; } set { _subtot = value; }} } here is my mapping file <hibernate-mapping xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" assembly="ReleaseDAL" namespace="ReleaseDAL" > <sql-query name="ps_getProgressBarData1" > <return alias="ProgressBars" class="ProgressBars"> <return-property name="Tot" column="Tot"/> <return-property name="subtot" column="subtot"/> </return> exec ps_getProgressBarData1 </sql-query> </hibernate-mapping> Calling Code public List<ProgressBars> getProgressBarData1(Guid ReleaseId) { ISession session = NHibernateHelper.GetCurrentSession(); List< ProgressBars> progressBar = (List<ProgressBars>)session.GetNamedQuery("ps_getProgressBarData1").List<ProgressBars>(); NHibernateHelper.CloseSession(); return progressBar; } I am introuble due to this exception, I did lot Google but no success, Please give idea to solve this problem. Thanks.........

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  • Specifying the bounce-back address for email

    - by Kirk Broadhurst
    I'm having a problem getting emails to bounce to a specific email address, different to the From address. A particular client requires that we send emails from a specific email address (call it [email protected]). Our Exchange admins have created an account on the Exchange box so that we can log in and send from that address. Our Exchange server is spoofing that address / domain. This works fine. Unfortunately the emails sent from [email protected] are not bouncing back to us. They are presumably bouncing back to the contact account at clientcompany.com (which may or may not exist). I've inserted a header [email protected] with the assumption that this field determines where bouncebacks are sent. Other documents indicate that this field should never be populated by the originating SMTP system. Other websites again talk about a field called Errors-To which is apparently non-standard. So - which field is the correct one, and what does it depend on? Any ideas why my Return-Path is not working? I'd really like to get Exchange to correctly bounce a message addressed to an invalid server! update: Continuing to dig, and my Return-Path work was only adding an extended property at the end of the header block, but Exchange appears to be still adding its own Return-Path value at the top. Delivered-To: [email protected] Received: by 1.1.1.1 with SMTP ... Return-Path: <[email protected]> Received: from ... ... ... Subject: Test Message-ID: ... Return-Path: [email protected] According to the Microsoft.com, I cannot set the Return-Path as it is determined by the MAIL FROM - which seems consistent with what I've previously read. But now I'm stuck - how do I change this MAIL FROM value programmatically within Exchange 2007?

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  • Why does gdb show two different returns?

    - by YuppieNetworking
    Hello all, Last week I was a debugging a code and a weird situation came up: gdb passes through two different return clauses. I made a simple example that illustrates the situation: #include <iostream> using namespace std; int test() { string a = "asd"; string b = "asd"; while (true) { if (a == b) { return 0; } } return -1; } int main() { int result = test(); cout << "result: " << result << endl; } When debugging the code I got: (gdb) b main Breakpoint 1 at 0x1d4c: file example.cpp, line 19. (gdb) r Starting program: /Users/yuppienet/temp/a.out Reading symbols for shared libraries +++. done Breakpoint 1, main () at example.cpp:19 19 int result = test(); (gdb) s test () at example.cpp:7 7 string a = "asd"; (gdb) n 8 string b = "asd"; (gdb) n 11 if (a == b) { (gdb) n 12 return 0; (gdb) n 15 return -1; (gdb) n 16 } (gdb) n main () at example.cpp:20 20 cout << "result: " << result << endl; (gdb) n result: 0 21 } (gdb) n 0x00001ab2 in start () I noted that even if gdb shows line 15, the return value is 0 (the finish command confirms this as well). So the question is: why does gdb show line 15: return -1, even if the function is not really returning this value? Thanks!

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  • Is it possible to make a non-nullable column nullable when used in a view? (sql server)

    - by Matt
    Hi, To start off I have two tables, PersonNames and PersonNameVariations. When a name is searched, it finds the closest name to one of the ones available in PersonNames and records it in the PersonNameVariations table if it's not already in there. I am using a stored proc to search the PersonNames for a passed in PersonNameVariationand return the information on both the PersonName found and the PersonNameVariation that was compared to it. Since I am using the Entity Framework, I needed return a complex type in the Import Function but for some reason it says my current framework doesn't support it. My last option was to use an Entity to return in my stored proc instead. The result that I needed back is the information on both the PersonName that was found and the PersonNameVariation that was recorded. Since I cannot return both entities, I created a view PersonSearchVariationInfo and added it into my Entity Framework in order to use it as the entity to return. The problem is that the search will not always return a Person Name match. It needs to be able to return only the PersonNameVariation data in some cases, meaning that all the fields in the PersonSearchVariationInfo pertaining to PersonName need to be nullable. How can I take my view and make some of the fields nullable? When I do it directly in the Entity Framework I get a mapping error: Error 4 Error 3031: Problem in mapping fragments starting at line 1202:Non-nullable column myproject_vw_PersonSearchVariationInfo.DateAdded in table myproject_vw_PersonSearchVariationInfo is mapped to a nullable entity property. C:\Users\Administrator\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\MyProject\MyProject.Domain\EntityFramework\MyProjectDBEntities.edmx 1203 15 MyProject.Domain Anyone have any ideas? Thanks, Matt

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  • Hashtable comparator problem

    - by user288245
    Hi guys i've never written a comparator b4 and im having a real problem. I've created a hashtable. Hashtable <String, Objects> ht; Could someone show how you'd write a comparator for a Hashtable? the examples i've seen overide equals and everything but i simply dont have a clue. The code below is not mine but an example i found, the key thing in hashtables means i cant do it like this i guess. public class Comparator implements Comparable<Name> { private final String firstName, lastName; public void Name(String firstName, String lastName) { if (firstName == null || lastName == null) throw new NullPointerException(); this.firstName = firstName; this.lastName = lastName; } public String firstName() { return firstName; } public String lastName() { return lastName; } public boolean equals(Object o) { if (!(o instanceof Name)) return false; Name n = (Name)o; return n.firstName.equals(firstName) && n.lastName.equals(lastName); } public int hashCode() { return 31*firstName.hashCode() + lastName.hashCode(); } public String toString() { return firstName + " " + lastName; } public int compareTo(Name n) { int lastCmp = lastName.compareTo(n.lastName); return (lastCmp != 0 ? lastCmp : firstName.compareTo(n.firstName)); } }

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  • Javascript functional inheritance with prototypes

    - by cdmckay
    In Douglas Crockford's JavaScript: The Good Parts he recommends that we use functional inheritance. Here's an example: var mammal = function(spec, my) { var that = {}; my = my || {}; // Protected my.clearThroat = function() { return "Ahem"; }; that.getName = function() { return spec.name; }; that.says = function() { return my.clearThroat() + ' ' + spec.saying || ''; }; return that; } var cat = function(spec, my) { var that = {}; my = my || {}; spec.saying = spec.saying || 'meow'; that = mammal(spec, my); that.purr = function() { return my.clearThroat() + " purr"; }; that.getName = function() { return that.says() + ' ' + spec.name + ' ' + that.says(); }; return that; }; var kitty = cat({name: "Fluffy"}); The main issue I have with this is that every time I make a mammal or cat the JavaScript interpreter has to re-compile all the functions in it. That is, you don't get to share the code between instances. My question is: how do I make this code more efficient? For example, if I was making thousands of cat objects, what is the best way to modify this pattern to take advantage of the prototype object?

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  • Unable to generate a temporary class (result=1).\r\nerror CS0030:- c#

    - by ltech
    Running XSD.exe on my xml to generate C# class. All works well except on this property public DocumentATTRIBUTES[][] Document { get { return this.documentField; } set { this.documentField = value; } } I want to try and use CollectionBase, and this was my attempt public DocumentATTRIBUTESCollection Document { get { return this.documentField; } set { this.documentField = value; } } /// <remarks/> [System.SerializableAttribute()] [System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()] [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")] [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)] public partial class DocumentATTRIBUTES { private string _author; private string _maxVersions; private string _summary; /// <remarks/> [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)] public string author { get { return _author; } set { _author = value; } } /// <remarks/> [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)] public string max_versions { get { return _maxVersions; } set { _maxVersions = value; } } /// <remarks/> [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)] public string summary { get { return _summary; } set { _summary = value; } } } public class DocumentAttributeCollection : System.Collections.CollectionBase { public DocumentAttributeCollection() : base() { } public DocumentATTRIBUTES this[int index] { get { return (DocumentATTRIBUTES)this.InnerList[index]; } } public void Insert(int index, DocumentATTRIBUTES value) { this.InnerList.Insert(index, value); } public int Add(DocumentATTRIBUTES value) { return (this.InnerList.Add(value)); } } However when I try to serialize my object using XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(DocumentMetaData)); I get the error: {"Unable to generate a temporary class (result=1).\r\nerror CS0030: Cannot convert type 'DocumentATTRIBUTES' to 'DocumentAttributeCollection'\r\nerror CS1502: The best overloaded method match for 'DocumentAttributeCollection.Add(DocumentATTRIBUTES)' has some invalid arguments\r\nerror CS1503: Argument '1': cannot convert from 'DocumentAttributeCollection' to 'DocumentATTRIBUTES'\r\n"}

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  • In JQGrid I want to add a row button that doesnt post back.

    - by snyder
    The buttons I have added to the rows still post back even if I specifiy not to do so in the onclick method of the button (onclick=' return false;'). I supose its the grid doing the post back? I am tring to prevent the postback and show my own custom popup forms. gridComplete: function(){ var ids = $('#jqGridControl1').jqGrid('getDataIDs'); for(var i=0;i < ids.length;i++){ var rowid = ids[i]; de = "<input type='image' title='Delete this record.' src='../images/icn_delete.gif' onclick=' return false;' style='border-width:0px;'/>"; ee = "<input type='image' title='Edit this record.' src='../images/icn_edit.gif' onclick=' return false;' style='border-width:0px;' />"; ve = "<input type='image' title='View related information.' src='../images/house.gif' onclick='return false;' style='border-width:0px;' />"; pe = "<input type='image' title='Print' src='../images/icn_printer.gif' onclick=' return false;' style='border-width:0px;' />"; je = "<input type='image' title='Appointment' src='../images/icn_journal.gif' onclick=' return false;' style='border-width:0px;' />"; se = "<input type='image' title='Select' src='../images/icn_select.gif' onclick=' return false;' style='border-width:0px;' />"; jQuery('#jqGridControl1').jqGrid('setRowData',ids[i],{act:de+ee+ve+pe+je+se}); }

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  • Django: Odd mark_safe behaviour?

    - by Mark
    I wrote this little function for writing out HTML tags: def html_tag(tag, content=None, close=True, attrs={}): lst = ['<',tag] for key, val in attrs.iteritems(): lst.append(' %s="%s"' % (key, escape_html(val))) if close: if content is None: lst.append(' />') else: lst.extend(['>', content, '</', tag, '>']) else: lst.append('>') return mark_safe(''.join(lst)) Which worked great, but then I read this article on efficient string concatenation (I know it doesn't really matter for this, but I wanted consistency) and decided to update my script: def html_tag(tag, body=None, close=True, attrs={}): s = StringIO() s.write('<%s'%tag) for key, val in attrs.iteritems(): s.write(' %s="%s"' % (key, escape_html(val))) if close: if body is None: s.write(' />') else: s.write('>%s</%s>' % (body, tag)) else: s.write('>') return mark_safe(s.getvalue()) But now my HTML get escaped when I try to render it from my template. Everything else is exactly the same. It works properly if I replace the last line with return mark_safe(unicode(s.getvalue())). I checked the return type of s.getvalue(). It should be a str, just like the first function, so why is this failing?? Also fails with SafeString(s.getvalue()) but succeeds with SafeUnicode(s.getvalue()). I'd also like to point out that I used return mark_safe(s.getvalue()) in a different function with no odd behavior. The "call stack" looks like this: class Input(Widget): def render(self): return html_tag('input', attrs={'type':self.itype, 'id':self.id, 'name':self.name, 'value':self.value, 'class':self.itype}) class Field: def __unicode__(self): return mark_safe(self.widget.render()) And then {{myfield}} is in the template. So it does get mark_safed'd twice, which I thought might have been the problem, but I tried removing that too..... I really have no idea what's causing this, but it's not too hard to work around, so I guess I won't fret about it.

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  • FancyURLOpener failing since moving to python 3.1.2

    - by Andrew Shepherd
    I had an application that was downloading a .CSV file from a password-protected website then processing it futher. I was using FancyURLOpener, and simply hardcoding the username and password. (Obviously, security is not a high priority in this particular instance). Since downloading Python 3.1.2, this code has stopped working. Does anyone know of the changes that have happened to the implementation? Here is a cut down version of the code: import urllib.request; class TracOpener (urllib.request.FancyURLopener) : def prompt_user_passwd(self, host, realm) : return ('andrew_ee', '_my_unenctryped_password') csvUrl='http://mysite/report/19?format=csv@USER=fred_nukre' opener = TracOpener(); f = opener.open(csvUrl); s = f.read(); f.close(); s; For the sake of completeness, here's the entire call stack: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\reporting\download_csv_file.py", line 12, in <module> f = opener.open(csvUrl); File "C:\Program Files\Python31\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1454, in open return getattr(self, name)(url) File "C:\Program Files\Python31\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1628, in open_http return self._open_generic_http(http.client.HTTPConnection, url, data) File "C:\Program Files\Python31\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1624, in _open_generic_http response.status, response.reason, response.msg, data) File "C:\Program Files\Python31\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1640, in http_error result = method(url, fp, errcode, errmsg, headers) File "C:\Program Files\Python31\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1878, in http_error_401 return getattr(self,name)(url, realm) File "C:\Program Files\Python31\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1950, in retry_http_basic_auth return self.open(newurl) File "C:\Program Files\Python31\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1454, in open return getattr(self, name)(url) File "C:\Program Files\Python31\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1628, in open_http return self._open_generic_http(http.client.HTTPConnection, url, data) File "C:\Program Files\Python31\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1590, in _open_generic_http auth = base64.b64encode(user_passwd).strip() File "C:\Program Files\Python31\lib\base64.py", line 56, in b64encode raise TypeError("expected bytes, not %s" % s.__class__.__name__) TypeError: expected bytes, not str

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  • Android, FragmentActivity and prevent Swipe

    - by FIG-GHD742
    I use android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity for create a app with multi fragment/panels that can be access by drag/swipe between different part of the app. In one of my fragment I has a zoomable view and my problem is in case I is on the zoomable view I will prevent the use for drag/swipe to a other fragment. I has try to hack into android.support.v4.view.ViewPager for get the action from on Touch event but not work. I has try all of this case but not work: (All code is a a part of subclass to android.support.v4.view.ViewPager) Case 1: // Not working @Override protected void onPageScrolled(int position, float offset, int offsetPixels) { if (isPreventDrag()) { super.onPageScrolled(position, 1, 0); } else { super.onPageScrolled(position, offset, offsetPixels); } } Case 2: // Work but stop all event include the event to the target image view. @Override public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { switch (ev.getAction()) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: lastX = ev.getX(); // float lockScroll = false; return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev); case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: this.lockScroll = this.isPreventDrag(); break; } if (lockScroll) { ev.setLocation(lastX, ev.getY()); return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev); } else { return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev); } } Case 3: // Work good, but by some unknown error I can drag the screen // some pixels before this stop the event. @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { if (this.isPreventDrag()) { return true; } else { return super.onTouchEvent(ev); } } I want a easy way to deactivate stop or deactivate if the use is allow to switch to a other Fragment. Here is a working code for me, I don't know what error I do before. // This work for me, @Override public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) { if (this.isPreventDrag()) { return false; } else { return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev); } }

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  • Is the salt contained in a phpass hash or do you need to salt its input?

    - by Exception e
    phpass is a widely used hashing 'framework'. Is it good practice to salt the plain password before giving it to PasswordHash (v0.2), like so?: $dynamicSalt = $record['salt']; $staticSalt = 'i5ininsfj5lt4hbfduk54fjbhoxc80sdf'; $plainPassword = $_POST['password']; $password = $plainPassword . $dynamicSalt . $staticSalt; $passwordHash = new PasswordHash(8, false); $storedPassword = $passwordHash->HashPassword($password); For reference the phpsalt class: # Portable PHP password hashing framework. # # Version 0.2 / genuine. # # Written by Solar Designer <solar at openwall.com> in 2004-2006 and placed in # the public domain. # # # class PasswordHash { var $itoa64; var $iteration_count_log2; var $portable_hashes; var $random_state; function PasswordHash($iteration_count_log2, $portable_hashes) { $this->itoa64 = './0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'; if ($iteration_count_log2 < 4 || $iteration_count_log2 > 31) $iteration_count_log2 = 8; $this->iteration_count_log2 = $iteration_count_log2; $this->portable_hashes = $portable_hashes; $this->random_state = microtime() . getmypid(); } function get_random_bytes($count) { $output = ''; if (is_readable('/dev/urandom') && ($fh = @fopen('/dev/urandom', 'rb'))) { $output = fread($fh, $count); fclose($fh); } if (strlen($output) < $count) { $output = ''; for ($i = 0; $i < $count; $i += 16) { $this->random_state = md5(microtime() . $this->random_state); $output .= pack('H*', md5($this->random_state)); } $output = substr($output, 0, $count); } return $output; } function encode64($input, $count) { $output = ''; $i = 0; do { $value = ord($input[$i++]); $output .= $this->itoa64[$value & 0x3f]; if ($i < $count) $value |= ord($input[$i]) << 8; $output .= $this->itoa64[($value >> 6) & 0x3f]; if ($i++ >= $count) break; if ($i < $count) $value |= ord($input[$i]) << 16; $output .= $this->itoa64[($value >> 12) & 0x3f]; if ($i++ >= $count) break; $output .= $this->itoa64[($value >> 18) & 0x3f]; } while ($i < $count); return $output; } function gensalt_private($input) { $output = '$P$'; $output .= $this->itoa64[min($this->iteration_count_log2 + ((PHP_VERSION >= '5') ? 5 : 3), 30)]; $output .= $this->encode64($input, 6); return $output; } function crypt_private($password, $setting) { $output = '*0'; if (substr($setting, 0, 2) == $output) $output = '*1'; if (substr($setting, 0, 3) != '$P$') return $output; $count_log2 = strpos($this->itoa64, $setting[3]); if ($count_log2 < 7 || $count_log2 > 30) return $output; $count = 1 << $count_log2; $salt = substr($setting, 4, 8); if (strlen($salt) != 8) return $output; # We're kind of forced to use MD5 here since it's the only # cryptographic primitive available in all versions of PHP # currently in use. To implement our own low-level crypto # in PHP would result in much worse performance and # consequently in lower iteration counts and hashes that are # quicker to crack (by non-PHP code). if (PHP_VERSION >= '5') { $hash = md5($salt . $password, TRUE); do { $hash = md5($hash . $password, TRUE); } while (--$count); } else { $hash = pack('H*', md5($salt . $password)); do { $hash = pack('H*', md5($hash . $password)); } while (--$count); } $output = substr($setting, 0, 12); $output .= $this->encode64($hash, 16); return $output; } function gensalt_extended($input) { $count_log2 = min($this->iteration_count_log2 + 8, 24); # This should be odd to not reveal weak DES keys, and the # maximum valid value is (2**24 - 1) which is odd anyway. $count = (1 << $count_log2) - 1; $output = '_'; $output .= $this->itoa64[$count & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->itoa64[($count >> 6) & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->itoa64[($count >> 12) & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->itoa64[($count >> 18) & 0x3f]; $output .= $this->encode64($input, 3); return $output; } function gensalt_blowfish($input) { # This one needs to use a different order of characters and a # different encoding scheme from the one in encode64() above. # We care because the last character in our encoded string will # only represent 2 bits. While two known implementations of # bcrypt will happily accept and correct a salt string which # has the 4 unused bits set to non-zero, we do not want to take # chances and we also do not want to waste an additional byte # of entropy. $itoa64 = './ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789'; $output = '$2a$'; $output .= chr(ord('0') + $this->iteration_count_log2 / 10); $output .= chr(ord('0') + $this->iteration_count_log2 % 10); $output .= '$'; $i = 0; do { $c1 = ord($input[$i++]); $output .= $itoa64[$c1 >> 2]; $c1 = ($c1 & 0x03) << 4; if ($i >= 16) { $output .= $itoa64[$c1]; break; } $c2 = ord($input[$i++]); $c1 |= $c2 >> 4; $output .= $itoa64[$c1]; $c1 = ($c2 & 0x0f) << 2; $c2 = ord($input[$i++]); $c1 |= $c2 >> 6; $output .= $itoa64[$c1]; $output .= $itoa64[$c2 & 0x3f]; } while (1); return $output; } function HashPassword($password) { $random = ''; if (CRYPT_BLOWFISH == 1 && !$this->portable_hashes) { $random = $this->get_random_bytes(16); $hash = crypt($password, $this->gensalt_blowfish($random)); if (strlen($hash) == 60) return $hash; } if (CRYPT_EXT_DES == 1 && !$this->portable_hashes) { if (strlen($random) < 3) $random = $this->get_random_bytes(3); $hash = crypt($password, $this->gensalt_extended($random)); if (strlen($hash) == 20) return $hash; } if (strlen($random) < 6) $random = $this->get_random_bytes(6); $hash = $this->crypt_private($password, $this->gensalt_private($random)); if (strlen($hash) == 34) return $hash; # Returning '*' on error is safe here, but would _not_ be safe # in a crypt(3)-like function used _both_ for generating new # hashes and for validating passwords against existing hashes. return '*'; } function CheckPassword($password, $stored_hash) { $hash = $this->crypt_private($password, $stored_hash); if ($hash[0] == '*') $hash = crypt($password, $stored_hash); return $hash == $stored_hash; } }

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  • What would you like to correct and/or improve in this java implementation of Chain Of Responsibility

    - by Maciek Kreft
    package design.pattern.behavioral; import design.pattern.behavioral.ChainOfResponsibility.*; public class ChainOfResponsibility { public static class Chain { private Request[] requests = null; private Handler[] handlers = null; public Chain(Handler[] handlers, Request[] requests){ this.handlers = handlers; this.requests = requests; } public void start() { for(Request r : requests) for (Handler h : handlers) if(h.handle(r)) break; } } public static class Request { private int value; public Request setValue(int value){ this.value = value; return this; } public int getValue() { return value; } } public static class Handler<T1> { private Lambda<T1> lambda = null; private Lambda<T1> command = null; public Handler(Lambda<T1> condition, Lambda<T1> command) { this.lambda = condition; this.command = command; } public boolean handle(T1 request) { if (lambda.lambda(request)) command.lambda(request); return lambda.lambda(request); } } public static abstract class Lambda<T1>{ public abstract Boolean lambda(T1 request); } } class TestChainOfResponsibility { public static void main(String[] args) { new TestChainOfResponsibility().test(); } private void test() { new Chain(new Handler[]{ // chain of responsibility new Handler<Request>( new Lambda<Request>(){ // command public Boolean lambda(Request condition) { return condition.getValue() >= 600; } }, new Lambda<Request>(){ public Boolean lambda(Request command) { System.out.println("You are rich: " + command.getValue() + " (id: " + command.hashCode() + ")"); return true; } } ), new Handler<Request>( new Lambda<Request>(){ public Boolean lambda(Request condition) { return condition.getValue() >= 100; } }, new Lambda<Request>(){ public Boolean lambda(Request command) { System.out.println("You are poor: " + command.getValue() + " (id: " + command.hashCode() + ")"); return true; } } ), }, new Request[]{ new Request().setValue(600), // chaining method new Request().setValue(100), } ).start(); } }

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  • Using Pragma in Oracle Package Body

    - by asalamon74
    I'd like to create an Oracle Package and two functions in it: A public function ( function_public ) and a private one ( function_private ). The public function calls the private one. I'd like to add the same pragma to the functions: WNDS, WNPS. Without the pragma I can create a code like this: CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE PRAGMA_TEST AS FUNCTION function_public(x IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2; END PRAGMA_TEST; CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY PRAGMA_TEST AS FUNCTION function_private(y IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS BEGIN -- code END; FUNCTION function_public(x IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS BEGIN -- code -- here is a call for function_private -- code END; END PRAGMA_TEST; If I'd like to add WNDS, WNPS pragma to function_public I should also add the same pragma to function_private because function_public calls function_private. It seems to me pragma can be used only in the package declaration, and not in package body, so I have to declare function_private in the package as well: CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE PRAGMA_TEST AS FUNCTION function_private(y IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2; PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES( function_private, WNDS, WNPS); FUNCTION function_public(x IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2; PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES( function_public, WNDS, WNPS); END PRAGMA_TEST; CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY PRAGMA_TEST AS FUNCTION function_private(y IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS BEGIN -- code END; FUNCTION function_public(x IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS BEGIN -- code -- here is a call for function_private -- code END; END PRAGMA_TEST; This solution makes my function_private public as well. Is there a solution to add pragma to a function which can be found only in the package body?

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  • C# DllImport with c++ const char* not working correctly

    - by Shammah
    I have the following function in a C++ DLL extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) bool Exist(const char* name) { //if (g_Queues.find(name) != g_Queues.end()) // return true; //else // return false; return false; } Inside my C# class I have the following: [DllImport("Whisper.dll", EntryPoint="Exist", CallingConvention=CallingConvention.Cdecl)] public static extern bool Exist(string name); Yet, whenever I call my function it ALWAYS returns true, even when I commented out my little function and made it return false. I have the feeling there is something wrong with my calling convention or any other issue with P/Invoking my DLL, probably corresponding with the string and const char*, but for now I am completely clueless. What am I doing wrong? Why does it return true instead of false? EDIT: I have figured out this has nothing to do with the const char* or string, because the problem persists with an empty function. I've tried changing the calling convention between Cdecl and StdCall and neither work correctly. I've also managed to debug my DLL and it's being called correctly and does indeed return false, but once back into C# it somehow is true. Changing the CharSet also had no effect. I've made sure I've supplied my C# program with the latest and correct version of my DLL each time, so that shouldn't be an issue aswell. Again, I am completely clueless on why the result is true when I'm in fact returning false. EDIT2: SOReader provided me with a suggestion which fixes another important issue, see my comment. Sadly, it does not fix the return issue.

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  • C++ error: expected initializer before ‘&’ token

    - by Werner
    Hi, the following piece of C++ code compiled two years ago in a suse 10.1 Linux machine. #ifndef DATA_H #define DATA_H #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> inline double sqr(double x) { return x*x; } enum Direction { X,Y,Z }; inline Direction next(const Direction d) { switch(d) { case X: return Y; case Y: return Z; case Z: return X; } } inline ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const Direction d) { switch(d) { case X: return os << "X"; case Y: return os << "Y"; case Z: return os << "Z"; } } ... ... Now, I am trying to compile it on Ubuntu 9.10 and I get the error: data.h:20: error: expected initializer before ‘&’ token which is referred to the line of: inline ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const Direction d) the g++ used on this machine is: Using built-in specs. Target: x86_64-linux-gnu Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 4.4.1-4ubuntu9' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.4/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --enable-shared --enable-multiarch --enable-linker-build-id --with-system-zlib --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.4 --program-suffix=-4.4 --enable-nls --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-objc-gc --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i486 --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu Thread model: posix gcc version 4.4.1 (Ubuntu 4.4.1-4ubuntu9) Could you give me some hint about this error? Thanks

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  • calling template function without <>; type inference

    - by Oops
    Hi, if I have a function template with typename T, where the compiler can set the type by itself, I do not have to write the type explicitely when I call the function like: template < typename T > T min( T v1, T v2 ) { return ( v1 < v2 ) ? v1: v2; } int i1 = 1, i2 = 2; int i3 = min( i1, i2 ); //no explicit <type> but if I have a function template with two different typenames like... template < typename TOut, typename TIn > TOut round( TIn v ) { return (TOut)( v + 0.5 ); } double d = 1.54; int i = round<int>(d); //explicit <int> Is it true that I have to specify at least 1 typename, always? I assume the reason is because C++ can not distinguish functions between different return types, true? but if I use a void function and handover a reference, again I must not explicitely specify the return typename: template < typename TOut, typename TIn > void round( TOut & vret, TIn vin ) { vret = (TOut)(vin + 0.5); } double d = 1.54; int i; round(i, d); //no explicit <int> should the conclusion be to avoid functions with return and more prefer void functions that return via a reference when writing templates? Or is there a possibility to avoid explicitely writing the return type? something like "type inference" for templates... is "type inference" possible in C++0x? I hope I was not too unclear. many thanks in advance Oops

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  • Using pam_python in a script running with mod_python

    - by markys
    Hi ! I would like to develop a web interface to allow users of a Linux system to do certain tasks related to their account. I decided to write the backend of the site using Python and mod_python on Apache. To authenticate the users, I thought I could use python_pam to query the PAM service. I adapted the example bundled with the module and got this: # out is the output stream used to print debug def auth(username, password, out): def pam_conv(aut, query_list, user_data): out.write("Query list: " + str(query_list) + "\n") # List to store the responses to the different queries resp = [] for item in query_list: query, qtype = item # If PAM asks for an input, give the password if qtype == PAM.PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_ON or qtype == PAM.PAM_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF: resp.append((str(password), 0)) elif qtype == PAM.PAM_PROMPT_ERROR_MSG or qtype == PAM.PAM_PROMPT_TEXT_INFO: resp.append(('', 0)) out.write("Our response: " + str(resp) + "\n") return resp # If username of password is undefined, fail if username is None or password is None: return False service = 'login' pam_ = PAM.pam() pam_.start(service) # Set the username pam_.set_item(PAM.PAM_USER, str(username)) # Set the conversation callback pam_.set_item(PAM.PAM_CONV, pam_conv) try: pam_.authenticate() pam_.acct_mgmt() except PAM.error, resp: out.write("Error: " + str(resp) + "\n") return False except: return False # If we get here, the authentication worked return True My problem is that this function does not behave the same wether I use it in a simple script or through mod_python. To illustrate this, I wrote these simple cases: my_username = "markys" my_good_password = "lalala" my_bad_password = "lololo" def handler(req): req.content_type = "text/plain" req.write("1- " + str(auth(my_username,my_good_password,req) + "\n")) req.write("2- " + str(auth(my_username,my_bad_password,req) + "\n")) return apache.OK if __name__ == "__main__": print "1- " + str(auth(my_username,my_good_password,sys.__stdout__)) print "2- " + str(auth(my_username,my_bad_password,sys.__stdout__)) The result from the script is : Query list: [('Password: ', 1)] Our response: [('lalala', 0)] 1- True Query list: [('Password: ', 1)] Our response: [('lololo', 0)] Error: ('Authentication failure', 7) 2- False but the result from mod_python is : Query list: [('Password: ', 1)] Our response: [('lalala', 0)] Error: ('Authentication failure', 7) 1- False Query list: [('Password: ', 1)] Our response: [('lololo', 0)] Error: ('Authentication failure', 7) 2- False I don't understand why the auth function does not return the same value given the same inputs. Any idea where I got this wrong ? Here is the original script, if that could help you. Thanks a lot !

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  • Deserialize complex JSON (VB.NET)

    - by Ssstefan
    I'm trying to deserialize json returned by some directions API similar to Google Maps API. My JSON is as follows (I'm using VB.NET 2008): jsontext = { "version":0.3, "status":0, "route_summary": { "total_distance":300, "total_time":14, "start_point":"43", "end_point":"42" }, "route_geometry":[[51.025421,18.647631],[51.026131,18.6471],[51.027802,18.645639]], "route_instructions": [["Head northwest on 43",88,0,4,"88 m","NW",334.8],["Continue on 42",212,1,10,"0.2 km","NW",331.1,"C",356.3]] } So far I came up with the following code: Dim js As New System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer Dim lstTextAreas As Output_CloudMade() = js.Deserialize(Of Output_CloudMade())(jsontext) I'm not sure how to define complex class, i.e. Output_CloudMade. I'm trying something like: Public Class RouteSummary Private mTotalDist As Long Private mTotalTime As Long Private mStartPoint As String Private mEndPoint As String Public Property TotalDist() As Long Get Return mTotalDist End Get Set(ByVal value As Long) mTotalDist = value End Set End Property Public Property TotalTime() As Long Get Return mTotalTime End Get Set(ByVal value As Long) mTotalTime = value End Set End Property Public Property StartPoint() As String Get Return mStartPoint End Get Set(ByVal value As String) mStartPoint = value End Set End Property Public Property EndPoint() As String Get Return mEndPoint End Get Set(ByVal value As String) mEndPoint = value End Set End Property End Class Public Class Output_CloudMade Private mVersion As Double Private mStatus As Long Private mRSummary As RouteSummary 'Private mRGeometry As RouteGeometry 'Private mRInstructions As RouteInstructions Public Property Version() As Double Get Return mVersion End Get Set(ByVal value As Double) mVersion = value End Set End Property Public Property Status() As Long Get Return mStatus End Get Set(ByVal value As Long) mStatus = value End Set End Property Public Property Summary() As RouteSummary Get Return mRSummary End Get Set(ByVal value As RouteSummary) mRSummary = value End Set End Property 'Public Property Geometry() As String ' Get ' End Get ' Set(ByVal value As String) ' End Set 'End Property 'Public Property Instructions() As String ' Get ' End Get ' Set(ByVal value As String) ' End Set 'End Property End Class but it does not work. The problem is with complex properties, like route_summary. It is filled with "nothing". Other properties, like "status" or "version" are filled properly. Any ideas, how to define class for the above JSON? Can you share some working code for deserializing JSON in VB.NET? Thanks,

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  • How to detect whether there is a specific member variable in class?

    - by Kirill V. Lyadvinsky
    For creating algorithm template function I need to know whether x or X (and y or Y) in class that is template argument. It may by useful when using my function for MFC CPoint class or GDI+ PointF class or some others. All of them use different x in them. My solution could be reduces to the following code: template<int> struct TT {typedef int type;}; template<class P> bool Check_x(P p, typename TT<sizeof(&P::x)>::type b = 0) { return true; } template<class P> bool Check_x(P p, typename TT<sizeof(&P::X)>::type b = 0) { return false; } struct P1 {int x; }; struct P2 {float X; }; // it also could be struct P3 {unknown_type X; }; int main() { P1 p1 = {1}; P2 p2 = {1}; Check_x(p1); // must return true Check_x(p2); // must return false return 0; } But it does not compile in Visual Studio, while compiling in the GNU C++. With Visual Studio I could use the following template: template<class P> bool Check_x(P p, typename TT<&P::x==&P::x>::type b = 0) { return true; } template<class P> bool Check_x(P p, typename TT<&P::X==&P::X>::type b = 0) { return false; } But it does not compile in GNU C++. Is there universal solution? UPD: Structures P1 and P2 here are only for example. There are could be any classes with unknown members.

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  • How to add validation errors in the validation collection asp.net mvc?

    - by johndoe
    Inside my controller's action I have the following code: public ActionResult GridAction(string id) { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(id)) { // add errors to the errors collection and then return the view saying that you cannot select the dropdownlist value with the "Please Select" option } return View(); UPDATE: if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(id)) { // add error ModelState.AddModelError("GridActionDropDownList", "Please select an option"); return RedirectToAction("Orders"); } } UPDATE 2: Here is my updated code: @Html.DropDownListFor(x => x.SelectedGridAction, Model.GridActions,"Please Select") @Html.ValidationMessageFor(x => x.SelectedGridAction) The Model looks like the following: public class MyInvoicesViewModel { private List<SelectListItem> _gridActions; public int CurrentGridAction { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Please select an option")] public string SelectedGridAction { get; set; } public List<SelectListItem> GridActions { get { _gridActions = new List<SelectListItem>(); _gridActions.Add(new SelectListItem() { Text = "Export to Excel", Value = "1"}); return _gridActions; } } } And here is my controller action: public ActionResult GridAction(string id) { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(id)) { // add error ModelState.AddModelError("SelectedGridAction", "Please select an option"); return RedirectToAction("Orders"); } return View(); } Nothing happens! I am totally lost on this one! UPDATE 3: I am now using the following code but still the validation is not firing: public ActionResult GridAction(string id) { var myViewModel= new MyViewModel(); myViewModel.SelectedGridAction = id; // id is passed as null if (!ModelState.IsValid) { return View("Orders"); }

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  • C# reflection instantiation

    - by NickLarsen
    I am currently trying to create a generic instance factory for which takes an interface as the generic parameter (enforced in the constructor) and then lets you get instantiated objects which implement that interface from all types in all loaded assemblies. The current implementation is as follows:     public class InstantiationFactory     {         protected Type Type { get; set; }         public InstantiationFactory()         {             this.Type = typeof(T);             if (!this.Type.IsInterface)             {                 // is there a more descriptive exception to throw?                 throw new ArgumentException(/* Crafty message */);             }         }         public IEnumerable GetLoadedTypes()         {             // this line of code found in other stack overflow questions             var types = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies()                 .SelectMany(a = a.GetTypes())                 .Where(/* lambda to identify instantiable types which implement this interface */);             return types;         }         public IEnumerable GetImplementations(IEnumerable types)         {             var implementations = types.Where(/* lambda to identify instantiable types which implement this interface */                 .Select(x = CreateInstance(x));             return implementations;         }         public IEnumerable GetLoadedImplementations()         {             var loadedTypes = GetLoadedTypes();             var implementations = GetImplementations(loadedTypes);             return implementations;         }         private T CreateInstance(Type type)         {             T instance = default(T);             var constructor = type.GetConstructor(Type.EmptyTypes);             if (/* valid to instantiate test */)             {                 object constructed = constructor.Invoke(null);                 instance = (T)constructed;             }             return instance;         }     } It seems useful to me to have my CreateInstance(Type) function implemented as an extension method so I can reuse it later and simplify the code of my factory, but I can't figure out how to return a strongly typed value from that extension method. I realize I could just return an object:     public static class TypeExtensions     {         public object CreateInstance(this Type type)         {             var constructor = type.GetConstructor(Type.EmptyTypes);             return /* valid to instantiate test */ ? constructor.Invoke(null) : null;         }     } Is it possible to have an extension method create a signature per instance of the type it extends? My perfect code would be this, which avoids having to cast the result of the call to CreateInstance():     Type type = typeof(MyParameterlessConstructorImplementingType);     MyParameterlessConstructorImplementingType usable = type.CreateInstance();

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  • How can I find out if two arguments are instances of the same, but unknown class?

    - by Ingmar
    Let us say we have a method which accepts two arguments o1 and o2 of type Object and returns a boolean value. I want this method to return true only when the arguments are instances of the same class, e.g.: foo(new Integer(4),new Integer(5)); Should return true, however: foo(new SomeClass(), new SubtypeSomeClass()); should return false and also: foo(new Integer(3),"zoo"); should return false. I believe one way is to compare the fully qualified class names: public boolean foo(Object o1, Object o2){ Class<? extends Object> c1 = o1.getClass(); Class<? extends Object> c2 = o2.getClass(); if(c1.getName().equals(c2.getName()){ return true;} return false; } An alternative conditional statement would be : if (c1.isAssignableFrom(c2) && c2.isAssignableFrom(c1)){ return true; } The latter alternative is rather slow. Are there other alternatives to this problem?

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