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• Is there any simple way to access installed programs?

  - by Anentropic

  Just installed Ubuntu for the first time... Is there any simple way to browse installed programs? On Mac there is the Applications top-level folder... here I see Desktop, Documents, Downloads etc but no Apps? That'd be a good idea, no? (is there some way to create this myself?) On Windows there is the Start menu... Here it seems like I have to click the 'Dash Home' and then I can see 'Recent Apps' ... I can search for them (I'd rather not) ...or I can click the ruler/pencil icon at the bottom and see 'Recent Apps' and click to expand 'Installed Apps' ...ok that's all of them - is it possible to get a straight list view instead of the hard-to-scan wrapped rows? Also, is there any way to get rid of the pointless random selection of 'Apps available for download' at the bottom?

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• How do I configure the mouse to raise and lower windows

  - by user288496

  I've just installed 14.04 and cannot find the congfuration screen to control how mouse clicks are acted on by the window manager, and then optionally passed to the application. I want to set the sane traditional unix behaviour of: - 'focus follows mouse': done. - 'never auto-raise': done. - 'raise when click on border or title': Can't find the option. A middle button click on the tile does lower a window - but traditionally it would also raise the botton window. I can set 'raise on any click' - but that is absolutely hopeless when you are trying to copy text from a lower window.

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• .htaccess redirect question

  - by user473056

  Hi, I'm trying to set up my .htaccess file to take the displayed link and route it to the destination link as below Displayed Link http://www.my-website.com/click-4559226-10388358?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdestination-website2.com%2FItem.php%3Fid%3D44350396%26sld%3DA6D7A632-821E-4b78-ACD0-147658B77BD6 Destination Link http://www.destination-website.com/click-4559226-10388358?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdestination-website2.com%2FItem.php%3Fid%3D44350396%26sld%3DA6D7A632-821E-4b78-ACD0-147658B77BD6 Effectively, all that changes is the first url (http://www.my-website.com) everything after that is the same. Is this possible and could someone briefly explain how I would go about it? * Just to be clear, I dont want to redirect everything from my-webiste.com. Just links that start http://www.my-website.com/click-4559226-10388358

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• Is there any way to keep launchers synchronized among machines?

  - by MMA

  Most of us use more than one machine for our purpose. The scenario for me is to use one at home, another at office. When comes to the launcher at left, the applications get added in chronological order. You can click and drag an application in launcher, but this is a tedious process. If your application placements are different among the machines, you loose the intuitive mouse click. You need to spend a few seconds to find out where actually the launcher is before you click on it. Is there any way I can keep the launcher applications (at least the locked ones) synchronized among machines? Thanks.

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• jQuery event not working after load

  - by Shina

  $(document).ready(function(){ $(function() { $('a.ajaxload').live('click', function(e) { var url = $(this).attr('href'); $('#desktopcontainer').load(url); // load the html response into a DOM element e.preventDefault(); // stop the browser from following the link }); }); $(function() { $(".accordion .accordion-tabs .tab").each(function(){ $(this).click(function(){ if ($(this).hasClass('tab')){ $(this).removeClass('tab'); $(this).addClass('active'); }else{ $(this).removeClass('active'); $(this).addClass('tab'); } $(this).next().slideToggle('slow'); return false; }); }); }); }); My tab works fine but after I click the "a.ajaxload" to add a content to the page, then my tab doesn't respond anymore. Can anyone please tell me where the problem is? Thank you in advance.

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• CSS width fills out in IE8 Compatibility mode, works as it should in normal mode

  - by Colin

  I am trying to create a border around an image on the page, and the border works fine in IE8 Normal mode, but fills to 100% of the outer div in IE8 compatibility mode, my css is the following: .page-layout .page-header .page-image { float:left; vertical-align:top; width:170px; } .page-layout .page-header .page-image div, .page-layout .page-header .page-image img { float:left; } .page-image-imgtop { background-image:url('/Style Library/images/pagecontent-image-top-bg.png'); background-repeat:repeat-x; height:6px; float:left; clear:both; width:100%; } .page-image-imgleft { background-image:url('/Style Library/images/pagecontent-image-bg-left.png'); background-repeat:repeat-y; float:left; text-align:right; clear:both; } .page-image-imgright { margin-left:7px; padding-right:8px; background-image:url('/Style Library/images/pagecontent-image-bg-right.png'); background-repeat:repeat-y; background-position:top right; float:left; clear:both; } .page-image-imgbottom { background-image:url('/Style Library/images/pagecontent-image-bottom-bg.png'); background-repeat:repeat-x; height:6px; float:left; clear:both; width:100%; } And the following HTML: <div class="page-image"> <div class="page-image-imgleft"> <div class="page-image-imgtop"> <img src="/Style Library/images/pagecontent-image-top-left.png" style="float:left;" /> <img src="/Style Library/images/pagecontent-image-top-right.png" style="float:right" /> </div> <div class="page-image-imgright"> <img src="MAINIMAGE.jpg" style="border-width:0px;text-align:top;" /> </div> <div class="page-image-imgbottom"> <img src="/Style Library/images/pagecontent-image-bottom-left.png" style="float:left;" /> <img src="/Style Library/images/pagecontent-image-bottom-right.png" style="float:right" /> </div> </div> </div>

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• C#: Shift left assignment operator behavior

  - by Austin Salonen

  I'm running code that sometimes yields this: UInt32 current; int left, right; ... //sometimes left == right and no shift occurs current <<= (32 + left - right); //this works current <<= (32 - right); current <<= left; It appears for any value = 32, only the value % 32 is shifted. Is there some "optimization" occurring in the framework?

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• Why does this JSON.parse code not work?

  - by SuZi

  I am trying to pass json encoded values from a php script to a, GnuBookTest.js, javascript file that initiates a Bookreader object and use the values i have passed in via the variable i named "result". The php script is sending the values like: <div id="bookreader"> <div id="BookReader" style="left:10px; right:10px; top:30px; bottom:30px;">x</div> <script type="text/javascript">var result = {"istack":"zi94sm65\/BUCY\/BUCY200707170530PM","leafCount":"14","wArr":"[893,893,893,893,893,893,893,893,893,893,893,893,893,893]","hArr":"[1155,1155,1155,1155,1155,1155,1155,1155,1155,1155,1155,1155,1155,1155]","leafArr":"[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13]","sd":"[\"RIGHT\",\"LEFT\",\"RIGHT\",\"LEFT\",\"RIGHT\",\"LEFT\",\"RIGHT\",\"LEFT\",\"RIGHT\",\"LEFT\",\"RIGHT\",\"LEFT\",\"RIGHT\",\"LEFT\"]"}</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://localhost:8080/application/js/GnuBookTest.js"></script> </div> </div> and in the GnuBookTest.js file i am trying to use the values like: br = new BookReader(); // Return the width of a given page. br.getPageWidth = function(index) { return this.pageW[index]; } // Return the height of a given page. br.getPageHeight = function(index) { return this.pageH[index]; } br.pageW = JSON.parse(result.wArr); br.pageH = JSON.parse(result.hArr); br.leafMap = JSON.parse(result.leafArr); //istack is an url fragment for location of image files var istack = result.istack; . . . Using JSON.parse as i have written it above loads the Bookreader and uses my values correctly in a few web-browsers: Firefox, IE8, and desktop-Safari; but does not work at all in mac-Chrome, mobile-Safari, plus older versions of IE. Mobile safari keeps giving me a reference error msg: can't find variable: JSON. The other browsers just do not load the Bookreader and show the "x" instead, like they did not get the values from the php script. Where is the problem?

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• Why can't I add pointers

  - by Knowing me knowing you

  Having very similiar code like so: LINT_rep::Iterator::difference_type LINT_rep::Iterator::operator+(const Iterator& right)const { return (this + &right);//IN THIS PLACE I'M GETTING AN ERROR } LINT_rep::Iterator::difference_type LINT_rep::Iterator::operator-(const Iterator& right)const {//substracts one iterator from another return (this - &right);//HERE EVERYTHING IS FINE } err msg: Error 1 error C2110: '+' : cannot add two pointers Why I'm getting an err in one place and not in both?

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• How to set two column unique in SQL.

  - by sxingfeng

  I am creating a table ,in the table two column is unique, I mean columnA and columnB do not have same value: such as : Table X A B 1 2(RIGHT,unique) 2 2(RIGHT, unique) 1 3(RIGHT, not unique) 2 3(RIGHT, not unique) 1 2 (WRONG, not unique) How to create such a table? many thanks!

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• jquery if statement animate back

  - by user295292

  how do i add a if statement when the right image is at +400px then animate back to -400px... when hovering the right image? $('#left img').mouseenter(function() { $('#right img').animate({ left: '+=400px' }, 700); }); $('#right img').mouseenter(function() { $('#left img').animate({ left: '-=400px' }, 700); }); something similar to this - http://www.hyundaiusa.com/ (the two main images on the site)

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• how do I make my submenu position dynamic based on the distance to the edge of the window?

  - by Mario Antoci

  I'm trying to write a jQuery script that will find the distance to the right edge of the browser window from my css class element and then position the child submenu dropdowns to the right or left depending on the available space to the right. Also it needs to revert to the default settings on hoverout. Here is what I have so far but it's not calculating properly. $(document).ready(function(){ $('#dnnMenu .subLevel').hover(function(){ if ($(window).width() - $('#dnnMenu .subLevel').offset().left - '540' >= '270') { $('#dnnMenu .subLevelRight').css('left', '270px');} else {$('#dnnMenu .subLevelRight').css('left', '-270px');} }); $(document).ready(function () { function HoverOver() { $(this).addClass('hover'); } function HoverOut() { $(this).removeClass('hover'); } var config = { sensitivity: 2, interval: 100, over: HoverOver, timeout: 100, out: HoverOut }; $("#dnnMenu .topLevel > li.haschild").hoverIntent(config); $(".subLevel li.haschild").hover(HoverOver, HoverOut); }); Basically I tried to take the width of the current window, minus the distance to the left edge of the browser of the first level submenu, minus the width of both elements together which would equal 540px, to calculate the distance to the right edge of the window when the first level submenu is hovered over. if the distance to the right of my first level submenu element is less than 540px then the second level sub menu css property is changed to position to the left instead of right. I also know that it needs to revert back to default after hover out so it can recalculate the distance from other positions within the menu structure and still have those second level submenus with enough room to still display on the right of the first level. here is css for the elements in question. #dnnMenu .subLevel{ display: none; position: absolute; margin: 0; z-index: 1210; background: #639ec8; text-transform: none;} #dnnMenu .subLevelRight{ position: absolute; display: none; left: 270px; top: 0px;} The site's not live yet and I tried to create a jsfiddle but it doesn't look right. Any help would be greatly appreciated! Best Regards, Mario

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• How to override a CSS class within a content div

  - by amirouche

  I want to reimplement the property margin-right in a bloc whitin a content. this is the content id css: #content h2 { margin-right:2px; } this is the bloc class css: .bloc h2 { margin-right:0px; } I want the margin-right bloc works not one the content

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• jquery position changing with .css() behaving strange

  - by 11684

  I tried to make a moving img, and it works partially. If I press the right, up or down button, it moves right, up or down. But, if I press the left button, it jumps very fast very far to the right, and then back to the left and doesn't stop moving (I believe. I said it was fast). JSFiddle; Javascript: $(document).ready(function() { var up = down = left = right = false; var top = 100, left = 500; $("body").on("keydown", function(e) { if(e.keyCode == 39) {e.preventDefault(); if (right == false) right = setInterval(moveRight, 80);} else if(e.keyCode == 37) {e.preventDefault(); if (left == false) left = setInterval(moveLeft, 80);} else if(e.keyCode == 38) {e.preventDefault(); if (up == false) up = setInterval(moveUp, 80);} else if(e.keyCode == 40) {e.preventDefault(); if (down == false) down = setInterval(moveDown, 80);} }); $("body").on("keyup", function(e) { if(e.keyCode == 39) {clearInterval(right); right = false;} else if(e.keyCode == 37) {clearInterval(left); left = false;} else if(e.keyCode == 38) {clearInterval(up); up = false;} else if(e.keyCode == 40) {clearInterval(down); down = false;} }); function moveUp() { top -= 2; $("#player").css("top", top + "px"); } function moveDown() { top += 2; $("#player").css("top", top + "px"); } function moveLeft() { left -= 2; $("#player").css("left", left + "px"); } function moveRight() { left += 2; $("#player").css("left", left + "px"); } }); This is probably not the best way to do this, I'm open for better suggestions. Thanks for reading!

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• Jump to the start of next statement

  - by Borek

  Say that I'm writing a test and my caret is here (indicated by "|"): [ExpectedException(typeof(InvalidOperationException|))] In Visual Studio 2010, I'd like to press some shortcut that would take me to the next line so that I could start typing "public void Etc()". Right now, I need to press Right arrow Right arrow Right arrow Enter Which is too many key presses IMO. Is there a VS2010 / ReSharper shortcut to aid this operation?

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• SharePoint 2010 Center and Fixed Width of all content on page including the ribbon

  - by Bill Daugherty

  All, I am trying to make the width of the sharepoint 2010 web site to be within a fixed width and centered across the screen. I would like for it to be 800px and centered. When i do this, it seems like it starts to work until the ribbion bar renters. Here is my attempt so far: body.v4/* _lcid="1033" _version="14.0.4536" _LocalBinding */ body,form{ margin:0px; width:800px; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; } .ms-toolbar{ font-family:verdana; font-size:8pt; text-decoration:none; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Hyperlink")] */ color:#0072BC; } a.ms-toolbar:hover{ text-decoration:underline; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent1",themeShade:"0.8")] */ color:#005e9a; } .ms-toolbar-togglebutton-on{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Darker")] */ border:1px solid #2353b2; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent4-Lightest")] */ background-color:#fffacc; } table.ms-toolbar{ height:45px; border:none; /* [RecolorImage(themeColor:"Light2",includeRectangle:{x:0,y:610,width:1,height:42})] */ background:url("/_layouts/images/bgximg.png") repeat-x -0px -610px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#fff; } table.ms-toolbar{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light2-Lightest")] */ border:1px solid #f1f1f2; } .ms-menutoolbar{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light2-Lightest")] */ border-bottom:1px solid #f1f1f2; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#fff; /* [RecolorImage(themeColor:"Light2",includeRectangle:{x:0,y:610,width:1,height:42})] */ background:url("/_layouts/images/bgximg.png") repeat-x -0px -610px; height:45px; } .ms-menutoolbar td{ padding:0px 0px 0px 4px; margin:0px; border:none; } .ms-menutoolbar td a{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Hyperlink")] */ color:#0072bc; font-size:8pt; font-family:verdana; text-decoration:none; } .ms-menutoolbar td a:hover{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Hyperlink",themeShade:"0.82")] */ color:#005e9a; text-decoration:none; } .ms-menubuttoninactivehover,.ms-buttoninactivehover{ margin:3px; padding:3px 4px 4px 4px; border:1px solid transparent; background-color:transparent; white-space:nowrap; } .ms-menubuttonactivehover,.ms-buttonactivehover{ margin:3px; padding:3px 4px 4px 4px; /* [RecolorImage(themeColor:"Light1-Darkest",includeRectangle:{x:0,y:431,width:1,height:21})] */ background:url("/_layouts/images/bgximg.png") repeat-x -0px -431px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#fff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Lighter")] */ border:solid 1px #cccccc; cursor:pointer; } .ms-buttoninactivehover{ white-space:nowrap; } .ms-buttoninactivehover img,.ms-buttonactivehover img{ margin:0px 1px 0px 0px; } td.ms-menutoolbarheader{ font-size:10pt; font-family:verdana; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Medium")] */ color:#204d89; font-weight:bold; line-height:16px; padding-left:7px; padding-right:7px; } .ms-listheaderlabel{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark2")] */ color:#204d89; } .ms-listheaderlabel,.ms-viewselector,.ms-viewselectortext,.ms-viewselectorhover{ font-size:8pt; font-family:tahoma; } .ms-menutoolbar td td.ms-viewselector,.ms-menutoolbar td td.ms-viewselectorhover,.ms-toolbar td td.ms-viewselector,.ms-toolbar td td.ms-viewselectorhover,td.ms-viewselector{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#ffffff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark2-Medium")] */ border:1px solid #D3D6DA; font-weight:bold; padding:0px; } .ms-menutoolbar td td{ border:none; } div.ms-viewselector,div.ms-viewselectorhover{ padding:2px 4px 2px 4px; cursor:pointer; } div.ms-viewselector a,div.ms-viewselectorhover a.ms-menu-a span{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; } .ms-viewselector-arrow{ vertical-align:middle; } .ms-menutoolbar td td.ms-viewselectorhover,.ms-toolbar td td.ms-viewselectorhover{ /* [RecolorImage(themeColor:"Accent1",method:"Tinting",includeRectangle:{x:0,y:654,width:1,height:18})] */ background:url("/_layouts/images/bgximg.png") repeat-x -0px -654px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent1-Lighter")] */ border-color:#91cdf2; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent1",themeTint:"0.35")] */ background-color:#ccebff; } .ms-bottompaging{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lightest")] */ background:#ebf3ff; } .ms-bottompagingline1{ height:3px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#ffffff; } .ms-bottompagingline2,.ms-bottompagingline3{ height:1px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#ffffff; } .ms-bottompaging .ms-vb{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#ffffff; } .ms-bottompagingline2 img,.ms-bottompagingline3 img,.ms-partline img{ display:none; } .ms-paging{ padding-left:11px; padding-right:11px; padding-bottom:4px; font-family:tahoma,sans-serif; font-size:8pt; font-weight:normal; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Darker")] */ color:#204d89; } .ms-bottompaging .ms-paging{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1-Medium")] */ color:#4c4c4c; } .ms-menutoolbar .ms-splitbuttondropdown{ padding:3px 2px 0px 2px; } .ms-menutoolbar .ms-splitbuttontext{ padding:0px 7px 1px 7px; } .ms-splitbutton{ margin:0px 2px; } .ms-splitbuttonhover{ margin:0px 2px; /* [RecolorImage(themeColor:"Accent6-Darker",method:"Tinting",includeRectangle:{x:0,y:431,width:1,height:21})] */ background:url("/_layouts/images/bgximg.png") repeat-x -0px -431px; border-collapse:collapse; height:22px; background-color:#fff; } .ms-splitbuttonhover .ms-splitbuttondropdown{ padding:3px 1px 0px 2px; } .ms-splitbuttonhover .ms-splitbuttontext{ padding:0px 6px 0px 6px; } .ms-splitbuttonhover .ms-splitbuttondropdown,.ms-splitbuttonhover .ms-splitbuttontext{ border:solid 1px #cccccc; cursor:pointer; } .ms-propertysheet { font-size:1em; } .ms-propertysheet th.ms-gridT1 { text-align:left; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; width:190px; } .ms-viewselect a:link{ font-size:8pt; font-family:Verdana,sans-serif; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3")] */ color:#003399; } select{ font-size:8pt; font-family:Verdana,sans-serif; } hr{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3")] */ color:#003399; height:2px; } .ms-input{ font-size:8pt; font-family:Verdana,sans-serif; } .ms-treeviewouter{ margin-top:5px; } .ms-quicklaunch table td{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lighter")] */ border-top:1px solid #add1ff; } .ms-quicklaunch .ms-treeviewouter table td{ border-top:none; } .ms-quicklaunch table.ms-navheader td,.ms-quicklaunch span.ms-navheader{ padding:1px 4px 4px 4px; } div.ms-treeviewouter > div > div{ border:none; } .ms-quicklaunch span.ms-navheader{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lightest")] */ background-color:#d6e8ff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lighter")] */ border-top:1px solid #add1ff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lightest")] */ border-left:solid 1px #f2f8ff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lighter")] */ border-bottom:1px solid #add1ff; padding:1px 6px 3px 6px; } .ms-quicklaunch table.ms-navsubmenu2 td{ border:none; } .ms-quicklaunch table.ms-selectednavheader td{ width:100%; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent6-Lightest")] */ background-color:#fff699; } .ms-quicklaunch table.ms-selectednavheader{ border:none; } .ms-quicklaunch span{ display:block; } .ms-quicklaunch div.ms-navsubmenu1 br{ display:none; } .ms-quicklaunch table.ms-selectednav{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent6-Darker")] */ border:solid 1px #d2b47a; /* [RecolorImage(themeColor:"Accent1",method:"Tinting")] */ background-image:url("/_layouts/images/selectednav.gif"); background-repeat:repeat-x; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent6-Lightest")] */ background-color:#ffe6a0; margin:2px; margin-bottom:0; width:97%; } .ms-quicklaunch table.ms-selectednav td{ background:transparent url("/_layouts/images/selectednavbullet.gif"); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:left top; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ border:solid 1px #ffffff; padding:0px 4px 1px 12px; margin:0px; } table.ms-selectednav td a.ms-selectednav{ background:none; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; } .ms-quicklaunch table.ms-selectednavheader td{ width:100%; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent6-Lighter")] */ background-color:#ffe6a0; /* [RecolorImage(themeColor:"Accent1",method:"Tinting")] */ background-image:url("/_layouts/images/selectednav.gif"); background-repeat:repeat-x; padding-top:2px; padding-bottom:2px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ border-top:solid 1px #ffffff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ border-left:solid 1px #ffffff; padding:1px 6px 3px 6px; } .ms-selectednavheader a{ font-weight:bold; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; text-decoration:none; } .ms-selectednavheader a:hover{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; text-decoration:underline; } table.ms-navitem td,span.ms-navitem{ background-image:url("/_layouts/images/navBullet.gif"); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:left top; padding:3px 6px 4px 16px; font-family:tahoma; } .ms-navsubmenu1{ width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Lightest")] */ background-color:#f2f8ff; } .ms-navsubmenu2{ width:100%; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Lightest")] */ background-color:#f2f8ff; margin-bottom:6px; } table.ms-navselected{ padding:2px; } table.ms-navselected,span.ms-navselected{ /* [RecolorImage(themeColor:"Accent6",method:"Tinting")] */ background-image:url("/_layouts/images/SELECTEDNAV.GIF"); /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent6-Lighter")] */ background-color:#ffe6a0; background-repeat:repeat-x; } table.ms-navselected td{ background-image:url("/_layouts/images/navBullet.gif"); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:top left; padding:3px 6px 4px 17px; } table.ms-navheader td{ background-image:none; } .ms-navheader a{ font-weight:bold; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3")] */ color:#003399; text-decoration:none; } .ms-navheader a:hover{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; text-decoration:underline; } .ms-navitem a{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark2")] */ color:#3b4f65 !important; text-decoration:none; display:inline-block; } .ms-navitem a:hover{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent1")] */ color:#44aff6 !important; text-decoration:underline !important; } .ms-quicklaunchouter{ border:none; margin-bottom:5px; } .ms-quicklaunchouter{ margin:0px 1px 2px 1px; } .ms-treeviewouter a.ms-navitem{ padding:4px 4px 5px; margin-left:4px; border-color:transparent; border-width:1px; border-style:solid !important; } .ms-tvselected a.ms-navitem{ /* [RecolorImage(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background:url("/_layouts/images/selbg.png") repeat-x left top; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent1",themeTint:"0.15")] */ background-color:#ccebff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent1-Lighter")] */ border-color:#91cdf2; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent1-Lightest")] */ border-top-color:#c6e5f8; border-width:1px; border-style:solid !important; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark2")] */ color:#003759 !important; display:inline-block; } .ms-tvselected a:hover{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark2")] */ color:#003759 !important; } table.ms-recyclebin td{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Lightest")] */ background-color:#f2f8ff; width:100%; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ border-top:solid 1px #ffffff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ border-left:solid 1px #ffffff; padding:3px 5px 7px 3px; } table.ms-recyclebin td a{ font-weight:bold; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent5-Darker")] */ color:#008800; text-decoration:none; } table.ms-recyclebin td a:hover{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; text-decoration:underline; } .ms-quickLaunch{ padding-top:5px; } .ms-quickLaunch h3{ font-size:1em; font-weight:normal; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark2")] */ color:#929fad; margin:0px 0px 6px 10px; } .ms-quicklaunchheader{ padding:2px 6px 4px 10px; font-weight:bold; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Lighter")] */ color:#676767; background-image:url("/_layouts/images/quickLaunchHeader.gif"); background-repeat:repeat-x; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lightest")] */ background-color:#d6e8ff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Lightest")] */ border-left:solid 1px #f2f8ff; margin-left:-7px; font-size:inherit; } .ms-quicklaunchheader a,.ms-unselectednav a{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1-Lighter")] */ color:#676767 !important; text-decoration:none; } .ms-quicklaunchheader a:hover{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000 !important; text-decoration:underline; } .ms-navline{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Darker")] */ border-bottom:1px solid #adadad; } .ms-navwatermark{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent6-Lighter")] */ color:#ffdf88; } .ms-selectednav{ border:1px solid #2353b2; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent6-Lightest")] */ background:#fff699; padding-top:1px; padding-bottom:2px; } .ms-unselectednav{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Medium")] */ border:1px solid #83b0ec; padding-top:1px; padding-bottom:2px; } .ms-verticaldots{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Medium")] */ border-right:1px solid #83b0ec; border-left:none; } .ms-nav{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Medium")] */ background-color:#83b0ec; font-family:tahoma; } .ms-globalTitleArea{ text-align:right; background-image:url("/_layouts/images/siteTitleBKGD.gif"); background-position:right top; background-repeat:repeat-y; padding-left:5px; padding-right:0px; padding-top:1px; } .ms-titlearea{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1-Lighter")] */ color:#666666; font-family:tahoma; font-size:8pt; letter-spacing:.1em; } .ms-titlearea a { /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Darker")] */ color:#3966bf; text-decoration:none; } .ms-titlearea a:hover { /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; text-decoration:underline; } .ms-titlearealeft { /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lightest")] */ background-color:#d6e8ff; } TD.ms-titleareaframe,Div.ms-titleareaframe,.ms-pagetitleareaframe{ background:url("/_layouts/images/bgximg.png") repeat-x -0px -461px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lightest")] */ background-color:#d6e8ff; text-align:left; } div.ms-titleareaframe{ height:100%; } .ms-pagetitleareaframe table{ background-image:url("/_layouts/images/topshape.jpg"); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:332px 4px; height:54px; } .ms-titlearealine{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Medium")] */ background-color:#83b0ec; } .ms-titleareaframe table td.ms-titlearea,.ms-areaseparator table td.ms-titlearea,.ms-pagetitleareaframe table td.ms-titlearea{ padding:7px 0px 1px 0px; } .ms-sitemapdirectional,.ms-sitemapdirectional a{ unicode-bidi:embed; } .ms-areaseparatorcorner{ background-image:url("/_layouts/images/framecornergrad.gif"); background-position:left top; background-repeat:repeat-y; height:8px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent5-Medium")] */ border-right:1px solid #6f9dd9; } td.ms-areaseparatorleft{ background:#d6e8ff url("/_layouts/images/bgximg.png") repeat-x -0px -461px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent5-Medium")] */ border-right:1px solid #6f9dd9; height:100%; } div.ms-areaseparatorleft{ background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:-143px 0px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent5-Medium")] */ border-right:1px solid #6f9dd9; height:100%; } div.ms-areaseparatorright{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent5-Medium")] */ border-left:1px solid #6f9dd9; padding-right:2px; height:100%; } .ms-titlearearight .ms-areaseparatorright{ background:#d6e8ff url("/_layouts/images/bgximg.png") repeat-x -0px -461px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent5-Medium")] */ border-left:1px solid #6f9dd9; padding-right:2px; height:100%; } .ms-areaseparator{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent4-Lightest")] */ background-color:#ffeaad; border-right:none; border-left:none; padding-left:5px; height:61px; } .ms-pagemargin{ background-color:#83b0ec; height:100%; } td.ms-rightareacell div.ms-pagemargin{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Medium")] */ background-color:#83b0ec; height:100%; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Medium")] */ border-left:solid 1px #83b0ec; } .ms-bodyareacell{ vertical-align:top; } .ms-pagebottommargin,.ms-pagebottommarginleft,.ms-pagebottommarginright{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Medium")] */ background:#83b0ec; } .ms-bodyareapagemargin{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Medium")] */ background:#83b0ec; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lighter")] */ border-top:1px solid #6f9dd9; } .ms-bodyareaframe{ vertical-align:top; height:100%; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#ffffff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lighter")] */ border:1px solid #6f9dd9; } .ms-bodyareaframe{ padding:10px; } .ms-pagetitle{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; font-family:verdana; font-size:16pt; margin:0px 0px 4px 0px; font-weight:normal; } .ms-pagetitle a{ text-decoration:none; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; margin:0; font-weight:normal; } .ms-pagetitle a:hover{ } .ms-vh table.ms-selectedtitle,.ms-vh2 table.ms-selectedtitle,.ms-vh-icon table.ms-selectedtitle,.ms-vh table.ms-unselectedtitle,.ms-vh2 table.ms-unselectedtitle,.ms-vh-icon table.ms-unselectedtitle{ height:21px; } .ms-vh table.ms-selectedtitle,.ms-vh2 table.ms-selectedtitle,.ms-vh-icon table.ms-selectedtitle{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Lighter")] */ background-color:#dde1e5; border:none; } .ms-vh2 .ms-selectedtitle .ms-vb,.ms-vh2 .ms-unselectedtitle .ms-vb{ padding-left:5px; padding-right:5px; padding-top:1px; } .ms-vh-icon .ms-selectedtitle .ms-vb,.ms-vh-icon .ms-unselectedtitle .ms-vb{ padding-left:0px; vertical-align:middle; } .ms-propertysheet th.ms-vh2,.ms-propertysheet th.ms-vh2-nofilter{ font-family:tahoma; } .ms-listviewtable .ms-vh2,.ms-summarystandardbody .ms-vh2{ padding:1px 1px 0px 1px; } .ms-listviewtable .ms-vb2,.ms-summarystandardbody .ms-vb2{ padding-left:2px; padding-right:7px; } .ms-selectedtitle{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#ffffff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent4-Darker")] */ border:1px solid #b09460; margin:0px; padding:0px; cursor:pointer; } .ms-selectedtitlealternative { /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#ffffff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent4-Darker")] */ border:1px solid #b09460; margin:0px; padding:0px; cursor:pointer; } .ms-unselectedtitle{ background-color:transparent; margin:0px; padding:0px; } .ms-newgif{ display:inline-block; margin-left:5px; } .ms-menuimagecell{ /* [RecolorImage(themeColor:"Accent1",method:"Tinting")] */ background:url("/_layouts/images/selectednav.gif") repeat-x; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent6-Lighter")] */ background-color:#ffe6a0; cursor:pointer; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ border:solid 1px #ffffff; padding:0px; height:18px; } .ms-vh .ms-menuimagecell,.ms-vh2 .ms-menuimagecell,.ms-vh-icon .ms-menuimagecell{ height:20px; } .ms-vh .ms-menuimagecell img,.ms-vh2 .ms-menuimagecell img,.ms-vh-icon .ms-menuimagecell img{ margin-top:2px; margin-bottom:2px; } .ms-descriptiontext{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1-Medium")] */ color:#4c4c4c; font-family:tahoma; font-size:8pt; text-align:left; } .ms-statusdescriptiontext { color:#4c4c4c; background-color:#FFFF00; font-family:tahoma; font-size:8pt; text-align:left; } .ms-webpartpagedescription{ font-family:verdana; font-size:8pt; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1-Lighter")] */ color:#5a5a5a; padding:8px 12px 0px 12px; } .ms-separator { /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light2",themeShade:"0.02")] */ color:#f1f1f2; background-repeat:repeat-x; border:none; padding-left:4px; font-size:10pt; } .ms-rtetoolbarmenu .ms-separator{ padding-left:0px !important; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Medium")] */ color:#83b0ec; } .ms-separator img { height:12px; width:1px; margin:0px 1px 0px 1px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light2",themeShade:"0.02")] */ background:#f1f1f2; } .ms-propertysheet th.ms-authoringcontrols { /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lightest")] */ background-color:#f1f1f2; text-align:left; } table.ms-authoringcontrols > tbody > tr > td{ vertical-align:middle; } td.ms-authoringcontrols > label,td.ms-authoringcontrols > span > label,td.ms-authoringcontrols > table > tbody > tr > td > label{ vertical-align:middle; } .ms-propertysheet th.ms-linksectionheader { /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; font-family:tahoma; font-size:8pt; font-weight:bold; text-align:left; } .ms-linksectionitemdescription{ padding-left:3px; padding-top:7px; } .ms-propertysheet .ms-sectionheader a,.ms-propertysheet .ms-sectionheader a:hover { /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1-Lighter")] */ color:#525252; text-decoration:none; } .ms-partline { height:3px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark2",themeTint:"0.17")] */ border-bottom:1px solid #EBEBEB; } .ms-propertysheet{ font-family:verdana; font-size:1em; text-align:left; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1-Medium")] */ color:#4c4c4c; } .ms-propertysheet th{ font-family:verdana; font-size:8pt; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1-Medium")] */ color:#4c4c4c; font-weight:normal; } .ms-propertysheet a{ text-decoration:none; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Darker")] */ color:#3966bf; } .ms-propertysheet a:hover{ text-decoration:underline; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; } .ms-vh,.ms-vh2,.ms-vh-icon-empty,.ms-vhImage,.ms-vh2-nograd,.ms-vh3-nograd,.ms-vh2-nograd-icon,.ms-vh2-nofilter-icon,.ms-ph{ font-weight:normal; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Medium")] */ color:#b2b2b2; text-align:left; text-decoration:none; vertical-align:top; } .ms-vh-icon{ vertical-align:middle; } .ms-gb,.ms-gb2,.ms-gbload,.ms-vb-tall,.ms-vb-user,.ms-pb,.ms-pb-selected td{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; } .ms-gb a,.ms-gb2 a{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3")] */ color:#003399; } .ms-vh,.ms-vh2,.ms-vh-icon,.ms-vh-icon-empty,.ms-vhImage,.ms-gb,.ms-gb2,.ms-gbload,.ms-vb,.ms-vb2,.ms-vb-tall,.ms-vb-user,.ms-vh2-nograd,.ms-vh3-nograd,.ms-vh2-nograd-icon,.ms-vh2-nofilter-icon,.ms-pb,.ms-pb-selected,.ms-ph{ font-size:8pt; line-height:1.2; font-family:Verdana,Helvetica,sans-serif; } .ms-vh,.ms-vh2,.ms-vh2-nograd,.ms-vh3-nograd,.ms-vh2-nograd-icon,.ms-vh2-nofilter-icon,.ms-ph{ white-space:nowrap; } .ms-vh,.ms-vh2,.ms-vh-icon,.ms-vh2-nofilter-icon,.ms-viewheadertr .ms-vh-group,.ms-vh2-nograd,.ms-vh3-nograd,.ms-vh2-nograd-icon,.ms-ph,.ms-pickerresultheadertr{ background-repeat:repeat-x; padding-top:1px; padding-bottom:0px; } .ms-viewheadertr th{ padding-top:5px !important; } .ms-disc .ms-viewheadertr th.ms-vh2{ padding:1px 5px 0px 4px; } .ms-disc .ms-vh2 .ms-selectedtitle .ms-vb,.ms-disc .ms-vh2 .ms-unselectedtitle .ms-vb{ padding-left:4px; } th.ms-vh3-nograd{ width:12px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Darker")] */ color:#949494; font-size:8pt; font-family:tahoma,sans-serif; } .ms-vh .ms-vh{ background-image:none; border-left:none; padding-left:1px; background-color:transparent; } .ms-vh2,.ms-ph{ padding:3px 8px 1px; } .ms-vh-div{ padding-top:5px; } .ms-vh-icon,.ms-vh2-nograd-icon,.ms-vh2-nofilter-icon{ width:12px; } .ms-vh-icon{ padding-left:6px; padding-right:4px; padding-bottom:3px; } .ms-vh-icon-empty{ width:0px; } .ms-vh a,.ms-vh a:visited,.ms-vh2 a{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1-Lightest")] */ color:#7f7f7f; text-decoration:none; } .ms-vh a:hover,.ms-vh2 a:hover{ text-decoration:underline; } .ms-imnImgTD { padding-right:2px; padding-bottom:5px; } .ms-vhltr .ms-imnImgTD { padding-right:2px; } .ms-vhrtl .ms-imnImgTD { padding-left:2px; } .ms-imnTxtTD { padding-top:0px; } .ms-vhImage{ width:18pt } .ms-standardheader{ font-size:1em; margin:0em; text-align:left; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#525252; } .ms-formlabel h3.ms-standardheader{ font-weight:normal; color:auto; } .ms-linksectionheader .ms-standardheader{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#000000; } .ms-gb{ height:22px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#ffffff; font-weight:bold; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lighter")] */ border-bottom:1px solid #8ebbf5; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Lightest")] */ border-top:1px solid #f9f9f9; padding-bottom:3px; } .ms-gb .ms-vb2{ font-weight:normal; } .ms-listviewtable .ms-gb,.ms-listviewtable .ms-gb2{ padding-top:14px; } .ms-gb2{ height:22px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1-Medium")] */ color:#4c4c4c; padding-bottom:3px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent3-Lightest")] */ border-bottom:1px solid #e3efff; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1-Lightest")] */ border-top:1px solid #f9f9f9; } .ms-gbload{ height:22px; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1-Medium")] */ color:#4c4c4c; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light1")] */ background-color:#ffffff; padding-bottom:3px; } .ms-vb,.ms-vb2,.ms-vb-user,.ms-vb-tall,.ms-pb,.ms-pb-selected { /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark1")] */ color:#6d6f72; vertical-align:top; } .ms-vb a:link,.ms-vb2 a:link,.ms-vb-user a:link{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Hyperlink")] */ color:#0072BC; text-decoration:none; } .ms-vb a:hover,.ms-vb2 a:hover,.ms-vb-user a:hover{ text-decoration:underline; } .ms-vb a:visited,.ms-vb2 a:visited,.ms-vb-user a:visited{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Hyperlink")] */ color:#0072BC; text-decoration:none; } .ms-vb a:visited:hover,.ms-vb2 a:visited:hover,.ms-vb-user a:visited:hover{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Hyperlink")] */ color:#0072BC; text-decoration:underline; } .ms-alternatingstrong .ms-vb a:link,.ms-alternatingstrong .ms-vb2 a:link,.ms-alternatingstrong .ms-vb-user a:link,.ms-alternatingstrong .ms-vb a:visited,.ms-alternatingstrong .ms-vb2 a:visited,.ms-alternatingstrong .ms-vb-user a:visited,.ms-alternatingstrong .ms-vb a:visited:hover,.ms-alternatingstrong .ms-vb2 a:visited:hover,.ms-alternatingstrong .ms-vb-user a:visited:hover{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor

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• SOA Suite 11g Native Format Builder Complex Format Example

  - by bob.webster

  This rather long posting details the steps required to process a grouping of fixed length records using Format Builder.   If it’s 10 pm and you’re feeling beat you might want to leave this until tomorrow.  But if it’s 10 pm and you need to get a Format Builder Complex template done, read on… The goal is to process individual orders from a file using the 11g File Adapter and Format Builder Sample Data =========== 001Square Widget            0245.98 102Triagular Widget         1120.00 403Circular Widget           0099.45 ORD8898302/01/2011 301Hexagon Widget         1150.98 ORD6735502/01/2011 The records are fixed length records representing a number of logical Order records. Each order record consists of a number of item records starting with a 3 digit number, followed by a single Summary Record which starts with the constant ORD. How can this file be processed so that the first poll returns the first order? 001Square Widget            0245.98 102Triagular Widget         1120.00 403Circular Widget           0099.45 ORD8898302/01/2011 And the second poll returns the second order? 301Hexagon Widget           1150.98 ORD6735502/01/2011 Note: if you need more than one order per poll, that’s also possible, see the “Multiple Messages” field in the “File Adapter Step 6 of 9” snapshot further down.   To follow along with this example you will need - Studio Edition Version 11.1.1.4.0    with the   - SOA Extension for JDeveloper 11.1.1.4.0 installed Both can be downloaded from here:  http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/middleware/soasuite/downloads/index.html You will not need a running WebLogic Server domain to complete the steps and Format Builder tests in this article.     Start with a SOA Composite containing a File Adapter The Format Builder is part of the File Adapter so start by creating a new SOA Project and Composite. Here is a quick summary for those not familiar with these steps - Start JDeveloper - From the Main Menu choose File->New - In the New Gallery window that opens Expand the “General” category and Select the Applications node.   Then choose SOA Application from the Items section on the right.  Finally press the OK button. - In Step 1 of the “Create SOA Application wizard” that appears enter an Application Name and an Directory of your     choice,   then press the Next button. - In Step 2 of the “Create SOA Application wizard”, press the Next button leaving all entries as defaulted. - In Step 3 of the “Create SOA Application wizard”, Enter a composite name of your choice and Press the Finish   Button These steps result in a new Application and SOA Project. The SOA Project contains a composite.xml file which is opened and shown below. For our example we have not defined a Mediator or a BPEL process to minimize the steps, but one or the other would eventually be needed to use the File Adapter we are about to create. Drag and drop the File Adapter icon from the Component Pallette onto either the LEFT side of the diagram under “Exposed Services” or the right side under “External References”.  (See the Green Circle in the image below).  Placing the adapter on the left side would indicate the file being processed is inbound to the composite, if the adapter is placed on the right side then the data is outbound to a file.     Note that the same Format Builder definition can be used in both directions.  For example we could use the format with a File Adapter on the left side of the composite to parse fixed data into XML, modify the data in our Composite or BPEL process and then use the same Format Builder definition with a File adapter on the right side of the composite to write the data back out in the same fixed data format When the File Adapter is dropped on the Composite the File Adapter Wizard Appears. Skip Past the first page, Step 1 of 9 by pressing the Next button. In Step 2 enter a service name of your choice as shown below, then press Next   When the Native Format Builder appears, skip the welcome page by pressing next. Also press the Next button to accept the settings on Step 3 of 9 On Step 4, select Read File and press the Next button as shown below.   On Step 5 enter a directory that will contain a file with the input data, then  Press the Next button as shown below. In step 6, enter *.txt or another file format to select input files from the input directory mentioned in step 5. ALSO check the “Files contain Multiple Messages” checkbox and set the “Publish Messages in Batches of” field to 1.  The value can be set higher to increase the number of logical order group records returned on each poll of the file adapter.  In other words, it determines the number of Orders that will be sent to each instance of a Mediator or Composite processing using the File Adapter.   Skip Step 7 by pressing the Next button In Step 8 press the Gear Icon on the right side to load the Native Format Builder.       Native Format Builder  appears Before diving into the format, here is an overview of the process. Approach - Bottom up Assuming an Order is a grouping of item records and a summary record…. - Define a separate  Complex Type for each Record Type found in the group.    (One for itemRecord and one for summaryRecord) - Define a Complex Type to contain the Group of Record types defined above   (LogicalOrderRecord) - Define a top level element to represent an order.  (order)   The order element will be of type LogicalOrderRecord   Defining the Format In Step 1 select   “Create new”  and  “Complex Type” and “Next”   In Step two browse to and select a file containing the test data shown at the start of this article. A link is provided at the end of this article to download a file containing the test data. Press the Next button     In Step 3 Complex types must be define for each type of input record. Select the Root-Element and Click on the Add Complex Type icon This creates a new empty complex type definition shown below. The fastest way to create the definition is to highlight the first line of the Sample File data and drag the line onto the  <new_complex_type> Format Builder introspects the data and provides a grid to define additional fields. Change the “Complex Type Name” to  “itemRecord” Then click on the ruler to indicate the position of fixed columns.  Drag the red triangle icons to the exact columns if necessary. Double click on an existing red triangle to remove an unwanted entry. In the case below fields are define in columns 0-3, 4-28, 29-eol When the field definitions are correct, press the “Generate Fields” button. Field entries named C1, C2 and C3 will be created as shown below. Click on the field names and rename them from C1->itemNum, C2->itemDesc and C3->itemCost  When all the fields are correctly defined press OK to save the complex type.        Next, the process is repeated to define a Complex Type for the SummaryRecord. Select the Root-Element in the schema tree and press the new complex type icon Then highlight and drag the Summary Record from the sample data onto the <new_complex_type>   Change the complex type name to “summaryRecord” Mark the fixed fields for Order Number and Order Date. Press the Generate Fields button and rename C1 and C2 to itemNum and orderDate respectively.   The last complex type to be defined is a type to hold the group of items and the summary record. Select the Root-Element in the schema tree and click the new complex type icon Select the “<new_complex_type>” entry and click the pencil icon   On the Complex Type Details page change the name and type of each input field. Change line 1 to be named item and set the Type  to “itemRecord” Change line 2 to be named summary and set the Type to “summaryRecord” We also need to indicate that itemRecords repeat in the input file. Click the pencil icon at the right side of the item line. On the Edit Details page change the “Max Occurs” entry from 1 to UNBOUNDED. We also need to indicate how to identify an itemRecord.  Since each item record has “.” in column 32 we can use this fact to differentiate an item record from a summary record. Change the “Look Ahead” field to value 32 and enter a period in the “Look For” field Press the OK button to save entry.     Finally, its time to create a top level element to represent an order. Select the “Root-Element” in the schema tree and press the New element icon Click on the <new_element> and press the pencil icon.   Set the Element Name to “order” and change the Data Type to “logicalOrderRecord” Press the OK button to save the element definition.   The final definition should match the screenshot below. Press the Next Button to view the definition source.     Press the Test Button to test the definition   Press the Green Triangle Icon to run the test.   And we are presented with an unwelcome error. The error states that the processor ran out of data while working through the definition. The processor was unable to differentiate between itemRecords and summaryRecords and therefore treated the entire file as a list of itemRecords.  At end of file, the “summary” portion of the logicalOrderRecord remained unprocessed but mandatory.   This root cause of this error is the loss of our “lookAhead” definition used to identify itemRecords. This appears to be a bug in the  Native Format Builder 11.1.1.4.0 Luckily, a simple workaround exists. Press the Cancel button and return to the “Step 4 of 4” Window. Manually add    nxsd:lookAhead="32" nxsd:lookFor="."   attributes after the maxOccurs attribute of the item element. as shown in the highlighted text below.   When the lookAhead and lookFor attributes have been added Press the Test button and on the Test page press the Green Triangle. The test is now successful, the first order in the file is returned by the File Adapter.     Below is a complete listing of the Result XML from the right column of the screen above   Try running it The downloaded input test file and completed schema file can be used for testing without following all the Native Format Builder steps in this example. Use the following link to download a file containing the sample data. Download Sample Input Data This is the best approach rather than cutting and pasting the input data at the top of the article.  Since the data is fixed length it’s very important to watch out for trailing spaces in the data and to ensure an eol character at the end of every line. The download file is correctly formatted. The final schema definition can be downloaded at the following link Download Completed Schema Definition   - Save the inputData.txt file to a known location like the xsd folder in your project. - Save the inputData_6.xsd file to the xsd folder in your project. - At step 1 in the Native Format Builder wizard  (as shown above) check the “Edit existing” radio button,    then browse and select the inputData_6.xsd file - At step 2 of the Format Builder configuration Wizard (as shown above) supply the path and filename for    the inputData.txt file. - You can then proceed to the test page and run a test. - Remember the wizard bug will drop the lookAhead and lookFor attributes,  you will need to manually add   nxsd:lookAhead="32" nxsd:lookFor="."    after the maxOccurs attribute of the item element in the   LogicalOrderRecord Complex Type.  (as shown above)   Good Luck with your Format Project

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• Quick guide to Oracle IRM 11g: Configuring SSL

  - by Simon Thorpe

  Quick guide to Oracle IRM 11g index So far in this guide we have an IRM Server up and running, however I skipped over SSL configuration in the previous article because I wanted to focus in more detail now. You can, if you wish, not bother with setting up SSL, but considering this is a security technology it is worthwhile doing. Contents Setting up a one way, self signed SSL certificate in WebLogic Setting up an official SSL certificate in Apache 2.x Configuring Apache to proxy traffic to the IRM server There are two common scenarios in which an Oracle IRM server is configured. For a development or evaluation system, people usually communicate directly to the WebLogic Server running the IRM service. However in a production environment and for some proof of concept evaluations that require a setup reflecting a production system, the traffic to the IRM server travels via a web server proxy, commonly Apache. In this guide we are building an Oracle Enterprise Linux based IRM service and this article will go over the configuration of SSL in WebLogic and also in Apache. Like in the past articles, we are going to use two host names in the configuration below,irm.company.com will refer to the public Apache server irm.company.internal will refer to the internal WebLogic IRM server Setting up a one way, self signed SSL certificate in WebLogic First lets look at creating just a simple self signed SSL certificate to be used in WebLogic. This is a quick and easy way to get SSL working in your environment, however the downside is that no browsers are going to trust this certificate you create and you'll need to manually install the certificate onto any machine's communicating with the server. This is fine for development or when you have only a few users evaluating the system, but for any significant use it's usually better to have a fully trusted certificate in use and I explain that in the next section. But for now lets go through creating, installing and testing a self signed certificate. We use a library in Java to create the certificates, open a console and running the following commands. Note you should choose your own secure passwords whenever you see password below. [oracle@irm /] source /oracle/middleware/wlserver_10.3/server/bin/setWLSEnv.sh [oracle@irm /] cd /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/config/fmwconfig/ [oracle@irm /] java utils.CertGen -selfsigned -certfile MyOwnSelfCA.cer -keyfile MyOwnSelfKey.key -keyfilepass password -cn "irm.oracle.demo" [oracle@irm /] java utils.ImportPrivateKey -keystore MyOwnIdentityStore.jks -storepass password -keypass password -alias trustself -certfile MyOwnSelfCA.cer.pem -keyfile MyOwnSelfKey.key.pem -keyfilepass password [oracle@irm /] keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias trustself -keystore TrustMyOwnSelf.jks -file MyOwnSelfCA.cer.der -keyalg RSA We now have two Java Key Stores, MyOwnIdentityStore.jks and TrustMyOwnSelf.jks. These contain keys and certificates which we will use in WebLogic Server. Now we need to tell the IRM server to use these stores when setting up SSL connections for incoming requests. Make sure the Admin server is running and login into the WebLogic Console at http://irm.company.intranet:7001/console and do the following; In the menu on the left, select the + next to Environment to expose the submenu, then click on Servers. You will see two servers in the list, AdminServer(admin) and IRM_server1. If the IRM server is running, shut it down either by hitting CONTROL + C in the console window it was started from, or you can switch to the CONTROL tab, select IRM_server1 and then select the Shutdown menu and then Force Shutdown Now. In the Configuration tab select IRM_server1 and switch to the Keystores tab. By default WebLogic Server uses it's own demo identity and trust. We are now going to switch to the self signed one's we've just created. So select the Change button and switch to Custom Identity and Custom Trust and hit save. Now we have to complete the resulting fields, the setting's i've used in my evaluation server are below. IdentityCustom Identity Keystore: /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/config/fmwconfig/MyOwnIdentityStore.jks Custom Identity Keystore Type: JKS Custom Identity Keystore Passphrase: password Confirm Custom Identity Keystore Passphrase: password TrustCustom Trust Keystore: /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/config/fmwconfig/TrustMyOwnSelf.jks Custom Trust Keystore Type: JKS Custom Trust Keystore Passphrase: password Confirm Custom Trust Keystore Passphrase: password Now click on the SSL tab for the IRM_server1 and enter in the alias and passphrase, in my demo here the details are; IdentityPrivate Key Alias: trustself Private Key Passphrase: password Confirm Private Key Passphrase: password And hit save. Now lets test a connection to the IRM server over HTTPS using SSL. Go back to a console window and start the IRM server, a quick reminder on how to do this is... [oracle@irm /] cd /oracle/middleware/user_projects/domains/irm_domain/bin [oracle@irm /] ./startManagedWeblogic IRM_server1 Once running, open a browser and head to the SSL port of the server. By default the IRM server will be listening on the URL https://irm.company.intranet:16101/irm_rights. Note in the example image on the right the port is 7002 because it's a system that has the IRM services installed on the Admin server, this isn't typical (or advisable). Your system is going to have a separate managed server which will be listening on port 16101. Once you open this address you will notice that your browser is going to complain that the server certificate is untrusted. The images on the right show how Firefox displays this error. You are going to be prompted every time you create a new SSL session with the server, both from the browser and more annoyingly from the IRM Desktop. If you plan on always using a self signed certificate, it is worth adding it to the Windows certificate store so that when you are accessing sealed content you do not keep being informed this certificate is not trusted. Follow these instructions (which are for Internet Explorer 8, they may vary for your version of IE.) Start Internet Explorer and open the URL to your IRM server over SSL, e.g. https://irm.company.intranet:16101/irm_rights. IE will complain that about the certificate, click on Continue to this website (not recommended). From the IE Tools menu select Internet Options and from the resulting dialog select Security and then click on Trusted Sites and then the Sites button. Add to the list of trusted sites a URL which mates the server you are accessing, e.g. https://irm.company.intranet/ and select OK. Now refresh the page you were accessing and next to the URL you should see a red cross and the words Certificate Error. Click on this button and select View Certificates. You will now see a dialog with the details of the self signed certificate and the Install Certificate... button should be enabled. Click on this to start the wizard. Click next and you'll be asked where you should install the certificate. Change the option to Place all certificates in the following store. Select browse and choose the Trusted Root Certification Authorities location and hit OK. You'll then be prompted to install the certificate and answer yes. You also need to import the root signed certificate into the same location, so once again select the red Certificate Error option and this time when viewing the certificate, switch to the Certification Path tab and you should see a CertGenCAB certificate. Select this and then click on View Certificate and go through the same process as above to import the certificate into the store. Finally close all instances of the IE browser and re-access the IRM server URL again, this time you should not receive any errors. Setting up an official SSL certificate in Apache 2.x At this point we now have an IRM server that you can communicate with over SSL. However this certificate isn't trusted by any browser because it's path of trust doesn't end in a recognized certificate authority (CA). Also you are communicating directly to the WebLogic Server over a non standard SSL port, 16101. In a production environment it is common to have another device handle the initial public internet traffic and then proxy this to the WebLogic server. The diagram below shows a very simplified view of this type of deployment. What i'm going to walk through next is configuring Apache to proxy traffic to a WebLogic server and also to use a real SSL certificate from an official CA. First step is to configure Apache to handle incoming requests over SSL. In this guide I am configuring the IRM service in Oracle Enterprise Linux 5 update 3 and Apache 2.2.3 which came with OpenSSL and mod_ssl components. Before I purchase an SSL certificate, I need to generate a certificate request from the server. Oracle.com uses Verisign and for my own personal needs I use cheaper certificates from GoDaddy. The following instructions are specific to Apache, but there are many references out there for other web servers. For Apache I have OpenSSL and the commands are; [oracle@irm /] cd /usr/bin [oracle@irm bin] openssl genrsa -des3 -out irm-apache-server.key 2048 Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus ............................+++ .........+++ e is 65537 (0x10001) Enter pass phrase for irm-apache-server.key: Verifying - Enter pass phrase for irm-apache-server.key: [oracle@irm bin] openssl req -new -key irm-apache-server.key -out irm-apache-server.csr Enter pass phrase for irm-apache-server.key: You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [GB]:US State or Province Name (full name) [Berkshire]:CA Locality Name (eg, city) [Newbury]:San Francisco Organization Name (eg, company) [My Company Ltd]:Oracle Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Security Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:irm.company.com Email Address []:[email protected] Please enter the following 'extra' attributes to be sent with your certificate request A challenge password []:testing An optional company name []: You must make sure to remember the pass phrase you used in the initial key generation, you will need this when later configuring Apache. In the /usr/bin directory there are now two new files. The irm-apache-server.csr contains our certificate request and is what you cut and paste, or upload, to your certificate authority when you purchase and validate your SSL certificate. In response you will typically get two files. Your server certificate and another certificate file that will likely contain a set of certificates from your CA which validate your certificate's trust. Next we need to configure Apache to use these files. Typically there is an ssl.conf file which is where all the SSL configuration is done. On my Oracle Enterprise Linux server this file is located in /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf and i've added the following lines. <VirtualHost irm.company.com> # Setup SSL for irm.company.com ServerName irm.company.com SSLEngine On SSLCertificateFile /oracle/secure/irm.company.com.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /oracle/secure/irm.company.com.key SSLCertificateChainFile /oracle/secure/gd_bundle.crt </VirtualHost> Restarting Apache (apachectl restart) and I can now attempt to connect to the Apache server in a web browser, https://irm.company.com/. If all is configured correctly I should now see an Apache test page delivered to me over HTTPS. Configuring Apache to proxy traffic to the IRM server Final piece in setting up SSL is to have Apache proxy requests for the IRM server but do so securely. So the requests to Apache will be over HTTPS using a legitimate certificate, but we can also configure Apache to proxy these requests internally across to the IRM server using SSL with the self signed certificate we generated at the start of this article. To do this proxying we use the WebLogic Web Server plugin for Apache which you can download here from Oracle. Download the zip file and extract onto the server. The file extraction reveals a set of zip files, each one specific to a supported web server. In my instance I am using Apache 2.2 32bit on an Oracle Enterprise Linux, 64 bit server. If you are not sure what version your Apache server is, run the command /usr/sbin/httpd -V and you'll see version and it its 32 or 64 bit. Mine is a 32bit server so I need to extract the file WLSPlugin1.1-Apache2.2-linux32-x86.zip. The from the resulting lib folder copy the file mod_wl.so into /usr/lib/httpd/modules/. First we want to test that the plug in will work for regular HTTP traffic. Edit the httpd.conf for Apache and add the following section at the bottom. LoadModule weblogic_module modules/mod_wl.so <IfModule mod_weblogic.c>    WebLogicHost irm.company.internal    WebLogicPort 16100    WLLogFile /tmp/wl-proxy.log </IfModule> <Location /irm_rights>    SetHandler weblogic-handler </Location> <Location /irm_desktop>    SetHandler weblogic-handler </Location> <Location /irm_sealing>    SetHandler weblogic-handler </Location> <Location /irm_services>    SetHandler weblogic-handler </Location> Now restart Apache again (apachectl restart) and now open a browser to http://irm.company.com/irm_rights. Apache will proxy the HTTP traffic from the port 80 of your Apache server to the IRM service listening on port 16100 of the WebLogic Managed server. Note above I have included all four of the Locations you might wish to proxy. http://irm.company.internalirm_rights is the URL to the management website, /irm_desktop is the URL used for the IRM Desktop to communicate. irm_sealing is for web services based document sealing and irm_services is for IRM server web services. The last two are typically only used when you have the IRM server integrated with another application and it is unlikely you'd be accessing these resources from the public facing Apache server. However, just in case, i've mentioned them above. Now let's enable SSL communication from Apache to WebLogic. In the ZIP file we extracted were some more modules we need to copy into the Apache folder. Looking back in the lib that we extracted, there are some more files. Copy the following into the /usr/lib/httpd/modules/ folder. libwlssl.so libnnz11.so libclntsh.so.11.1 Now the documentation states that should only need to do this, but I found that I also needed to create an environment variable called LD_LIBRARY_PATH and point this to the folder /usr/lib/httpd/modules/. If I didn't do this, starting Apache with the WebLogic module configured to SSL would throw the error. [crit] (20014)Internal error: WL SSL Init failed for server: (null) on 0 So I had to edit the file /etc/profile and add the following lines at the bottom. You may already have the LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable defined, therefore simply add this path to it. LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/httpd/modules/ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH Now the WebLogic plug in uses an Oracle Wallet to store the required certificates.You'll need to copy the self signed certificate from the IRM server over to the Apache server. Copy over the MyOwnSelfCA.cer.der into the same folder where you are storing your public certificates, in my example this is /oracle/secure. It's worth mentioning these files should ONLY be readable by root (the user Apache runs as). Now lets create an Oracle Wallet and import the self signed certificate from the IRM server. The file orapki was included in the bin folder of the Apache 1.1 plugin zip you extracted. orapki wallet create -wallet /oracle/secure/my-wallet -auto_login_only orapki wallet add -wallet /oracle/secure/my-wallet -trusted_cert -cert MyOwnSelfCA.cer.der -auto_login_only Finally change the httpd.conf to reflect that we want the WebLogic Apache plug-in to use HTTPS/SSL and not just plain HTTP. <IfModule mod_weblogic.c>    WebLogicHost irm.company.internal    WebLogicPort 16101    SecureProxy ON    WLSSLWallet /oracle/secure/my-wallet    WLLogFile /tmp/wl-proxy.log </IfModule> Then restart Apache once more and you can go back to the browser to test the communication. Opening the URL https://irm.company.com/irm_rights will proxy your request to the WebLogic server at https://irm.company.internal:16101/irm_rights. At this point you have a fully functional Oracle IRM service, the next step is to create a sealed document and test the entire system.

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• The Execute SQL Task

  In this article we are going to take you through the Execute SQL Task in SQL Server Integration Services for SQL Server 2005 (although it appies just as well to SQL Server 2008).  We will be covering all the essentials that you will need to know to effectively use this task and make it as flexible as possible. The things we will be looking at are as follows: A tour of the Task. The properties of the Task. After looking at these introductory topics we will then get into some examples. The examples will show different types of usage for the task: Returning a single value from a SQL query with two input parameters. Returning a rowset from a SQL query. Executing a stored procedure and retrieveing a rowset, a return value, an output parameter value and passing in an input parameter. Passing in the SQL Statement from a variable. Passing in the SQL Statement from a file. Tour Of The Task Before we can start to use the Execute SQL Task in our packages we are going to need to locate it in the toolbox. Let's do that now. Whilst in the Control Flow section of the package expand your toolbox and locate the Execute SQL Task. Below is how we found ours. Now drag the task onto the designer. As you can see from the following image we have a validation error appear telling us that no connection manager has been assigned to the task. This can be easily remedied by creating a connection manager. There are certain types of connection manager that are compatable with this task so we cannot just create any connection manager and these are detailed in a few graphics time. Double click on the task itself to take a look at the custom user interface provided to us for this task. The task will open on the general tab as shown below. Take a bit of time to have a look around here as throughout this article we will be revisting this page many times. Whilst on the general tab, drop down the combobox next to the ConnectionType property. In here you will see the types of connection manager which this task will accept. As with SQL Server 2000 DTS, SSIS allows you to output values from this task in a number of formats. Have a look at the combobox next to the Resultset property. The major difference here is the ability to output into XML. If you drop down the combobox next to the SQLSourceType property you will see the ways in which you can pass a SQL Statement into the task itself. We will have examples of each of these later on but certainly when we saw these for the first time we were very excited. Next to the SQLStatement property if you click in the empty box next to it you will see ellipses appear. Click on them and you will see the very basic query editor that becomes available to you. Alternatively after you have specified a connection manager for the task you can click on the Build Query button to bring up a completely different query editor. This is slightly inconsistent. Once you've finished looking around the general tab, move on to the next tab which is the parameter mapping tab. We shall, again, be visiting this tab throughout the article but to give you an initial heads up this is where you define the input, output and return values from your task. Note this is not where you specify the resultset. If however you now move on to the ResultSet tab this is where you define what variable will receive the output from your SQL Statement in whatever form that is. Property Expressions are one of the most amazing things to happen in SSIS and they will not be covered here as they deserve a whole article to themselves. Watch out for this as their usefulness will astound you. For a more detailed discussion of what should be the parameter markers in the SQL Statements on the General tab and how to map them to variables on the Parameter Mapping tab see Working with Parameters and Return Codes in the Execute SQL Task. Task Properties There are two places where you can specify the properties for your task. One is in the task UI itself and the other is in the property pane which will appear if you right click on your task and select Properties from the context menu. We will be doing plenty of property setting in the UI later so let's take a moment to have a look at the property pane. Below is a graphic showing our properties pane. Now we shall take you through all the properties and tell you exactly what they mean. A lot of these properties you will see across all tasks as well as the package because of everything's base structure The Container. BypassPrepare Should the statement be prepared before sending to the connection manager destination (True/False) Connection This is simply the name of the connection manager that the task will use. We can get this from the connection manager tray at the bottom of the package. DelayValidation Really interesting property and it tells the task to not validate until it actually executes. A usage for this may be that you are operating on table yet to be created but at runtime you know the table will be there. Description Very simply the description of your Task. Disable Should the task be enabled or not? You can also set this through a context menu by right clicking on the task itself. DisableEventHandlers As a result of events that happen in the task, should the event handlers for the container fire? ExecValueVariable The variable assigned here will get or set the execution value of the task. Expressions Expressions as we mentioned earlier are a really powerful tool in SSIS and this graphic below shows us a small peek of what you can do. We select a property on the left and assign an expression to the value of that property on the right causing the value to be dynamically changed at runtime. One of the most obvious uses of this is that the property value can be built dynamically from within the package allowing you a great deal of flexibility FailPackageOnFailure If this task fails does the package? FailParentOnFailure If this task fails does the parent container? A task can he hosted inside another container i.e. the For Each Loop Container and this would then be the parent. ForcedExecutionValue This property allows you to hard code an execution value for the task. ForcedExecutionValueType What is the datatype of the ForcedExecutionValue? ForceExecutionResult Force the task to return a certain execution result. This could then be used by the workflow constraints. Possible values are None, Success, Failure and Completion. ForceExecutionValue Should we force the execution result? IsolationLevel This is the transaction isolation level of the task. IsStoredProcedure Certain optimisations are made by the task if it knows that the query is a Stored Procedure invocation. The docs say this will always be false unless the connection is an ADO connection. LocaleID Gets or sets the LocaleID of the container. LoggingMode Should we log for this container and what settings should we use? The value choices are UseParentSetting, Enabled and Disabled. MaximumErrorCount How many times can the task fail before we call it a day? Name Very simply the name of the task. ResultSetType How do you want the results of your query returned? The choices are ResultSetType_None, ResultSetType_SingleRow, ResultSetType_Rowset and ResultSetType_XML. SqlStatementSource Your Query/SQL Statement. SqlStatementSourceType The method of specifying the query. Your choices here are DirectInput, FileConnection and Variables TimeOut How long should the task wait to receive results? TransactionOption How should the task handle being asked to join a transaction? Usage Examples As we move through the examples we will only cover in them what we think you must know and what we think you should see. This means that some of the more elementary steps like setting up variables will be covered in the early examples but skipped and simply referred to in later ones. All these examples used the AventureWorks database that comes with SQL Server 2005. Returning a Single Value, Passing in Two Input Parameters So the first thing we are going to do is add some variables to our package. The graphic below shows us those variables having been defined. Here the CountOfEmployees variable will be used as the output from the query and EndDate and StartDate will be used as input parameters. As you can see all these variables have been scoped to the package. Scoping allows us to have domains for variables. Each container has a scope and remember a package is a container as well. Variable values of the parent container can be seen in child containers but cannot be passed back up to the parent from a child. Our following graphic has had a number of changes made. The first of those changes is that we have created and assigned an OLEDB connection manager to this Task ExecuteSQL Task Connection. The next thing is we have made sure that the SQLSourceType property is set to Direct Input as we will be writing in our statement ourselves. We have also specified that only a single row will be returned from this query. The expressions we typed in was: SELECT COUNT(*) AS CountOfEmployees FROM HumanResources.Employee WHERE (HireDate BETWEEN ? AND ?) Moving on now to the Parameter Mapping tab this is where we are going to tell the task about our input paramaters. We Add them to the window specifying their direction and datatype. A quick word here about the structure of the variable name. As you can see SSIS has preceeded the variable with the word user. This is a default namespace for variables but you can create your own. When defining your variables if you look at the variables window title bar you will see some icons. If you hover over the last one on the right you will see it says "Choose Variable Columns". If you click the button you will see a list of checkbox options and one of them is namespace. after checking this you will see now where you can define your own namespace. The next tab, result set, is where we need to get back the value(s) returned from our statement and assign to a variable which in our case is CountOfEmployees so we can use it later perhaps. Because we are only returning a single value then if you remember from earlier we are allowed to assign a name to the resultset but it must be the name of the column (or alias) from the query. A really cool feature of Business Intelligence Studio being hosted by Visual Studio is that we get breakpoint support for free. In our package we set a Breakpoint so we can break the package and have a look in a watch window at the variable values as they appear to our task and what the variable value of our resultset is after the task has done the assignment. Here's that window now. As you can see the count of employess that matched the data range was 2. Returning a Rowset In this example we are going to return a resultset back to a variable after the task has executed not just a single row single value. There are no input parameters required so the variables window is nice and straight forward. One variable of type object. Here is the statement that will form the soure for our Resultset. select p.ProductNumber, p.name, pc.Name as ProductCategoryNameFROM Production.ProductCategory pcJOIN Production.ProductSubCategory pscON pc.ProductCategoryID = psc.ProductCategoryIDJOIN Production.Product pON psc.ProductSubCategoryID = p.ProductSubCategoryID We need to make sure that we have selected Full result set as the ResultSet as shown below on the task's General tab. Because there are no input parameters we can skip the parameter mapping tab and move straight to the Result Set tab. Here we need to Add our variable defined earlier and map it to the result name of 0 (remember we covered this earlier) Once we run the task we can again set a breakpoint and have a look at the values coming back from the task. In the following graphic you can see the result set returned to us as a COM object. We can do some pretty interesting things with this COM object and in later articles that is exactly what we shall be doing. Return Values, Input/Output Parameters and Returning a Rowset from a Stored Procedure This example is pretty much going to give us a taste of everything. We have already covered in the previous example how to specify the ResultSet to be a Full result set so we will not cover it again here. For this example we are going to need 4 variables. One for the return value, one for the input parameter, one for the output parameter and one for the result set. Here is the statement we want to execute. Note how much cleaner it is than if you wanted to do it using the current version of DTS. In the Parameter Mapping tab we are going to Add our variables and specify their direction and datatypes. In the Result Set tab we can now map our final variable to the rowset returned from the stored procedure. It really is as simple as that and we were amazed at how much easier it is than in DTS 2000. Passing in the SQL Statement from a Variable SSIS as we have mentioned is hugely more flexible than its predecessor and one of the things you will notice when moving around the tasks and the adapters is that a lot of them accept a variable as an input for something they need. The ExecuteSQL task is no different. It will allow us to pass in a string variable as the SQL Statement. This variable value could have been set earlier on from inside the package or it could have been populated from outside using a configuration. The ResultSet property is set to single row and we'll show you why in a second when we look at the variables. Note also the SQLSourceType property. Here's the General Tab again. Looking at the variable we have in this package you can see we have only two. One for the return value from the statement and one which is obviously for the statement itself. Again we need to map the Result name to our variable and this can be a named Result Name (The column name or alias returned by the query) and not 0. The expected result into our variable should be the amount of rows in the Person.Contact table and if we look in the watch window we see that it is.   Passing in the SQL Statement from a File The final example we are going to show is a really interesting one. We are going to pass in the SQL statement to the task by using a file connection manager. The file itself contains the statement to run. The first thing we are going to need to do is create our file connection mananger to point to our file. Click in the connections tray at the bottom of the designer, right click and choose "New File Connection" As you can see in the graphic below we have chosen to use an existing file and have passed in the name as well. Have a look around at the other "Usage Type" values available whilst you are here. Having set that up we can now see in the connection manager tray our file connection manager sitting alongside our OLE-DB connection we have been using for the rest of these examples. Now we can go back to the familiar General Tab to set up how the task will accept our file connection as the source. All the other properties in this task are set up exactly as we have been doing for other examples depending on the options chosen so we will not cover them again here.   We hope you will agree that the Execute SQL Task has changed considerably in this release from its DTS predecessor. It has a lot of options available but once you have configured it a few times you get to learn what needs to go where. We hope you have found this article useful.

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• Configure Forms based authentication in SharePoint 2010

  - by sreejukg

    Configuring form authentication is a straight forward task in SharePoint. Mostly public facing websites built on SharePoint requires form based authentication. Recently, one of the WCM implementation where I was included in the project team required registration system. Any internet user can register to the site and the site offering them some membership specific functionalities once the user logged in. Since the registration open for all, I don’t want to store all those users in Active Directory. I have decided to use Forms based authentication for those users. This is a typical scenario of form authentication in SharePoint implementation. To implement form authentication you require the following A data store where you are storing the users – technically this can be active directory, SQL server database, LDAP etc. Form authentication will redirect the user to the login page, if the request is not authenticated. In the login page, there will be controls that validate the user inputs against the configured data store. In this article, I am going to use SQL server database with ASP.Net membership API’s to configure form based authentication in SharePoint 2010. This article assumes that you have SQL membership database available. I already configured the membership and roles database using aspnet_regsql command. If you want to know how to configure membership database using aspnet_regsql command, read the below blog post. http://weblogs.asp.net/sreejukg/archive/2011/06/16/usage-of-aspnet-regsql-exe-in-asp-net-4.aspx The snapshot of the database after implementing membership and role manager is as follows. I have used the database name “aspnetdb_claim”. Make sure you have created the database and make sure your database contains tables and stored procedures for membership. Create a web application with claims based authentication. This article assumes you already created a web application using claims based authentication. If you want to enable forms based authentication in SharePoint 2010, you must enable claims based authentication. Read this post for creating a web application using claims based authentication. http://weblogs.asp.net/sreejukg/archive/2011/06/15/create-a-web-application-in-sharepoint-2010-using-claims-based-authentication.aspx  You make sure, you have selected enable form authentication, and then selected Membership provider and Role manager name. To make sure you are done with the configuration, navigate to central administration website, from central administration, navigate to the Web Applications page, select the web application and click on icon, you will see the authentication providers for the current web application. Go to the section Claims authentication types, and make sure you have enabled forms based authentication. As mentioned in the snapshot, I have named the membership provider as SPFormAuthMembership and role manager as SPFormAuthRoleManager. You can choose your own names as you need. Modify the configuration files(Web.Config) to enable form authentication There are three applications that needs to be configured to support form authentication. The following are those applications. Central Administration If you want to assign permissions to web application using the credentials from form authentication, you need to update Central Administration configuration. If you do not want to access form authentication credentials from Central Administration, just leave this step.  STS service application Security Token service is the service application that issues security token when users are logging in. You need to modify the configuration of STS application to make sure users are able to login. To find the STS application, follow the following steps Go to the IIS Manager Expand the sites Node, you will see SharePoint Web Services Expand SharePoint Web Services, you can see SecurityTokenServiceApplication Right click SecuritytokenServiceApplication and click explore, it will open the corresponding file system. By default, the path for STS is C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\WebServices\SecurityToken You need to modify the configuration file available in the mentioned location. The web application that needs to be enabled with form authentication. You need to modify the configuration of your web application to make sure your web application identifies users from the form authentication.   Based on the above, I am going to modify the web configuration. At end of each step, I have mentioned the expected output. I recommend you to go step by step and after each step, make sure the configuration changes are working as expected. If you do everything all together, and test your application at the end, you may face difficulties in troubleshooting the configuration errors. Modifications for Central Administration Web.Config Open the web.config for the Central administration in a text editor. I always prefer Visual Studio, for editing web.config. In most cases, the path of the web.config for the central administration website is as follows C:\inetpub\wwwroot\wss\VirtualDirectories\<port number> Make sure you keep a backup copy of the web.config, before editing it. Let me summarize what we are going to do with Central Administration web.config. First I am going to add a connection string that points to the form authentication database, that I created as mentioned in previous steps. Then I need to add a membership provider and a role manager with the corresponding connectionstring. Then I need to update the peoplepickerwildcards section to make sure the users are appearing in search results. By default there is no connection string available in the web.config of Central Administration. Add a connection string just after the configsections element. The below is the connection string I have used all over the article. <add name="FormAuthConnString" connectionString="Initial Catalog=yourdatabasename;data source=databaseservername;Integrated Security=SSPI;" /> Once you added the connection string, the web.config look similar to Now add membership provider to the code. In web.config for CA, there will be <membership> tag, search for it. You will find membership and role manager under the <system.web> element. Under the membership providers section add the below code… <add name="SPFormAuthMembership" type="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" applicationName="FormAuthApplication" connectionStringName="FormAuthConnString" /> After adding memberhip element, see the snapshot of the web.config. Now you need to add role manager element to the web.config. Insider providers element under rolemanager, add the below code. <add name="SPFormAuthRoleManager" type="System.Web.Security.SqlRoleProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" applicationName="FormAuthApplication" connectionStringName="FormAuthConnString" /> After adding, your role manager will look similar to the following. As a last step, you need to update the people picker wildcard element in web.config, so that the users from your membership provider are available for browsing in Central Administration. Search for PeoplePickerWildcards in the web.config, add the following inside the <PeoplePickerWildcards> tag. <add key="SPFormAuthMembership" value="%" /> After adding this element, your web.config will look like After completing these steps, you can browse the users available in the SQL server database from central administration website. Go to the site collection administrator’s page from central administration. Select the site collection you have created for form authentication. Click on the people picker icon, choose Forms Auth and click on the search icon, you will see the users listed from the SQL server database. Once you complete these steps, make sure the users are available for browsing from central administration website. If you are unable to find the users, there must be some errors in the configuration, check windows event logs to find related errors and fix them. Change the web.config for STS application Open the web.config for STS application in text editor. By default, STS web.config does not have system.Web or connectionstrings section. Just after the System.Webserver element, add the following code. <connectionStrings> <add name="FormAuthConnString" connectionString="Initial Catalog=aspnetdb_claim;data source=sp2010_db;Integrated Security=SSPI;" /> </connectionStrings> <system.web> <roleManager enabled="true" cacheRolesInCookie="false" cookieName=".ASPXROLES" cookieTimeout="30" cookiePath="/" cookieRequireSSL="false" cookieSlidingExpiration="true" cookieProtection="All" createPersistentCookie="false" maxCachedResults="25"> <providers> <add name="SPFormAuthRoleManager" type="System.Web.Security.SqlRoleProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" applicationName="FormAuthApplication" connectionStringName="FormAuthConnString" /> </providers> </roleManager> <membership userIsOnlineTimeWindow="15" hashAlgorithmType=""> <providers> <add name="SPFormAuthMembership" type="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" applicationName="FormAuthApplication" connectionStringName="FormAuthConnString" /> </providers> </membership> </system.web> See the snapshot of the web.config after adding the required elements. After adding this, you should be able to login using the credentials from SQL server. Try assigning a user as primary/secondary administrator for your site collection from Central Administration and login to your site using form authentication. If you made everything correct, you should be able to login. This means you have successfully completed configuration of STS Configuration of Web Application for Form Authentication As a last step, you need to modify the web.config of the form authentication web application. Once you have done this, you should be able to grant permissions to users stored in the membership database. Open the Web.config of the web application you created for form authentication. You can find the web.config for the application under the path C:\inetpub\wwwroot\wss\VirtualDirectories\<port number> Basically you need to add connection string, membership provider, role manager and update the people picker wild card configuration. Add the connection string (same as the one you added to the web.config in Central Administration). See the screenshot after the connection string has added. Search for <membership> in the web.config, you will find this inside system.web element. There will be other providers already available there. You add your form authentication membership provider (similar to the one added to Central Administration web.config) to the provider element under membership. Find the snapshot of membership configuration as follows. Search for <roleManager> element in web.config, add the new provider name under providers section of the roleManager element. See the snapshot of web.config after new provider added. Now you need to configure the peoplepickerwildcard configuration in web.config. As I specified earlier, this is to make sure, you can locate the users by entering a part of their username. Add the following line under the <PeoplePickerWildcards> element in web.config. See the screenshot of the peoplePickerWildcards element after the element has been added. Now you have completed all the setup for form authentication. Navigate to the web application. From the site actions -> site settings -> go to peope and groups Click on new -> add users, it will popup the people picker dialog. Click on the icon, select Form Auth, enter a username in the search textbox, and click on search icon. See the screenshot of admin search when I tried searching the users If it displays the user, it means you are done with the configuration. If you add users to the form authentication database, the users will be able to access SharePoint portal as normal.

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• How can you force a floating div to be the height of its parent?

  - by ErnieStings

  HTML markup: <div class="planRisk"> <div class="innerPlanRiskRight"> <div class="rmPlanFrequency">10 </div> <div class="rmPlanSeverity"> 5</div> <div class="rmPlanRiskFactor">50 </div> <div class="rmPlanNumSolutions">2</div> <div class="rmPlanPercentComplete">34% </div> <div class="rmPlanDeletePlanRisk"> X </div> </div> <div class="rmPlanRiskTitle"> Pandemic Influenza</div> </div> CSS: .planRisk{background-color:#DEECD1; border:1px solid #BEBEBE;} .innerPlanRiskRight{float:right; color:#000000;} .rmPlanFrequency{float:left; width:46px;background-color:#d9dee1; text-align:center; border-right:1px solid #ebebeb; padding:0.2em;} .rmPlanSeverity{float:left; width:46px; background-color:#dbe1d4; text-align:center; border-right:1px solid #ebebeb; padding:0.2em;} .rmPlanRiskFactor{float:left; width:46px; background-color:#e5d5da; text-align:center; border-right:1px solid #ebebeb; padding:0.2em;} .rmPlanNumSolutions{float:left; width:46px; background-color:#dae4e4; text-align:center; border-right:1px solid #ebebeb; padding:0.2em;} .rmPlanPercentComplete{float:left; width:46px; background-color:#dddddd; text-align:center; padding:0.2em; } .rmPlanDeletePlanRisk{float:left; width:30px; background-color:#DEECD1; text-align:center; padding:0.2em;} .rmPlanRiskTitle{padding:0.2em; } .rmPlanSolutionContainer{background-color:#f0f9e8; border: 0 1px 1px; border-left:1px solid #CDCDCD; border-right:1px solid #cdcdcd; } .innerSolutionRight{float:right;} .rmPlanSolution{border-bottom:1px solid #CDCDCD; padding-left:1em;} .rmPlanSolutionPercentComplete{float:left; width:46px; background-color:#E2EADA; padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; text-align:center;} .rmPlanDeleteSolution{float:left; width:30px; text-align:center; padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em; }

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• I want to write a program to control the square moving by using WINAPI

  - by code_new

  This is the code as attempted so far: #include <windows.h> LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ; int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow) { static TCHAR szAppname[] = TEXT ("win0") ; WNDCLASS wndclass ; MSG msg ; HWND hwnd ; wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ; wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ; wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ; wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ; wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppname ; wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ; wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ; wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ; wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ; wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ; if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass)) { MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("Register fail"), szAppname, 0) ; return 0 ; } hwnd = CreateWindow ( szAppname, TEXT ("mywin"), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ; ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ; UpdateWindow (hwnd) ; while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage (&msg) ; DispatchMessage (&msg) ; } return msg.wParam ; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { static int cxClient, cyClient, Left, Top, Right, Down ; PAINTSTRUCT ps ; HDC hdc ; RECT rect ; Right = 20 ; Down = 20 ; switch (message) { case WM_SIZE : cxClient = LOWORD (lParam) ; cyClient = HIWORD (lParam) ; return 0 ; case WM_PAINT : hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ; SetRect (&rect, Left, Top, Right, Down) ; FillRect (hdc, &rect, CreateSolidBrush (RGB (100, 100, 100))) ; EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ; return 0 ; case WM_KEYDOWN : InvalidateRect (hwnd, &rect, TRUE) ; switch (wParam) { case VK_UP : if (Top - 20 < 0) { Top = 0 ; Down = 20 ; } else { Top -= 20 ; Down -= 20 ; } SendMessage (hwnd, WM_PAINT, wParam, lParam) ; break ; case VK_DOWN : if (Down + 20 > cyClient) { Down = cyClient ; Top = Down - 20 ; } else { Down += 20 ; Top += 20 ; }SendMessage (hwnd, WM_PAINT, wParam, lParam) ; break ; case VK_LEFT : if (Left - 20 < 0) { Left = 0 ; Right = 20 ; } else { Left -= 20 ; Right -= 20 ; }SendMessage (hwnd, WM_PAINT, wParam, lParam) ; break ; case VK_RIGHT : if (Right + 20 > cxClient) { Right = cxClient ; Left = Right - 20 ; } else { Right += 20 ; Left += 20 ; }SendMessage (hwnd, WM_PAINT, wParam, lParam) ; break ; default : break ; } return 0 ; case WM_DESTROY : PostQuitMessage (0) ; return 0 ; } return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam); } I considered that I didn't deal the message well, so I can't control it.

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• Edit Text in a Webpage with Internet Explorer 8

  - by Matthew Guay

  Internet Explorer is often decried as the worst browser for web developers, but IE8 actually offers a very nice set of developer tools.  Here we’ll look at a unique way to use them to edit the text on any webpage. How to edit text in a webpage IE8’s developer tools make it easy to make changes to a webpage and view them directly.  Simply browse to the webpage of your choice, and press the F12 key on your keyboard.  Alternately, you can click the Tools button, and select Developer tools from the list. This opens the developer tools.  To do our editing, we want to select the mouse button on the toolbar “Select Element by Click” tool. Now, click on any spot of the webpage in IE8 that you want to edit.  Here, let’s edit the footer of Google.com.  Notice it places a blue box around any element you hover over to make it easy to choose exactly what you want to edit. In the developer tools window, the element you selected before is now highlighted.  Click the plus button beside that entry if the text you want to edit is not visible.   Now, click the text you wish to change, and enter what you wish in the box.  For fun, we changed the copyright to say “©2010 Microsoft”. Go back to IE to see the changes on the page! You can also change a link on a page this way: Or you can even change the text on a button: Here’s our edited Google.com: This may be fun for playing a trick on someone or simply for a funny screenshot, but it can be very useful, too.  You could test how changes in fontsize would change how a website looks, or see how a button would look with a different label.  It can also be useful when taking screenshots.  For instance, if I want to show a friend how to do something in Gmail but don’t want to reveal my email address, I could edit the text on the top right before I took the screenshot.  Here I changed my Gmail address to [email protected]. Please note that the changes will disappear when you reload the page.  You can save your changes from the developer tools window, though, and reopen the page from your computer if you wish. We have found this trick very helpful at times, and it can be very fun too!  Enjoy it, and let us know how you used it to help you! Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Edit Webpage Text Areas in Your Favorite Text EditorRemove Webpage Formatting or View the HTML Code When Copying in FirefoxChange the Default Editor From Nano on Ubuntu LinuxShare Text & Images the Easy Way with JustPaste.itEditPad Lite – All Purpose Tabbed Text Editor TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 PCmover Professional Enable Check Box Selection in Windows 7 OnlineOCR – Free OCR Service Betting on the Blind Side, a Vanity Fair article 30 Minimal Logo Designs that Say More with Less LEGO Digital Designer – Free Create a Personal Website Quickly using Flavors.me

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• Edit Text in a Webpage with Internet Explorer 8

  - by Matthew Guay

  Internet Explorer is often decried as the worst browser for web developers, but IE8 actually offers a very nice set of developer tools.  Here we’ll look at a unique way to use them to edit the text on any webpage. How to edit text in a webpage IE8’s developer tools make it easy to make changes to a webpage and view them directly.  Simply browse to the webpage of your choice, and press the F12 key on your keyboard.  Alternately, you can click the Tools button, and select Developer tools from the list. This opens the developer tools.  To do our editing, we want to select the mouse button on the toolbar “Select Element by Click” tool. Now, click on any spot of the webpage in IE8 that you want to edit.  Here, let’s edit the footer of Google.com.  Notice it places a blue box around any element you hover over to make it easy to choose exactly what you want to edit. In the developer tools window, the element you selected before is now highlighted.  Click the plus button beside that entry if the text you want to edit is not visible.   Now, click the text you wish to change, and enter what you wish in the box.  For fun, we changed the copyright to say “©2010 Microsoft”. Go back to IE to see the changes on the page! You can also change a link on a page this way: Or you can even change the text on a button: Here’s our edited Google.com: This may be fun for playing a trick on someone or simply for a funny screenshot, but it can be very useful, too.  You could test how changes in fontsize would change how a website looks, or see how a button would look with a different label.  It can also be useful when taking screenshots.  For instance, if I want to show a friend how to do something in Gmail but don’t want to reveal my email address, I could edit the text on the top right before I took the screenshot.  Here I changed my Gmail address to [email protected]. Please note that the changes will disappear when you reload the page.  You can save your changes from the developer tools window, though, and reopen the page from your computer if you wish. We have found this trick very helpful at times, and it can be very fun too!  Enjoy it, and let us know how you used it to help you! Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Edit Webpage Text Areas in Your Favorite Text EditorRemove Webpage Formatting or View the HTML Code When Copying in FirefoxChange the Default Editor From Nano on Ubuntu LinuxShare Text & Images the Easy Way with JustPaste.itEditPad Lite – All Purpose Tabbed Text Editor TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 PCmover Professional Enable Check Box Selection in Windows 7 OnlineOCR – Free OCR Service Betting on the Blind Side, a Vanity Fair article 30 Minimal Logo Designs that Say More with Less LEGO Digital Designer – Free Create a Personal Website Quickly using Flavors.me

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• Parallelism in .NET – Part 11, Divide and Conquer via Parallel.Invoke

  - by Reed

  Many algorithms are easily written to work via recursion.  For example, most data-oriented tasks where a tree of data must be processed are much more easily handled by starting at the root, and recursively “walking” the tree.  Some algorithms work this way on flat data structures, such as arrays, as well.  This is a form of divide and conquer: an algorithm design which is based around breaking up a set of work recursively, “dividing” the total work in each recursive step, and “conquering” the work when the remaining work is small enough to be solved easily. Recursive algorithms, especially ones based on a form of divide and conquer, are often a very good candidate for parallelization. This is apparent from a common sense standpoint.  Since we’re dividing up the total work in the algorithm, we have an obvious, built-in partitioning scheme.  Once partitioned, the data can be worked upon independently, so there is good, clean isolation of data. Implementing this type of algorithm is fairly simple.  The Parallel class in .NET 4 includes a method suited for this type of operation: Parallel.Invoke.  This method works by taking any number of delegates defined as an Action, and operating them all in parallel.  The method returns when every delegate has completed: Parallel.Invoke( () => { Console.WriteLine("Action 1 executing in thread {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); }, () => { Console.WriteLine("Action 2 executing in thread {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); }, () => { Console.WriteLine("Action 3 executing in thread {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); } ); .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Running this simple example demonstrates the ease of using this method.  For example, on my system, I get three separate thread IDs when running the above code.  By allowing any number of delegates to be executed directly, concurrently, the Parallel.Invoke method provides us an easy way to parallelize any algorithm based on divide and conquer.  We can divide our work in each step, and execute each task in parallel, recursively. For example, suppose we wanted to implement our own quicksort routine.  The quicksort algorithm can be designed based on divide and conquer.  In each iteration, we pick a pivot point, and use that to partition the total array.  We swap the elements around the pivot, then recursively sort the lists on each side of the pivot.  For example, let’s look at this simple, sequential implementation of quicksort: public static void QuickSort<T>(T[] array) where T : IComparable<T> { QuickSortInternal(array, 0, array.Length - 1); } private static void QuickSortInternal<T>(T[] array, int left, int right) where T : IComparable<T> { if (left >= right) { return; } SwapElements(array, left, (left + right) / 2); int last = left; for (int current = left + 1; current <= right; ++current) { if (array[current].CompareTo(array[left]) < 0) { ++last; SwapElements(array, last, current); } } SwapElements(array, left, last); QuickSortInternal(array, left, last - 1); QuickSortInternal(array, last + 1, right); } static void SwapElements<T>(T[] array, int i, int j) { T temp = array[i]; array[i] = array[j]; array[j] = temp; } Here, we implement the quicksort algorithm in a very common, divide and conquer approach.  Running this against the built-in Array.Sort routine shows that we get the exact same answers (although the framework’s sort routine is slightly faster).  On my system, for example, I can use framework’s sort to sort ten million random doubles in about 7.3s, and this implementation takes about 9.3s on average. Looking at this routine, though, there is a clear opportunity to parallelize.  At the end of QuickSortInternal, we recursively call into QuickSortInternal with each partition of the array after the pivot is chosen.  This can be rewritten to use Parallel.Invoke by simply changing it to: // Code above is unchanged... SwapElements(array, left, last); Parallel.Invoke( () => QuickSortInternal(array, left, last - 1), () => QuickSortInternal(array, last + 1, right) ); } This routine will now run in parallel.  When executing, we now see the CPU usage across all cores spike while it executes.  However, there is a significant problem here – by parallelizing this routine, we took it from an execution time of 9.3s to an execution time of approximately 14 seconds!  We’re using more resources as seen in the CPU usage, but the overall result is a dramatic slowdown in overall processing time. This occurs because parallelization adds overhead.  Each time we split this array, we spawn two new tasks to parallelize this algorithm!  This is far, far too many tasks for our cores to operate upon at a single time.  In effect, we’re “over-parallelizing” this routine.  This is a common problem when working with divide and conquer algorithms, and leads to an important observation: When parallelizing a recursive routine, take special care not to add more tasks than necessary to fully utilize your system. This can be done with a few different approaches, in this case.  Typically, the way to handle this is to stop parallelizing the routine at a certain point, and revert back to the serial approach.  Since the first few recursions will all still be parallelized, our “deeper” recursive tasks will be running in parallel, and can take full advantage of the machine.  This also dramatically reduces the overhead added by parallelizing, since we’re only adding overhead for the first few recursive calls.  There are two basic approaches we can take here.  The first approach would be to look at the total work size, and if it’s smaller than a specific threshold, revert to our serial implementation.  In this case, we could just check right-left, and if it’s under a threshold, call the methods directly instead of using Parallel.Invoke. The second approach is to track how “deep” in the “tree” we are currently at, and if we are below some number of levels, stop parallelizing.  This approach is a more general-purpose approach, since it works on routines which parse trees as well as routines working off of a single array, but may not work as well if a poor partitioning strategy is chosen or the tree is not balanced evenly. This can be written very easily.  If we pass a maxDepth parameter into our internal routine, we can restrict the amount of times we parallelize by changing the recursive call to: // Code above is unchanged... SwapElements(array, left, last); if (maxDepth < 1) { QuickSortInternal(array, left, last - 1, maxDepth); QuickSortInternal(array, last + 1, right, maxDepth); } else { --maxDepth; Parallel.Invoke( () => QuickSortInternal(array, left, last - 1, maxDepth), () => QuickSortInternal(array, last + 1, right, maxDepth)); } We no longer allow this to parallelize indefinitely – only to a specific depth, at which time we revert to a serial implementation.  By starting the routine with a maxDepth equal to Environment.ProcessorCount, we can restrict the total amount of parallel operations significantly, but still provide adequate work for each processing core. With this final change, my timings are much better.  On average, I get the following timings: Framework via Array.Sort: 7.3 seconds Serial Quicksort Implementation: 9.3 seconds Naive Parallel Implementation: 14 seconds Parallel Implementation Restricting Depth: 4.7 seconds Finally, we are now faster than the framework’s Array.Sort implementation.

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