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• How to Format Code in Research Reports

  - by RoseOfJericho

  I am currently writing a formal research report, and I'll be including code with this report. Question: Is there an accepted way of displaying code in research reports? I'm thinking both in terms of font, spacing, et cetera, and whether the code should be displayed inside the document, or in an appendix. The code will be JavaScript and PHP. None of the sections of code will be more than 25 lines (so they're mere snippets). There will be approx. half a dozen snippets. Each of the snippets will have a couple of paragraphs explaining what is happening in the code, and a discussion on its pros/cons. I have no contact with the body the report will be submitted to, and they have no published guidelines on how to format code (please do not question these points). Any help considered and appreciated.

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• Getting ROBOCOPY to return a "proper" exit code?

  - by Lasse V. Karlsen

  Is it possible to ask ROBOCOPY to exit with an exit code that indicates success or failure? I am using ROBOCOPY as part of my TeamCity build configurations, and having to add a step to just silence the exit code from ROBOCOPY seems silly to me. Basically, I have added this: EXIT /B 0 to the script that is being run. However, this of course masks any real problems that ROBOCOPY would return. Basically, I would like to have exit codes of 0 for SUCCESS and non-zero for FAILURE instead of the bit-mask that ROBOCOPY returns now. Or, if I can't have that, is there a simple sequence of batch commands that would translate the bit-mask of ROBOCOPY to a similar value?

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• How to share malicious source code?

  - by darma

  I have a client whose site (not one i developed) is infected by a trojan/malicious code. I have asked him to send me the dirty files in a zip but either gmail or unzipping is blocking them. I've tried text files and word files, and i'm suspecting many different file types will be blocked the same way, either by my mail client, anti-malware software, browser etc. (which is normal). Do you know a way he could share those lines so i can read them and do some research about the malicious source code? An image/screenshot of his text editor would be an idea but the files are long + i'd prefer to be able to copy/paste from them. Thank you!

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• Cannot use Alt code for Unicode character insertion any more

  - by Bergi

  I've been using the Alt code for the ellipsis, 8230, for some time now, in several applications. A few days ago it stopped working, and & is displayed instead of … when pressing Alt+8+2+3+0 (on numpad). This happened both on my desktop and on my laptop (where I use it with Fn). Both run on 64bit-Win-7 with code page 850, and both might have recently updated Windows and Opera 12. What could be the reason this input method got disabled, and how do I switch it back? Btw, I just found out that Alt+0+1+3+3 does work.

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• How can I learn to effectively write Pythonic code?

  - by Matt Fenwick

  I'm tired of getting downvoted and/or semi-rude comments on my Python answers, saying things like "this isn't Pythonic" or "that's not the Python way of doing things". To clarify, I'm not tired of getting corrected and downvoted, and I'm not tired of being wrong: I'm tired of feeling like there's a whole field of Python that I know nothing about, and seems to be implicit knowledge of experienced Python programmers. Doing a google search for "Pythonic" reveals a wide range of interpretations. The wikipedia page says: A common neologism in the Python community is pythonic, which can have a wide range of meanings related to program style. To say that code is pythonic is to say that it uses Python idioms well, that it is natural or shows fluency in the language. Likewise, to say of an interface or language feature that it is pythonic is to say that it works well with Python idioms, that its use meshes well with the rest of the language. It also discusses the term "unpythonic": In contrast, a mark of unpythonic code is that it attempts to write C++ (or Lisp, Perl, or Java) code in Python—that is, provides a rough transcription rather than an idiomatic translation of forms from another language. The concept of pythonicity is tightly bound to Python's minimalist philosophy of readability and avoiding the "there's more than one way to do it" approach. Unreadable code or incomprehensible idioms are unpythonic. I suspect one way to learn the Pythonic way is just to program in Python a whole bunch. But I bet I could write a bunch of crap and not improve that much without some guidance, whereas a good resource might speed up the learning process significantly. PEP 8 might be exactly what I'm looking for, or maybe not. I'm not sure; on the one hand it covers a lot of ground, but on the other hand, I feel like it's more suited as a reference for knowledgeable programmers than a tutorial for fresh 'uns. How do I get my foot in the Pythonic/Python way of doing things door?

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• What is the best approach for inline code comments?

  - by d1egoaz

  We are doing some refactoring to a 20 years old legacy codebase, and I'm having a discussion with my colleague about the comments format in the code (plsql, java). There is no a default format for comments, but in most cases people do something like this in the comment: // date (year, year-month, yyyy-mm-dd, dd/mm/yyyy), (author id, author name, author nickname) and comment the proposed format for future and past comments that I want is: // {yyyy-mm-dd}, unique_author_company_id, comment My colleague says that we only need the comment, and must reformat all past and future comments to this format: // comment My arguments: I say for maintenance reasons, it's important to know when and who did a change (even this information is in the SCM). The code is living, and for that reason has a history. Because without the change dates it's impossible to know when a change was introduced without open the SCM tool and search in the long object history. because the author is very important, a change of authors is more credible than a change of authory Agility reasons, no need to open and navigate through the SCM tool people would be more afraid to change something that someone did 15 years ago, than something that was recently created or changed. etc. My colleague's arguments: The history is in the SCM Developers must not be aware of the history of the code directly in the code Packages gets 15k lines long and unstructured comments make these packages harder to understand What do you think is the best approach? Or do you have a better approach to solve this problem?

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• How should I describe the process of learning someone else's code? (In an invoicing situation.)

  - by MattyG

  I have a contract to upgrade some in-house software for a large company. The company has requested multiple feature additions and a few bug fixes. This is my first freelance style job. First, I needed to become familiar with how the application worked - I learnt it as if I was a user. Next, I had to learn how the software worked. I started with broad concepts, and then narrowed down into necessary detail before working on each bug fix and feature. At least at the start of the project, it took me a lot longer to learn the existing code than it did to write the additional features. How can I describe the process of learning the existing code on the invoice? (This part of the company usually does things in-house, so doesn't have much experience dealing with software contractors like me, and I fear they may not understand the overhead of learning someone else's code). I don't want to just tack the learning time onto the actual feature upgrade, because in some cases this would make a 'simple task' look like it took me way too long. I want break the invoice into relevant steps, and communicate that I'm charging for the large overhead of learning someone else's code before being able to add my own to it. Is there a standard way of describing this sort of activity when billing for a job?

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• NetBeans Java code formatter: logical operators on new line

  - by mizipzor

  My code looks like this: if (firstCondition() && secondCondition()) { // ... code } The default settings for the code formatter in NetBeans wants to put the && on a new line, like this: if (firstCondition() && secondCondition()) { // ... code } The formatter works well so I would just like to find the setting so it doesnt change the code to the latter. Whats the setting called?

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• Unit Testing - not testable code converted to testable code

  - by imak

  I have read so many places is that if your code is not test-able that mean code is not well written. So that makes me start writing a code that is test-able and to start using some unit testing framework. With this though I start looking for some example with piece of code that is not testable and gradually converted to a testable code. I find tons of examples on unit testing but if someone can provide an example like above it probably can jump start things for me. TIA

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• How to train yourself to avoid writing “clever” code?

  - by Dan Abramov

  Do you know that feeling when you just need to show off that new trick with Expressions or generalize three different procedures? This does not have to be on Architecture Astronaut scale and in fact may be helpful but I can't help but notice someone else would implement the same class or package in a more clear, straightforward (and sometimes boring) manner. I noticed I often design programs by oversolving the problem, sometimes deliberately and sometimes out of boredom. In either case, I usually honestly believe my solution is crystal clear and elegant, until I see evidence to the contrary but it's usually too late. There is also a part of me that prefers undocumented assumptions to code duplication, and cleverness to simplicity. What can I do to resist the urge to write “cleverish” code and when should the bell ring that I am Doing It Wrong? The problem is getting even more pushing as I'm now working with a team of experienced developers, and sometimes my attempts at writing smart code seem foolish even to myself after time dispels the illusion of elegance.

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• Are there code reviews in opensource projects? If so, what tools are used to do this?

  - by monksy

  I know there is a big push for code reviews in commercial development. However, are code reviews used in open source software or is based on trust? If so, then how are they performed? [Is it a delayed commit, "a pre commit environment", is there a tool that allows for the patch to be sent to another dev]? Are there any projects that use code reviews? From my understanding the linux kernel is mostly based around trust of the commitor. MySQL was based on the main author's approval and the performance impact.

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• Being prepared for a code review as a developer?

  - by Karthik Sreenivasan

  I am looking for some ideas here. I read the article How should code reviews be Carried Out and Code Reviews, what are the advantages? which were very informative but I still need more clarity on the question below. My Question is, Being the target developer, can you suggest some best practices a developer can incorporate before his code is going get reviewed. Currently I practice the following methods PPT for a logical flow Detailed comments. Issue: Even though I have implemented the above practices, they do not help on the review. The problem I faced is, when certain logic is referred, I keep searching for the implementation and the flow and too much time is wasted in the process and I get on people’s nerve. I think a lot of developers would be going through what I am going through as well.

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• Should companies require developers to credit code they didn't write?

  - by sunpech

  In academia, it's considered cheating if a student copies code/work from someone/somewhere else without giving credit, and tries to pass it off as his/her own. Should companies make it a requirement for developers to properly credit all non-trivial code and work that they did not produce themselves? Is it useful to do so, or is it simply overkill? I understand there are various free licenses out there, but if I find stuff I like and actually use, I really feel compelled to give credit via comment in code even if it's not required by the license (or lack thereof one).

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• New code base, what experiences/recommendations do you have?

  - by hlovdal

  I will later this year start on a project (embedded hardware, C, small company) where I believe that most (if not all) code will be new. So what experiences do you have to share as advice to starting a new code base? What have you been missing in projects that you have been working on? What has worked really well? What has not worked? Let's limit this question to be about things that relate directly to the code (e.g "banning the use of gets()": in scope, version control: border line, build system: out of scope).

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• How do you cope with ugly code that you wrote?

  - by Ralph

  So your client asks you to write some code, so you do. He then changes the specs on you, as expected, and you diligently implement his new features like a good little lad. Except... the new features kind of conflict with the old features, so now your code is a mess. You really want to go back and fix it, but he keeps requesting new things and every time you finish cleaning something, it winds up a mess again. What do you do? Stop being an OCD maniac and just accept that your code is going to wind up a mess no matter what you do, and just keep tacking on features to this monstrosity? Save the cleaning for version 2?

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• Good sites for sharing code snippets & pastes that you can share links to?

  - by acidzombie24

  I know there are site tools to check if your webpage is alive, has compression, etc but lets not get into that. What are useful sites to paste code in and to share links to it? The three i know are http://codepad.org/ shows source and runs code online http://www.pastie.org/ share source with syntax highlighting http://jsfiddle.net/ great for JS help or for the occasional test. What else do you know of? One answer per question. I'll let lints and validators slide since you do paste code into them. Mention a weakness if you do know one so others wont be surprised or disappointed.

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• How to examine the speed of your code results?

  - by Goma

  Hi. Whatever was your choice PHP, ASP.NET, Ruby On Rails or even JSP. You know that you can develop a website to give a specific result or to do some tasks in many ways. I mean you can change your code to make it shorter (or for any other reason) but to give the same result. In this case how do you test which code was faster to excute so you choose it to make your website faster? I mean do you have any tools or ideas in how to test the time of execution for your code and compare it with time of execution after you do some edit?

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• Programming *into* a language vs. writing C code in Ruby

  - by bastibe

  Code Complete states that you should aways code into a language as opposed to code in it. By that, they mean Don't limit your programming thinking only to the concepts that are supported automatically by your language. The best programmers think of what they want to do, and then they assess how to accomplish their objectives with the programming tools at their disposal. (chapter 34.4) Doesn't this lead to using one style of programming in every language out there, regardless of the particular strengths and weaknesses of the language at hand? Or, to put the question in a more answerable format: Would you propose that one should try to encode one's problem as neatly as possible with the particulars of one's language, or should you rather search the most elegant solution overall, even if that means that you need to implement possibly awkward constructs that do not exist natively in one's language?

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• Review before or after code commit, which is better?

  - by fifth

  Traditionally we performed code review before commit, I had an argument with my colleague today, who preferred code review after commit. First, here's some background, we got some experienced developers and we also got new hires with almost zero programming practice. we'd like to perform fast and short iterations to release our product. we all team members locate at same site. The advantages of code review before commit I've learned, mentor new hires try to prevent errors, failures, bad designs in early developing cycle learn from others knowledge backup if someone quits But I also got some bad experience, like low efficiency, some changes may be reviewed over days hard to balance speed and quality, especially for newbies some guy felt distrust As to post-review, I just knew little about this, but the most thing I worried about is the risk of losing control, people never review. Any opinions?

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• Code Golf: Shortest Turing-complete interpreter.

  - by ilya n.

  I've just tried to create the smallest possible language interpreter. Would you like to join and try? Rules of the game: You should specify a programming language you're interpreting. If it's a language you invented, it should come with a list of commands in the comments. Your code should start with example program and data assigned to your code and data variables. Your code should end with output of your result. It's preferable that there are debug statements at every intermediate step. Your code should be runnable as written. You can assume that data are 0 and 1s (int, string or boolean, your choice) and output is a single bit. The language should be Turing-complete in the sense that for any algorithm written on a standard model, such as Turing machine, Markov chains, or similar of your choice, it's reasonably obvious (or explained) how to write a program that after being executred by your interpreter performs the algorithm. The length of the code is defined as the length of the code after removal of input part, output part, debug statements and non-necessary whitespaces. Please add the resulting code and its length to the post. You can't use functions that make compiler execute code for you, such as eval(), exec() or similar. This is a Community Wiki, meaning neither the question nor answers get the reputation points from votes. But vote anyway!

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• What is the way to understand someone else's giant uncommented spaghetti code? [closed]

  - by Anisha Kaul

  Possible Duplicate: I’ve inherited 200K lines of spaghetti code — what now? I have been recently handled a giant multithreaded program with no comments and have been asked to understand what it does, and then to improve it (if possible). Are there some techniques which should be followed when we need to understand someone else's code? OR do we straightaway start from the first function call and go on tracking next function calls? C++ (with multi-threading) on Linux

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• smallest (physical dimension) QR code

  - by jldupont

  What is the smallest size (physical dimensions) QR code that can be interpreted by an Android mobile smartphone (e.g. HTC Magic) ?

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• Calling a native callback from managed .NET code (when loading the managed code using COM)

  - by evilfred

  Hi, I am really confused by the multitude of misinformation about native / managed interop. I have a C++ exe which is NOT built using CLR stuff (it is not Managed C++ or C++/CLI and never will be). I would like to access some code I have in a C# assembly. I can access the C# assembly using COM. However, when my C# code detects an event I would like it to call back into my C++ code. The C++ function pointer to call back into will be provided at runtime. Note that the C++ function pointer is a function found in the exe's execution environment. I don't want the managed code to try and load up some DLL to call a function (there is no DLL). How do I pass this C++ function pointer to my C# code through .NET and have my C# code successfully call it? Thanks!

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• Debug .Net Framework's source code only shows disassembly in Visual Studio 2010

  - by jdecuyper

  Hi! I'm trying to debug .Net Framework's source code using Visual Studio 2010 Professional. I followed the steps described in Raj Kaimal's post but I must be doing something wrong since the only code I'm getting to see is the disassembly code: As you can see in the image, the Go to Source Code and the Load Symbols options are disabled. Nevertheless, symbols are downloaded from Microsoft's server since I can see them inside the local cache directory. The code I'm debugging goes as follow: var wr = WebRequest.Create("http://www.google.com"); Console.WriteLine("Web request created"); var req = wr.GetRequestStream(); Console.Read(); When I hit F11 to step into the first line of code, a window pops us looking for the "WebRequst.cs" file inside "f:\dd\ndp\fx\src\Net\System\Net\WebRequest.cs" which does not exists on my machine. What am I missing? Thanks a lot for your help.

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• Formatting code in research reports

  - by RoseOfJericho

  I am currently writing a formal research report, and I'll be including JavaScript and PHP code. None of the sections of code will be more than 25 lines (so they're mere snippets). There will be approx. half a dozen snippets, each of which will have a couple of paragraphs explaining what is happening in the code and a discussion on its pros/cons. Is there an accepted way of displaying code in research reports? I'm thinking in terms of font, spacing, whether the code should be displayed inside the document or in an appendix, and related details. I have no contact with the body the report will be submitted to, and they have no published guidelines on how to format code.

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