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  • What is a django QuerySet?

    - by gath
    Guys, When i do this >>> b = Blog.objects.all() >>> b i get this >>>[<Blog: Blog Title>,<Blog: Blog Tile>] When i query what type b is, >>> type(b) i get this >>> <class 'django.db.models.query.QuerySet'> What does this mean? is it a data type like dict, list etc? An example of how i can build data structure like a QuerySet will be appreciated. I would want to know how django build that QuerySet (the gory details) Gath.

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  • Error & status handling for functions

    - by Industrial
    Hi everyone, We're working with a new codeigniter based application that are cross referencing different PHP functions forwards and backwards from various libraries, models and such. We're running PHP5 on the server and we try to find a good way for managing errors and status reports that arises from the usage of our functions. While using return in functions, the execution is ended, so nothing more can be sent back. Right? What's the best practice to send a status information or error code upon ending execution of actual function? Should we look into using exceptions or any other approach? http://us.php.net/manual/en/language.exceptions.php

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  • NES Programming - Nametables?

    - by Jeffrey Kern
    Hello everyone, I'm wondering about how the NES displays its graphical muscle. I've researched stuff online and read through it, but I'm wondering about one last thing: Nametables. Basically, from what I've read, each 8x8 block in a NES nametable points to a location in the pattern table, which holds graphic memory. In addition, the nametable also has an attribute table which sets a certain color palette for each 16x16 block. They're linked up together like this: (assuming 16 8x8 blocks) Nametable, with A B C D = pointers to sprite data: ABBB CDCC DDDD DDDD Attribute table, with 1 2 3 = pointers to color palette data, with < referencing value to the left, ^ above, and ' to the left and above: 1<2< ^'^' 3<3< ^'^' So, in the example above, the blocks would be colored as so 1A 1B 2B 2B 1C 1D 2C 2C 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D Now, if I have this on a fixed screen - it works great! Because the NES resolution is 256x240 pixels. Now, how do these tables get adjusted for scrolling? Because Nametable 0 can scroll into Nametable 1, and if you keep scrolling Nametable 0 will wrap around again. That I get. But what I don't get is how to scroll the attribute table wraps around as well. From what I've read online, the 16x16 blocks it assigns attributes for will cause color distortions on the edge tiles of the screen (as seen when you scroll left to right and vice-versa in SMB3). The concern I have is that I understand how to scroll the nametables, but how do you scroll the attribute table? For intsance, if I have a green block on the left side of the screen, moving the screen to right should in theory cause the tiles to the right to be green as well until they move more into frame, to which they'll revert to their normal colors.

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  • habtm multiple times with the same model

    - by Ermin
    I am trying to model a publications. A publication can have multiple authors and editors. Since it is possible that one person is an author of one publication and an editor of another, no separate models for Authors and Editors: class Publication < ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :authors, :class_name=>'Person' has_and_belongs_to_many :editors, :class_name=>'Person' end The above code doesn't work, because it uses the same join table. Now I now that I can specify the name of the join table, but there is a warning in the API documentation is a warning about that which I don't understand: :join_table: Specify the name of the join table if the default based on lexical order isn’t what you want. WARNING: If you’re overwriting the table name of either class, the table_name method MUST be declared underneath any has_and_belongs_to_many declaration in order to work.

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  • Ruby on Rails controller-view refactoring

    - by Dimitar Vouldjeff
    Hello, In my app I am using the ym4r-gm plugin, which allows you to play with the Google Maps API... I put the map "setup" in the controller: @map = GMap.new("div_map") @map.control_init(:large_map => true, :map_type => true) @map.center_zoom_init([47.0, 26.0], 7) ... And only render @map in the view. So my first question is whether I am using the right approach of "diving" this code? And the second question is: I have to models, which are rendering the same map (only the resources are different). Where should I put my refactored method that renders the map? In the application controller, maybe? Thanks in advance, I hope you will understand me!

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  • Passing HttpFileCollectionBase to the Business Layer - Bad?

    - by Terry_Brown
    hopefully there's an easy solution to this one. I have my MVC2 project which allows uploads of files on certain forms. I'm trying to keep my controllers lean, and handle the processing within the business layer of this sort of thing. That said, HttpFileCollectionBase is obviously in the System.Web assembly. Ideally I want to call to something like: UserService.SaveEvidenceFiles(MyUser user, HttpFileCollectionBase files); or something similar and have my business layer handle the logic of how and where these things are saved. But, it feels a little icky to have my models layer with a reference to System.Web in terms of separation of concerns etc. So, we have (that I'm aware of) a few options: the web project handling this, and my controllers getting fatter mapping the HttpFileCollectionBase to something my business layer likes passing the collection through, and accepting that I reference System.Web from my business project Would love some feedback here on best practice approaches to this sort of thing - even if not specifically within the context of the above.

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  • Is OpenGL required for my iPhone game?

    - by Ben X Tan
    On an iPhone: If I am writing a game that has multiple levels, with multiple animations (image sequences), jpg and png (transparent), some full screen and some not, some looped and some played once only. What is the best way of doing it? Each level might have up to 10MB of images. Add on to this music, and video (cut scenes). All 2D graphics, no 3D models. Is OpenGL required? Or can this be achieved with Quartz or Core Animation?

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  • A column ID occurred more than once in the specification

    - by Puzzle84
    Recently i've picked up my EF 4.1 / MVC 3 project again and started building in actual frontend capabilities. Now i'm developing a "simple" message system but upon going to that page i get the error as stated in the title EDIT It creates the database just not the models. Stack trace: [NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.] ASP._Page_Views_Inbox_Index_cshtml.Execute() in c:\Development\MVC\DOCCL\Views\Inbox\Index.cshtml:18 System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.ExecutePageHierarchy() +197 System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage.ExecutePageHierarchy() +81 System.Web.WebPages.StartPage.RunPage() +17 System.Web.WebPages.StartPage.ExecutePageHierarchy() +62 System.Web.WebPages.WebPageBase.ExecutePageHierarchy(WebPageContext pageContext, TextWriter writer, WebPageRenderingBase startPage) +76 System.Web.Mvc.RazorView.RenderView(ViewContext viewContext, TextWriter writer, Object instance) +222 System.Web.Mvc.BuildManagerCompiledView.Render(ViewContext viewContext, TextWriter writer) +115 System.Web.Mvc.ViewResultBase.ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context) +295 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResult(ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult) +13 System.Web.Mvc.<c_DisplayClass1c.b_19() +23 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultFilter(IResultFilter filter, ResultExecutingContext preContext, Func1 continuation) +242 System.Web.Mvc.<>c__DisplayClass1e.<InvokeActionResultWithFilters>b__1b() +21 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultWithFilters(ControllerContext controllerContext, IList1 filters, ActionResult actionResult) +177 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeAction(ControllerContext controllerContext, String actionName) +324 System.Web.Mvc.Controller.ExecuteCore() +106 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerBase.Execute(RequestContext requestContext) +91 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerBase.System.Web.Mvc.IController.Execute(RequestContext requestContext) +10 System.Web.Mvc.<c_DisplayClassb.b_5() +34 System.Web.Mvc.Async.<c_DisplayClass1.b_0() +19 System.Web.Mvc.Async.<c_DisplayClass81.<BeginSynchronous>b__7(IAsyncResult _) +10 System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResult1.End() +62 System.Web.Mvc.<c_DisplayClasse.b_d() +48 System.Web.Mvc.SecurityUtil.b_0(Action f) +7 System.Web.Mvc.SecurityUtil.ProcessInApplicationTrust(Action action) +22 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +60 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.System.Web.IHttpAsyncHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult result) +9 System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +9478661 System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +178 InnerException : {"A column ID occurred more than once in the specification."} The recently added code is. Controller: // // GET: /Inbox/Index/5/1 public ActionResult Index(int? Id, int Page = 1) { try { const int pageSize = 10; var messages = from m in horseTracker.Messages where m.ReceiverId.Equals(Id) select m; var paginatedMessages = new PaginatedList<Message>(messages, Page, pageSize); return View(paginatedMessages); } catch (Exception ex) { } return View(); } Models public class Message { [Key] public int Id { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Subject is required")] [Display(Name = "Subject")] public string Subject { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Message is required")] [Display(Name = "Message")] public string Content { get; set; } [Required] [Display(Name = "Date")] public DateTime Created { get; set; } public Boolean Read { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Can't create a message without a user")] public int SenderId { get; set; } public virtual User Sender { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Please pick a recipient")] public int ReceiverId { get; set; } public virtual User Receiver { get; set; } } public class User { [Key] public int Id { get; set; } [Required] [Display(Name = "Username")] public string UserName { get; set; } [Required] [Display(Name = "First Name")] public string FirstName { get; set; } [Required] [Display(Name = "Last Name")] public string LastName { get; set; } [Required] [Display(Name = "E-Mail")] public string Email { get; set; } [Required] [Display(Name = "Password")] public string Password { get; set; } [Required] [Display(Name = "Country")] public string Country { get; set; } public string EMail { get; set; } //Races public virtual ICollection<Message> Messages { get; set; } } modelBuilder.Entity<User>() .HasMany(u => u.Messages) .WithRequired(m => m.Receiver) .HasForeignKey(m => m.ReceiverId) .WillCascadeOnDelete(false); Anyone have a clue on why i might be getting that error? Before i added these classes it was working fine.

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  • Inlines in Django Admin

    - by Oli
    I have two models, Order and UserProfile. Each Order has a ForeignKey to UserProfile, to associate it with that user. On the django admin page for each Order, I'd like to display the UserProfile associated with it, for easy processing of information. I have tried inlines: class UserInline(admin.TabularInline): model = UserProfile class ValuationRequestAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('address1', 'address2', 'town', 'date_added') list_filter = ('town', 'date_added') ordering = ('-date_updated',) inlines = [ UserInline, ] But it complains that UserProfile "has no ForeignKey to" Order - which it doesn't, it's the other way around. Is there a way to do what I want?

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  • Rails Association issue with NoMethodError in event_controller

    - by pmanning
    Kinda a noob trying to understand I think I need to define rsvps but not sure what to put... I'm trying to add a Join/Unjoin button to user created Events, similar to a Follow/Unfollow button for Users. NoMethodError in Events#show undefined method `model_name' for NilClass:Class in line #1 _unjoin.html.erb 1: <%= form_for(current_user.rsvps.find_by_joined_id(@event), 2: html: { method: :delete }) do |f| %> 3: <%= f.submit "Leave", class: "btn btn-large" %> 4: <% end %> events_controller.rb def show @event = Event.find(params[:id]) @user = current_user end Here's the models rsvp.rb class Rsvp < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :joined_id belongs_to :joiner, class_name: "User" belongs_to :joined, class_name: "User" validates :joiner_id, presence: true validates :joined_id, presence: true end user.rb has_many :rsvps, foreign_key: "joiner_id", dependent: :destroy has_many :joined_events, through: :rsvps, source: :joined has_many :reverse_rsvps, foreign_key: "joined_id", class_name: "Rsvp", dependent: :destroy has_many :joiners, through: :reverse_rsvps, source: :joiner event.rb belongs_to :user has_many :rsvps, foreign_key: "joiner_id", dependent: :destroy has_many :joined_events, through: :rsvps, source: :joined has_many :reverse_rsvps, foreign_key: "joined_id", class_name: "Rsvp", dependent: :destroy has_many :joiners, through: :reverse_rsvps, source: :joiner

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  • How to configure a has_many association with non-ActiveRecord model

    - by Callmeed
    My Rails app has a normal ActiveRecord "Account" model stored in the database. The model will store the URL to a remote XML file which defines some other objects. For example, the Account has_many :galleries but the Gallery model is simply defined by nodes in the XML document. So how do I get /accounts/1/galleries to show the galleries from that account's XML? How do I setup this relationship? I know how to do basic non-AR models, but I'm not sure how to define the association or if I need to create a Gallery model at all.

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  • Autocomplete with Django, jQuery and google app engine

    - by Ron
    Hey guys, I'm new to Django and jQuery, but I have a lot of python experience. I'm basically trying to write an HTML form, with one text box for now, that as you type in it, shows you auto completion options. this will be used for finding restaurants, and I intend to use the Yelp API for that. can someone please point me out in a direction of a tutorial on how to do this - specifically with regards to the Django / HTML / jQuery rather than how to work with the Yelp API? Are there any tutorials I should read? All tutorials I have found are very basic ones that build forms from the Django data models.. Thanks!

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  • Implementing Qt File Dialog with a Different File System Library (boost)

    - by knight
    Hi, I am writing an application which requires me to use another file system and file engine handlers and not the qt's default ones. Basically what I want to be able to do is to use qt's file dialog but have an underlying file system handler (for example built using boost file system library) of mine handling all the operations with regards to file and directory operations within that dialog. I have already written a custom file engine which handles some of the operations but I am now stuck with Qt's file system model and the file system watcher engine, as I need to have the signals transmitted for this custom file engine. Seems like I have a daunting task ahead. Am I heading in the right direction? Is there any other simpler way that I could implement this? Can anyone give me any idea on how to proceed. I was thinking of looking into proxy models but not sure if that would work. Thanks in advance for any help.

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  • Rails belongs_to issue in the views

    - by Jacobo Tibaquira
    Hi, Im having problems with an association in rails: Currently I have Post and User models, and the relationship is set this way: class User < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :username, :name, :lastname has_many :posts end class Post < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :title, :body belongs_to :user end However, in my app/views/posts/index.html.haml when Im trying to access the username for the post I get this error: undefined method `name' for nil:NilClass This is my view: - title "Posts" %table %tr %th Title %th Body %th Author - for post in @posts %tr %td= h post.title %td= h post.body %td= h post.user.name %td= link_to 'Show', post %td= link_to 'Edit', edit_post_path(post) %td= link_to 'Destroy', post, :confirm => 'Are you sure?', :method => :delete %p= link_to "New Post", new_post_path Any thoughts of what Im doing wrong will be appretiated

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  • Django 1.2 crash course needed

    - by delusionalweekendwarrior
    I know Python but I've never used Django. What do I need to know about Django 1.2 to port my typical PHP CRUD web application in one weekend? (Yes I've read Joel Spolsky's Netscape article :-)) I'm reading this tutorial right now and it's excellent. I'm already playing around with inspectdb to generate my models from the existing schema. I'm planning to use the following features of Django this weekend: Fragment caching Static asset versioning (for far future expires) Schema migrations (or whatever they're called in Django) Auto-admin (and customize it later) The test framework ...other stuff I probably don't know about yet I'm familiar with all these concepts in other languages/frameworks, except for the ORM which I've never used. I know SQL pretty well though. Any links, sage bits of advice, gotchas, stuff not mentioned in the (excellent) tutorial/docs, or stuff that is mentioned but warrants repeating == very welcome. Thanks!

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  • Dynamically render partial templates using mustache

    - by btakita
    Is there a way to dynamically inject partial templates (and have it work the same way in both Ruby & Javascript)? Basically, I'm trying to render different types of objects in a list. The best I can come up with is this: <div class="items"> {{#items}} <div class="item"> {{#is_message}} {{< message}} {{/is_message}} {{^is_message}} {{#is_picture}} {{< picture}} {{/is_picture}} {{^is_picture}} {{/is_picture}} {{/is_message}} </div> {{/items}} </div> For obvious reasons, I'm not super-psyched about this approach. Is there a better way? Also note that the different types of models for the views can have non-similar fields. I suppose I could always go to the lowest common denominator and have the data hash contain the html, however I would rather use the mustache templates.

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  • Zend - Deny access to CSS, JS, Image files

    - by Vincent
    All, I have the following Zend application structure: helloworld - application - configs - controllers - models - layouts - include - library - public - design -- css -- site.css -- js -- global.js -- images -- siteheader.gif -- sitefooter.gif - .htaccess - index.php My .htaccess file in public folder looks like this: Options -MultiViews RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -s [OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -l [OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -d RewriteRule ^.*$ - [NC,L] RewriteRule ^.*$ index.php [NC,L] My document root points to the "public" folder. Currently, if the user visits a directory level URL, (Ex: http://localhost/design or localhost/css) , my .htaccess file above make sure to show him the "Access Forbidden" page. But if he visits the file level URL, (Ex: http://localhost/design/css/site.css), it shows him the CSS file or the js file or PHP file.. How can I make sure to lock file level access for the above file types, if accessed directly from the URL? Since my application is JS intensive, I want to protect it from users looking at it. Thanks

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  • How should I declare default values for instance variables in Python?

    - by int3
    Should I give my class members default values like this: class Foo: num = 1 or like this? class Foo: def __init__(self): self.num = 1 In this question I discovered that in both cases, bar = Foo() bar.num += 1 is a well-defined operation. I understand that the first method will give me a class variable while the second one will not. However, if I do not require a class variable, but only need to set a default value for my instance variables, are both methods equally good? Or one of them more 'pythonic' than the other? One thing I've noticed is that in the Django tutorial, they use the second method to declare Models. Personally I think the second method is more elegant, but I'd like to know what the 'standard' way is.

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  • How Does a Login system generally work with OOP?

    - by fakingfantastic
    Sorry if this is a badly formed question, but I'm trying to make my web applications (using PHP) more OO. *EDIT* I'm developing the Framework myself */EDIT* Everything is great so far, I've made a Front Controller system that taps into a MVC system. The FC figures out what page you want, loads the specific page Controller (*EDIT* which extends an abstract Controller Object */EDIT*), which gets anything it needs from Models, and then calls the appropriate View. Very basic. But now, I need to make an admin section (quasi-CMS). How does a login system fit into the grand scheme of things? Do you set controllers as needing a login? If so, how? What If you only want certain views of a controller requiring login? Thanks in advance.

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  • Vehicle Make/Model and Parts Database

    - by Jas Panesar
    I am looking to see if there is a web based service I can either access programmatically to access teh following information, or a database I could purchase or interface with. I am looking to see if there are databases out there for: 1) Vehicle makes and models -- I recall something being out there in the $500/yr range 2) Vehicle Part Numbers - A database of car part numbers that is maintained and updated for a yearly subscription. I had read something similar about databases being purchased for other industries on SO.. so I figure this is fair game. Thanks in advance!

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  • What is the best free cross-platform OpenGL GUI library for a video game?

    - by Jim Buck
    It must come with source. I've looked at these which look semi-promising: glgooey, guichan, and cegui. I've come across others that look more Windows-y than game-y, but that's not the direction I am looking to go in. I would like some simple functionality of typical controls (lists, dropdown box, etc.) but with support for graphical widgets that you would normally find in game frontends. Mouse clicking, dragging, dropping, etc. and sound effect hooks would be nice. (These libs often leave hooks for the external system to tell it when/where mouse events are occurring.) It would get rendered on top of what my own 3D engine is rendering for the game, so it must be able to play nicely with rendering code outside of the lib. The best criteria is whether or not a reasonable 2D game could be implemented just with the GUI library and minimal glue code. (By glue code, I mean init code, hooking up the mouse, and game logic.) I am creating a 3D game, but this criteria gives a pretty solid idea of what level of interactivity I would like in the GUI.

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  • NameError when using act_as_ferret

    - by manish nautiyal
    Hi all I am getting this error when I am using acts_as_ferret :fields =[:competitor], :remote = true NameError in PartController#index uninitialized constant PartController::Competitor My Model class Competitor < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :fee_earner_id, :notes belongs_to :fee_earner belongs_to :country belongs_to :state belongs_to :user acts_as_ferret :fields =[:competitor], :remote = true end My controller class PartController < ApplicationController def index @proscribeds = Competitor.paginate(:all, :order = sort , :page = params[:page], :per_page = 70 ) end end Its working fine in localhost but when I deploy it in the server than I get this error. act_as_ferret is working good with other models. I don't know why this is not working with only Competitor model.

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  • In what specific areas has F# proven more applicable than C#?

    - by Peter McGrattan
    Over the last few years F# has evolved into one of Microsoft's fully supported languages employing many ideas incubated in OCaml, ML and Haskell. Over the last several years C# has extended it's general purpose features by introducing more and more functional language features: LINQ (list comprehension), Lamdas, Closures, Anonymous Delegates and more... Given C#'s adoption of these functional features and F#'s taxonomy as an impure functional language (it allows YOU to access framework libraries or change shared state when a function is called if you want to) there is a strong similarity between the two languages although each has it's own polar opposite primary emphasis. I'm interested in any successful models employing these two languages in your production polyglot programs and also the areas within production software (web apps, client apps, server apps) you have written in F# in the past year or so that you would previously have written in C#. EDIT: Altered title with the intent of reducing perceived ambiguity.

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  • Your Django Development process/steps (Step by Step)

    - by AJ
    I want to know step by step process of how folks develop on Django here. I have seen that whenever I try to create a website in Django, I always get confused amongst: DB Schema/models.py UI/Template Structure Login module urls.py views.py How do you approach this? I may have missed something. You do not need to elaborate everything, just stepwise what you do. If you do two things at the same time (or side-by-side), that would also be helpful to mention. Thanks a lot.

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  • mvc action name in url

    - by Paul
    UPDATE: My model going into the save method is PartialViewModel, which in the save method, is pushed into the index's ContactViewModel and sent back. This wasn't clear. I am playing around with MVC3, and have a contact controller with a SaveDetails action. The index cshtml has a partial with a form whose action is pointing to this controller. When I submit the form not having completed it fully, thereby firing the validation, the url now contains the SaveDetails action name (http://localhost:7401/Contact/SaveDetails). The form code is: @using (Html.BeginForm("SaveDetails", "Contact")) { ... } The controller action looks like this: public ActionResult SaveDetails(Models.PartialsViewModel pvm) { return View("Index", new ContactViewModel{ PartialsViewModel = pvm } ); } What am I doing wrong?

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