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• Is there an eSATA memory stick / thumb drive?

  - by jasondavis

  The new PC I just finished building has eSATA support. I use a USB stick/thumb drive all the time on my PC for stuff, is there an equivalent available anywhere for eSATA? Please list one product per post, and provide a link to the manufacturer's product page. Also see the USB-3 version of this question.

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• MacBook Pro 13 (mid 2010 model) - External Display Low Resolution

  - by Unknown

  I am trying to connect my ASUS VH242H (1920x1020), with my Macbook Pro. The laptop has a 320m nvidia and it should be more than enough to support an external display. I had my old laptop connected, (with a 9600mgt) and it worked fine.I am not mirroring the display I just want an extension ( if possible only the external display diplaying). Why is the external display is showing only the lower (1378x768) resolution? I am using this adapter: http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B002WUVAVE/ref=oh_details_o00_s00_i00 Any help please?

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• i7 Windows 7 laptop or Macbook Pro 15" (For making 3D model and Animation)

  - by sppdhs

  Hi everyone, I'm thinking of buying a new laptop as my current one will be 5 years old next year and it currently gives me a blue screen everytime I run a heavy software to make 3D models and animation. Question is: Should I buy Macbook Pro or a Windows 7 laptop? I tried to research and some say that Windows would be better, especially because you can buy a very high spec laptop with cheaper price. While some other say Macbook Pro is the better choice as it can run bootcamp with windows 7 100% performance on every software even though it's a mac. Is this true? Which one is actually better? Btw, the software that I usually use is 3Ds Max, Maya, and ZBrush. To note as well, I have never used a Mac before. I've checked around some stores and budget wise, I'll need around AU$3000+ to buy a Macbook pro, and AU$2000+ to buy a windows laptop. Quite a big difference in price range. Thanks in advance for your help.

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• Reimage several of the same model PC by copying the hard disk

  - by Tim Lehner

  I have several of the same machine (Dell Precision T3500) that originally came with Windows 7 Pro (there is a Windows 7 Pro OA product key sticker on top of each one). These were initially downgraded to XP by a former IT colleague, but are now back in the pool of unused machines. I am looking to format and install Windows 7 Pro on one of them using the latest official Win7 installer ISO with SP1 and then clone the hard drive to the other machines. The questions then, are: Does this even make sense, or is there a better way to do this considering I'm only doing it to 6 machines? Does this jive with MS licensing (we are the original purchaser of the machines, and thus, presumably, the license holder...but I'm no expert)? Is it possible to apply the individual 25-char product keys to the cloned machines after cloning? How far can I go in the config process (installing corporate standard apps and such) before I have to clone to the other machines considering the licensing/key questions?

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• linksys pap2t latest model

  - by JPro

  Hi guys, can anyone please tell me what is the latest version of linksys pap2t/pap2-na and does this work with any provider? I want to be able to use SIPGATE. Any ideas? Thanks.

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• e2fsck extremly slow, although enough memory exists

  - by kaefert

  I've got this external USB-Disk: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ lsusb -s 2:3 Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0bc2:3320 Seagate RSS LLC As can be seen in this dmesg output, there are some problems that prevents that disk from beeing mounted: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ dmesg | grep sdb [ 114.474342] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.475089] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [ 114.475092] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00 [ 114.475959] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 114.477093] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.501649] sdb: sdb1 [ 114.502717] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.504354] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk [ 116.804408] EXT4-fs (sdb1): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 3976 failed (47397!=61519) [ 116.804413] EXT4-fs (sdb1): group descriptors corrupted! So I went and fired up my favorite partition manager - gparted, and told it to verify and repair the partition sdb1. This made gparted call e2fsck (version 1.42.4 (12-Jun-2012)) e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb1 Although gparted called e2fsck with the "-v" option, sadly it doesn't show me the output of my e2fsck process (bugreport https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=467925 ) I started this whole thing on Sunday (2012-11-04_2200) evening, so about 48 hours ago, this is what htop says about it now (2012-11-06-1900): PID USER PRI NI VIRT RES SHR S CPU% MEM% TIME+ Command 3704 root 39 19 1560M 1166M 768 R 98.0 19.5 42h56:43 e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb1 Now I found a few posts on the internet that discuss e2fsck running slow, for example: http://gparted-forum.surf4.info/viewtopic.php?id=13613 where they write that its a good idea to see if the disk is just that slow because maybe its damaged, and I think these outputs tell me that this is not the case in my case: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing cached reads: 3562 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1783.29 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 82 MB in 3.01 seconds = 27.26 MB/sec kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo hdparm /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: multcount = 0 (off) readonly = 0 (off) readahead = 256 (on) geometry = 364801/255/63, sectors = 5860533160, start = 0 However, although I can read quickly from that disk, this disk speed doesn't seem to be used by e2fsck, considering tools like gkrellm or iotop or this: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ iostat -x Linux 3.2.0-2-amd64 (blechmobil) 2012-11-06 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14,24 47,81 14,63 0,95 0,00 22,37 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await r_await w_await svctm %util sda 0,59 8,29 2,42 5,14 43,17 160,17 53,75 0,30 39,80 8,72 54,42 3,95 2,99 sdb 137,54 5,48 9,23 0,20 587,07 22,73 129,35 0,07 7,70 7,51 16,18 2,17 2,04 Now I researched a little bit on how to find out what e2fsck is doing with all that processor time, and I found the tool strace, which gives me this: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo strace -p3704 lseek(4, 41026998272, SEEK_SET) = 41026998272 write(4, "\212\354K[_\361\3nl\212\245\352\255jR\303\354\312Yv\334p\253r\217\265\3567\325\257\3766"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404766720, SEEK_SET) = 48404766720 read(4, "\7t\260\366\346\337\304\210\33\267j\35\377'\31f\372\252\ffU\317.y\211\360\36\240c\30`\34"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 41027002368, SEEK_SET) = 41027002368 write(4, "\232]7Ws\321\352\t\1@[+5\263\334\276{\343zZx\352\21\316`1\271[\202\350R`"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404770816, SEEK_SET) = 48404770816 read(4, "\17\362r\230\327\25\346//\210H\v\311\3237\323K\304\306\361a\223\311\324\272?\213\tq \370\24"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 41027006464, SEEK_SET) = 41027006464 write(4, "\367yy>x\216?=\324Z\305\351\376&\25\244\210\271\22\306}\276\237\370(\214\205G\262\360\257#"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404774912, SEEK_SET) = 48404774912 read(4, "\365\25\0\21|T\0\21}3t_\272\373\222k\r\177\303\1\201\261\221$\261B\232\3142\21U\316"..., 4096) = 4096 ^CProcess 3704 detached around 16 of these lines every second, so 4 read and 4 write operations every second, which I don't consider to be a lot.. And finally, my question: Will this process ever finish? If those numbers from fseek (48404774912) represent bytes, that would be something like 45 gigabytes, with this beeing a 3 terrabyte disk, which would give me 134 days to go, if the speed stays constant, and he scans the disk like this completly and only once. Do you have some advice for me? I have most of the data on that disk elsewhere, but I've put a lot of hours into sorting and merging it to this disk, so I would prefer to getting this disk up and running again, without formatting it anew. I don't think that the hardware is damaged since the disk is only a few months and since I can't see any I/O errors in the dmesg output. UPDATE: I just looked at the strace output again (2012-11-06_2300), now it looks like this: lseek(4, 1419860611072, SEEK_SET) = 1419860611072 read(4, "3#\f\2447\335\0\22A\355\374\276j\204'\207|\217V|\23\245[\7VP\251\242\276\207\317:"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018145792, SEEK_SET) = 43018145792 write(4, "]\206\231\342Y\204-2I\362\242\344\6R\205\361\324\177\265\317C\334V\324\260\334\275t=\10F."..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 1419860615168, SEEK_SET) = 1419860615168 read(4, "\262\305\314Y\367\37x\326\245\226\226\320N\333$s\34\204\311\222\7\315\236\336\300TK\337\264\236\211n"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018149888, SEEK_SET) = 43018149888 write(4, "\271\224m\311\224\25!I\376\16;\377\0\223H\25Yd\201Y\342\r\203\271\24eG<\202{\373V"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 1419860619264, SEEK_SET) = 1419860619264 read(4, ";d\360\177\n\346\253\210\222|\250\352T\335M\33\260\320\261\7g\222P\344H?t\240\20\2548\310"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018153984, SEEK_SET) = 43018153984 write(4, "\360\252j\317\310\251G\227\335{\214`\341\267\31Y\202\360\v\374\307oq\3063\217Z\223\313\36D\211"..., 4096) = 4096 So this number of the lseeks before the reads, like 1419860619264 are already a lot bigger, standing for 1.29 terabytes if the numbers are bytes, so it doesn't seem to be a linear progress on a big scale, maybe there are only some areas that need work, that have big gaps in between them. (times are in CET)

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• Linux: find out what process is using all the RAM?

  - by Timur

  Before actually asking, just to be clear: yes, I know about disk cache, and no, it is not my case :) Sorry, for this preamble :) I'm using CentOS 5. Every application in the system is swapping heavily, and the system is very slow. When I do free -m, here is what I got: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3952 3929 22 0 1 18 -/+ buffers/cache: 3909 42 Swap: 16383 46 16337 So, I actually have only 42 Mb to use! As far as I understand, -/+ buffers/cache actually doesn't count the disk cache, so I indeed only have 42 Mb, right? I thought, I might be wrong, so I tried to switch off the disk caching and it had no effect - the picture remained the same. So, I decided to find out who is using all my RAM, and I used top for that. But, apparently, it reports that no process is using my RAM. The only process in my top is MySQL, but it is using 0.1% of RAM and 400Mb of swap. Same picture when I try to run other services or applications - all go in swap, top shows that MEM is not used (0.1% maximum for any process). top - 15:09:00 up 2:09, 2 users, load average: 0.02, 0.16, 0.11 Tasks: 112 total, 1 running, 111 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4046868k total, 4001368k used, 45500k free, 748k buffers Swap: 16777208k total, 68840k used, 16708368k free, 16632k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ SWAP COMMAND 3214 ntp 15 0 23412 5044 3916 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 17m ntpd 2319 root 5 -10 12648 4460 3184 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 8188 iscsid 2168 root RT 0 22120 3692 2848 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.00 17m multipathd 5113 mysql 18 0 474m 2356 856 S 0.0 0.1 0:00.11 472m mysqld 4106 root 34 19 251m 1944 1360 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.11 249m yum-updatesd 4109 root 15 0 90152 1904 1772 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.18 86m sshd 5175 root 15 0 90156 1896 1772 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.02 86m sshd Restart doesn't help, and, by they way is very slow, which I wouldn't normally expect on this machine (4 cores, 4Gb RAM, RAID1). So, with that - I'm pretty sure that this is not a disk cache, who is using the RAM, because normally it should have been reduced and let other processes to use RAM, rather then go to swap. So, finally, the question is - if someone has any ideas how to find out what process is actually using the memory so heavily?

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• SQLS Timeouts - High Reads in Profiler

  - by lb01

  I've audited a SQLS2008 server with Profiler for one day.. the overhead didn't seem to trouble this new client my company has. They are using a legacy VB6 application as a front-end. They're experiencing timeouts once SQLS RAM usage is high. The server is currently running x64 sqls2008 on a VM with nearly 9 GB of RAM. SQL Server's 'max server memory option' is currently set to 6GB. I've put the results of the trace in a table and queried them using this query. SELECT TextData, ApplicationName, Reads FROM [TraceWednesday] WHERE textdata is not null and EventClass = 12 GROUP BY TextData, ApplicationName, Reads ORDER BY Reads DESC As I expected, some values are very high. Top Reads, in pages. 2504188 1965910 1445636 1252433 1239108 1210153 1088580 1072725 Am I correct in thinking that the top one (2504188 pages) is 20033504 KB, which then is roughly ~20'000 MB, 20GB? These queries are often executed and can take quite some time to run. Eventually RAM is used up because of the cache fattening, and timeouts occur once SQL cannot 'splash' pages in the buffer pool as much. Costs go up. Am I correct in my understanding? I've read that I should tune the associated T-SQL and create appropriate indices. Obviously cutting down the I/O would make SQL Server use less RAM. OR, maybe it might just slow down the process of chewing up the whole RAM. If a lot less pages are read, maybe it'll all run much better even when usage is high? (less time swapping, etc.) Currently, our only option is to restart SQL once a week when RAM usage is high, suddenly the timeouts disappear. SQL breathes again. I'm sure lots of DBAs have been in this situation.. I'm asking before I start digging out all of the bad T-SQL and put indices here and there, is there is something else I can do? Any advice except from what I know (not much yet..) Much appreciated. Leo.

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• Late Model 2011 Macbook Pro with SSD appears to be off somehow

  - by chris

  Ok, I just got a SSD for my Macbook Pro Late-2011. The specs from what I read are that the laptop is capable of 6gbps, so I got myself a OZC Agility 240gb 6gbps SSD. Decided to join the club and speed test it with Blackmagic Disk Speed Test.. and the results are equivilent to that of a 3gbps setup. So.. I am wondering overall is there a configuration setting somewhere I can tweak? The original HD was a 500gb HDD the spinning kind. So I'm figuring maybe thats why there may be a setting somewhere hidden I dunno about that I can tweak, just wanna see if anyone else knows if this is the case. edit should also mention did a fresh factory install, nothing carried over from original hd

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• SQLS Timeouts - High Reads in Profiler

  - by lb01

  Hi I've audited a SQLS2008 server with Profiler for one day.. the overhead didn't seem to trouble this new client my company has. They are using a legacy VB6 application as a front-end. They're experiencing timeouts once SQLS RAM usage is high. The server is currently running x64 sqls2008 on a VM with nearly 9 GB of RAM. SQL Server's 'max server memory option' is currently set to 6GB. I've put the results of the trace in a table and queried them using this query. SELECT TextData, ApplicationName, Reads FROM [TraceWednesday] WHERE textdata is not null and EventClass = 12 GROUP BY TextData, ApplicationName, Reads ORDER BY Reads DESC As I expected, some values are very high. Top Reads, in pages. 2504188 1965910 1445636 1252433 1239108 1210153 1088580 1072725 Am I correct in thinking that the top one (2504188 pages) is 20033504 KB, which then is roughly ~20'000 MB, 20GB? These queries are often executed and can take quite some time to run. Eventually RAM is used up because of the cache fattening, and timeouts occur once SQL cannot 'splash' pages in the buffer pool as much. Costs go up. Am I correct in my understanding? I've read that I should tune the associated T-SQL and create appropriate indices. Obviously cutting down the I/O would make SQL Server use less RAM. OR, maybe it might just slow down the process of chewing up the whole RAM. If a lot less pages are read, maybe it'll all run much better even when usage is high? (less time swapping, etc.) Currently, our only option is to restart SQL once a week when RAM usage is high, suddenly the timeouts disappear. SQL breathes again. I'm sure lots of DBAs have been in this situation.. I'm asking before I start digging out all of the bad T-SQL and put indices here and there, is there is something else I can do? Any advice except from what I know (not much yet..) Much appreciated. Leo.

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• Reset disk does not work for different model of computer

  - by dato

  I've created a reset USB disk on my HP computer, with Windows 7 Ultimate 32-bit, and it works fine. However, it does not work for Acer computers (notebooks too), so what is the problem here? I've have created it for the same user named user, and the password is exactly the same as well. Is it possible to show the language bar with a keyboard shortcut at the logon screen in Windows 7? I know I can do it through Control Panel, but I can't log into the system. When I click Reset Passwword, it shows me my USB flash drive and says that the password hint is on this USB drive. Then I click Next and type the new passwword, then confirm this new password, but an error dialog is shown. It says that an error occured when trying to change the password for this user-

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• The instruction at “0x7c910a19” referenced memory at “oxffffffff”. The memory could not be “read”

  - by ClareBear

  Hello guys/girls I have a small issue, I receive the following error before the .vbs terminates. I don't know why this error is thrown. Below is the process of the .vbs file: Call ImportTransactions() Call UpdateTransactions() Function ImportTransactions() Dim objConnection, objCommand, objRecordset, strOracle Dim strSQL, objRecordsetInsert Set objConnection = CreateObject("ADODB.Connection") objConnection.Open "DSN=*****;UID=*****;PWD==*****;" Set objCommand = CreateObject("ADODB.Command") Set objRecordset = CreateObject("ADODB.Recordset") strOracle = "SELECT query here from Oracle database" objCommand.CommandText = strOracle objCommand.CommandType = 1 objCommand.CommandTimeout = 0 Set objCommand.ActiveConnection = objConnection objRecordset.cursorType = 0 objRecordset.cursorlocation = 3 objRecordset.Open objCommand, , 1, 3 If objRecordset.EOF = False Then Do Until objRecordset.EOF = True strSQL = "INSERT query here into SQL database" strSQL = Query(strSQL) Call RunSQL(strSQL, objRecordsetInsert, False, conTimeOut, conServer, conDatabase, conUsername, conPassword) objRecordset.MoveNext Loop End If objRecordset.Close() Set objRecordset = Nothing Set objRecordsetInsert = Nothing End Function Function UpdateTransactions() Dim strSQLUpdateVAT, strSQLUpdateCodes Dim objRecordsetVAT, objRecordsetUpdateCodes strSQLUpdateVAT = "UPDATE query here SET [value:costing output] = ([value:costing output] * -1)" Call RunSQL(strSQLUpdateVAT, objRecordsetVAT, False, conTimeOut, conServer, conDatabase, conUsername, conPassword) strSQLUpdateCodes = "UPDATE query here SET [value:costing output] = ([value:costing output] * -1) different WHERE clause" Call RunSQL(strSQLUpdateCodes, objRecordsetUpdateCodes, False, conTimeOut, conServer, conDatabase, conUsername, conPassword) Set objRecordsetVAT = Nothing Set objRecordsetUpdateCodes = Nothing End Function It does both the import and update and seems to throw this error after. If I comment out the ImportTransactions it doesnt throw a error, however I have produced similar code for another vbs file and this does not throw any errors Thanks in advance for any help, Clare

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• In Ruby, how to I read memory values from an external process?

  - by grg-n-sox

  So all I simply want to do is make a Ruby program that reads some values from known memory address in another process's virtual memory. Through my research and basic knowledge of hex editing a running process's x86 assembly in memory, I have found the base address and offsets for the values in memory I want. I do not want to change them; I just want to read them. I asked a developer of a memory editor how to approach this abstract of language and assuming a Windows platform. He told me the Win32API calls for OpenProcess, CreateProcess, ReadProcessMemory, and WriteProcessMemory were the way to go using either C or C++. I think that the way to go would be just using the Win32API class and mapping two instances of it; One for either OpenProcess or CreateProcess, depending on if the user already has th process running or not, and another instance will be mapped to ReadProcessMemory. I probably still need to find the function for getting the list of running processes so I know which running process is the one I want if it is running already. This would take some work to put all together, but I am figuring it wouldn't be too bad to code up. It is just a new area of programming for me since I have never worked this low level from a high level language (well, higher level than C anyways). I am just wondering of the ways to approach this. I could just use a bunch or Win32API calls, but that means having to deal with a bunch of string and array pack and unpacking that is system dependant I want to eventually make this work cross-platform since the process I am reading from is produced from an executable that has multiple platform builds, (I know the memory address changes from system to system. The idea is to have a flat file that contains all memory mappings so the Ruby program can just match the current platform environment to the matching memory mapping.) but from the looks of things I'll just have to make a class that wraps whatever is the current platform's system shared library memory related function calls. For all I know, there could already exist a Ruby gem that takes care of all of this for me that I am just not finding. I could also possibly try editing the executables for each build to make it so whenever the memory values I want to read from are written to by the process, it also writes a copy of the new value to a space in shared memory that I somehow have Ruby make an instance of a class that is a pointer under the hood to that shared memory address and somehow signal to the Ruby program that the value was updated and should be reloaded. Basically a interrupt based system would be nice, but since the purpose of reading these values is just to send to a scoreboard broadcasted from a central server, I could just stick to a polling based system that sends updates at fixed time intervals. I also could just abandon Ruby altogether and go for C or C++ but I do not know those nearly as well. I actually know more x86 than C++ and I only know C as far as system independent ANSI C and have never dealt with shared system libraries before. So is there a gem or lesser known module available that has already done this? If not, then any additional information as to how to accomplish this would be nice. I guess, long story short, how do I do all this? Thanks in advance, Grg PS: Also a confirmation that those Win32API calls should be aimed at the kernel32.dll library would be nice.

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• Problem implementing Blinn–Phong shading model

  - by Joe Hopfgartner

  I did this very simple, perfectly working, implementation of Phong Relflection Model (There is no ambience implemented yet, but that doesn't bother me for now). The functions should be self explaining. /** * Implements the classic Phong illumination Model using a reflected light * vector. */ public class PhongIllumination implements IlluminationModel { @RGBParam(r = 0, g = 0, b = 0) public Vec3 ambient; @RGBParam(r = 1, g = 1, b = 1) public Vec3 diffuse; @RGBParam(r = 1, g = 1, b = 1) public Vec3 specular; @FloatParam(value = 20, min = 1, max = 200.0f) public float shininess; /* * Calculate the intensity of light reflected to the viewer . * * @param P = The surface position expressed in world coordinates. * * @param V = Normalized viewing vector from surface to eye in world * coordinates. * * @param N = Normalized normal vector at surface point in world * coordinates. * * @param surfaceColor = surfaceColor Color of the surface at the current * position. * * @param lights = The active light sources in the scene. * * @return Reflected light intensity I. */ public Vec3 shade(Vec3 P, Vec3 V, Vec3 N, Vec3 surfaceColor, Light lights[]) { Vec3 surfaceColordiffused = Vec3.mul(surfaceColor, diffuse); Vec3 totalintensity = new Vec3(0, 0, 0); for (int i = 0; i < lights.length; i++) { Vec3 L = lights[i].calcDirection(P); N = N.normalize(); V = V.normalize(); Vec3 R = Vec3.reflect(L, N); // reflection vector float diffuseLight = Vec3.dot(N, L); float specularLight = Vec3.dot(V, R); if (diffuseLight > 0) { totalintensity = Vec3.add(Vec3.mul(Vec3.mul( surfaceColordiffused, lights[i].calcIntensity(P)), diffuseLight), totalintensity); if (specularLight > 0) { Vec3 Il = lights[i].calcIntensity(P); Vec3 Ilincident = Vec3.mul(Il, Math.max(0.0f, Vec3 .dot(N, L))); Vec3 intensity = Vec3.mul(Vec3.mul(specular, Ilincident), (float) Math.pow(specularLight, shininess)); totalintensity = Vec3.add(totalintensity, intensity); } } } return totalintensity; } } Now i need to adapt it to become a Blinn-Phong illumination model I used the formulas from hearn and baker, followed pseudocodes and tried to implement it multiple times according to wikipedia articles in several languages but it never worked. I just get no specular reflections or they are so weak and/or are at the wrong place and/or have the wrong color. From the numerous wrong implementations I post some little code that already seems to be wrong. So I calculate my Half Way vector and my new specular light like so: Vec3 H = Vec3.mul(Vec3.add(L.normalize(), V), Vec3.add(L.normalize(), V).length()); float specularLight = Vec3.dot(H, N); With theese little changes it should already work (maby not with correct intensity but basically it should be correct). But the result is wrong. Here are two images. Left how it should render correctly and right how it renders. If i lower the shininess factor you can see a little specular light at the top right: Altough I understand the concept of Phong illumination and also the simplified more performant adaptaion of blinn phong I am trying around for days and just cant get it to work. Any help is appriciated. Edit: I was made aware of an error by this answer, that i am mutiplying by |L+V| instead of dividing by it when calculating H. I changed to deviding doing so: Vec3 H = Vec3.mul(Vec3.add(L.normalize(), V), 1/Vec3.add(L.normalize(), V).length()); Unfortunately this doesnt change much. The results look like this: and if I rise the specular constant and lower the shininess You can see the effects more clearly in a smilar wrong way: However this division just the normalisation. I think I am missing one step. Because the formulas like this just dont make sense to me. If you look at this picture: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Blinn-Phong_vectors.svg The projection of H to N is far less than V to R. And if you imagine changing the vector V in the picture the angle is the same when the viewing vector is "on the left side". and becomes more and more different when going to the right. I pesonally would multiply the whole projection by two to become something similiar (and the hole point is to avoid the calculation of R). Altough I didnt read anythinga bout that anywehre i am gonna try this out... Result: The intension of the specular light is far too much (white areas) and the position is still wrong. I think I am messing something else up because teh reflection are just at the wrong place. But what? Edit: Now I read on wikipedia in the notes that the angle of N/H is in fact approximalty half or V/R. To compensate that i should multiply my shineness exponent by 4 rather than my projection. If i do that I end up with this: Far to intense but still one thing. The projection is at the wrong place. Where could i mess up my vectors?

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• Saving a Join Model

  - by Thorpe Obazee

  I've been reading the cookbook for a while now and still don't get how I'm supposed to do this: My original problem was this: A related Model isn't being validated From RabidFire's commment: If you want to count the number of Category models that a new Post is associated with (on save), then you need to do this in the beforeSave function as I've mentioned. As you've currently set up your models, you don't need to use the multiple rule anywhere. If you really, really want to validate against a list of Category IDs for some reason, then create a join model, and validate category_id with the multiple rule there. Now, I have these models and are now validating. The problem now is that data isn't being saved in the Join Table: class Post extends AppModel { var $name = 'Post'; var $hasMany = array( 'CategoryPost' => array( 'className' => 'CategoryPost' ) ); var $belongsTo = array( 'Page' => array( 'className' => 'Page' ) ); class Category extends AppModel { var $name = 'Category'; var $hasMany = array( 'CategoryPost' => array( 'className' => 'CategoryPost' ) ); class CategoryPost extends AppModel { var $name = 'CategoryPost'; var $validate = array( 'category_id' => array( 'rule' => array('multiple', array('in' => array(1, 2, 3, 4))), 'required' => FALSE, 'message' => 'Please select one, two or three options' ) ); var $belongsTo = array( 'Post' => array( 'className' => 'Post' ), 'Category' => array( 'className' => 'Category' ) ); This is the new Form: <div id="content-wrap"> <div id="main"> <h2>Add Post</h2> <?php echo $this->Session->flash();?> <div> <?php echo $this->Form->create('Post'); echo $this->Form->input('Post.title'); echo $this->Form->input('CategoryPost.category_id', array('multiple' => 'checkbox')); echo $this->Form->input('Post.body', array('rows' => '3')); echo $this->Form->input('Page.meta_keywords'); echo $this->Form->input('Page.meta_description'); echo $this->Form->end('Save Post'); ?> </div> <!-- main ends --> </div> The data I am producing from the form is as follows: Array ( [Post] => Array ( [title] => 1234 [body] => 1234 ) [CategoryPost] => Array ( [category_id] => Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 ) ) [Page] => Array ( [meta_keywords] => 1234 [meta_description] => 1234 [title] => 1234 [layout] => index ) ) UPDATE: controller action //Controller action function admin_add() { // pr(Debugger::trace()); $this->set('categories', $this->Post->CategoryPost->Category->find('list')); if ( ! empty($this->data)) { $this->data['Page']['title'] = $this->data['Post']['title']; $this->data['Page']['layout'] = 'index'; debug($this->data); if ($this->Post->saveAll($this->data)) { $this->Session->setFlash('Your post has been saved', 'flash_good'); $this->redirect($this->here); } } } UPDATE #2: Should I just do this manually? The problem is that the join tables doesn't have things saved in it. Is there something I'm missing? UPDATE #3 RabidFire gave me a solution. I already did this before and am quite surprised as so why it didn't work. Thus, me asking here. The reason I think there is something wrong. I don't know where: Post beforeSave: function beforeSave() { if (empty($this->id)) { $this->data[$this->name]['uri'] = $this->getUniqueUrl($this->data[$this->name]['title']); } if (isset($this->data['CategoryPost']['category_id']) && is_array($this->data['CategoryPost']['category_id'])) { echo 'test'; $categoryPosts = array(); foreach ($this->data['CategoryPost']['category_id'] as $categoryId) { $categoryPost = array( 'category_id' => $categoryId ); array_push($categoryPosts, $categoryPost); } $this->data['CategoryPost'] = $categoryPosts; } debug($this->data); // Gives RabidFire's correct array for saving. return true; } My Post action: function admin_add() { // pr(Debugger::trace()); $this->set('categories', $this->Post->CategoryPost->Category->find('list')); if ( ! empty($this->data)) { $this->data['Page']['title'] = $this->data['Post']['title']; $this->data['Page']['layout'] = 'index'; debug($this->data); // First debug is giving the correct array as above. if ($this->Post->saveAll($this->data)) { debug($this->data); // STILL gives the above array. which shouldn't be because of the beforeSave in the Post Model // $this->Session->setFlash('Your post has been saved', 'flash_good'); // $this->redirect($this->here); } } }

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• .NET 3.5SP1 64-bit memory model vs. 32-bit memory model

  - by James Dunne

  As I understand it, the .NET memory model on a 32-bit machine guarantees 32-bit word writes and reads to be atomic operations but does not provide this guarantee on 64-bit words. I have written a quick tool to demonstrate this effect on a Windows XP 32-bit OS and am getting results consistent with that memory model description. However, I have taken this same tool's executable and run it on a Windows 7 Enterprise 64-bit OS and am getting wildly different results. Both the machines are identical specs just with different OSes installed. I would have expected that the .NET memory model would guarantee writes and reads to BOTH 32-bit and 64-bit words to be atomic on a 64-bit OS. I find results completely contrary to BOTH assumptions. 32-bit reads and writes are not demonstrated to be atomic on this OS. Can someone explain to me why this fails on a 64-bit OS? Tool code: using System; using System.Threading; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { var th = new Thread(new ThreadStart(RunThread)); var th2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(RunThread)); int lastRecordedInt = 0; long lastRecordedLong = 0L; th.Start(); th2.Start(); while (!done) { int newIntValue = intValue; long newLongValue = longValue; if (lastRecordedInt > newIntValue) Console.WriteLine("BING(int)! {0} > {1}, {2}", lastRecordedInt, newIntValue, (lastRecordedInt - newIntValue)); if (lastRecordedLong > newLongValue) Console.WriteLine("BING(long)! {0} > {1}, {2}", lastRecordedLong, newLongValue, (lastRecordedLong - newLongValue)); lastRecordedInt = newIntValue; lastRecordedLong = newLongValue; } th.Join(); th2.Join(); Console.WriteLine("{0} =? {2}, {1} =? {3}", intValue, longValue, Int32.MaxValue / 2, (long)Int32.MaxValue + (Int32.MaxValue / 2)); } private static long longValue = Int32.MaxValue; private static int intValue; private static bool done = false; static void RunThread() { for (int i = 0; i < Int32.MaxValue / 4; ++i) { ++longValue; ++intValue; } done = true; } } } Results on Windows XP 32-bit: Windows XP 32-bit Intel Core2 Duo P8700 @ 2.53GHz BING(long)! 2161093208 > 2161092246, 962 BING(long)! 2162448397 > 2161273312, 1175085 BING(long)! 2270110050 > 2270109040, 1010 BING(long)! 2270115061 > 2270110059, 5002 BING(long)! 2558052223 > 2557528157, 524066 BING(long)! 2571660540 > 2571659563, 977 BING(long)! 2646433569 > 2646432557, 1012 BING(long)! 2660841714 > 2660840732, 982 BING(long)! 2661795522 > 2660841715, 953807 BING(long)! 2712855281 > 2712854239, 1042 BING(long)! 2737627472 > 2735210929, 2416543 1025780885 =? 1073741823, 3168207035 =? 3221225470 Notice how BING(int) is never written and demonstrates that 32-bit reads/writes are atomic on this 32-bit OS. Results on Windows 7 Enterprise 64-bit: Windows 7 Enterprise 64-bit Intel Core2 Duo P8700 @ 2.53GHz BING(long)! 2208482159 > 2208121217, 360942 BING(int)! 280292777 > 279704627, 588150 BING(int)! 308158865 > 308131694, 27171 BING(long)! 2549116628 > 2548884894, 231734 BING(int)! 534815527 > 534708027, 107500 BING(int)! 545113548 > 544270063, 843485 BING(long)! 2710030799 > 2709941968, 88831 BING(int)! 668662394 > 667539649, 1122745 1006355562 =? 1073741823, 3154727581 =? 3221225470 Notice that BING(long) AND BING(int) are both displayed! Why are the 32-bit operations failing, let alone the 64-bit ones?

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• How to Best Optimize up Model Transforms, Import 3DS Animations Into XNA 4.0?

  - by Jason R. Mick

  Relative beginner to XNA, but trying to build a multi-purpose (3D) game frameworking in XNA 4. Been using the Reed (O'Reilly) and Cawood/McGee (McGraw Hill) guides. My question is multi-faceted and involves how to most efficiently handle models. I'm using 3DS Max 2010 with kw-Xport to ship out my models as .X files. Solved an early problem by using my depth stencil state. My models are now loading properly (yay!) and I have basic bounding working, I just want to optimize transforming models and get animations working as a next step. My questions on models are: 1. Do you have any suggestions for good resources on exporting 3DS animations to XNA? I've seen some resources on how to handle animations in XNA, but most skimp on basic topics of how to convert multi-animation 3DS files. For example how do I take one big long string of keyframed animations (say running, frame 5-20, climbing frames 25-45, etc.) and turned them into named XNA animations. To my understanding every XNA animation has to have a name, but I haven't seen any tutorials on creating a new named animation from a subset of frames. 2. Is it faster to load a model once and animate/transform that base model on the fly @ draw time, or to load multiple models? My game will have multiple enemies, and I've already seen some lagginess in XNA, so II want to make my code efficient... 3. I've heard people on app hub talking about making custom content processors for models-- what is the benefit of this? Does it speed up transforming or animating the models? If so, can you point me towards any good (model-centric) tutorials? (I've built a custom height map content processor to generate terrain, following Cawood's examples, I'm just a bit confused as to how a model content processor would be implemented.)

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• Where is it permissible to add logging code in a MVC model?

  - by BDotA

  Working on a C# WinForms program that is written in a MVC ( actually Model-View-Presenter) style and I want to add a few lines of code that is responsible for logging some events. Where should I write two or three lines of code that I need? Should I write it in the Presenter section? To get an idea, here is some lines of sample code that already exists in the Save() metohd in Company.MyApplication.Presenter.MyPresenter.cs class: he has written codes lie the following in this part of presenter: private void Save(Helper.SaveStatusEnum status) { if (notification.CheckLocks(orderIdCollection)) { using (new HourglassController()) { controller.FireActiveCellLeaving(); ViewDocumentedValues(); int result = saveController.Save(status); if (result == Helper.SAVE_SUCCESSFUL) { // IS IT OK TO WRITE MY COUPLE LINES OF CODE IN HERE??????????? model.Dirty = false; if ((model.CurrentStatus == Helper.OrderStatusEnum.Complete) || (model.CurrentStatus == Helper.OrderStatusEnum.Corrected)) { controller.EnableDisableSheet(false); } CheckApplicationState(); SheetHelper.ClearUnsavedDataRowImage(view.ActiveSheet); } else { MessageBox.Show("An unexpected error occuring trying to save."); } } } }

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• OBI already has a caching mechanism in presentation layer and BI server layer. How is the new in-memory caching better for performance?

  - by Varun

  Question: OBI already has a caching mechanism in presentation layer and BI server layer. How is the new in-memory caching better for performance? Answer: OBI Caching only speeds up what has been seen before. An In-memory data structure generated by the summary advisor is optimized to provide maximum value by accounting for the expected broad usage and drilldowns. It is possible to adapt the in-memory data to seasonality by running the summary advisor on specific workloads. Moreover, the in-memory data is created in an analytic database providing maximum performance for the large amount of memory available.

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• How can I determine which GPU card is running at PCI Express 2.0 x16 & which is using x8?

  - by M. Tibbits

  Is there a way to determine the speed of the PCI Express connection to a specific card? I have three cards plugged in: two Nvidia GTX 480's (one at x16 & and one at x8) one Nvidia GTX 460 running at x8 Is there some way, either by a function call in C or an option to lspci that I can determine the bus speed of the graphics cards? When I only use one of the cards for my CUDA program, I'd like to use the one which is running at x16. Thanks! Note: lspci -vvv dumps out For the two GTX 480s. I don't see any differences that pertain to bus speed. 03:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation Device 06c0 (rev a3) Subsystem: eVga.com. Corp. Device 1480 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16 Region 0: Memory at d4000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=32M] Region 1: Memory at b0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=128M] Region 3: Memory at bc000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=64M] Region 5: I/O ports at df00 [disabled] [size=128] [virtual] Expansion ROM at b8000000 [disabled] [size=512K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: nvidia Kernel modules: nvidia, nvidiafb, nouveau 03:00.1 Audio device: nVidia Corporation Device 0be5 (rev a1) Subsystem: eVga.com. Corp. Device 1480 Control: I/O- Mem- BusMaster- SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 5 Region 0: [virtual] Memory at d7ffc000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [disabled] [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> 04:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation Device 06c0 (rev a3) Subsystem: eVga.com. Corp. Device 1480 Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0 Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 16 Region 0: Memory at dc000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=32M] Region 1: Memory at c0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=128M] Region 3: Memory at cc000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=64M] Region 5: I/O ports at cf00 [size=128] [virtual] Expansion ROM at c8000000 [disabled] [size=512K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: nvidia Kernel modules: nvidia, nvidiafb, nouveau 04:00.1 Audio device: nVidia Corporation Device 0be5 (rev a1) Subsystem: eVga.com. Corp. Device 1480 Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx- Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Interrupt: pin B routed to IRQ 5 Region 0: Memory at dfffc000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> And the only differences I see relate specifically to the memory mapping: myComputer:~> diff card1 card2 3c3 < Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- --- > Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 7,11c7,11 < Region 0: Memory at d4000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=32M] < Region 1: Memory at b0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=128M] < Region 3: Memory at bc000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=64M] < Region 5: I/O ports at df00 [disabled] [size=128] < [virtual] Expansion ROM at b8000000 [disabled] [size=512K] --- > Region 0: Memory at dc000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=32M] > Region 1: Memory at c0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=128M] > Region 3: Memory at cc000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=64M] > Region 5: I/O ports at cf00 [size=128] > [virtual] Expansion ROM at c8000000 [disabled] [size=512K] 18c18 < Control: I/O- Mem- BusMaster- SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- --- > Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- 19a20 > Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 64 bytes 21c22 < Region 0: [virtual] Memory at d7ffc000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [disabled] [size=16K] --- > Region 0: Memory at dfffc000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]

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• How do I keep a 3D model on the screen in OpenGL?

  - by NoobScratcher

  I'm trying to keep a 3D model on the screen by placing my glDrawElement functions inside the draw function with the declarations at the top of .cpp. When I render the model, the model attaches it self to the current vertex buffer object. This is because my whole graphical user interface is in 2D quads except the window frame. Is there a way to avoid this from happening? or any common causes of this? Creating the file object: int index = IndexAssigner(1, 1); //make a fileobject and store list and the index of that list in a c string ifstream file (list[index].c_str() ); //Make another string //string line; points.push_back(Point()); Point p; int face[4]; Model rendering code: int numfloats = 4; float* point=reinterpret_cast<float*>(&points[0]); int num_bytes=numfloats*sizeof(float); cout << "Size Of Point" << sizeof(Point) << endl; GLuint vertexbuffer; glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao[3]); glGenBuffers(1, &vertexbuffer); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexbuffer); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, points.size()*sizeof(points), points.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW); glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, num_bytes, &points[0]); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, points.size(), &points[0]); glEnableClientState(GL_INDEX_ARRAY); glIndexPointer(GL_FLOAT, faces.size(), faces.data()); glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, points.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, points.data()); glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, faces.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, faces.data());

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• Caching by in-memory dictionaries. Are we doing it all wrong?

  - by user73983

  This approach is pretty much the accepted way to do anything in our company. A simple example : when a piece of data for a customer is requested from a service, we fetch all the data for that customer(relevant part to the service) and save it in a in-memory dictionary then serve it from there on following requests(we run singleton services). Any update goes to DB, then updates the in memory dictionary. It seems all simple and harmless but as we implement more complicated business rules the cache gets out of sync and we have to deal with hard to find bugs. Sometimes we defer writing to database, keeping new data in cache till then. There are cases when we store millions of rows in memory because the table has many relations to other tables and we need to show aggregate data quickly. All this cache handling is a big part of our codebase and I sense this is not the right way to do it. All of this juggling adds too much noise to the code and it makes it hard to understand the actual business logic. However I don't think we can serve data in a reasonable amount of time if we have to hit the database every time. I am unhappy about the current situation but I don't have a better alternative. My only solution would be to use NHibernate 2nd level cache but I have nearly no experience with it. I know many campanies use Redis or MemCached heavily to gain performance but I have no idea how I would integrate them into our system. I also don't know if they can perform better than in-memory data structures and queries. Are there any alternative approaches that I should look into?

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• How can I render a semi transparent model with OpenGL correctly?

  - by phobitor

  I'm using OpenGL ES 2 and I want to render a simple model with some level of transparency. I'm just starting out with shaders, and I wrote a simple diffuse shader for the model without any issues but I don't know how to add transparency to it. I tried to set my fragment shader's output (gl_FragColor) to a non opaque alpha value but the results weren't too great. It sort of works, but it looks like certain model triangles are only rendered based on the camera position... It's really hard to describe what's wrong so please watch this short video I recorded: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0JqA0rZabE I thought this was a depth testing issue so I tried playing around with enabling/disabling depth testing and back face culling. Enabling back face culling changes the output slightly but the problem in the video is still there. Enabling/disabling depth testing doesn't seem to do anything. Could anyone explain what I'm seeing and how I can add some simple transparency to my model with the shader? I'm not looking for advanced order independent transparency implementations. edit: Vertex Shader: // color varying for fragment shader varying mediump vec3 LightIntensity; varying highp vec3 VertexInModelSpace; void main() { // vec4 LightPosition = vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0); vec3 LightColor = vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0); vec3 DiffuseColor = vec3(1.0, 0.25, 0.0); // find the vector from the given vertex to the light source vec4 vertexInWorldSpace = gl_ModelViewMatrix * vec4(gl_Vertex); vec3 normalInWorldSpace = normalize(gl_NormalMatrix * gl_Normal); vec3 lightDirn = normalize(vec3(LightPosition-vertexInWorldSpace)); // save vertexInWorldSpace VertexInModelSpace = vec3(gl_Vertex); // calculate light intensity LightIntensity = LightColor * DiffuseColor * max(dot(lightDirn,normalInWorldSpace),0.0); // calculate projected vertex position gl_Position = gl_ModelViewProjectionMatrix * gl_Vertex; } Fragment Shader: // varying to define color varying vec3 LightIntensity; varying vec3 VertexInModelSpace; void main() { gl_FragColor = vec4(LightIntensity,0.5); }

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• General monitoring for SQL Server Analysis Services using Performance Monitor

  - by Testas

  A recent customer engagement required a setup of a monitoring solution for SSAS, due to the time restrictions placed upon this, native Windows Performance Monitor (Perfmon) and SQL Server Profiler Monitoring Tools was used as using a third party tool would have meant the customer providing an additional monitoring server that was not available.I wanted to outline the performance monitoring counters that was used to monitor the system on which SSAS was running. Due to the slow query performance that was occurring during certain scenarios, perfmon was used to establish if any pressure was being placed on the Disk, CPU or Memory subsystem when concurrent connections access the same query, and Profiler to pinpoint how the query was being managed within SSAS, profiler I will leave for another blogThis guide is not designed to provide a definitive list of what should be used when monitoring SSAS, different situations may require the addition or removal of counters as presented by the situation. However I hope that it serves as a good basis for starting your monitoring of SSAS. I would also like to acknowledge Chris Webb’s awesome chapters from “Expert Cube Development” that also helped shape my monitoring strategy:http://cwebbbi.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!7B84B0F2C239489A!6657.entrySimulating ConnectionsTo simulate the additional connections to the SSAS server whilst monitoring, I used ascmd to simulate multiple connections to the typical and worse performing queries that were identified by the customer. A similar sript can be downloaded from codeplex at http://www.codeplex.com/SQLSrvAnalysisSrvcs.     File name: ASCMD_StressTestingScripts.zip. Performance MonitorWithin performance monitor,  a counter log was created that contained the list of counters below. The important point to note when running the counter log is that the RUN AS property within the counter log properties should be changed to an account that has rights to the SSAS instance when monitoring MSAS counters. Failure to do so means that the counter log runs under the system account, no errors or warning are given while running the counter log, and it is not until you need to view the MSAS counters that they will not be displayed if run under the default account that has no right to SSAS. If your connection simulation takes hours, this could prove quite frustrating if not done beforehand JThe counters used……  Object Counter Instance Justification System Processor Queue legnth N/A Indicates how many threads are waiting for execution against the processor. If this counter is consistently higher than around 5 when processor utilization approaches 100%, then this is a good indication that there is more work (active threads) available (ready for execution) than the machine's processors are able to handle. System Context Switches/sec N/A Measures how frequently the processor has to switch from user- to kernel-mode to handle a request from a thread running in user mode. The heavier the workload running on your machine, the higher this counter will generally be, but over long term the value of this counter should remain fairly constant. If this counter suddenly starts increasing however, it may be an indicating of a malfunctioning device, especially if the Processor\Interrupts/sec\(_Total) counter on your machine shows a similar unexplained increase Process % Processor Time sqlservr Definately should be used if Processor\% Processor Time\(_Total) is maxing at 100% to assess the effect of the SQL Server process on the processor Process % Processor Time msmdsrv Definately should be used if Processor\% Processor Time\(_Total) is maxing at 100% to assess the effect of the SQL Server process on the processor Process Working Set sqlservr If the Memory\Available bytes counter is decreaing this counter can be run to indicate if the process is consuming larger and larger amounts of RAM. Process(instance)\Working Set measures the size of the working set for each process, which indicates the number of allocated pages the process can address without generating a page fault. Process Working Set msmdsrv If the Memory\Available bytes counter is decreaing this counter can be run to indicate if the process is consuming larger and larger amounts of RAM. Process(instance)\Working Set measures the size of the working set for each process, which indicates the number of allocated pages the process can address without generating a page fault. Processor % Processor Time _Total and individual cores measures the total utilization of your processor by all running processes. If multi-proc then be mindful only an average is provided Processor % Privileged Time _Total To see how the OS is handling basic IO requests. If kernel mode utilization is high, your machine is likely underpowered as it's too busy handling basic OS housekeeping functions to be able to effectively run other applications. Processor % User Time _Total To see how the applications is interacting from a processor perspective, a high percentage utilisation determine that the server is dealing with too many apps and may require increasing thje hardware or scaling out Processor Interrupts/sec _Total  The average rate, in incidents per second, at which the processor received and serviced hardware interrupts. Shoulr be consistant over time but a sudden unexplained increase could indicate a device malfunction which can be confirmed using the System\Context Switches/sec counter Memory Pages/sec N/A Indicates the rate at which pages are read from or written to disk to resolve hard page faults. This counter is a primary indicator of the kinds of faults that cause system-wide delays, this is the primary counter to watch for indication of possible insufficient RAM to meet your server's needs. A good idea here is to configure a perfmon alert that triggers when the number of pages per second exceeds 50 per paging disk on your system. May also want to see the configuration of the page file on the Server Memory Available Mbytes N/A is the amount of physical memory, in bytes, available to processes running on the computer. if this counter is greater than 10% of the actual RAM in your machine then you probably have more than enough RAM. monitor it regularly to see if any downward trend develops, and set an alert to trigger if it drops below 2% of the installed RAM. Physical Disk Disk Transfers/sec for each physical disk If it goes above 10 disk I/Os per second then you've got poor response time for your disk. Physical Disk Idle Time _total If Disk Transfers/sec is above  25 disk I/Os per second use this counter. which measures the percent time that your hard disk is idle during the measurement interval, and if you see this counter fall below 20% then you've likely got read/write requests queuing up for your disk which is unable to service these requests in a timely fashion. Physical Disk Disk queue legnth For the OLAP and SQL physical disk A value that is consistently less than 2 means that the disk system is handling the IO requests against the physical disk Network Interface Bytes Total/sec For the NIC Should be monitored over a period of time to see if there is anb increase/decrease in network utilisation Network Interface Current Bandwidth For the NIC is an estimate of the current bandwidth of the network interface in bits per second (BPS). MSAS 2005: Memory Memory Limit High KB N/A Shows (as a percentage) the high memory limit configured for SSAS in C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSAS10.MSSQLSERVER\OLAP\Config\msmdsrv.ini MSAS 2005: Memory Memory Limit Low KB N/A Shows (as a percentage) the low memory limit configured for SSAS in C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSAS10.MSSQLSERVER\OLAP\Config\msmdsrv.ini MSAS 2005: Memory Memory Usage KB N/A Displays the memory usage of the server process. MSAS 2005: Memory File Store KB N/A Displays the amount of memory that is reserved for the Cache. Note if total memory limit in the msmdsrv.ini is set to 0, no memory is reserved for the cache MSAS 2005: Storage Engine Query Queries from Cache Direct / sec N/A Displays the rate of queries answered from the cache directly MSAS 2005: Storage Engine Query Queries from Cache Filtered / Sec N/A Displays the Rate of queries answered by filtering existing cache entry. MSAS 2005: Storage Engine Query Queries from File / Sec N/A Displays the Rate of queries answered from files. MSAS 2005: Storage Engine Query Average time /query N/A Displays the average time of a query MSAS 2005: Connection Current connections N/A Displays the number of connections against the SSAS instance MSAS 2005: Connection Requests / sec N/A Displays the rate of query requests per second MSAS 2005: Locks Current Lock Waits N/A Displays thhe number of connections waiting on a lock MSAS 2005: Threads Query Pool job queue Length N/A The number of queries in the job queue MSAS 2005:Proc Aggregations Temp file bytes written/sec N/A Shows the number of bytes of data processed in a temporary file MSAS 2005:Proc Aggregations Temp file rows written/sec N/A Shows the number of bytes of data processed in a temporary file 

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• How accurate is "Business logic should be in a service, not in a model"?

  - by Jeroen Vannevel

  Situation Earlier this evening I gave an answer to a question on StackOverflow. The question: Editing of an existing object should be done in repository layer or in service? For example if I have a User that has debt. I want to change his debt. Should I do it in UserRepository or in service for example BuyingService by getting an object, editing it and saving it ? My answer: You should leave the responsibility of mutating an object to that same object and use the repository to retrieve this object. Example situation: class User { private int debt; // debt in cents private string name; // getters public void makePayment(int cents){ debt -= cents; } } class UserRepository { public User GetUserByName(string name){ // Get appropriate user from database } } A comment I received: Business logic should really be in a service. Not in a model. What does the internet say? So, this got me searching since I've never really (consciously) used a service layer. I started reading up on the Service Layer pattern and the Unit Of Work pattern but so far I can't say I'm convinced a service layer has to be used. Take for example this article by Martin Fowler on the anti-pattern of an Anemic Domain Model: There are objects, many named after the nouns in the domain space, and these objects are connected with the rich relationships and structure that true domain models have. The catch comes when you look at the behavior, and you realize that there is hardly any behavior on these objects, making them little more than bags of getters and setters. Indeed often these models come with design rules that say that you are not to put any domain logic in the the domain objects. Instead there are a set of service objects which capture all the domain logic. These services live on top of the domain model and use the domain model for data. (...) The logic that should be in a domain object is domain logic - validations, calculations, business rules - whatever you like to call it. To me, this seemed exactly what the situation was about: I advocated the manipulation of an object's data by introducing methods inside that class that do just that. However I realize that this should be a given either way, and it probably has more to do with how these methods are invoked (using a repository). I also had the feeling that in that article (see below), a Service Layer is more considered as a façade that delegates work to the underlying model, than an actual work-intensive layer. Application Layer [his name for Service Layer]: Defines the jobs the software is supposed to do and directs the expressive domain objects to work out problems. The tasks this layer is responsible for are meaningful to the business or necessary for interaction with the application layers of other systems. This layer is kept thin. It does not contain business rules or knowledge, but only coordinates tasks and delegates work to collaborations of domain objects in the next layer down. It does not have state reflecting the business situation, but it can have state that reflects the progress of a task for the user or the program. Which is reinforced here: Service interfaces. Services expose a service interface to which all inbound messages are sent. You can think of a service interface as a façade that exposes the business logic implemented in the application (typically, logic in the business layer) to potential consumers. And here: The service layer should be devoid of any application or business logic and should focus primarily on a few concerns. It should wrap Business Layer calls, translate your Domain in a common language that your clients can understand, and handle the communication medium between server and requesting client. This is a serious contrast to other resources that talk about the Service Layer: The service layer should consist of classes with methods that are units of work with actions that belong in the same transaction. Or the second answer to a question I've already linked: At some point, your application will want some business logic. Also, you might want to validate the input to make sure that there isn't something evil or nonperforming being requested. This logic belongs in your service layer. "Solution"? Following the guidelines in this answer, I came up with the following approach that uses a Service Layer: class UserController : Controller { private UserService _userService; public UserController(UserService userService){ _userService = userService; } public ActionResult MakeHimPay(string username, int amount) { _userService.MakeHimPay(username, amount); return RedirectToAction("ShowUserOverview"); } public ActionResult ShowUserOverview() { return View(); } } class UserService { private IUserRepository _userRepository; public UserService(IUserRepository userRepository) { _userRepository = userRepository; } public void MakeHimPay(username, amount) { _userRepository.GetUserByName(username).makePayment(amount); } } class UserRepository { public User GetUserByName(string name){ // Get appropriate user from database } } class User { private int debt; // debt in cents private string name; // getters public void makePayment(int cents){ debt -= cents; } } Conclusion All together not much has changed here: code from the controller has moved to the service layer (which is a good thing, so there is an upside to this approach). However this doesn't look like it had anything to do with my original answer. I realize design patterns are guidelines, not rules set in stone to be implemented whenever possible. Yet I have not found a definitive explanation of the service layer and how it should be regarded. Is it a means to simply extract logic from the controller and put it inside a service instead? Is it supposed to form a contract between the controller and the domain? Should there be a layer between the domain and the service layer? And, last but not least: following the original comment Business logic should really be in a service. Not in a model. Is this correct? How would I introduce my business logic in a service instead of the model?

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