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• How to defend agains botnet http requests

  - by Killercode

  I have a server with WHM + CPanel and 5 of my costumer got infected with zbot. This means that the domains they have are constantly receiving requests to certain destinations. I tried to use mod_security but seems that it can't filter every requests... I don't really know why? I still see in the access log the connection comming in and it's consuming a LOT of bandwidth and server load Those accounts have already been clean so all of those requests go to error 404 (the ones catched on mod_security I am dropping the connection). Is there anymore ways to defend against this requests?

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• Active Directory Permission Diag Tool

  - by Skit

  I'm trying to identify potential permission issues on areas of our AD tree. What I have in mind is something like SysInternals FileMon to monitor object access in Active Directory in real time. For example: Adding a computer to the domain. Is there anything like that in the wild? Is there a better way?

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• How to Suppress Repetition of Warnings That an Application Was Downloaded From the Internet on Mac OS X?

  - by Jonathan Leffler

  On Mac OS X, when I run Firefox (and Thunderbird, and ...) which I downloaded from Mozilla, the OS pops up a warning that the file was downloaded over the internet, giving the date on which it was downloaded. I have no problem with that warning on the first time I use a downloaded application - but the repeated warnings are a nuisance. Is there a way to suppress that dialogue box? Is there a way to avoid it appearing in the first place? (Some applications I download from a corporate intranet - those don't produce the equivalent warning; any idea what the criteria are for when the warning is generated?)

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• How to secure an Internet-facing Elastic Search implementation in a shared hosting environment?

  - by casperOne

  (Originally asked on StackOverflow, and recommended that I move it here) I've been going over the documentation for Elastic Search and I'm a big fan and I'd like to use it to handle the search for my ASP.NET MVC app. That introduces a few interesting twists, however. If the ASP.NET MVC application was on a dedicated machine, it would be simple to spool up an instance of Elastic Search and use the TCP Transport to connect locally. However, I'm not on a dedicated machine for the ASP.NET MVC application, nor does it look like I'll move to one anytime soon. That leaves hosting Elastic Search on another machine (in the *NIX world) and I would probably go with shared hosting there. One of the biggest things lacking from Elastic Search, however, is the fact that it doesn't support HTTPS and basic authentication out of the box. If it did, then this question wouldn't exist; I'd simply host it somewhere and make sure to have an incredibly secure password and HTTPS enabled (possibly with a self-signed certificate). But that's not the case. That given, what is a good way to expose Elastic Search over the Internet in a secure way? Note, I'm looking for something that hopefully, will not require writing code to provide shims for the methods that I want (in other words, writing forwarders).

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• How to setup server to accept pem(private RSA key) login w/o password like EC2?

  - by Chandler.Huang

  I am manage a group of VM and I need to setup all vm create a ssh tunnel to a specific host A. One way to do this is append public key of each VM to host's authorized_keys, but I guess I have to do the append each time i create a VM. So I am trying to config host A to accept pem or private key login without passowrd, just like EC2, client can use "ssh -i PEM" to login host A. But I have tried in vain for hours. I create a rsa public/private key and let VM use the private key to login, no matter what I do, host a still ask for password. Is there anything I missed ? Thanks.

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• Is SSL to the proxy good enough?

  - by Josh Smeaton

  We are currently trying to decide on how best to do SSL traffic in our environment. We have an externally facing Apache proxy server that is responsible for directing all traffic into our environment. It is also doing the SSL work for the majority of our servers. There are one or two IIS servers in particular that are doing their own SSL, but they are also behind the proxy. I'm wondering, is SSL to the proxy good enough? It would mean that traffic within our network is identifiable, but is that such a big deal?

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• Web Server Users - Best Practice

  - by Toby

  I was wondering what is considered best practice when several developers/administrators require access to the same web server. Should there be one non-root user with a secure username and password unqiue to the web server which everyone logs in as or should there be a username for each person. I am leaning towards a username for each person to aid in logging etc however then does the same user keep the same credentials over several servers, or should at least their password change depending on the server they are on? Should any non-root user of the system be added to the sudoers file or is it best practice to leave everyone off it and only let root perform certain tasks? Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Web Server Users - Best Practice

  - by Toby

  I was wondering what is considered best practice when several developers/administrators require access to the same web server. Should there be one non-root user with a secure username and password unqiue to the web server which everyone logs in as or should there be a username for each person. I am leaning towards a username for each person to aid in logging etc however then does the same user keep the same credentials over several servers, or should at least their password change depending on the server they are on? Should any non-root user of the system be added to the sudoers file or is it best practice to leave everyone off it and only let root perform certain tasks? Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• .htaccess redirection resulting alias plus directory name

  - by austin cheney

  I am using .htaccess file to redirect all web traffic in a folder to ssl, because the directory prompts users for a login. When a user logs in they are redirected from https://subdir.mailmarkup.org/ to https://subdir.mailmarkup.org/~homedir/subdir. I want users to be redirected from http to https, and this is occuring successfully, however, I do not want users redirected from the first path mentioned above to the second. How do I prevent this?

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• OSX - Update "Java for OS X 2012-002" is not mentioned on support.apple.com, is this ok?

  - by snies

  Straight after installing "Java for OS X 2012-001" Software Update asks me to install "Java for OS X 2012-002", which has the exact same size (66.6 MB) and description (including the same two links: HT5055 and HT1222) as the former, which strikes me as odd. The "Java for OS X 2012-001" is described on the apple support pages, but the "Java for OS X 2012-002" is not mentioned anywhere. Also searching on google does not yield any usable results. What is your opinon? Am i paranoid? Did you also see this update?

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• How to protect custom shapes from being reused? Visio 2010

  - by Chris

  We are building a set of documentation for our business with Visio 2010. We need to make the Visio files accessible to external consultants for review, but we want to ensure that they cannot copy any of our custom shapes or formulas. How can we protect custom shapes/stencils so that they cannot be used outside of our documents? Or, if that's not possible, how can we mark our shapes in such a way that we could prove that they were created by us?

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• Explanation of nodev and nosuid in fstab

  - by Ivan Kovacevic

  I see those two options constantly suggested on the web when someone describes how to mount a tmpfs or ramfs. Often also with noexec but I'm specifically interested in nodev and nosuid. I basically hate just blindly repeating what somebody suggested, without real understanding. And since I only see copy/paste instructions on the net regarding this, I ask here. This is from documentation: nodev - Don't interpret block special devices on the filesystem. nosuid - Block the operation of suid, and sgid bits. But I would like a practical explanation what could happen if I leave those two out. Let's say that I have configured tmpfs or ramfs(without these two mentioned options set) that is accessible(read+write) by a specific (non-root)user on the system. What can that user do to harm the system? Excluding the case of consuming all available system memory in case of ramfs

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• Change OpenSSH account password in Linux

  - by TK Kocheran

  I suppose that my main Linux user account password serves as my SSH password as well. Is there a way I can modify this? As it turns out, I'd like to have a REALLY secure SSH password for obvious reasons, but a less secure local password, as it makes typing in passwords a heck of a lot easier on a machine. Is there a way I can change my account password in SSH without changing my Linux user password?

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• Why not block ICMP?

  - by Agvorth

  I think I almost have my iptables setup complete on my CentOS 5.3 system. Here is my script... # Establish a clean slate iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -F # Flush all rules iptables -X # Delete all chains # Disable routing. Drop packets if they reach the end of the chain. iptables -P FORWARD DROP # Drop all packets with a bad state iptables -A INPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # Accept any packets that have something to do with ones we've sent on outbound iptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # Accept any packets coming or going on localhost (this can be very important) iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # Accept ICMP iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT # Allow ssh iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow httpd iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # Allow SSL iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Block all other traffic iptables -A INPUT -j DROP For context, this machine is a Virtual Private Server Web app host. In a previous question, Lee B said that I should "lock down ICMP a bit more." Why not just block it altogether? What would happen if I did that (what bad thing would happen)? If I need to not block ICMP, how could I go about locking it down more?

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• Securing NTP: which method to use?

  - by Harry

  Can someone good at NTP configuration please share which method is the best/easiest to implement a secure, tamper-proof version of NTP? Here are some difficulties... I don't have the luxury of having my own stratum 0 time source, so must rely on external time servers. Should I read up on the AutoKey method or should I try to go the MD5 route? Based on what I know about symmetric cryptography, it seems that the MD5 method relies on a pre-agreed set of keys (symmetric cryptography) between the client and the server, and, so, is prone to man-in-the-middle attack. AutoKey, on the other hand, does not appear to work behind a NAT or a masquerading host. Is this still true, by the way? (This reference link is dated 2004, so I'm not sure what is the state of art today.) 4.1 Are public AutoKey-talking time servers available? I browsed through the NTP book by David Mills. The book looks excellent in a way (coming from the NTP creator after all), but the information therein is also overwhelming. I just need to first configure a secure version of NTP and then may be later worry about its architectural and engineering underpinnings. Can someone please wade me through these drowning NTP waters? Don't necessarily need a working config from you, just info on which NTP mode/config to try and may be also a public time server that supports that mode/config. Many thanks, /HS

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• Compromised Server nginx-mongrel - rails stack

  - by chief

  It looks like someone is using my server and hosting my application on different URL. When I visit this other URL an exact working copy of my website is present, though the browser objects when I attempt to access an HTTPS page. What has this person done?

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• Is it possible to have an external server within a company's firewall?

  - by Jonathan

  Hi guys, I am sure this is server admin 101, but I am unsure of the answer and would love some help. I am a software developer I have built an application for a client and am currently hosting it successfully on SliceHost. We are now coming out of Beta and the client wants to have the application within their firewall, but they do not want to deal with headache of hosting and maintaining the server. Is there a way I can recommend that we put our server at SliceHost within their Firewall? Is that an easy thing to do? Their specific requirements are: For my application to authenticate against their Active Directory, and Only allow access to the application from within their network If that is not possible, what should I recommend to my client?

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• Our company claims that the DLP system can even monitor the contents of HTTPS traffic, how is this possible?

  - by Ryan

  There is software installed on all client machines for DLP (Data Loss Prevention) and HIPAA compliance. Supposedly it can read HTTPS data clearly. I always thought that between the browser and the server, this was encrypted entirely. How can software sneak in and grab this data from the browser prior to it is encrypted or after it is decrypted? I am just curious as to how this could be possible. I would think that a browser wouldn't be considered very secure if this was possible.

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• How to disabled password authentication for specific users in SSHD

  - by Nick

  I have read several posts regarding restricting ALL users to Key authentication ONLY, however I want to force only a single user (svn) onto Key auth only, the rest can be key or password. I read How to disable password authentication for every users except several, however it seems the "match user" part of sshd_config is part of openssh-5.1. I am running CentOS 5.6 and only have OpenSSH 4.3. I have the following repos available at the moment. $ yum repolist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror repo id repo name status base CentOS-5 - Base enabled: 3,535 epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64 enabled: 6,510 extras CentOS-5 - Extras enabled: 299 ius IUS Community Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64 enabled: 218 rpmforge RHEL 5 - RPMforge.net - dag enabled: 10,636 updates CentOS-5 - Updates enabled: 720 repolist: 21,918 I mainly use epel, rpmforge is used to the latest version (1.6) of subversion. Is there any way to achieve this with my current setup? I don't want to restrict the server to keys only because if I lose my key I lose my server ;-)

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• Avoiding users to corrupt and use a script

  - by EverythingRightPlace

  Is it possible to deny the right to copy files? I have a script which should be executable by others. They are also allowed to read the file (though it would not be a problem to forbid reading). But I don't want the script to be changed and executed. It's not a problem to set those permissions, but one could easily copy, change and run the script. Can this even be avoided? /edit The OS is Red Hat Enterprise Linux Workstation release 6.2 (Santiago).

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• Running Radius on a Novell Backbone

  - by YsoL8

  Hello I am a rookie network engineer and I've been asked to create a secure wireless system intergrated with an existing network. So far I'd decided to use 802.1x secuity with a Radius enabled server over a Novell backbone. My question is: does Novell still support this type of server setup? I heard rumours it is at the end of it's supported life and I'd like some confirmation. Also can I get some recommendations on better backbone / server providers. Cheers

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• central log-server with auditdisp

  - by johan

  I want to setup a central log-server. The log-server is running with debian 6.0.6 and the audit daemon is installed in version 1.7.13-1. The Clients are running with Red Hat 5.5 and they connect to the log-server via audispd. The connection works fine and i get all messages from each node. My questions is: is it possible that the auditd daemon from the log server write the messages from each node in a separate file? I try to transfer the messages via the syslog daemon, that works but i can not use tools like ausearch to analyze these log-files.

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• Very Slow DSL (ethernet) speed [New Interesting Update]

  - by Abhijit

  Very IMPORTANT and INTERESTING UPDATE: Due to some reason I just thought to do a complete new setup and this time I decided to again have openSUSE plus ubuntu. So I first reinstall lubuntu and then I installed OpenSUSE 12.2 (64 bit). Now, my DSL speed is working very normal and fine on opensuse. So this is very scary. Is it possible for any operating system to manipulate my NIC so that it will work fine only on that operating system and not on another os? Regarding positive thinking and not being paranoid, what is it that makes ONLY suse to get my NIC to work at normal speed but ubuntu can not do it? Not even fedora? Not even linux mint? What all these OS are lacking that enables suse to work great? == ORIGINAL QUESTION == I 'was' on opensuse 12.2 when my dsl speed was normal. Yesterday I switched from opensuse to ubuntu 12.04 and speed decreased. It came to range of 7-10-13-20-25-kbps. Then I switch to linux mint, and then to fedora. Still slow speed. When I was in ubuntu I disabled ipv6 but still no luck. Now I am in fedora but this time with DIFFERENT ISP. And still I am getting very slow sped. So my guess is this is nothing to do with os. What can be wrong? Is this problem of NIC? Does NIC speed decreases over time? Does NIC life ends over time as with keyboard or mouse? Help please All the os I used are 64 bit and my laptop is Compaq Presario A965Tu Intel Centrino DUal Core. Interesting thing to notice is I get normal speed while downloading torrent inside torrent client softwares. This slow speed issue applied to download from any web browser or installing software using terminal.

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• Is RC4 128bit strong enough? [closed]

  - by al nik

  I notice that services like Gmail use RC4 128 bit as encryption. What is RC4 encryption? Is 128-bit RC4 strong enough by today's encryption standards?

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• Which linux x86 hardware keystore?

  - by byeo

  I'm terminating SSL/TLS in my DMZ and I have to assume that machine will be hacked. At which point my certificates are compromised. Previously I've used nCipher hardware keystore/accelerator to solve this issue. These cards won't reveal the private key even to root. The card performs the encryption and decryption onboard and is hardened against physical attack. The only way to get at the keys is by attaching a smart card reader to the card itself. I'm having trouble finding information about something to recreate this approach. Is this the domain of specialist switches and firewalls these days? This old page references some of the old hardware: http://www.kegel.com/ssl/hw.html#cards

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